Culvert
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A culvert is a structure that channels water past an obstacle or to a subterranean waterway. Typically embedded so as to be surrounded by soil, a culvert may be made from a pipe, reinforced concrete or other material. In the United Kingdom, the word can also be used for a longer artificially buried watercourse.
Culvert with secure headwall in Bromsgrove, England
Stone culvert in Haapsalu, Estonia
Steel culvert with a plunge pool below
A multiple culvert assembly in Italy
Noise barrier
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A noise barrier is an exterior structure designed to protect inhabitants of sensitive land use areas from noise pollution. Noise barriers are the most effective method of mitigating roadway, railway, and industrial noise sources –
other than cessation of the source activity or use of source controls.
The sound tube in Melbourne, Australia, designed to reduce roadway noise without detracting from the area's aesthetics.
Acoustical scientist measures sound in noise barrier design study, Santa Clara County, California.
Noise barrier earth berm along California State Route 12, Sonoma County, California
Noise abatement walls often block rail passengers' or road users' view and attract graffiti.