1.
Along Came Jones (film)
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Along Came Jones is a 1945 Western comedy film starring Gary Cooper, Loretta Young, William Demarest, and Dan Duryea, in which Cooper mercilessly spoofs his own slow-talking cowboy persona. The movie was adapted by Nunnally Johnson from the novel Useless Cowboy by Alan Le May, much of the movie was shot at the widely filmed Iverson Movie Ranch in Chatsworth, Calif. This was the feature film produced by Cooper during his long movie career. Cooper had a Western town built at the ranch for Along Came Jones. Easygoing Melody Jones and his friend George Fury wander into a town, Jones is mistaken for a wanted bandit named Monte Jarrad, which causes him no end of trouble. Meanwhile, the real Jarrad is hiding out in the home of his girl, at first, she tries to use the newcomer to distract the townsfolk, but as she gets to know Jones, her feelings start to change. Janet Blair and Joel McCrea starred in the adaptation, in the film Cooper sings the song Im a poor lonesome cowboy, which would later be used as the signature song of Lucky Luke in the eponymous comics series by René Goscinny and Morris
2.
White Plains, New York
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White Plains is a city in Westchester County, New York, United States. It is the county seat and commercial hub of Westchester, an affluent suburban county just north of New York City that is home to almost one million people, White Plains is located in south-central Westchester, with its downtown 25 miles north of Midtown Manhattan. As of 2013, the total population was estimated to be 57,866. According to the city government, the daytime population is estimated at 250,000. The city was ranked third in the top 10 places to live in New York for 2014, according to national online real estate brokerage Movoto. At the time of the Dutch settlement of Manhattan in the early 17th century, however, John Richbell of Mamaroneck claimed to have earlier title to much of the territory through his purchase of a far larger plot extending 20 miles inland, perhaps from a different tribe. The matter wasnt settled until 1721, when a Royal Patent for White Plains was granted by King George II, the unincorporated village remained part of the Town of Rye until 1788, when the town of White Plains was created. On July 9,1776, a copy of the Declaration of Independence was delivered to the New York Provincial Congress, the delegates quickly adopted a resolution approving the Declaration, thus declaring both the colonys independence and the formation of the State of New York. The Declaration itself was first publicly read from the steps of the courthouse on July 11, the Battle of White Plains took place primarily on Chatterton Hill, and the Bronx River. Howes forces had suffered 250 casualties, a loss, and he made no attempt to pursue the Continentals, whose casualties were about 125 dead. Three days after the battle Washington withdrew north of the village, but after several inconclusive skirmishes over the next week Howe withdrew on November 5, leaving White Plains to the Continentals. Although he was court-martialed and convicted for this action, he escaped punishment, the first United States Census, conducted in 1790, listed the White Plains population at 505, of whom 46 were slaves. By 1800, the population stood at 575 and in 1830,830, by 1870,26 years after the arrival of the New York Central Railroad, it had swollen to 2,630 and by 1890 to 4,508. In the decades that followed the count grew to 7,899 and 26,425, White Plains was incorporated as a village in 1866 and as a city in 1916. Early in the 20th century, White Plains downtown area developed into a dominant suburban shopping district and featured branch stores of many famous New York-based department and specialty stores. Some of these locations were the first large-scale suburban stores built in the United States. With the construction of the parkways and expressways in the 1940s and 1960s, with a city opening ceremony Macys launched a grand White Plains store on Main Street across from City Hall in 1949. As the mayor said at the time, this was a significant event in the life of White Plains, at the time of its construction, the Westchester One building was the largest office building between New York City and Albany, and east to Hartford
3.
Los Angeles
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Los Angeles, officially the City of Los Angeles and often known by its initials L. A. is the cultural, financial, and commercial center of Southern California. With a census-estimated 2015 population of 3,971,883, it is the second-most populous city in the United States, Los Angeles is also the seat of Los Angeles County, the most populated county in the United States. The citys inhabitants are referred to as Angelenos, historically home to the Chumash and Tongva, Los Angeles was claimed by Juan Rodríguez Cabrillo for Spain in 1542 along with the rest of what would become Alta California. The city was founded on September 4,1781, by Spanish governor Felipe de Neve. It became a part of Mexico in 1821 following the Mexican War of Independence, in 1848, at the end of the Mexican–American War, Los Angeles and the rest of California were purchased as part of the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo, thereby becoming part of the United States. Los Angeles was incorporated as a municipality on April 4,1850, the discovery of oil in the 1890s brought rapid growth to the city. The completion of the Los Angeles Aqueduct in 1913, delivering water from Eastern California, nicknamed the City of Angels, Los Angeles is known for its Mediterranean climate, ethnic diversity, and sprawling metropolis. Los Angeles also has an economy in culture, media, fashion, science, sports, technology, education, medicine. A global city, it has been ranked 6th in the Global Cities Index, the city is home to renowned institutions covering a broad range of professional and cultural fields, and is one of the most substantial economic engines within the United States. The Los Angeles combined statistical area has a gross metropolitan product of $831 billion, making it the third-largest in the world, after the Greater Tokyo and New York metropolitan areas. The city has hosted the Summer Olympic Games in 1932 and 1984 and is bidding to host the 2024 Summer Olympics and thus become the second city after London to have hosted the Games three times. The Los Angeles area also hosted the 1994 FIFA mens World Cup final match as well as the 1999 FIFA womens World Cup final match, the mens event was watched on television by over 700 million people worldwide. The Los Angeles coastal area was first settled by the Tongva, a Gabrielino settlement in the area was called iyáangẚ, meaning poison oak place. Gaspar de Portolà and Franciscan missionary Juan Crespí, reached the present site of Los Angeles on August 2,1769, in 1771, Franciscan friar Junípero Serra directed the building of the Mission San Gabriel Arcángel, the first mission in the area. The Queen of the Angels is an honorific of the Virgin Mary, two-thirds of the settlers were mestizo or mulatto with a mixture of African, indigenous and European ancestry. The settlement remained a small town for decades, but by 1820. Today, the pueblo is commemorated in the district of Los Angeles Pueblo Plaza and Olvera Street. New Spain achieved its independence from the Spanish Empire in 1821, during Mexican rule, Governor Pío Pico made Los Angeles Alta Californias regional capital
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Forest Lawn Memorial Park (Hollywood Hills)
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Forest Lawn Memorial Park — Hollywood Hills is one of the six Forest Lawn Southern California cemeteries. It is located at 6300 Forest Lawn Dr, Los Angeles, CA90068, in the Hollywood Hills neighborhood of Los Angeles, California. Forest Lawn — Hollywood Hills is a dedicated to the preservation of American history and hosts high-profile events such as an annual Veterans Day ceremony attended by dignitaries. The park features such sights as, The Court of Liberty features statues of George Washington and Thomas Jefferson, at 162 feet long and 28 feet high, Birth of Liberty is the largest historical mosaic in the United States. It is composed of ten pieces of Venetian glass and depicts twenty-five scenes from early America. The Old North Church, a replica of Bostons historic church. The historical rooms have documents and mementos of the colonial period, the Hall of Liberty American History Museum has a copy of the Liberty Bell and other exhibits. The museum has a 1, 200-seat auditorium, monument to Washington, a marble and bronze tribute to Americas first president, created by sculptor Thomas Ball. Four of Washingtons generals are honored in the memorial, the Lincoln Terrace features a 16-foot bronze statue of the 16th president by Augustus St. Gaudens, flanked by a panoramic mosaic depicting key scenes from Lincolns life. The Plaza of Mesoamerican Heritage has indigenous/non-Christian sculptures by Meliton Salas Rodriguez, of Guadalajara, the first Forest Lawn, in Glendale, was founded in 1906 by businessmen who hired Dr. Hubert Eaton, a firm believer in a joyous life after death. Before it was a cemetery, Forest Lawn was a location used by directors such as Carl Laemmle. The climactic battle scenes for D. W. Griffiths The Birth of a Nation were filmed there. The alternate names of the site are Providencia Flats, Nestor Ranch, Oak Ranch, Oak Crest Ranch, Universal Ranch/Universal City, Lasky Ranch. When Eaton made known his desire to open a second Forest Lawn location in the Hollywood Hills, the local residents protested vehemently. To circumvent the protesters, Mr. Eaton sent his staff to the county morgue to claim 6 John Does, in the morning, the protesters had no power because, by law, the property was now a cemetery. A mausoleum, for crypt or vault interments, a crematory and columbarium, for cinerary interments. A place where six or more bodies are buried. The new mortuary and cemetery opened in 1952, interred or entombed in the Hollywood Hills cemetery are many famous people, particularly from the entertainment industry
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Hollywood Hills
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The Hollywood Hills are a part of the Santa Monica Mountains and also a hillside neighborhood of the same name in the central region of the city of Los Angeles, California. The Hollywood Hills are the part of the Santa Monica Mountains and it includes Forest Lawn Memorial Park, the Hollywood Reservoir, the Hollywood Sign, the Hollywood Bowl and the John Anson Ford Theater. Hollywood Hills is bisected southeast-northwest by US101, relation of the Hollywood Hills to nearby areas, The neighborhood of Hollywood Hills includes the Hollywood Bowl and Forest Lawn Memorial Park as well as two private and three public schools. The population was estimated at 22,988 in 2008, the median age for residents was 37, considered old for the city and the county. The percentages of residents aged 19 through 64 were among the countys highest, the neighborhood is not particularly diverse for the city, the diversity index being 0.433, and the percentage of white people is considered high, at 74. 1%. Latinos make up 9. 4%, Asians are at 6. 7%, African American at 4. 6%, the median household income in 2008 dollars was $69,277, considered high for the city but about average for the county. The percentage of households earning $125,000 or more was high, the average household size of 1.8 people was relatively low. Renters occupied 56. 5% of the units, and homeowners the rest. In 2000, there were 270 families headed by single parents, or 6. 9%, in 2000,54. 8% of residents aged 25 and older held a four-year degree, considered high when compared with the city and the county as a whole. Davies, Los Angeles City Council member, 1943–51, active against gravel extraction in the hills Los Angeles Times Los Angeles Times Hollywood Hills crime map and statistics
6.
Peter Duryea
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Peter Duryea was an American actor. He is best known for appearing in a episode of Star Trek, The Original Series, The Cage, most of which was reused in The Menagerie. His father, Dan Duryea, was also an actor, groups and individuals book time at the Tipi Camp to reflect in a gentle collection of tipis along an idyllic lake. People travel from all over North America to participate in many of the different programs available at the Tipi Camp, some of the more popular programs are the W. I. S. E Camp and the annual Yoga Retreats. The W. I. S. E Camp is intended for teenagers and emphasizes self-respect, respect for others, peter Duryea died on March 24,2013. As Ted Clover Adam-12 episode Log 62, Grand Theft Horse. as Charles Carter The Name of the Game episode Swingers Only, episode Gomer, the Perfect M. P. as Ben Derzansky I Spy episode Tag, Youre It Catalina Caper. as Tad Duval Combat. Episode Jonah. as Simmons episode The Linesman. as Pvt, oConnor Twelve OClock High episode The Pariah. as Staff Sgt. Hunter episode Decision. as Lt. Peters Bob Hope Presents the Chrysler Theatre episode Massacre at Fort Phil Kearney
7.
Film
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A film, also called a movie, motion picture, theatrical film or photoplay, is a series of still images which, when shown on a screen, creates the illusion of moving images due to the phi phenomenon. This optical illusion causes the audience to perceive continuous motion between separate objects viewed rapidly in succession, the process of filmmaking is both an art and an industry. The word cinema, short for cinematography, is used to refer to the industry of films. Films were originally recorded onto plastic film through a photochemical process, the adoption of CGI-based special effects led to the use of digital intermediates. Most contemporary films are now fully digital through the process of production, distribution. Films recorded in a form traditionally included an analogous optical soundtrack. It runs along a portion of the film exclusively reserved for it and is not projected, Films are cultural artifacts created by specific cultures. They reflect those cultures, and, in turn, affect them, Film is considered to be an important art form, a source of popular entertainment, and a powerful medium for educating—or indoctrinating—citizens. The visual basis of film gives it a power of communication. Some films have become popular worldwide attractions by using dubbing or subtitles to translate the dialog into the language of the viewer, some have criticized the film industrys glorification of violence and its potentially negative treatment of women. The individual images that make up a film are called frames, the perception of motion is due to a psychological effect called phi phenomenon. The name film originates from the fact that film has historically been the medium for recording and displaying motion pictures. Many other terms exist for a motion picture, including picture, picture show, moving picture, photoplay. The most common term in the United States is movie, while in Europe film is preferred. Terms for the field, in general, include the big screen, the screen, the movies, and cinema. In early years, the sheet was sometimes used instead of screen. Preceding film in origin by thousands of years, early plays and dances had elements common to film, scripts, sets, costumes, production, direction, actors, audiences, storyboards, much terminology later used in film theory and criticism apply, such as mise en scène. Owing to the lack of any technology for doing so, the moving images, the magic lantern, probably created by Christiaan Huygens in the 1650s, could be used to project animation, which was achieved by various types of mechanical slides
8.
Stage (theatre)
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In theatre and performing arts, the stage is a designated space for the performance of productions. The stage serves as a space for actors or performers and a point for the members of the audience. As an architectural feature, the stage may consist of a platform or series of platforms, in some cases, these may be temporary or adjustable but in theaters and other buildings devoted to such productions, the stage is often a permanent feature. There are several types of stages that vary as to the usage, the most common form found in the West is the proscenium stage. In this type, the audience is located on one side of the stage with the remaining sides hidden and used by the performers and technicians. Thrust stages may be similar to proscenium stages but with a platform or performance area that extends into the space so that the audience is located on three sides. In theatre in the round, the audience is located on all four sides of the stage, the fourth type of stage incorporates created and found stages which may be constructed specifically for a performance or may involve a space that is adapted as a stage. Since the Italian Renaissance, the most common used in the West has been the proscenium stage which may also be referred to as a picture frame stage. The primary feature is an opening known as the proscenium arch through which the audience views the performance. The audience directly faces the stage—which is typically raised several feet above front row audience level—and views only one side of the scene and this one side is commonly known as the invisible fourth wall of the scene. The proscenium arch evolved from the proskenium in Ancient Greek theaters and this was the space in front of the skênê or backdrop where the actors actually played. Stage floors were raked upward slightly from front to back in order to contribute to the illusion and also to make actors more visible to audiences. Subsequently, audience seating was raked, and balconies were added to give audiences a fuller view, by the end of the 19th century most stages had level floors, and much of the audience looked down on, rather than up to, the stage. The competition among royals to produce elegant and elaborate entertainments fueled and financed the expansion of European court theatres, the proscenium—which often was extremely decorative in the manner of a triumphal arch—framed the prospective picture. A wood grid above the stage supported pulleys from which wooden battens, the weight of heavy pieces was counterbalanced by sandbags. This system required the creation of a stage house or loft that was usually as high or higher than the proscenium itself. Theatres using these systems, which are manually operated by stage hands, are known as hemp houses. They have been supplanted by counterweight fly systems
9.
Television
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Television or TV is a telecommunication medium used for transmitting moving images in monochrome, or in color, and in two or three dimensions and sound. The term can refer to a set, a television program. Television is a medium for entertainment, education, news, politics, gossip. Television became available in experimental forms in the late 1920s. After World War II, a form of black-and-white TV broadcasting became popular in the United States and Britain, and television sets became commonplace in homes, businesses. During the 1950s, television was the medium for influencing public opinion. In the mid-1960s, color broadcasting was introduced in the US, for many reasons, the storage of television and video programming now occurs on the cloud. At the end of the first decade of the 2000s, digital television transmissions greatly increased in popularity, another development was the move from standard-definition television to high-definition television, which provides a resolution that is substantially higher. HDTV may be transmitted in various formats, 1080p, 1080i, in 2013, 79% of the worlds households owned a television set. Most TV sets sold in the 2000s were flat-panel, mainly LEDs, major manufacturers announced the discontinuation of CRT, DLP, plasma, and even fluorescent-backlit LCDs by the mid-2010s. In the near future, LEDs are gradually expected to be replaced by OLEDs, also, major manufacturers have announced that they will increasingly produce smart TVs in the mid-2010s. Smart TVs with integrated Internet and Web 2.0 functions became the dominant form of television by the late 2010s, Television signals were initially distributed only as terrestrial television using high-powered radio-frequency transmitters to broadcast the signal to individual television receivers. Alternatively television signals are distributed by cable or optical fiber, satellite systems and. Until the early 2000s, these were transmitted as analog signals, a standard television set is composed of multiple internal electronic circuits, including a tuner for receiving and decoding broadcast signals. A visual display device which lacks a tuner is correctly called a video monitor rather than a television, the word television comes from Ancient Greek τῆλε, meaning far, and Latin visio, meaning sight. The Anglicised version of the term is first attested in 1907 and it was. formed in English or borrowed from French télévision. In the 19th century and early 20th century, other. proposals for the name of a technology for sending pictures over distance were telephote. The abbreviation TV is from 1948, the use of the term to mean a television set dates from 1941
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White Plains High School
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White Plains Senior High School is the main high school in the White Plains Public Schools system of White Plains, New York, United States. It was selected by the U. S. Department of Education as a School of Excellence in 1986-87, the schools code of conduct, and its state accountability report are available online. The student body is 52.1 percent Hispanic,23.1 percent White,21.7 percent Black, and three percent Asian. Yearbook, The Oracle Newspaper, The Orange Literary Magazine, The Roar The Jiggy Showcase is a showcase that displays the diverse cultural roots of White Plains High School students. Various dancing styles, songs, and outfits are represented by performers, the showcase was named after the Will Smith song, Getting Jiggy With It. In May 2016, the school put on its last. The Songwriters Showcase exhibits students singing, and songwriting talents which are performed for a public audience, the showcase became a biannual event in 2000. The school makes available for its students two gymnasiums, a room, a track field and football field, a soccer field, baseball and softball fields, tennis courts. White Plains football team won the Section 1 class AA title in 2013 for the first time in 34 years, the school has an impressive theater department which typically puts on three plays and one musical each year. The plays are performed in the Little Theater, while the musicals are performed in the auditorium, arthur Monk - Professional football hall-of-fame wide receiver. Jay Saldi - NFL tight end and Super Bowl Champion David E. Scenes from the film Win Win, starring Paul Giamatti, were shot at the high school in March 2010
11.
Cornell University
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Cornell University is an American private Ivy League and land-grant doctoral university located in Ithaca, New York. These ideals, unconventional for the time, are captured in Cornells motto, the university also administers two satellite medical campuses, one in New York City and one in Education City, Qatar. Cornell is one of three private land grant universities in the nation and the one in New York. Of its seven colleges, three are state-supported statutory or contract colleges through the State University of New York system, including its agricultural. Of Cornells graduate schools, only the college is state-supported. As a land grant college, Cornell operates a cooperative extension program in every county of New York. The Cornell University Ithaca Campus comprises 745 acres, but is larger when the Cornell Botanic Gardens are considered. Since its founding, Cornell has been a co-educational, non-sectarian institution where admission has not been restricted by religion or race, the student body consists of more than 14,000 undergraduate and 7,000 graduate students from all 50 American states and more than 120 countries. Cornell University was founded on April 27,1865, the New York State Senate authorized the university as the land grant institution. Senator Ezra Cornell offered his farm in Ithaca, New York, as a site, fellow senator and experienced educator Andrew Dickson White agreed to be the first president. During the next three years, White oversaw the construction of the first two buildings and traveled to attract students and faculty, the university was inaugurated on October 7,1868, and 412 men were enrolled the next day. Cornell developed as an innovative institution, applying its research to its own campus as well as to outreach efforts. For example, in 1883 it was one of the first university campuses to use electricity from a dynamo to light the grounds. Cornell has had active alumni since its earliest classes and it was one of the first universities to include alumni-elected representatives on its Board of Trustees. Today the university has more than 4,000 courses, since 2000, Cornell has been expanding its international programs. In 2004, the university opened the Weill Cornell Medical College in Qatar and it has partnerships with institutions in India, Singapore, and the Peoples Republic of China. Former president Jeffrey S. Lehman described the university, with its international profile. On March 9,2004, Cornell and Stanford University laid the cornerstone for a new Bridging the Rift Center to be built, Cornells main campus is on East Hill in Ithaca, New York, overlooking the town and Cayuga Lake
12.
Sphinx Head
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The Sphinx Head Society is the oldest senior honor society at Cornell University. Sphinx Head recognizes Cornell senior men and women who have demonstrated respectable strength of character on top of a dedication to leadership, in 1929 The New York Times held that election into Sphinx Head and similar societies constituted the highest non-scholastic honor within reach of undergraduates. Sphinx Head was founded on October 11,1890 by a group of ten men from the senior class, the Society was founded in order to create and maintain a stronger feeling for Cornell University and to promote a closer and stronger friendship among members of the Senior class. White encouraged the formation of a secret society system on the Cornell campus, in 1926, the society built a clubhouse for itself designed to resemble an Egyptian tomb perched halfway down the cliff on the Fall Creek gorge. It sold the building in 1969, and it became the home. Each year, Sphinx Head taps fewer than forty men and women of the class for membership. Since the Societys founding, membership has been reserved for the most respected members of the senior class, the names of newly tapped Sphinx Heads were published in The New York Times through the 1930s, but are now published exclusively in The Cornell Daily Sun. Sphinx Head has retained an aura of mystery throughout its history on campus, holding some closely guarded secrets, although membership in Sphinx Head is public, the proceedings of the Society remain concealed. Numerous members are also profiled in The 100 Most Notable Cornellians, 1890–1899 Louis A. Fuertes, Ornithologist, Renowned bird artist. Maxwell M. Upson, Namesake of Upson Hall on the Engineering Quad of the Cornell campus, Cornell University Trustee for over 35 years, former President of Raymond International Inc. 1900–1909 Neal D. Becker, Chairman of the Cornell University Board of Trustees, Member of the Council on Foreign Relations, john Carpenter, Olympic Athlete in the 400 meter race at the 1908 Olympic Games. Frederick D. Colson, Deputy Attorney General of New York State, second President of the Coors Brewing Company. Charles M. French, Olympic athlete in the 800m race in the 1908 Olympic Games, munson, Gold medalist in the 4 mile team race track & field event at the 1904 Olympic Games. John L. Senior, First Graduate Manager of Athletics for Cornell University, organized the first Spring Day, richmond H. Shreve, Architect who led the construction of the Empire State Building with his firm Shreve, Lamb and Harmon. Olympic lacrosse coach, Inducted into the National Lacrosse Hall of Fame in 1992, william J. Warner, Inducted into the College Football Hall of Fame in 1971. 1910–1919 Tell S. Berna, Gold medalist in the 3000m team track & field event at the 1912 Olympic Games, Gold medalist in the pole vault track & field event at the 1908 Olympic Games. Dresser, Gold medalist in the 3000 meter track & field event at the 1920 Olympic Games, john Jack E. OHearn, Inducted into the College Football Hall of Fame in 1972. Murray N. Shelton, Inducted into the College Football Hall of Fame in 1973, elbert P. Tuttle, Chief judge in the U. S. Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit in Atlanta, Georgia, Recipient of the Presidential Medal of Freedom in 1981
13.
Franchot Tone
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Stanislaus Pascal Franchot Tone, known as Franchot Tone, was an American stage, film, and television actor. He was the star of many films and television series throughout his career, such as Bonanza, Wagon Train, The Twilight Zone, The Alfred Hitchcock Hour. He is perhaps best known for his role as Midshipman Roger Byam in Mutiny on the Bounty, starring alongside Clark Gable and his maternal great-grandfather was congressman Richard Franchot. Tone was a distant relative of Wolfe Tone, his great grandfather John Tone was a first cousin of Peter Tone. Tone was of French Canadian, Irish, and English ancestry, through his ancestor, the nobleman Gilbert BasqueHomme, he was of French Basque descent. Tone was educated at The Hill School, where he was dismissed “for being an influence for disorder throughout the fall term. ”He then entered Cornell University. He also joined Alpha Delta Phi fraternity and he gave up the family business to pursue an acting career in the theatre. After graduating, he moved to Greenwich Village, New York, the following year, he joined the Theatre Guild and played Curly in their production of Green Grow the Lilacs. Strasberg had been a castmate of Tones in Green Grow the Lilacs and these were intense and productive years for him, among the productions of the Group he acted in were 1931 and Success Story. The same year, however, Tone was the first of the Group to turn his back on the theatre, in his memoir on the Group Theatre, The Fervent Years, Harold Clurman recalls Tone as the most confrontational and egocentric of the group in the beginning. Nevertheless, he always considered cinema far inferior to the theatre and he often sent financial support to the Group Theatre, which often needed it. He eventually returned to stage work after the 1940s. Tone summered at Pine Brook Country Club, located in the countryside of Nichols, Connecticut, Tones screen debut was in the 1932 movie The Wiser Sex. In 1935, he starred in Mutiny on the Bounty, The Lives of a Bengal Lancer, Tone worked steadily through the 1940s, but he often played second leads or love interests in films that focused on a major female star. He played the lead in the 1940 Western comedy Trail of the Vigilantes featuring Warren William, Broderick Crawford. Tones tour de force role as a manic depressive sociopath included performing many of his own stunts on the Paris landmark, in the 1950s, facing subtle blacklisting in Hollywood, he found parts in New York City-based live television, including the original production of Twelve Angry Men. He also returned to Broadway, notably appearing in A Moon for the Misbegotten with Wendy Hiller in 1957, also that year he co-produced, co-directed, and starred in an adaptation of Chekhovs Uncle Vanya, which was filmed concurrently with an off-Broadway revival. He also co-starred in the Ben Casey medical series from 1965 to 1966 as Caseys supervisor, on film, he received acclaim as the charismatic, dying president in Otto Premingers 1962 film version of Advise & Consent
14.
Broadway theatre
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Along with Londons West End theatres, Broadway theatres are widely considered to represent the highest level of commercial theatre in the English-speaking world. The Theater District is a popular tourist attraction in New York City, the great majority of Broadway shows are musicals. They presented Shakespeare plays and ballad operas such as The Beggars Opera, in 1752, William Hallam sent a company of twelve actors from Britain to the colonies with his brother Lewis as their manager. They established a theatre in Williamsburg, Virginia and opened with The Merchant of Venice, the company moved to New York in the summer of 1753, performing ballad operas and ballad-farces like Damon and Phillida. The Revolutionary War suspended theatre in New York, but thereafter theatre resumed in 1798, the Bowery Theatre opened in 1826, followed by others. Blackface minstrel shows, a distinctly American form of entertainment, became popular in the 1830s, by the 1840s, P. T. Barnum was operating an entertainment complex in lower Manhattan. In 1829, at Broadway and Prince Street, Niblos Garden opened, the 3, 000-seat theatre presented all sorts of musical and non-musical entertainments. In 1844, Palmos Opera House opened and presented opera for four seasons before bankruptcy led to its rebranding as a venue for plays under the name Burtons Theatre. The Astor Opera House opened in 1847, booth played the role for a famous 100 consecutive performances at the Winter Garden Theatre in 1865, and would later revive the role at his own Booths Theatre. Other renowned Shakespeareans who appeared in New York in this era were Henry Irving, Tommaso Salvini, Fanny Davenport, lydia Thompson came to America in 1868 heading a small theatrical troupe, adapting popular English burlesques for middle-class New York audiences. Thompsons troupe called the British Blondes, was the most popular entertainment in New York during the 1868–1869 theatrical season, the six-month tour ran for almost six extremely profitable years. Theatre in New York moved from downtown gradually to midtown beginning around 1850, in 1870, the heart of Broadway was in Union Square, and by the end of the century, many theatres were near Madison Square. Broadways first long-run musical was a 50-performance hit called The Elves in 1857, New York runs continued to lag far behind those in London, but Laura Keenes musical burletta The Seven Sisters shattered previous New York records with a run of 253 performances. It was at a performance by Keenes troupe of Our American Cousin in Washington, the production was a staggering five-and-a-half hours long, but despite its length, it ran for a record-breaking 474 performances. The same year, The Black Domino/Between You, Me and the Post was the first show to call itself a musical comedy, Tony Pastor opened the first vaudeville theatre one block east of Union Square in 1881, where Lillian Russell performed. Comedians Edward Harrigan and Tony Hart produced and starred in musicals on Broadway between 1878 and 1890, with book and lyrics by Harrigan and music by his father-in-law David Braham. They starred high quality singers, instead of the women of repute who had starred in earlier musical forms. Plays could run longer and still draw in the audiences, leading to better profits, as in England, during the latter half of the century, the theatre began to be cleaned up, with less prostitution hindering the attendance of the theatre by women
15.
Dead End (1937 film)
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Dead End is a 1937 crime drama film directed by William Wyler. It is an adaptation of the Sidney Kingsley 1935 Broadway play of the same name and it stars Humphrey Bogart, Joel McCrea, and Sylvia Sidney. It is notable as being the first film appearance of the Dead End Kids, in the filthy slums of New York, wealthy people have built luxury apartments there because of the view of the picturesque East River. While they live in opulence, the destitute and dirt poor live nearby in crowded, at the end of the street is a dock on the East River, to the left are the luxury apartments and to the right are the slums. The Dead End Kids, led by Tommy Gordon, are a petty gang of street urchins who are already well onto a path to a life of crime. Members of the gang besides Tommy include, Dippy, Angel, Spit, T. B. and Milty, Spit is a bit malicious with a cruel streak and initially bullies the newcomer and takes his pocket change. However, Tommy eventually lets Milty join the gang, and he turns out to be both a loyal and generous friend, Dave Connell, raised on the same street as Martin, recognizes him and warns him to stay away, but Martin contemptuously ignores him. Dave, an architect who currently works odd jobs, is Drinas childhood friend. He is having an affair with a mans mistress, Kay Burton. Although Dave and Kay love each other, they know they cant be together because Dave cannot provide Kay with the kind of lifestyle she desires, meanwhile, the kids lure Philip, a rich kid from the apartments, into a cellar where they beat and rob him. When the boys father tries to intervene, Tommy winds up stabbing him in the arm and he escapes the police and goes into hiding. Martin is subsequently rejected by his mother, who denounces him as a murderer, and repulsed by his ex-girlfriend, Francie, despondent over the failed visit, he decides to kidnap the rich child for ransom to make the trip back worthwhile. Dave sees Martin and his accomplices planning the kidnapping and again warns him to leave, Martin knifes him and Hunk pushes him into the river. Managing to pull out of the river, Dave pursues the hoodlums, knocking out Hank. Among a hail of bullets, he manages to kill Martin who falls onto the street below. As the police and a crowd of people gather around Martins body, Spit exonerates himself by informing the police that the man was cut by Tommy, who has returned to say goodbye to Drina before running away. Meanwhile, Kay approaches Dave asking him to go away with her, Dave refuses, and Kay returns to the man whom she doesnt love, but can provide her with financial security. Tommy hears of Spits betrayal and tries to him the mark of the squealer
16.
The Little Foxes
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The Little Foxes is a 1939 play by Lillian Hellman, considered a classic of 20th century drama. Set in a town in Alabama in 1900, it focuses on the struggle for control of a family business. Tallulah Bankhead starred in the production as Regina Hubbard Giddens. Hes no businessman, just her financial support, and although hes pliable enough for her ambition, that ambition has driven him into becoming merely the sickly, wheelchair-bound tool of her insatiable greed. Her brother Oscar married Birdie, his alcoholic wife, solely to acquire her familys plantation. Oscar now wants to join forces with his brother, Benjamin and they need an additional $75,000 and approach Regina, asking her to invest in the project. Oscar initially proposes marriage between his son Leo and Reginas daughter Alexandra—first cousins—as a means of getting Horaces money, but Horace and Alexandra are repulsed by the suggestion. Horace refuses when Regina asks him outright for the money, so Leo, when he suffers a heart attack during this chat, she makes no effort to help him. He dies within hours, without knowing his plan and before changing his will. This leaves Regina free to blackmail her brothers by threatening to report Leos theft unless they give her 75% ownership in the cotton mill, the price Regina ultimately pays for her evil deeds is the loss of her daughter Alexandras love and respect. Reginas actions cause Alexandra to finally understand the importance of not idly watching people do evil and she tells Regina she will not watch her be one who eats the earth, and abandons her. Having let her die, alienated her brothers, and driven away her only child, Regina is left wealthy. The fictional Hubbards in the play are drawn from Lillian Hellmans Marx relatives. Hellmans mother was Julia Newhouse of Demopolis, Alabama, Julia Newhouses parents were Leonard Newhouse, a Demopolis wholesale liquor dealer, and Sophie Marx, of a successful Demopolis banking family. According to Hellman, Sophie Marx Newhouse never missed an opportunity to belittle, the discord between the Marx and Hellman families was to later serve as the inspiration for the play. The title The Little Foxes was suggested by Dorothy Parker, in 1946, Hellman wrote Another Part of the Forest, a prequel chronicling the roots of the Hubbard family. Produced and directed by Herman Shumlin, the original Broadway production of The Little Foxes opened February 15,1939 and it ran for 410 performances before its extensive tour of the United States. Tallulah Bankhead won Variety magazines citation as best actress of the year, Lillian Hellman wrote the screenplay for a 1941 film version, a Samuel Goldwyn production directed by William Wyler
17.
None but the Lonely Heart (film)
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None but the Lonely Heart is a 1944 American drama romance film which tells the story of a young Cockney drifter who returns home with no ambitions but finds that his family needs him. Adapted by Clifford Odets from the novel by Richard Llewellyn and directed by Odets, the movie stars Cary Grant, Ethel Barrymore, the title of the film is taken from one of Tchaikovskys best-known songs, which is featured in the background music. Ernie Mott is a restless, irresponsible, wandering Cockney with a musical ear. On Armistice Day, Ernie visits the tomb of the Unknown Warrior in Westminster Abbey, Ernie wants a better life but does not want to settle down or work for it. When he returns home, Ma Mott asks why he has returned after so long and he informs her that he will then be leaving next morning, and goes out to get a drink. He meets fellow musician Aggie Hunter outside the bar, but instead prefers the company of a gangsters fickle former wife, however, when Ernie becomes smitten with Ada she rejects his offer of a date when he tells her he will be leaving town tomorrow. The next morning, Ma Mott tells her friend, Ike Weber. Ma and Ernie get into fight, but after he storms out. Ernie returns and says that he stay with her at home. A month passes, and Ernie continues to pursue Ada, however, when gangster Jim Mordinoy informs him that shes still his wife, Ernie doesnt believe Ada when she says thats a lie and he cuts her off socially. Ernie begins to notice the poverty surrounding him in London, and chooses to accept Mordinoys offer to join his activities, Ernie begins to steal cars, and he is involved in a police chase until his car collides with a truck and explodes into flames. Ada implores him to run away with her, but he not want to leave his dying mother. She begs for forgiveness for shaming the family, and dies in prison hospital, when he returns home, he learns via a letter from Ada that she decided to stay with Mordinoy because that would make her life easier. Ernie is crushed, and walks along the street until he gets to Aggies door and walks in. None but the Lonely Heart and 1935s Sylvia Scarlett were the two films in which Cary Grant used a Cockney accent, though that was not his original accent. RKO Pictures head Charles Koerner bought Richard Llewllyns book as a vehicle for Cary Grant. Koerner also suggested that playwright Clifford Odets direct the picture and this was the first feature film that Odets directed, and he would direct only one other picture in his career, the 1959 film The Story On Page One. To secure Ethel Barrymores availability to complete her scenes, RKO had to pay all the expenses incurred by temporarily closing the play The Corn Is Green, in which she was starring on Broadway
18.
Film noir
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Film noir is a cinematic term used primarily to describe stylish Hollywood crime dramas, particularly such that emphasize cynical attitudes and sexual motivations. Hollywoods classical film noir period is regarded as extending from the early 1940s to the late 1950s. Film noir of this era is associated with a low-key black-and-white visual style that has roots in German Expressionist cinematography. Many of the stories and much of the attitude of classic noir derive from the hardboiled school of crime fiction that emerged in the United States during the Great Depression. Cinema historians and critics defined the category retrospectively, before the notion was widely adopted in the 1970s, many of the classic films noir were referred to as melodramas. Whether film noir qualifies as a genre is a matter of ongoing debate among scholars. Although film noir was originally associated with American productions, films now so described have been made around the world, many pictures released from the 1960s onward share attributes with film noir of the classical period, and often treat its conventions self-referentially. Some refer to such works as neo-noir. The clichés of film noir have inspired parody since the mid-1940s, the questions of what defines film noir, and what sort of category it is, provoke continuing debate. They emphasize that not every film noir embodies all five attributes in equal measure—one might be more dreamlike, another, while many critics refer to film noir as a genre itself, others argue that it can be no such thing. Because of the diversity of noir, certain scholars in the field, such as film historian Thomas Schatz, treat it as not a genre but a style. Other critics treat film noir as a mood, characterize it as a series, there is no consensus on the matter. By 1931, Curtiz had already been in Hollywood for half a decade, the Universal horror that comes closest to noir, in story and sensibility is The Invisible Man, directed by Englishman James Whale and photographed by American Arthur Edeson. Edeson later photographed The Maltese Falcon, widely regarded as the first major film noir of the classic era, josef von Sternberg was directing in Hollywood at the same time. Films of his such as Shanghai Express and The Devil Is a Woman, with their hothouse eroticism and baroque visual style, the commercial and critical success of Sternbergs silent Underworld was largely responsible for spurring a trend of Hollywood gangster films. Successful films in that such as Little Caesar, The Public Enemy. An important, possibly influential, cinematic antecedent to classic noir was 1930s French poetic realism, with its romantic, fatalistic attitude, the movements sensibility is mirrored in the Warner Bros. drama I Am a Fugitive from a Chain Gang, a forerunner of noir. Among films not considered films noir, perhaps none had an effect on the development of the genre than Citizen Kane
19.
Scarlet Street
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Scarlet Street is a 1945 film noir directed by Fritz Lang. The screenplay concerns two criminals who take advantage of a painter in order to steal his artwork. The principal actors Edward G. Robinson, Joan Bennett and Dan Duryea had earlier appeared together in The Woman in the Window also directed by Fritz Lang, local authorities in three cities banned Scarlet Street early in 1946 because of its dark plot and themes. In 1934, Christopher Chris Cross, an amateur painter and cashier for clothing retailer. Hogarth & Company, is fêted by his employer, honoring him for years of service since 1909. Company head Hogarth presents him with a watch and kind words, then leaves, Chris muses to an associate that he wonders what it is like to be loved by a young girl. Walking home through Greenwich Village, he helps Kitty, a woman who is being attacked by a man. Chris, unaware that the attacker was Johnny, Kittys boyfriend and she accepts his offer for a cup of coffee at a nearby bar. From Chriss comments about art, Kitty believes him to be a wealthy painter and he is in a loveless marriage, tormented by his shrewish wife Adele who idolizes her former husband, a policeman who drowned while trying to rescue a woman. After Chris confesses that he is married, Johnny convinces Kitty to pursue a relationship in order to extort money from Chris, Kitty inveigles him to rent an apartment for her, one that can also be his art studio. To finance an apartment, Chris steals $500 in insurance bonds from his wife, unknown to Chris, Johnny unsuccessfully tries selling some of Chriss paintings, attracting the interest of art critic David Janeway. Kitty is maneuvered by Johnny into pretending that she painted them, charming the critic with Chriss own descriptions of his art, and Janeway promises to represent her. However, Adele sees her husbands paintings in the window of an art gallery as the work of Katherine March. Chris confronts Kitty, who claims she sold them because she needed the money and he is so delighted that his paintings are appreciated, albeit only under Kittys signature, that he happily lets her become the public face of his art. She becomes a commercial success, although Chris never receives any of the money. Adeles supposedly dead first husband, Higgins, suddenly appears at Chriss office to extort money from him and he explains he had not drowned but had stolen $2,700 from the purse of the suicide he tried to save. Already suspected as corrupt for taking bribes from speakeasies, he had taken the opportunity to escape his crimes, believing he can now marry Kitty, Chris goes to see her, but finds out that Kitty has cheated on him. He later confronts Kitty, but still asks her to him, she scorns him for being old
20.
The Woman in the Window
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The Woman in the Window is a 1944 film noir directed by Fritz Lang that tells the story of psychology professor Richard Wanley who meets and becomes enamored of a young femme fatale. Based on J. H. Wallis novel Once Off Guard, director Fritz Lang substituted the films dream ending in place of the originally scripted suicide ending, to conform with the moralistic Production Code of the time. The term film noir originated as a description, in part. After criminology professor Richard Wanley sends his wife and two children off on vacation, he goes to his club to meet friends, next door, Wanley sees a striking oil portrait of Alice Reed in a storefront window. He and his friends talk about the painting and its subject. Wanley stays at the club and reads Song of Songs, when he leaves, Wanley stops at the portrait and meets Reed, who is standing near the painting watching people watch it. Reed convinces Wanley to join her for drinks, later, they go to Reeds home, but an unexpected visit from her rich lover Claude Mazard leads to a fight in which Wanley kills Mazard. Wanley and Reed conspire to cover up the murder, and Wanley disposes Mazards body in the country, however, Wanley leaves many clues, and there are a number of witnesses. One of Wanleys friends from the club, district attorney Frank Lalor has knowledge of the investigation, and Wanley is invited back to the scene, as Lalors friend. There are several dialogues in which Wanley appears to know more about the murder than he should. As the police gather evidence, Reed is blackmailed by Heidt. Reed attempts to poison Heidt with an overdose when he returns the next day. Reed tells Wanley, who overdoses on the prescription medicine. Heidt is killed in a shootout immediately after leaving Reeds home, Reed, seeing that the police have killed Heidt, races to her home to call Wanley, who is slumped over in his chair, and apparently he dies. In an impossible match on action, Wanley awakens in his chair at his club, as he steps out on the street in front of the painting, a woman asks Wanley for a light. He adamantly refuses and runs down the street, Edward G. Robinson as Professor Richard Wanley Joan Bennett as Alice Reed Raymond Massey as Dist. The two films share the same cinematographer - Milton R. Krasner - and several supporting actors. When the film was released, the staff at Variety magazine lauded the film and wrote, Nunnally Johnson whips up a strong, the producer, who also prepared the screenplay, continually punches across the suspense for constant and maximum audience reaction
21.
Criss Cross (1949 movie)
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Criss Cross is a 1949 American crime film noir directed by Robert Siodmak starring Burt Lancaster, Yvonne De Carlo and Dan Duryea. From Don Tracys novel of the same name and this black-and-white film was shot partly on location in the Bunker Hill section of Los Angeles. The film was written by Daniel Fuchs, franz Planers cinematography creates a black-and-white film noir world. Miklós Rózsa scored the films soundtrack and it was remade as The Underneath in 1995. She encourages their affair but then quickly marries mobster Slim Dundee, to deflect suspicion of the affair, Steve Thompson leads Dundee into a daylight armored-truck robbery, only to be criss crossed when the crime is pulled off. Criss Cross features the debut of Tony Curtis. Curtis plays De Carlos dance partner in a key scene at the Round-Up Bar, once the dance ends, he disappears from both scene and film. Curtis was chosen by the director after many young hopefuls had auditioned for the part, the song Curtis and De Carlo dance to is called Jungle Fantasy and is performed by Esy Morales and his Rhumba Band, who also makes a cameo appearance in this scene. Curtis would later go on to co-star with Lancaster in Trapeze, the production nearly derailed when producer Mark Hellinger died suddenly before filming began. Lancaster claimed he was unhappy with the way Siodmak and Fuchs had reworked Hellingers idea of a racetrack heist into a romantic triangle. Like many films noir, Criss Cross was shot around downtown Los Angeles, lancasters character lives with his mother at a house on Hill Street, just above the north entrance of the short Hill Street Tunnel. The tunnel and the hill above it were razed in 1955 for expansion of the Civic Center and a new Los Angeles County Courthouse on Hill Street and this area of Bunker Hill was a favorite of noir directors, and unfortunately it was all torn down in the 1960s. There is also a scene inside and outside Union Station on Alameda. In many ways Criss Cross is a suspenseful action picture. But it also is tedious and plodding at times, due partly to Mr. Siodmaks indulgence of a script that is verbose, redundant, however, the writers should be credited with having invested the old triangle-gangster formula with a couple of fresh if not exactly revolutionary twists. In 2004, film critic Dennis Schwartz wrote, Robert Siodmak. directs this film noir of obsessive love. Its based on a story by Don Tracy. Siodmak keeps the suspense at a pitch. Criss Cross is one of the examples of 1940s film noir at its most tragic. A must see film for fans of the genre, the review aggregator Rotten Tomatoes reported that 100% of critics gave the film a positive review, based on eight reviews
22.
Too Late for Tears
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Too Late for Tears is a 1949 film noir crime film directed by Byron Haskin and starring Lizabeth Scott, Don DeFore, Dan Duryea and Arthur Kennedy. It tells a story about a woman and ruthless killer who steals a suitcase of $60,000. The screenplay was written by Roy Huggins, developed from a serial he wrote for the Saturday Evening Post, the film was reissued as Killer Bait in 1955. Too Late for Tears has been in the domain for many years and has since gained a cult following. On January 25,2014, a restored 35mm print was premiered by the Film Noir Foundation at Noir City 12 at the Castro Theatre in San Francisco. The film was restored by UCLA Film & Television Archive and the Film Noir Foundation, the restoration combined 35mm dupe negative elements from France with some material from surviving prints. Jane and Alan Palmer are driving to a party in the Hollywood Hills when someone in another car throws a suitcase into the seat of their convertible. They open it and discover packs of cash and they are chased by yet another car but get away. Back at their Hollywood apartment, they examine what Alan estimates to be $100,000 in cash, Jane wants to keep the money, Alan wants to take it to the police. He places the suitcase in a locker at Union Station, hoping he can sway Jane into surrendering it to the police, a few days later, Danny shows up at the Palmers apartment, tells Jane he is a detective and quickly learns she has begun spending the money. Alan likewise becomes upset when he finds she has been running up bills, Jane makes a deal with Danny to split the money. Planning to kill him, she drives Danny up into the hills on the pretense they will retrieve the cash where its been buried and he suspects her intentions and flees. She and Alan plan an evening together to make amends for their squabbling about the money. She asks Danny to meet her at Westlake Park near downtown Los Angeles, Jane feels a pang of guilt, then blurts out that she wants to send the claim check for the locker to the police. Unaware of why his wife is upset, Alan picks up her bag, Jane can tell he knows what she has in mind. She grabs the gun, they struggle and she shoots, killing him, Danny sees the body and fears getting involved in a murder, but Jane threatens to tell the police he killed her husband unless he helps her. After dumping the body in the lake, they leave the park together so as to mislead witnesses into thinking she left with her husband and she reports Alan to the police as a missing person. Don Blake appears at the Palmer apartment, where he discovers Alans sister Kathy leaving surreptitiously, Don introduces himself to her as an old army buddy of Alans on vacation in Los Angeles
23.
Johnny Stool Pigeon
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Johnny Stool Pigeon is a 1949 film noir crime film directed by William Castle starring Howard Duff, Shelley Winters and Dan Duryea. A narcotics agent convinces a convict he helped send to Alcatraz go undercover with him to expose a heroin drug smuggling ring. The unlikely pair travels from San Francisco to Vancouver and finally to a ranch in Tucson which is run by mob bosses. They end up getting help breaking the case from the gang leaders dingy blonde girlfriend, benson The film was known as Contraband and Partners in Crime. Howard Duff, who has had plenty of experience as a gumshoe both on the radio and in films, is appropriately self-effacing, hard and handsome as the intrepid agent, but aside from a few variations their crime and punishment adventures are cast in a familiar mold
24.
Western (genre)
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Cowboys and gunslingers typically wear Stetson hats, bandannas, spurs, cowboy boots and buckskins. Other characters include Native Americans, bandits, lawmen, bounty hunters, outlaws, mounted cavalry, settlers, Westerns often stress the harshness of the wilderness and frequently set the action in an arid, desolate landscape of deserts and mountains. Often, the vast landscape plays an important role, presenting a. mythic vision of the plains, specific settings include ranches, small frontier towns, saloons, railways and isolated military forts of the Wild West. Many Westerns use a plot of depicting a crime, then showing the pursuit of the wrongdoer, ending in revenge and retribution. The Western was the most popular Hollywood genre, from the early 20th century to the 1960s, Western films first became well-attended in the 1930s. John Fords landmark Western adventure Stagecoach became one of the biggest hits in 1939, Westerns were very popular throughout the 1950s and 1960s. Many of the most acclaimed Westerns were released during this time – including High Noon, Shane, The Searchers, the Western depicts a society organized around codes of honor and personal, direct or private justice–frontier justice–dispensed by gunfights. These honor codes are played out through depictions of feuds or individuals seeking personal revenge or retribution against someone who has wronged them. The popular perception of the Western is a story that centers on the life of a semi-nomadic wanderer, a showdown or duel at high noon featuring two or more gunfighters is a stereotypical scene in the popular conception of Westerns. In some ways, such protagonists may be considered the descendants of the knight errant which stood at the center of earlier extensive genres such as the Arthurian Romances. And like knights errant, the heroes of Westerns frequently rescue damsels in distress, similarly, the wandering protagonists of Westerns share many characteristics with the ronin in modern Japanese culture. The Western typically takes these elements and uses them to tell simple morality tales, Westerns often stress the harshness and isolation of the wilderness and frequently set the action in an arid, desolate landscape. Apart from the wilderness, it is usually the saloon that emphasizes that this is the Wild West, it is the place to go for music, women, gambling, drinking, brawling and shooting. The American Film Institute defines western films as those set in the American West that embodies the spirit, the struggle, the term Western, used to describe a narrative film genre, appears to have originated with a July 1912 article in Motion Picture World Magazine. Most of the characteristics of Western films were part of 19th century popular Western fiction and were firmly in place before film became an art form. Protagonists ride between dusty towns and cattle ranches on their trusty steeds, Western films were enormously popular in the silent film era. With the advent of sound in 1927-28, the major Hollywood studios rapidly abandoned Westerns, leaving the genre to smaller studios and these smaller organizations churned out countless low-budget features and serials in the 1930s. Released through United Artists, Stagecoach made John Wayne a mainstream star in the wake of a decade of headlining B westerns
25.
Black Bart (film)
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Black Bart is a 1948 film starring Dan Duryea as the real-life cowboy bandit Charles Bolles. The 80 minute film was shot in Technicolor, also known as Black Bart, Highwayman. Universal bought it, but when the merged with International. Edmond OBrien was originally cast as the lead but was replaced by Jeffrey Lynn. Black Bart at the Internet Movie Database Black Bart at AllMovie Black Bart at Dan Duryea Central
26.
Black Angel
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Black Angel is a 1946 American crime film noir directed by Roy William Neill starring Dan Duryea, June Vincent and Peter Lorre. Dark City The Lost World of Film Noir, dark City The Film Noir. mcFarland Classics. Black Angel at the Internet Movie Database Black Angel at AllMovie Black Angel at the TCM Movie Database Black Ange film trailer on YouTube
27.
One Way Street
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One Way Street is a 1950 film noir crime film directed by Hugo Fregonese starring James Mason, Märta Torén and Dan Duryea. The crime film takes place mainly in Mexico, Dr. Frank Matson, a physician, steals $200,000 from mob boss John Wheeler henchmen after a robbery Wheeler and henchman Ollie have pulled off. Forced to go on the run, Matson also takes Wheelers girlfriend Laura Thorsen with him, after hiding out in Mexico, word gets back to Matson that Wheeler knows where he is. He and Laura go back to Los Angeles planning to return the money, about to meet the same fate, Matson produces a gun and kills Ollie instead. Laura is waiting for him at a cafe, as they leave, Matson turns to go phone the airline to get away with Laura, but is hit by a car coming down the one-way street. James Mason as Dr. Lewis as Capt. Rodriguez Jeff Chandler was originally announced for the lead, what it all adds up to is a standard romantic melodrama illustrating the facts that crime obviously doesnt pay and that the scenery and people below the border are colorful. Like its title, One Way Street is explicitly obvious and not especially exciting
28.
James Stewart
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James Maitland Stewart, also known as Jimmy Stewart, was an American actor and military officer who is among the most honored and popular stars in film history. A major Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer contract player, Stewart was known for his distinctive drawl and down-to-earth persona, many of the films he starred in have become enduring classics. Stewart was nominated for five Academy Awards, winning one in competition for The Philadelphia Story, in 1999, Stewart was named the third greatest male screen legend of the Golden Age of Hollywood by the American Film Institute, behind Humphrey Bogart and Cary Grant. The American Film Institute has also named five of Stewarts films to its list of the 100 best American films ever made. Stewart was born on May 20,1908, in Indiana, Pennsylvania, the son of Elizabeth Ruth Jackson and Alexander Maitland Stewart, Stewart was mainly of Scottish ancestry and was raised as a Presbyterian. He was descended from veterans of the American Revolution, the War of 1812, the eldest of three children, he was expected to continue his fathers business, which had been in the family for three generations. His mother was an excellent pianist but his father discouraged Stewarts request for lessons, when his father accepted a gift of an accordion from a guest, young Stewart quickly learned to play the instrument, which became a fixture offstage during his acting career. As the family grew, music continued to be an important part of family life, Stewart attended Mercersburg Academy prep school, graduating in 1928. He was active in a variety of activities and he played on the football and track teams, was art editor of the KARUX yearbook, and a member of the choir club, glee club, and John Marshall Literary Society. Over the following two summers, he took a job as an assistant with a professional magician and he made his first appearance onstage at Mercersburg, as Buquet in the play The Wolves. A shy child, Stewart spent much of his time in the basement working on model airplanes, mechanical drawing. However, he abandoned visions of being a pilot when his father insisted that instead of the United States Naval Academy he attend Princeton University, Stewart enrolled at Princeton in 1928 as a member of the class of 1932. His acting and accordion talents at Princeton led him to be invited to the University Players, the company had been organized in 1928 and would run until 1932, with Joshua Logan, Bretaigne Windust and Charles Leatherbee as directors. Stewart performed in bit parts in the Players productions in Cape Cod during the summer of 1932, the troupe had previously included Henry Fonda and Margaret Sullavan. Stewart and Fonda became close friends over the summer of 1932 when they shared an apartment with Joshua Logan, the New Yorker commented, Mr. James Stewarts chauffeur. Comes on for three minutes and walks off to a round of spontaneous applause, the play was a moderate success, but times were hard. Many Broadway theaters had been converted to houses and the Depression was reaching bottom. From 1932 through 1934, Stewart later recalled, Id only worked three months, every play I got into folded
29.
Winchester '73
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Winchester 73 is a 1950 American Western film directed by Anthony Mann starring James Stewart, Shelley Winters, Dan Duryea and Stephen McNally. Written by Borden Chase and Robert L. Richards, the film is about the journey of a rifle from one ill-fated owner to another. The movie features early performances by Rock Hudson as an American Indian, Tony Curtis. The film received a Writers Guild of America Award nomination for Best Written American Western and this is the first Western film collaboration between Anthony Mann and James Stewart. It was filmed in black and white, in 2015, the United States Library of Congress selected the film for preservation in the National Film Registry, finding it culturally, historically, or aesthetically significant. In 1876, Lin McAdam and friend High-Spade Frankie Wilson pursue outlaw Dutch Henry Brown into Dodge City and they arrive just in time to see a man forcing a saloon-hall girl named Lola onto the stage leaving town. Once the man reveals himself to be Sheriff Wyatt Earp Lin backs down, Earp informs the two men that firearms are not allowed in town and they must check them in with Earps brother Virgil. Lin and Dutch Henry see each other in the saloon, but are unable to due to the presence of Earp. Lin enters a competition, contending against Dutch Henry among others. They end up the two finalists for a highly coveted One of One Thousand Winchester 1873 rifle, Lin wins by betting that he can shoot through a stamp placed over the hole of round piece from an Indian necklace. Dutch Henry claims that he is leaving town, but instead goes to Lins room at the boarding house, Dutch and his two cohorts leave town with Lin and High-Spade in hot pursuit. Dutch Henry and his two men ride to Rikers Bar, because they left town in a hurry, they left the rest of their guns behind. This puts them in a bad position because of the Indians in the area, Indian trader Joe Lamont sees the perfect rifle, he raises the price of his guns high enough that Dutch and his men can not afford to buy any. Dutchs only option is to trade the perfect rifle for three hundred dollars in gold and their choice of weapons from the pile that Lamont is going to sell to the Indians, Lamont feigns inexperience at cards and Dutch attempts to win back the perfect rifle. Instead, he ends up losing the three hundred in gold to Lamont, young Bull sees the perfect rifle and wants it. When Lamont refuses to sell, he is robbed and scalped, Lola Manners and her fiance Steve Miller are in a wagon heading to where their new home will be. The left rear wheel of the wagon is squeaking loudly because Steve forgot to grease it back in town, as they are pursued by Indians, the wheel slows the wagon. In a moment of panic, Steve rides away on his horse and they travel with the soldiers to safety with the Army
30.
Thunder Bay (film)
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Thunder Bay is a 1953 American adventure film directed by Anthony Mann and starring James Stewart in their first non-western collaboration. Following World War II, ex-Navy engineer Steve Martin and his friend Johnny Gambi come to Louisiana with dreams of wealth and they build an offshore oil drilling platform with the help of a large company, and find themselves in a lucrative business. However, local fishermen are hostile, feeling their livelihood is at risk. A further complication is the romance between Steve and the daughter of one of the shrimpers. James Stewart as Steve MartinJoanne Dru as Stella RigaudGilbert Roland as Teche BossierDan Duryea as Johnny GambiJay C, some contemporary reviewers complained that the sound, with its use of three speakers, was loud and distracting. He suffered a rib, contusion and bruises, but was able to continue filming after a day or two of rest. The film is available as a standalone on VHS, included in the James Stewart, Screen Legend Collection DVD box set Thunder Bay at Dan Duryea Central Thunder Bay at the Internet Movie Database
31.
Night Passage (film)
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Night Passage is a 1957 Technicolor Western film directed by James Neilson starring James Stewart and Audie Murphy, Dan Duryea, Dianne Foster, Elaine Stewart and Brandon deWilde. This film is reminiscent of the popular western collaborations between Stewart and director Anthony Mann and this is largely because the project was slated to be their sixth collaboration. Mann backed out of the project before production due to other obligations, aaron Rosenberg, who produced many of the Stewart-Mann collaborations, stayed on as producer with new director James Neilson. Dimitri Tiomkin scored the film, and co-wrote the songs Follow the River and You Cant Get Far Without a Railroad with Ned Washington, the film also offered Stewart the rare opportunity to play the accordion, an instrument he had played since childhood. However, his playing was rerecorded by a professional during post-production. The film was the first American production to utilize the Technirama process by Technicolor and this process helped make the blue skies crisper and brighten the autumn footage photographed by cinematographer William H. Daniels. Though not as memorable as other Stewart-Mann films, Night Passage was a success upon its release and has become a staple of cable television. On the way to meet his boss, railroad tycoon Ben Kimball, Grant McLaine rescues a young boy, Joey Adams. Ben informs Grant that his payroll has been robbed three times already by a led by Whitey Harbin and the Utica Kid. If Bens workers dont get paid soon, they all leave the end-of-track work camp. Grant accepts the job of carrying $10,000 to the crew by train. When the train is held up again, Grant hides the money in a shoebox carried by Joey, the ploy works, but the young boy turns out to be friends with the Utica Kid, who takes him along with him. When the robbers cannot find the money, Whitey takes Bens wife Verna to hold for ransom, Concho, a gang member, pistol-whips Grant, tumbling him down the steep embankment unconscious. When Grant wakes up, he trails the gang to a mining camp. He boldly asks to join up, revealing that he is the Kids older brother, Utica is suspicious of his heretofore honest sibling, so Whitey accepts him. Concho tries to shoot Grant unexpectedly, but Grant is faster to the draw, afterwards, he tells the Kid where the money is, in an attempt to reform his brother. The Kid gives Grant ten minutes to leave before he tells the gang, then, railroad employee Will Renner shows up to collect his share of the loot. He recognizes Grant as the man assigned to deliver the payroll, a gunfight ensues, in and out of the barroom
32.
Ride Clear of Diablo
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Ride Clear of Diablo is a 1954 American Technicolor Western film directed by Jesse Hibbs starring Audie Murphy, Dan Duryea, Susan Cabot and Abbe Lane. She and Murphy had appeared in two films together previously, Sheriff Fred and lawyer Tom conspire to have dance hall girl Kate entertain the hired hands of the OMara ranch whilst the Sheriff and the lawyer rustle the OMaras stock. Tom shoots both the father and teenage OMara son to no witnesses. Surviving son Clay, a surveyor in Denver, is informed of their deaths. Clay is talked out of revenge by the town Reverend but Clay makes his own enquiries to the sheriff, when Clay asks the sheriff if he can become his deputy in order to make an investigation, the sheriff at first refuses. Tom advises the sheriff that it would be an idea with Clay sent on a false trail to arrest notorious gunslinger Whitey Kinkaid in the town of Diablo. Kinkaid has no connection with the murders, but the pair plan that Kinkaid will kill the pesky Clay. To everyones surprise Clay outdraws Kinkaid, arrests him, thwarts Kinkaids escape attempts and it is amusing to see how he accepts him finally as an exemplar. Murphy, as Clay, has top billing, showing successive bouts of corruption-busting action aided by his new friend, Kincaid, who ultimately demonstrates hell make the ultimate sacrifice if needs be
33.
36 Hours (1953 film)
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36 Hours, released in the United States as Terror Street, is a 1953 British film noir directed by Montgomery Tully. It was made by Hammer Film Productions, bill Rogers, an American jet pilot, comes to England to find out why he hasnt heard from his wife lately. Upon his arrival, he learns that his wife has been murdered, with only 36 hours at his disposal, Rogers takes it upon himself to track down the actual killer
34.
Storm Fear
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Storm Fear is a 1955 American crime film noir directed by Cornel Wilde, starring himself, Jean Wallace and Dan Duryea. A weak and unhappy man, Fred reluctantly harbors the fugitive and his gang members, time passes and Charlies men are anxious to move on, but he needs rest to recover. He is also still in love with Freds wife Elizabeth, with whom he once had an affair, Elizabeths hired hand Hank is in love with her as well. Fred must endure both situations, plus the taunting and physical abuse of Benjie, more trouble ensues when suspicions arise that Elizabeths son was fathered by Charlie, not her husband. A heavy snow and his bullet wound delay Charlies escape, but when Fred sneaks away to contact the police, Elizabeth is tied up and left behind. Edna breaks a leg in a fall and Charlie cruelly abandons her in the wilderness, Hank comes across Freds frozen corpse. An argument breaks out between Charlie and Benjie along the way, resulting in David picking up a gun and killing Benjie with it, Charlie now has the robbery loot to himself, but Hank turns up and shoots him. Charlie dies without acknowledging for the boy whether he is his real father
35.
The Burglar
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The Burglar is a 1957 crime thriller film noir released by Columbia Pictures, based on the 1953 novel of the same name by David Goodis. The picture stars Dan Duryea in the role and Jayne Mansfield. Equally serious, the trio kills a New Jersey state trooper while on their way to warn her, and among the cops chasing them is one with larceny in his heart and murder on his mind. The Burglar at the Internet Movie Database The Burglar at AllMovie The Burglar at the TCM Movie Database The Burglar at the American Film Institute Catalog
36.
Hedda Hopper
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Hedda Hopper was an American actress and gossip columnist, notorious for feuding with her arch-rival Louella Parsons. She had been a successful actress of stage and screen for years before being offered the chance to write the column Hedda Hoppers Hollywood for the Los Angeles Times in 1938. In the McCarthy era she named suspected Communists, Hopper continued to write gossip till the end, her work appearing in many magazines and later on radio. Hopper was born Elda Furry in Hollidaysburg, Pennsylvania, the daughter of Margaret and David Furry and her siblings included Dora, Sherman, Cameron, Edgar, Frank and Margaret. Her family was of Pennsylvania Dutch descent, the family moved to Altoona when Elda was three. She eventually ran away to New York City and began her career in the chorus on the Broadway stage, Hopper was not successful in this venture, even getting the axe by the renowned Shubert Brothers. Florenz Ziegfeld called the aspiring starlet a clumsy cow and brushed off her pleas for a slot in his lavish Follies, after a few years, she joined the theater company of matinee idol DeWolf Hopper, whom she called Wolfie and would later marry. She remained in the chorus and they toured the country, while in the Hopper company, she realized that chorus and understudy jobs were not acting. She wanted to act, and she knew she would have to prove herself before she could hope to get anywhere in the theater. Hearing that Edgar Selwyn was casting his play The Country Boy for a tour, she went to his office. She was given the role and that show toured for thirty-five weeks through forty-eight states and she studied singing during the summer and, in the fall, toured with The Quaker Girl in the second lead, the prima donna role. In 1913, she became the wife of DeWolf Hopper, whose previous wives were named Ella, Ida, Edna. The similarity in names caused some friction, as he would sometimes call Elda by the name of one of his former wives, consequently, Elda Hopper paid a numerologist $10 to tell her what name she should use, and the answer was Hedda. She began acting in silent movies in 1915 and her motion picture debut was in The Battle of Hearts with William Farnum. She appeared in more than 120 movies over the following twenty-three years, as her movie career waned in the mid-1930s, Hopper looked for other sources of income. In 1937, she was offered the chance of a lifetime and embarked on a career doing something she was adept at. Her gossip column called Hedda Hoppers Hollywood debuted in the Los Angeles Times on February 14,1938, after years of struggling as an actress, she had finally found her niche. She christened the home she purchased in Beverly Hills The House That Fear Built and she maintained a notorious if self-serving rivalry with the longer-established and better-liked Louella Parsons, who had formerly been friendly, sometimes even passing Hopper information
37.
The Flight of the Phoenix (1965 film)
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The Flight of the Phoenix is a 1965 American drama film starring James Stewart, produced and directed by Robert Aldrich, and based on the 1964 novel The Flight of the Phoenix by Elleston Trevor. The story describes several men struggling to survive their aircrafts emergency landing in the Sahara Desert, the ensemble cast includes Ian Bannen, Ronald Fraser, Christian Marquand, Dan Duryea and George Kennedy as other passengers on the aircraft. Though the film was a failure at the box office, it has gained a cult following. Frank Towns is the pilot of a twin-engine Fairchild C-82 Packet cargo plane flying from Jaghbub to Benghazi in Libya, lew Moran is the navigator while the passengers are Capt. Harris and Sgt. Watson of the British Army, Dr. Renaud, a physician, Heinrich Dorfmann, as the aircraft careens to a stop, several oil drums and oil drilling tools break loose and severely injure Gabriels leg. With all onboard communications equipment rendered inoperable, the survivors are forced to wait to be rescued, although they have a large quantity of dates for food, they calculate their water will last for only ten to fifteen days, provided they avoid physical exertion. Harris and Carlos attempt to walk to an oasis, Carlos leaves his monkey behind with the men. Harris and Towns refuse to let Cobb go along due to his mental health. Days later, Harris returns to the site alone and barely alive. Meanwhile, Dorfmann has been working on an idea, He believes they can build a new aircraft from the wreckage. The C-82 has twin booms extending rearwards from each engine and connected by the horizontal stabilizer, Harris and Moran believe he is either joking or delusional, and the animosity between Towns the veteran pilot and Dorfmann the aircraft designer increases. Post-World War II anti-German sentiment also simmers under the surface, the struggle is complicated by a personality clash between Towns, who is a proud old traditionalist aviator, and Dorfmann, a young, equally-proud technician. Moran, a man suffering from alcoholism, struggles to keep the peace. Although Towns is resistant, Renaud points out that activity and any hope will keep the morale up. Dorfmann supervises as the cut, haul and weld parts of the aircraft. Towns is doubtful that the plans will succeed, during the work, Gabriel commits suicide by slitting his wrist with a knife. The men are so depressed by the loss they contemplate giving up the new planes construction, things seem even bleaker when Towns discovers that Dorfmann has taken extra rations of water. His explanation is that he alone has been working continuously, however, Dorfmann promises to not do so again if they all work equally hard
38.
The Hills Run Red (1966 film)
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The Hills Run Red is a 1966 Italian Spaghetti Western film directed by Carlo Lizzani under the pseudonym of Lee W. Beaver. The film stars Thomas Hunter in the lead role, along with veteran American actors Henry Silva. In the aftermath of the American Civil War, two rebel Texans are seen fleeing toward the Mexican border in a wagon, having made off with a sum of money stolen from the United States government. Just before reaching the safety of foreign soil they are intercepted by a U. S. army patrol, ken Seagull wins the draw, jumps off and successfully hides. Jerry Brewster crashes the wagon, is apprehended by the troopers, five years later, Brewster is released and returns home to reunite with his wife and son. Maddened by the betrayal, the unarmed Brewster immediately finds himself under gunfire, Seagull has learned of his release and sent men to get him out of the way once and for all. Running into the barn for cover, Brewster finds a stranger who throws him a weapon with which Brewster kills his attackers. His benefactor, who himself as Winnie Getz, offers to tell Seagull that, while Brewster killed the hired gunmen, Getz himself finished their job. The seemingly homeless Getz says he hopes to parlay that false intelligence into a job with Seagull. Getz goes on ahead, while Brewster follows on his quest for vengeance, Brewster also learns that Seagull killed his wife, but finds his young son alive and living nearby as an orphan. The man called Houston gets a job with Mendez and, with Getzs help, proceeds to play a game wherein he rides with Mendez and his killers. Eventually Brewster, with the help of his son and the surprisingly loyal Getz, confronts and kills Mendez and his men, afterward Getz reveals himself to be a government agent who had been on Seagull/Miltons trail all along. The Hills Run Red at Dan Duryea Central The Hills Run Red at the Internet Movie Database
39.
Five Golden Dragons
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It was directed by Jeremy Summers and starred Bob Cummings in his final feature film, Margaret Lee who sings two songs in the film, Rupert Davies and a cast of guest stars. The film was produced and written by Harry Alan Towers and features his wife Maria Rohm as the leading lady, the Five Golden Dragons are an international criminal gold trafficking secret society syndicate based in Hong Kong. They plan to break up after selling their criminal enterprise to the Mafia for US$50 million, however the members of the group fear the greed of each other in receiving their share of the profits. An American playboy and a two sisters involved in the action. The film originally planned to feature George Sanders and Basil Rathbone as two of the Dragons, Cummings met his fourth wife Regina Fong who was a script girl on the film The film was the first of three films Jeremy Summers directed for Harry Alan Towers. Christopher Lee filmography Five Golden Dragons at the Internet Movie Database Five Golden Dragons at British Film Institute Five Golden Dragons at AllMovie Five Golden Dragons at TV Guide
40.
Taggart
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The team operated out of the fictional John Street police station. Taggart was one of the UKs longest-running television dramas and the police drama after the cancellation of The Bill. Mark McManus, who played the title character Jim Taggart, died in 1994, however, the series theme music is No Mean City sung by Maggie Bell. His original sidekick was Detective Sergeant Peter Livingstone, Livingstone represented the new breed of young graduates entering the police force, and frequently had a difficult relationship with Taggart as a result. Taggarts boss in the pilot was Superintendent Robert Murray, known as The Mint after the well-known sweet, the most memorable of these was the Taggarts ongoing care of Jeans senile Aunt Hettie, whom Jim despises and begrudges staying in his house. This sub-plot ran through 1990-91, until the Hettie character was killed off in the 1991 season finale. In 1987 the character of Mike Jardine was introduced, Neil Duncan also left the series in 1987 and in 1990 a new female sidekick, McManus died in 1994, in the middle of filming an episode. His absence was explained by the claim that Taggart was in constant meetings with the Chief Constable, in 1995 the episode Black Orchid opened with Taggarts funeral. Despite the death of the character, the series continued with the same title. Jardine was promoted to Detective Inspector and DC Stuart Fraser was introduced, becoming the long-suffering sidekick to Jardine, Fraser was later revealed to be gay. DI Robbie Ross joined the team in 1998, when MacPherson left the series in 2002 his character was killed off and replaced with DCI Matt Burke, formerly of Special Branch. Much was made of the relationship between Jardine and Reid. The two were shown to share a brother/sister-like bond, both pursued a number of relationships with other characters over the years. Reid even got married, but later separated from her husband, after filming was completed on series 26, in December 2009, Colin McCredie was informed that he and his character would not be returning for filming of the next series. STV announced in November 2009 that it would produce new episodes of Taggart for broadcast in 2010, in February 2010 it was announced that ITV and STV had put their wider commercial differences to one side to make a new series, which Scottish viewers got to see first. The two broadcasters co-commissioned a six-part series of the show, and the pay-TV broadcaster UKTV also invested in return for repeat rights, New episodes of Taggart debuted on STV in autumn 2010 before being broadcast on ITV across the rest of the UK in 2011. UKTVs Alibi digital channel showed the episodes in 2013, online catch-up of the new series was not available to users of STV Player until the show had been broadcast on ITV/UTV. The format of the show changed over the years, originally the show ran with three one-hour episodes to each story, with occasional exceptions
41.
Television program
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It may be a single production, or more commonly, a series of related productions. A limited number of episodes of a show may be called a miniseries or a serial or limited series. Television series are without a fixed length and are divided into seasons or series. While there is no defined length, U. S. industry practice has traditionally favored longer television seasons than those of other countries, a one-time broadcast may be called a special, or particularly in the UK a special episode. A television film is a film that is initially broadcast on television rather than released in theaters or direct-to-video, a program can be either recorded, as on video tape, other various electronic media forms, played with an on-demand player or viewed on live television. Television programs may be fictional, or non-fictional and it may be topical, or historical. They could be primarily instructional or educational, or entertaining as is the case in situation comedy, a drama program usually features a set of actors playing characters in a historical or contemporary setting. The program follows their lives and adventures, except for soap opera-type serials, many shows especially before the 1980s, remained static without story arcs, and the main characters and premise changed little. If some change happened to the characters lives during the episode, because of this, the episodes could be broadcast in any order. Since the 1980s, there are series that feature progressive change to the plot. For instance, Hill Street Blues and St. Elsewhere were two of the first American prime time television series to have this kind of dramatic structure. While the later series, Babylon 5 is an example of such production that had a predetermined story running over its intended five-season run. In 2012, it was reported that television was growing into a component of major media companies revenues than film. Some also noted the increase in quality of television programs. When a person or company decides to create a new series, they develop the elements, consisting of the concept, the characters, the crew. Then they offer it to the networks in an attempt to find one interested enough to order a prototype first episode of the series. They want very much to get the word out on what types of shows they’re looking for, to create the pilot, the structure and team of the whole series must be put together. If the network likes the pilot, they pick up the show to air it the next season, sometimes they save it for mid-season, or request rewrites and further review
42.
The Jack Benny Program
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The Jack Benny Program, starring Jack Benny, is a radio-TV comedy series that ran for more than three decades and is generally regarded as a high-water mark in 20th-century American comedy. Protagonist of the show, Benny is a comic, vain, penny-pinching miser, insisting on remaining 39 years old on stage despite his actual age, Eddie Anderson - Rochester Van Jones, Jacks valet and chauffeur. Early in the run, he often talked of gambling or going out with women. Later on, he complained about his lack of salary. Don generally opened the show and also did the commercial and he was the target of Jacks jokes, mostly about his weight. Dennis was always in his early 20s no matter how old he actually was and he was sweet but not very bright. When called upon, he could use a variety of accents. He usually sang a song about 10 minutes into the program, if the episode was a flashback to a previous time, a ruse would be used such as Dennis singing his song for Jack so he could hear it before the show. Although Sadie Marks, in life, was Jack Bennys wife, Mary Livingstone was a very sarcastic. Sometimes she was presented as a date, sometimes as a love interest and her role changed from plot to plot and she was never a steady girlfriend for Jack. In one episode, Fred Allen summarized Marys role as a girl to insult, Marks later legally changed her name to Mary Livingstone in response to the characters popularity. Her role on the program was reduced in the 1950s, a skirt-chasing, arrogant, hip-talking bandleader who constantly put Jack down. He referred to Mary as Livvy or Liv, and Jack as Jackson, an on-air joke explains this by saying, Its as close to jackass as I can get without being fired or getting into trouble with a censor. Spun off into The Phil Harris-Alice Faye Show with his wife, Harris left the radio show in 1952 and his character did not make the transition to television. Mel Blanc - Carmichael the Polar Bear, Professor Pierre LeBlanc, Sy the Mexican, Polly, The Maxwell, an occasional running gag went along the lines of how the various characters Mel portrayed all looked alike. He was also the effects of Jacks barely functional Maxwell automobile—a role he played again in the Warner Brothers cartoon The Mouse that Jack Built. Another participating voice actor was Bert Gordon and he was always the person who waits on Jack wherever he was, from the railroad station, to the clerk in the store, to the doorman, to the waiter. Frank always delighted in aggravating Jack, as apparently, he was constantly aggravated by Jacks presence, sheldon Leonard - A racetrack tout who frequently offered unsolicited advice to Benny on a variety of non-racing-related subjects
43.
NBC
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The National Broadcasting Company is an American commercial broadcast television network that is the flagship property of NBCUniversal, a subsidiary of Comcast. The network is part of the Big Three television networks, founded in 1926 by the Radio Corporation of America, NBC is the oldest major broadcast network in the United States. Following the acquisition by GE, Bob Wright served as executive officer of NBC, remaining in that position until his retirement in 2007. In 2003, French media company Vivendi merged its entertainment assets with GE, Comcast purchased a controlling interest in the company in 2011, and acquired General Electrics remaining stake in 2013. Following the Comcast merger, Zucker left NBC Universal and was replaced as CEO by Comcast executive Steve Burke, during a period of early broadcast business consolidation, radio manufacturer Radio Corporation of America acquired New York City radio station WEAF from American Telephone & Telegraph. Westinghouse, a shareholder in RCA, had an outlet in Newark, New Jersey pioneer station WJZ. This station was transferred from Westinghouse to RCA in 1923, WEAF acted as a laboratory for AT&Ts manufacturing and supply outlet Western Electric, whose products included transmitters and antennas. The Bell System, AT&Ts telephone utility, was developing technologies to transmit voice- and music-grade audio over short and long distances, the 1922 creation of WEAF offered a research-and-development center for those activities. WEAF maintained a schedule of radio programs, including some of the first commercially sponsored programs. In an early example of chain or networking broadcasting, the station linked with Outlet Company-owned WJAR in Providence, Rhode Island, AT&T refused outside companies access to its high-quality phone lines. The early effort fared poorly, since the telegraph lines were susceptible to atmospheric. In 1925, AT&T decided that WEAF and its network were incompatible with the companys primary goal of providing a telephone service. AT&T offered to sell the station to RCA in a deal that included the right to lease AT&Ts phone lines for network transmission, the divisions ownership was split among RCA, its founding corporate parent General Electric and Westinghouse. NBC officially started broadcasting on November 15,1926, WEAF and WJZ, the flagships of the two earlier networks, were operated side-by-side for about a year as part of the new NBC. On April 5,1927, NBC expanded to the West Coast with the launch of the NBC Orange Network and this was followed by the debut of the NBC Gold Network, also known as the Pacific Gold Network, on October 18,1931. The Orange Network carried Red Network programming, and the Gold Network carried programming from the Blue Network, initially, the Orange Network recreated Eastern Red Network programming for West Coast stations at KPO in San Francisco. The Orange Network name was removed from use in 1936, at the same time, the Gold Network became part of the Blue Network. In the 1930s, NBC also developed a network for shortwave radio stations, in 1927, NBC moved its operations to 711 Fifth Avenue in Manhattan, occupying the upper floors of a building designed by architect Floyd Brown
44.
Cimarron City (TV series)
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Rich in oil and gold, Cimarron City aspires to become the capital of the future state of Oklahoma, created in 1907. Matthew Rockford is the son of the founder of Cimarron City as well as the mayor, lane Temple, the blacksmith, serves also as the deputy sheriff. He maintains the law amid the crooked schemes concocted in Cimarron City, audrey Totter played Beth Purcell, the owner of the boarding house. The episodes were supposed to rotate equally among Montgomery, Smith, the writers, however, did not give Totter enough of the leads as promised, and she left the series. Cimarron City also featured Dan Blocker in his role as Tiny Carl Budinger. Cimarron City was placed two more successful half-hour western programs on the rival CBS network, Richard Boones Have Gun, Will Travel. On March 6,2012, Timeless Media Group released Cimarron City, new York, Penguin Books ISBN 0-14-024916-8 Brooks, Tim and Marsh, Earle, The Complete Directory to Prime Time Network and Cable TV Shows
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