1.
Chicago
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Chicago, officially the City of Chicago, is the third-most populous city in the United States. With over 2.7 million residents, it is the most populous city in the state of Illinois, and it is the county seat of Cook County. In 2012, Chicago was listed as a global city by the Globalization and World Cities Research Network. Chicago has the third-largest gross metropolitan product in the United States—about $640 billion according to 2015 estimates, the city has one of the worlds largest and most diversified economies with no single industry employing more than 14% of the workforce. In 2016, Chicago hosted over 54 million domestic and international visitors, landmarks in the city include Millennium Park, Navy Pier, the Magnificent Mile, Art Institute of Chicago, Museum Campus, the Willis Tower, Museum of Science and Industry, and Lincoln Park Zoo. Chicagos culture includes the arts, novels, film, theater, especially improvisational comedy. Chicago also has sports teams in each of the major professional leagues. The city has many nicknames, the best-known being the Windy City, the name Chicago is derived from a French rendering of the Native American word shikaakwa, known to botanists as Allium tricoccum, from the Miami-Illinois language. The first known reference to the site of the current city of Chicago as Checagou was by Robert de LaSalle around 1679 in a memoir, henri Joutel, in his journal of 1688, noted that the wild garlic, called chicagoua, grew abundantly in the area. In the mid-18th century, the area was inhabited by a Native American tribe known as the Potawatomi, the first known non-indigenous permanent settler in Chicago was Jean Baptiste Point du Sable. Du Sable was of African and French descent and arrived in the 1780s and he is commonly known as the Founder of Chicago. In 1803, the United States Army built Fort Dearborn, which was destroyed in 1812 in the Battle of Fort Dearborn, the Ottawa, Ojibwe, and Potawatomi tribes had ceded additional land to the United States in the 1816 Treaty of St. Louis. The Potawatomi were forcibly removed from their land after the Treaty of Chicago in 1833, on August 12,1833, the Town of Chicago was organized with a population of about 200. Within seven years it grew to more than 4,000 people, on June 15,1835, the first public land sales began with Edmund Dick Taylor as U. S. The City of Chicago was incorporated on Saturday, March 4,1837, as the site of the Chicago Portage, the city became an important transportation hub between the eastern and western United States. Chicagos first railway, Galena and Chicago Union Railroad, and the Illinois, the canal allowed steamboats and sailing ships on the Great Lakes to connect to the Mississippi River. A flourishing economy brought residents from rural communities and immigrants from abroad, manufacturing and retail and finance sectors became dominant, influencing the American economy. The Chicago Board of Trade listed the first ever standardized exchange traded forward contracts and these issues also helped propel another Illinoisan, Abraham Lincoln, to the national stage
2.
Brian De Palma
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Brian Russell De Palma is an American film director and screenwriter. He is considered part of the New Hollywood wave of filmmaking, in a career spanning over 40 years, he is best known for his suspense, psychological thriller, and crime films. De Palma, who is of Italian ancestry, is the youngest of three boys and was born in Newark, New Jersey to Vivienne and Anthony Federico De Palma, an orthopedic surgeon. He was raised in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania and New Hampshire, and attended various Protestant and Quaker schools, when he was in high school, he built computers. He won a regional science-fair prize for a project titled An Analog Computer to Solve Differential Equations, enrolled at Columbia as a physics student, De Palma became enraptured with the filmmaking process after viewing Citizen Kane and Vertigo. An early association with a young Robert De Niro resulted in The Wedding Party, De Niro was unknown at the time, the credits mistakenly display his name as Robert Denero. The film is noteworthy for its invocation of silent film techniques, De Palma followed this style with various small films for the NAACP and The Treasury Department. In an interview with Gelmis from 1969, De Palma described the film as very good and its distributed by Pathe Contemporary and makes lots of money. I shot it in four hours, with synched sound, I had two other guys shooting peoples reactions to the paintings, and the paintings themselves. Dionysus in 69 was De Palmas other major documentary from this period, the film records The Performance Groups performance of Euripides The Bacchae, starring, amongst others, De Palma regular William Finley. The play is noted for breaking traditional barriers between performers and audience, the films most striking quality is its extensive use of the split-screen. De Palma recalls that he was floored by this performance upon first sight, and in 1973 recounts how he began to try and figure out a way to capture it on film. I came up with the idea of split-screen, to be able to show the actual audience involvement, to trace the life of the audience, De Palmas most significant features from this decade are Greetings and Hi, Mom. Both films star Robert De Niro and espouse a Leftist revolutionary viewpoint common to their era, Greetings was entered into the 19th Berlin International Film Festival, where it won a Silver Bear award. His other major film from this period is the slasher comedy Murder a la Mod, Greetings is about three New Yorkers dealing with the draft. The film is considered the first to deal explicitly with the draft. The film is noteworthy for its use of experimental techniques to convey its narrative in ultimately unconventional ways. Footage was sped up, rapid cutting was used to distance the audience from the narrative, Greetings ultimately grossed over $1 million at the box office and cemented De Palmas position as a bankable filmmaker
3.
The Fury (1978 film)
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The Fury is a 1978 supernatural horror film directed by Brian De Palma. The film was written by John Farris, based on his novel of the same name and it stars Kirk Douglas, John Cassavetes, Carrie Snodgress, Amy Irving, Charles Durning and Andrew Stevens. This organization kidnaps psychics to turn them into weapons in the service of the United States government, to control the psychics better for that purpose, they also kill their families. Childress gained the trust of Peter and Robin to apply this on both of them and she volunteers to attend the Paragon Institute, which had been attended by Robin, and whose director, Dr. James McKeever also works for Ben Childress. During her training it is discovered that she has a link with Robin. Upon learning this, Childress begins to plan her kidnapping and the assassination of her family, Peter finds out about Gillian through his girlfriend Hester, who works at the clinic. He manages to warn her through Hester and manages to break her out, in which Hester, together they track Robin to Chicago, where Childress ruthless experiments have finally rendered him insane. Robin delights in torturing and killing his teacher who seduced him into having a relationship with her in order to manipulate him for the experiments. Robin, in his insanity, also plans to torture Peter, Childress made sure of that in order to get rid of both of them. The two have a confrontation because of it in the bedroom of a mansion, during which they are thrown out of a window. As he dies, Robin has some form of contact with Gillian, in which he transfers his powers to her with the implied message to save herself from Childress. Parts of this feature were filmed at Old Chicago of Bolingbrook, Illinois, the scene in which Kirk Douglas escapes the agents at the hotel were filmed at the now defunct Plymouth Hotel, the same hotel and room used in the 1980 film The Blues Brothers. Then a quick edit is done replacing Cassavetes with a lifesized rigged dummy exploding shot at different angles. In an interview with The Talks, De Palma said that he had 8 or 9 high-speed cameras to film Cassavetes exploding, the first time we did it, it didnt work. The body parts didnt go towards the right cameras and this set was covered with blood. And it took us almost a week to get back to do take 2, the film received positive reviews from critics and audiences, earning an 80% approval rating on Rotten Tomatoes. Rick Baker and William J. Tuttle both won Best Make-up at the 6th Saturn Awards, the film features the debut performances of Dennis Franz, Daryl Hannah and Laura Innes. Franz plays a cop driving a car hijacked by Douglas character and gets about ten minutes of screen time, Hannah plays a student at a school attended by Irvings character and gets about five minutes of screen time and almost no lines
4.
Ridley Scott
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Sir Ridley Scott is an English film director and producer. Scott is known for his atmospheric, highly concentrated visual style and his films are also known for their strong female characters. Scott has been nominated for three Academy Awards for Directing, in 1995, both Ridley and his brother Tony received the BAFTA Award for Outstanding British Contribution To Cinema. In 2003, Scott was knighted for his services to the British film industry, in a 2004 BBC poll Scott was named the tenth most influential person in British culture. In 2015 he received a doctorate from the Royal College of Art in London. Scott was born in South Shields, County Durham, North East England, to Elizabeth and he was brought up in an army family, so for most of his early life, his father – an officer in the Royal Engineers – was absent. His elder brother, Frank, joined the British Merchant Navy when he was still young, during this time the family moved around, living in Cumberland in North West England, Wales and Germany. He had a brother, Tony, who also became a film director. He studied at Grangefield Grammar School and West Hartlepool College of Art from 1954 to 1958, Scott went on to study at the Royal College of Art in London, contributing to college magazine ARK and helping to establish the college film department. For his final show, he made a black and white film, Boy and Bicycle. In February 1963 Scott was named in title credits as Designer for the BBC television programme Tonight, about the severe winter of 1963. After graduation in 1963, he secured a job as a set designer with the BBC, leading to work on the popular television police series Z-Cars. He was originally assigned to design the second Doctor Who serial, The Daleks, however, shortly before Scott was due to start work, a schedule conflict meant he was replaced by Raymond Cusick. In 1965, he began directing episodes of series for the BBC, only one of which. In 1968, Ridley and Tony Scott founded Ridley Scott Associates, a nostalgia themed television advertisement that captured the public imagination, it was voted the UKs all-time favourite commercial in a 2006 poll. In the 1970s the Chanel No.5 brand needed revitalisation having run the risk of being labelled as mass market, five members of the Scott family are directors, and all have worked for RSA. His brother Tony was a film director whose career spanned more than two decades, his sons Jake and Luke are both acclaimed directors of commercials, as is his daughter, Jordan Scott. Jake and Jordan both work from Los Angeles, Luke is based in London, in 1995, Shepperton Studios was purchased by a consortium headed by Ridley and Tony Scott, which extensively renovated the studios while also expanding and improving its grounds
5.
Blade Runner
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Blade Runner is a 1982 American neo-noir science fiction film directed by Ridley Scott, and starring Harrison Ford, Rutger Hauer, Sean Young, and Edward James Olmos. The film, written by Hampton Fancher and David Peoples, is an adaptation of the 1968 novel Do Androids Dream of Electric Sheep. by Philip K. Dick. The film depicts a dystopian Los Angeles in which genetically engineered replicants, the use of replicants on Earth is banned and they are exclusively utilized for dangerous or menial work on off-world colonies. Replicants who defy the ban and return to Earth are hunted down, during his investigations, Deckard begins a relationship with Rachael, an advanced replicant who causes him to question his and the replicants humanity. Blade Runner initially polarized critics, some were displeased with the pacing, the year following its release, the film won the prestigious Hugo Award for Best Dramatic Presentation. Blade Runner underperformed in North American theaters, but has become a cult film. Hailed for its design, depicting a retrofitted future, it remains a leading example of the neo-noir genre. It brought the work of Philip K. Dick to the attention of Hollywood, Ridley Scott regards Blade Runner as probably his most complete and personal film. In 1993, the film was selected for preservation in the United States National Film Registry by the Library of Congress, being deemed culturally, historically, Blade Runner is now regarded by many critics as one of the all-time best science fiction films. Seven versions of the film have been shown for various markets as a result of changes made by film executives. A Directors Cut was released in 1992 after a response to workprint screenings. This, in conjunction with its popularity as a rental, made it one of the first films released on DVD, resulting in a basic disc with mediocre video. A sequel, Blade Runner 2049, is scheduled for release in 2017, in Los Angeles in November 2019, ex-police officer Rick Deckard is detained by officer Gaff and brought to his former supervisor, Bryant. Deckard, whose job as a Blade Runner was to track down bioengineered beings known as replicants, as Tyrell Corporation Nexus-6 models, they have only a four-year lifespan and may have come to Earth to try to extend their lives. Deckard watches a video of a Blade Runner named Holden administering the Voight-Kampff test designed to distinguish replicants from humans based on their response to questions. The test subject, Leon, shoots Holden after Holden asks about Leons mother, Bryant wants Deckard to retire Leon and the other three replicants, Roy Batty, Zhora, and Pris. Deckard initially refuses, but after Bryant ambiguously threatens him, he reluctantly agrees, Deckard begins his investigation at the Tyrell Corporation to ensure that the test works on Nexus-6 models. While there, he discovers that Dr. Eldon Tyrells assistant Rachael is a replicant who believes herself to be human
6.
Mermaid
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A mermaid is a legendary aquatic creature with the head and upper body of a female human and the tail of a fish. Mermaids appear in the folklore of cultures worldwide, including the Near East, Europe, Africa. The first stories appeared in ancient Assyria, in which the goddess Atargatis transformed herself into an out of shame for accidentally killing her human lover. Mermaids are sometimes associated with events such as floods, storms, shipwrecks. In other folk traditions, they can be benevolent or beneficent, the male equivalent of the mermaid is the merman, also a familiar figure in folklore and heraldry. Although traditions about and sightings of mermen are less common than those of mermaids, some of the attributes of mermaids may have been influenced by the Sirens of Greek mythology. Historical accounts of mermaids, such as reported by Christopher Columbus during his exploration of the Caribbean, may have been inspired by manatees. While there is no evidence that mermaids exist outside of folklore, reports of mermaid sightings continue to the present day, including 21st century examples from Israel and Zimbabwe. Mermaids have been a subject of art and literature in recent centuries. They have subsequently been depicted in operas, paintings, books, films, the word mermaid is a compound of the Old English mere, and maid. The equivalent term in Old English was merewif and they are conventionally depicted as beautiful with long flowing hair. Sirenia is an order of aquatic, herbivorous mammals that inhabit rivers, estuaries, coastal marine waters, swamps. They look ponderous and clumsy but are actually fusiform, hydrodynamic and highly muscular, sirenomelia, also called mermaid syndrome, is a rare congenital disorder in which a child is born with his or her legs fused together and small genitalia. This condition is about as rare as conjoined twins, affecting one out of every 100,000 live births and is fatal within a day or two of birth because of kidney and bladder complications. Four survivors were known as of July 2003, many folklorists and mythographers deem that the origin of the mythic mermaid is the dugong, posing a theory that mythicised tales have been constructed around early sightings of dugongs by sailors. The first known mermaid stories appeared in Assyria c.1000 BC, the goddess Atargatis, mother of Assyrian queen Semiramis, loved a mortal and unintentionally killed him. Ashamed, she jumped into a lake and took the form of a fish, the Greeks recognized Atargatis under the name Derketo. Sometime before 546 BC, Milesian philosopher Anaximander postulated that mankind had sprung from an animal species
7.
Ron Howard
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Ronald William Ron Howard is an American actor and filmmaker. Howard is best known for playing two roles in television sitcoms in his youth and directing a number of successful feature films later in his career. Howard first came to prominence playing young Opie Taylor in the sitcom The Andy Griffith Show for eight years, in 1980, Howard left Happy Days to focus on directing. His films include, the science-fiction/fantasy film Cocoon, the historical docudrama Apollo 13, the biographical drama A Beautiful Mind, in 2002, Howard narrated the Fox comedy series, Arrested Development, on which he would also serve as producer and play a semi-fictionalized version of himself. In 2003, Howard was awarded the National Medal of Arts, asteroid 12561 Howard is named after him. He was inducted into the Television Hall of Fame in 2013, Howard has two stars on the Hollywood Walk of Fame for his contributions in the television and motion pictures industries. Howard was born in Duncan, Oklahoma, the son of Jean Speegle Howard, an actress, and Rance Howard, a director, a writer. He has German, English, Scottish, Irish, and Dutch ancestry and his father was born with the surname Beckenholdt, and had taken the stage name Howard by 1948, for his acting career. Rance Howard was serving three years in the United States Air Force at the time of Rons birth, the family moved to Hollywood in 1958, the year before the birth of his younger brother, Clint Howard. They rented a house on the south of the Desilu Studios. They lived in Hollywood for at least three years, before moving to Burbank, Howard was tutored at Desilu Studios in his younger years, and graduated from John Burroughs High School. He later attended the University of Southern Californias School of Cinematic Arts, Howard has said he knew from a young age he might want to go into directing thanks to his early experience as an actor. In 1959, Howard had his first credited role, in The Journey. Howard played Timmy in Counterfeit Gun, Season 4, Episode 2 of the TV series, in 1960, Howard was cast as Opie Taylor in The Andy Griffith Show. Credited as Ronny Howard, he portrayed the son of the character for all eight seasons of the show. He and Griffith remained close until Griffiths death nearly 45 years later, in the 1962 film version of The Music Man, Howard played Winthrop Paroo, the child with the lisp, the film starred Robert Preston and Shirley Jones. He also starred in the 1963 film The Courtship of Eddies Father and he appeared as Barry Stewart on The Eleventh Hour, in the episode Is Mr. Martian Coming Back. In the 1970s, he appeared in at least one episode of The Bold Ones, Howard appeared on the 1969 Disneyland Records album The Story and Song from the Haunted Mansion
8.
Splash (film)
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The film involves a young man who falls in love with a mysterious woman who is secretly a mermaid. The film was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Original Screenplay, the original music score was composed by Lee Holdridge. Splash had received a PG-rating for including some profanity and brief nudity, in 1964, 8-year-old Allen Bauer is vacationing with his family near Cape Cod. While taking a tour on a small boat, he sees something below the ocean surface that fascinates him. Allen jumps into the water, even though he cannot swim and he grasps the hands of a girl who is inexplicably under the water with him and an instant connection forms between the two. Allen can now breathe under water as he is in the hands of a mermaid, however, Allen is pulled to the surface by the deck hands and the two are separated, though apparently no one else sees the girl. Years later, Allen is now co-owner of a wholesale fruit, depressed after his latest breakup, Allen returns to Cape Cod, where he encounters eccentric scientist Dr. Walter Kornbluth. After Allen is left alone when his motorboat conks out, he falls into the sea, and is knocked out when the boat hits his head. He wakes up with a headache on a beach, where he encounters a beautiful naked woman with blonde hair. After kissing him, she dives into the sea and leaves Allen to return home, Kornbluth, while diving in order to seek proof of strange sea creatures, also encounters the mermaid in her sea form, causing him to become obsessed with finding her again. The mermaid finds Allens wallet in the water and goes to a boat where she finds a map. Using Allens wallet to find where he is from, she decides to find him in New York. She comes ashore naked at the Statue of Liberty, where she is arrested for indecent exposure, using information from Allens wallet, the police contact Allen, and the mysterious girl gets released into his care. She learns how to speak English from watching television, and is eager to see a big city for the first time in her life, unable to say her real name in human language, she selects Madison from a Madison Avenue sign. She tells Allen that she will be in New York for six fun-filled days when the moon is full, despite Madisons occasional unusual behavior, she and Allen fall in love. Allen proposes to Madison, but she declines and runs away, meanwhile, Kornbluth, realizing that the naked woman at Liberty Island was the mermaid he had encountered, pursues the couple trying to expose her as a mermaid by splashing her with water. Many attempts are unsuccessful, and Kornbluth ends up with injuries including a badly broken arm. Kornbluth finally lies in wait with water tanks at the dinner, splashing Madison with an attached hose
9.
Roxanne (film)
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Roxanne is a 1987 American romantic comedy film directed by Fred Schepisi and starring Steve Martin and Daryl Hannah. It is a retelling of Edmond Rostands 1897 verse play Cyrano de Bergerac. Charlie Bales, the chief of the small ski town of Nelson, British Columbia is intelligent, humorous, charismatic, athletic. Bales is sensitive about his nose, which many in town have learned to not mention. He is unable to have it surgically altered because of an allergy to anesthetics. He is close to many in town, especially his godsister, Dixie and he becomes immediately attracted to beautiful newcomer Roxanne Kowalski, an astronomy graduate student renting from Dixie while searching for a new comet during the summer. She adores Bales, but only as a friend, preferring Chris, Roxanne goes to Bales for help when Chris fails to advance their relationship further than curious glances. Through a turn of events, she falsely believes Chris is deeply intelligent, when Bales informs Chris of Roxannes interest, Chris gets sick, intimidated by intelligent women. Chris starts to write her a letter, but takes all day with little result and he convinces Bales to write the letter, with prose that soon bowls over Roxanne. When informed that Roxanne wants to him, Chris again gets sick. Chris arrives at Roxannes house with a cap on, hiding the earphones that relay Bales words. When the equipment fails, Chris bungles the meeting by speaking his own crass thoughts, after Roxanne storms back into the house furious, Chris begs Bales to fix his mess again. At first he repeats what he is told from under a tree beneath Roxannes window, then they switch jackets and hats so Bales can speak the words as Chris. They achieve their goal, and she invites Chris in to make love, Roxanne gets word about the comet and has to go out of town for a week. Since she cant find Chris, she gives Bales the address of her hotel, Bales writes her several times a day, each letter more incredible than the last. They affect Roxanne so deeply that she returns early, Bales is writing a new letter to her in Dixies diner when he finds out that Chris is on his way to see Roxanne. He arrives at her home and warns Chris that Roxanne would be mentioning some letters that he supposedly wrote and she tries to get Chris to be the man in the letters, revealing that his looks are only secondary to her. Knowing that his looks are all he has, Chris runs out, Dixie puts the last letter under her door and after reading it, Roxanne calls Bales over
10.
Oliver Stone
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William Oliver Stone is an American screenwriter, film director, and producer. Stone won an Academy Award for Best Adapted Screenplay as writer of Midnight Express and he also wrote the acclaimed gangster movie Scarface. As a director, Stone achieved prominence as director/writer of the war drama Platoon, for which Stone won the Academy Award for Best Director, Platoon was the first in a trilogy of films based on the Vietnam War, in which Stone served as an infantry soldier. He continued the series with Born on the Fourth of July —for which Stone won his second Best Director Oscar—and Heaven & Earth. Many of Stones films focus on controversial American political issues during the late 20th century and they often combine different camera and film formats within a single scene, as evidenced in JFK, Natural Born Killers, and Nixon. Stone was born September 15,1946, in New York City, the son of Jacqueline and Louis Stone and he grew up in Manhattan and Stamford, Connecticut. His parents met during World War II, when his father was fighting as a part of the Allied force in France and his American-born father was a non-practicing Jew, and his French-born mother was a non-practicing Roman Catholic. Stone was raised in the Episcopal Church, and now practices Buddhism, Stone attended Trinity School in New York City before his parents sent him away to The Hill School, a college-preparatory school in Pottstown, Pennsylvania. His parents were divorced abruptly while he was away at school, Stones mother was often absent and his father made a big impact on his life, father-son relationships were to feature heavily in Stones films. He often spent parts of his vacations with his maternal grandparents in France. Stone also worked at 17 in the Paris mercantile exchange in sugar, Stone graduated from The Hill School in 1964. Stone was admitted into Yale University, but left in June 1965 at age 18 to teach school students English for six months in Saigon at the Free Pacific Institute in South Vietnam. Afterwards, he worked as a wiper on a United States Merchant Marine ship in 1966 and he returned to Yale, where he dropped out a second time. In April 1967, Stone enlisted in the United States Army, from September 16,1967 to April 1968, he served in Vietnam with 2nd Platoon, B Company, 3rd Battalion, 25th Infantry Division and was twice wounded in action. He was then transferred to the First Cavalry Division participating in long range patrols before being transferred again to drive for an infantry unit of the division until November 1968. Stone graduated from New York University with a Bachelor of Fine Arts degree in film in 1971, Stone made a short, well received 12-minute film Last Year in Viet Nam. In 1979, Stone won his first Academy Award, after adapting true-life prison story Midnight Express into a hit film for British director Alan Parker. Stones screenplay for Midnight Express was criticized by some for its inaccuracies in portraying the events described in the book, the original author, Billy Hayes, around whom the film is set, spoke out against the film, protesting that he had many Turkish friends while in jail
11.
Wall Street (1987 film)
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Wall Street is a 1987 American drama film, directed and co-written by Oliver Stone, which stars Michael Douglas, Charlie Sheen, and Daryl Hannah. The film tells the story of Bud Fox, a stockbroker who becomes involved with Gordon Gekko. Stone made the film as a tribute to his father, Lou Stone, the character of Gekko is said to be a composite of several people, including Dennis Levine, Ivan Boesky, Carl Icahn, Asher Edelman, Michael Ovitz, Michael Milken, and Stone himself. The character of Sir Lawrence Wildman, meanwhile, was modeled on the prominent British financier, Originally, the studio wanted Warren Beatty to play Gekko, but he was not interested, Stone, meanwhile, wanted Richard Gere, but Gere passed on the role. The film was received among major film critics. Douglas won the Academy Award for Best Actor, and the film has come to be seen as the portrayal of 1980s success. Stone and Douglas reunited for a sequel titled Wall Street, Money Never Sleeps, in 1985, Bud Fox is working as a junior stockbroker in New York City at Jackson Steinem & Co. He wants to work with his hero, Gordon Gekko, a legendary Wall Street player, after calling Gekkos office 59 days in a row trying to land an appointment, Bud visits Gekko on his birthday with a box of Gekkos favorite, contraband Cuban cigars. Impressed at his sheer boldness, Gekko grants Bud an interview, Bud pitches him stocks, but Gekko is unimpressed. Desperate, Bud provides him some information about Bluestar Airlines, which Bud learned in a casual conversation from his father, Carl. Intrigued, Gekko tells Bud he will think about it, but also that he at a hundred deals a day, a dejected Bud returns to his office. However, Gekko places an order for Bluestar stock and becomes one of Buds clients, Gekko gives Bud some capital to manage, but the other stocks Bud selects lose money. Gekko gives Bud another chance, and tells him to spy on British CEO Sir Lawrence Wildman, Bud learns that Wildman is making a bid for a steel company. Through Buds spying, Gekko makes big money, and Wildman is forced to buy Gekkos shares off him to complete his takeover, Bud becomes wealthy, enjoying Gekkos promised perks, including a penthouse on Manhattans Upper East Side and a trophy girlfriend, interior decorator Darien. Bud is promoted to a stockbroker as a result of the large commission fees he is bringing in from Gekkos trading. He continues to maximize inside information and use friends as straw buyers to more income for him. Unknown to Bud, several of his trades attract the attention of the Securities, Bud pitches a new idea to Gekko, buy Bluestar Airlines and expand the company, with Bud as president, using savings achieved by union concessions and the overfunded pension. Even though Bud is unable to persuade his father to him and Gekko
12.
Steel Magnolias
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Steel Magnolias is a 1989 American comedy-drama film directed by Herbert Ross. It is the adaptation of Robert Harlings 1987 play of the same name. The play and film are about the bond a group of women share in a small-town southern community, the story is based on Robert Harlings real life experience of the death of his sister, Susan Harling Robinson, in 1985 due to complications from Type 1 diabetes. He changed his sisters name in the story from Susan to Shelby Eatenton-Latcherie, the title suggests the main female characters can be both as delicate as the magnolia flower, and as tough as steel. Annelle Dupuy, a beauty school graduate, is hired by Truvy Jones to work in her home-based beauty salon in northwestern Louisiana. At the same time, in part of the neighborhood, MLynn Eatenton, and her daughter, Shelby, are preparing for Shelbys wedding. They arrive, along with Clairee Belcher, the widow of the former mayor. Suddenly, Shelby, who has type 1 diabetes, falls into a hypoglycemic state, moved by Annelles emotional confession, Shelby invites her to the wedding, where Annelle meets Sammy, who is tending bar. Several months pass and Shelby returns to town to celebrate Christmas, during the festivities, she announces that she and her husband, Jackson Latcherie, are expecting their first child. Shelbys father Drum is thrilled, but MLynn is too worried to share in the joy and it becomes clear that Shelby could actually die due to pregnancy complications related to her diabetes. MLynn agrees, saying that nothing pleases Shelby more than proving her wrong, Shelby successfully delivers a baby boy, Jackson Jr. but begins showing signs of kidney failure and starts dialysis around the time Jackson Jr. turns one. MLynn successfully donates a kidney and Shelby seemingly resumes a normal life, Clairee and Ouiser offer to make sure that MLynns husband, Drum, Jonathan, and Tommy have enough food to last until MLynn returns home after the transplant. Later, on Halloween, Ouiser, Clairee, Truvy, and MLynn throw Annelle a surprise wedding shower, Shelby is unavailable to attend due to a conflicting schedule with her nursing job, and is later found by Jackson unconscious on the porch of her house. Shelby is rushed to the hospital, where it is determined that her body rejected the new kidney, the doctors inform the family that Shelby is likely to remain comatose indefinitely, and they all jointly decide to take her off life support. At the funeral, after the mourners have left, MLynn breaks down in hysterics in front of Ouiser, Clairee, Truvy, and Annelle. MLynn gives her blessings and assures Annelle that Shelby wouldve loved it, months later, on Easter morning, Annelle goes into labor during an Easter egg hunt, is rushed to the hospital by Truvy and her husband Spud, and another life begins. A writer friend continuously encouraged him to write it down in order to come to terms with the experience and he did but originally as a short story for his nephew then later to get an understanding of the deceased mother. It eventually evolved in ten days to the play, released by TriStar Pictures in the United States on November 15,1989 and grossed more than $83.7 million at the box office
13.
Saturn Award
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The award was initially, and is still sometimes, loosely referred to as a Golden Scroll. The Saturn Awards were created in 1973 and are the oldest Award ceremony dedicated to science fiction, fantasy. The physical award is a representation of the planet Saturn, with its ring composed of film, the Saturn Awards are voted upon by members of the presenting Academy. The Academy is a organization with membership open to the public. Its members include filmmakers Jeff Rector, Rich Correll, Tom De Santo, Mark A. Altman and Irwin Keyes, among others. Although the Award still primarily focuses on films and television in the fiction, fantasy and horror categories. There are also awards for lifetime achievement in film production. The 42nd Saturn Awards were held on June 22,2016, in Burbank, the Saturn Awards are often criticized for having a broad and inconsistent definition of genres, as well as for nominating and awarding movies not related to sci-fi, fantasy or horror. Hugo Award Scream Awards Official website Saturn Awards 2009 at FEARnet Saturn Award at the Internet Movie Database
14.
Elle Driver
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The following is a list of characters from the film Kill Bill. Written and directed by Quentin Tarantino, the film was released in two parts, Kill Bill, Volume 1 in 2003 and Kill Bill, Volume 2 in 2004. However, The Bride survived, but was put into a coma for four years as a result of the attack, upon finally awakening she plots her vengeance against the killers. The Bride, is the protagonist of the film and she abandons her life as a hired assassin for the Deadly Viper Assassination Squad upon realizing she is pregnant with Bills child, denying him the right of fatherhood to preserve her unborns future. This action provokes the attacks on her and her loved ones and its ensuing revenge and her code name while working for DVAS was Black Mamba. Bill is the main antagonist of the film and he is the founder and leader of the Deadly Viper Assassination Squad, to which The Bride formerly belonged, and also her former lover. Because the code names of the members are all referring to venomous snakes and he and the four remaining Deadly Vipers attempt to kill her after she learns she is carrying Bills child and leaves him without warning. Some time after the massacre, the squad has disbanded, when Bill finds out The Bride isnt dead but instead is getting married, he and the deadly vipers ascend on her at her rehearsal wedding. When Sofie Fatale is in care within a Tokyo hospital, Bill visits her, telling her that the Brides daughter is alive, and under his care. The Bride, after killing Vernita Green, Budd and blinding Elle, travels to Bills villa, finding out in while holding a pistol that her daughter is alive, and called B. B. After an evening with Bill and B. B, the Bride kills Bill with the Five-Point-Palm-Exploding-Heart-Technique, cottonmouth, is a half-Japanese, half-Chinese-American woman. An anime flashback showed her father in a U. S. Army uniform wearing the rank of sergeant major fighting the assassins. Though once a member of the Deadly Vipers, she became the head of the Tokyo Yakuza, with Bills help, and possessed her own bodyguard army. While sitting in a room apart from the guests, O-Ren hears a sound outside the room. She orders Gogo to take a look, however, Gogo finds nothing, during the battle, O-Ren mocks The Bride as a silly Caucasian girl who likes to play with samurai swords. After resuming their fight, O-Ren receives a wound and apologizes for her remark, The Bride accepts. O-Ren utters with her dying breath That really was a Hattori Hanzo sword, copperhead, is a member of the Deadly Viper Assassination Squad who took part in the massacre at the Two Pines Wedding Chapel. She is second on The Brides Death List Five, four years after the massacre, she is depicted living a normal life under the alias of Jeannie Bell
15.
Quentin Tarantino
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Quentin Jerome Tarantino is an American director, writer, and actor. His career began in the late 1980s, when he wrote and directed My Best Friends Birthday and its popularity was boosted by his second film, Pulp Fiction, a black comedy crime film that was a major success both among critics and audiences. Judged the greatest film from 1983–2008 by Entertainment Weekly, many critics, for his next effort, Tarantino paid homage to the blaxploitation films of the 1970s with Jackie Brown, an adaptation of the novel Rum Punch. Tarantino directed Death Proof as part of a feature with friend Robert Rodriguez. His long-postponed Inglourious Basterds, which tells the fictional alternate history story of two plots to assassinate Nazi Germanys political leadership, was released in 2009 to positive reviews, after that came 2012s critically acclaimed Django Unchained, a Western film set in the antebellum era of the Deep South. It became the film of his career so far, making over $425 million at the box office. Tarantinos films have garnered critical and commercial success. He has received industry awards, including two Academy Awards, two Golden Globe Awards, two BAFTA Awards and the Palme dOr, and has been nominated for an Emmy and a Grammy. He was named one of the 100 Most Influential People in the World by Time in 2005, Filmmaker and historian Peter Bogdanovich has called him the single most influential director of his generation. In December 2015, Tarantino received a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame for his contributions to the film industry, Tarantino was born on March 27,1963 in Knoxville, Tennessee, the son of Connie McHugh and Tony Tarantino. His father is of Italian descent, and his mother has English and Irish ancestry, Quentin was named after Quint Asper, Burt Reynolds character in the CBS series Gunsmoke. Quentins mother met his father during a trip to Los Angeles and she married him soon after, to gain independence from her parents, but the marriage did not last. Connie Tarantino left Los Angeles, and moved to Knoxville, where her parents lived, in 1966, Tarantinos mother, after finishing her nursing studies, moved back to Los Angeles with her then three-year-old son. They lived in the South Bay, in the part of the city. Tarantinos mother married musician Curtis Zastoupil soon after coming to Los Angeles, and the moved to Torrance. Zastoupil encouraged his love of movies, and accompanied him to film screenings. Tarantinos mother allowed him to see movies with adult content, such as Carnal Knowledge, after his mother divorced Zastoupil in 1973, and received a misdiagnosis of Hodgkins lymphoma, Tarantino was sent to live with his grandparents in Tennessee. He remained there for six months to a year, before returning to California
16.
Kill Bill
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Kill Bill is an American two-part martial arts film series, and the fourth film overall that was written and directed by Quentin Tarantino. The original four-hour cut, retitled Kill Bill, The Whole Bloody Affair, was screened at cinemas in 2011. Tarantino has discussed the possibility of a third Kill Bill film, Kill Bill, Volume 1 was released in theaters on October 10,2003. In the United States and Canada, Volume 1 was released in 3,102 theaters, Volume 1 was the widest theatrical release of Tarantinos career to date, and it was also his highest-grossing opening weekend to date. Outside the United States and Canada, Kill Bill, Volume 1 was released in 20 countries, by November 2,2003, it had made $31 million in the 20 countries. Kill Bill, Volume 1 grossed a total of $70 million in the United States and Canada, the film follows a character initially identified as The Bride, a former assassin seeking revenge on her ex-colleagues who massacred members of her wedding party and tried to kill her. Kill Bill, Volume 2 was released in theaters on April 16,2004, Volume 2s opening weekend gross was higher than Volume 1s, and the equivalent success confirmed the studios financial decision to split the film into two theatrical releases. Volume 2 attracted more female theatergoers than Volume 1, with 40% of the audience being female, outside of the United States and Canada, Volume 2 was released in 20 countries over the weekend of April 23,2004. It grossed an estimated $17.7 million and ranked first at the box office. Volume 2 grossed a total of $66.2 million in the United States and Canada, the film follows The Bride pursuing Bills brother Budd and confronting Elle Driver, a fellow student of Pai Mei. She eventually catches up with Bill himself, screenings of the complete film began on March 27,2011 at the New Beverly Cinema. This was verified to be the print that premiered at the Cannes Film Festival in 2003. The print shown at the New Beverly even retained the French subtitles necessary for screening an English-language film at the Cannes festival, Tarantino told Entertainment Weekly in April 2004, that he was planning a sequel, Oh yeah, initially I was thinking this would be my Dollars Trilogy. I was going to do a new one every ten years, but I need at least fifteen years before I do this again. Ive already got the whole mythology, Sofie Fatale will get all of Bills money, shell raise Nikki, wholl take on The Bride. Nikki deserves her revenge every bit as much as The Bride deserved hers, according to Bloody-Disgusting. com, details emerged around 2007 about two possible sequels, Kill Bill, Volumes 3 and 4. The article adds that the installment of the popular kung fu action films concerns a cycle of reprisals. At the 2006 Comic Con, Tarantino said that after the completion of Grindhouse, one will be an origin story about Bill and his mentors, and the other will be an origin starring The Bride
17.
Netflix
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Netflix is an American entertainment company founded by Reed Hastings and Marc Randolph on August 29,1997, in Scotts Valley, California. It specializes in and provides streaming media and video-on-demand online and DVD by mail, in 2013, Netflix expanded into film and television production, as well as online distribution. As of 2017 the company has its headquarters in Los Gatos, Netflixs initial business model included DVD sales and rental, although Hastings jettisoned DVD sales about a year after Netflixs founding to focus on the DVD rental by mail business. In 2007, Netflix expanded its business with the introduction of streaming media, while retaining the DVD, Netflix entered the content-production industry in 2013, debuting its first series, House of Cards. It has greatly expanded the production of film and television series since then, offering Netflix Original content through its online library of films. Netflix released an estimated 126 original series or films in 2016, in January 2017, Netflix reported having over 93 million subscribers worldwide, including more than 49 million in the United States. Netflix was founded on August 29,1997, in Scotts Valley, California, by Marc Randolph, Randolph worked as marketing director for Hastings company, Pure Atria Corporation. Randolph was a co-founder of MicroWarehouse, a mail order company. Hastings, a computer scientist and mathematician, sold Pure Atria to Rational Software Corporation in 1997 for $700 million in what was then the richest acquisition in Silicon Valley history. Hastings, Randolphs mother and Integrity QA founder Steve Kahn invested $2.5 million in cash for Netflix. Randolph admired the fledgling e-commerce company Amazon and wanted to find a category of portable items to sell over the internet using a similar model. He and Hastings considered and rejected VHS tapes as too expensive to stock and too delicate to ship. When they heard about DVDs, which were available in only a few markets in 1997, when the disc arrived intact, they decided to take on the $16 billion home video sales and rental industry. Netflix introduced the monthly subscription concept in September 1999, and then dropped the model in early 2000. Since that time, the company has built its reputation on the model of flat-fee unlimited rentals without due dates, late fees, shipping and handling fees. In 2000, Netflix offered to be acquired by Blockbuster for $50 million, Netflix initiated an initial public offering on May 29,2002, selling 5.5 million shares of common stock at the price of US$15.00 per share. On June 14,2002, the company sold an additional 825,000 shares of stock at the same price. After incurring substantial losses during its first few years, Netflix posted its first profit during fiscal year 2003, in 2005,35,000 different films were available, and Netflix shipped 1 million DVDs out every day
18.
Sense8
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Sense8 is an American science fiction drama web television series created by Lana and Lilly Wachowski and J. Michael Straczynski for Netflix. The first season of Sense8 was produced by the Wachowskis Anarchos Productions and Straczynskis Studio JMS, along with Javelin Productions, in the second season Lana and her wifes Venus Castina Productions replaced Anarchos, Javelin was removed and Elizabeth Bay Productions added. Unpronounceable Productions has been set up to production for the show since the first season. Freema Agyeman, Terrence Mann, Anupam Kher, Naveen Andrews, in the second season Toby Onwumere replaces Ameen. The show aims to explore subjects that its creators feel have not been emphasized in many fiction shows to date, such as politics, identity, sexuality, gender. Sense8 is filmed almost entirely on location in a multitude of cities around the world, the first season, consisting of 12 episodes, became available for streaming on Netflix on June 5,2015, and was met with generally favorable critical reception. It became notable for its presentation of LGBT characters and themes, on August 8,2015, Netflix announced that it had renewed the show for a second season. Netflix released a 2-hour Christmas special on December 23,2016 to a favorable reception. Sense8 tells the story of eight strangers, Capheus, Sun, Nomi, Kala, Riley, Wolfgang, Lito and Will, each from a different culture and part of the world. Aml Ameen / Toby Onwumere as Capheus Van Damme Onyango, a driver in Nairobi. Doona Bae as Sun Bak, daughter of a powerful Seoul businessman, Jamie Clayton as Nomi Marks, a trans woman hacktivist and blogger living in San Francisco with her girlfriend Amanita. She was born Michael but changed her name to Nomi, which stands for Know Me, tina Desai as Kala Dandekar, a university-educated pharmacist and devout Hindu in Mumbai who is engaged to marry a man she does not love. Tuppence Middleton as Riley Blue, an Icelandic DJ living in London who is trying to escape a troubled past, max Riemelt as Wolfgang Bogdanow, a Berlin locksmith and safe-cracker who has unresolved issues with his late father and participates in organized crime. Miguel Ángel Silvestre as Lito Rodriguez, an actor of Spanish background living in Mexico City with his boyfriend Hernando. Brian J. Smith as Will Gorski, a Chicago police officer haunted by a murder from his childhood. Its very central to Wills character, freema Agyeman as Amanita Neets Caplan, Nomis girlfriend, who later becomes an ally for the new sensates. Terrence Mann as Whispers, a sensate who turned against his own kind, Anupam Kher as Sanyam Dandekar, Kalas loving father, a chef and restaurant owner. Naveen Andrews as Jonas Maliki, a sensate from a different cluster who wants to help the newly-born cluster of sensates, Daryl Hannah as Angelica Angel Turing, a sensate from an older cluster who becomes the mother of the new sensates cluster as she activates their psychic connection
19.
Illinois
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Illinois is a state in the midwestern region of the United States, achieving statehood in 1818. It is the 6th most populous state and 25th largest state in terms of land area, the word Illinois comes from a French rendering of a native Algonquin word. For decades, OHare International Airport has been ranked as one of the worlds busiest airports, Illinois has long had a reputation as a bellwether both in social and cultural terms and politics. With the War of 1812 Illinois growth slowed as both Native Americans and Canadian forces often raided the American Frontier, mineral finds and timber stands also had spurred immigration—by the 1810s, the Eastern U. S. Railroads arose and matured in the 1840s, and soon carried immigrants to new homes in Illinois, as well as being a resource to ship their commodity crops out to markets. Railroads freed most of the land of Illinois and other states from the tyranny of water transport. By 1900, the growth of jobs in the northern cities and coal mining in the central and southern areas attracted a new group of immigrants. Illinois was an important manufacturing center during both world wars, the Great Migration from the South established a large community of African Americans in Chicago, who created the citys famous jazz and blues cultures. Three U. S. presidents have been elected while living in Illinois, Abraham Lincoln, Ulysses S. Grant, additionally, Ronald Reagan, whose political career was based in California, was the only U. S. president born and raised in Illinois. Today, Illinois honors Lincoln with its official slogan, Land of Lincoln. The Abraham Lincoln Presidential Library and Museum is located in the capital of Springfield. Illinois is the spelling for the early French Catholic missionaries and explorers name for the Illinois Native Americans. American scholars previously thought the name Illinois meant man or men in the Miami-Illinois language and this etymology is not supported by the Illinois language, as the word for man is ireniwa and plural men is ireniwaki. The name Illiniwek has also said to mean tribe of superior men. The name Illinois derives from the Miami-Illinois verb irenwe·wa he speaks the regular way and this was taken into the Ojibwe language, perhaps in the Ottawa dialect, and modified into ilinwe·. The French borrowed these forms, changing the ending to spell it as -ois. The current spelling form, Illinois, began to appear in the early 1670s, the Illinois name for themselves, as attested in all three of the French missionary-period dictionaries of Illinois, was Inoka, of unknown meaning and unrelated to the other terms. American Indians of successive cultures lived along the waterways of the Illinois area for thousands of years before the arrival of Europeans, the Koster Site has been excavated and demonstrates 7,000 years of continuous habitation
20.
Tugboat
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A tug is a boat or ship that maneuvers vessels by pushing or towing them. Tugboats are powerful for their size and strongly built, and some are ocean-going, some tugboats serve as icebreakers or salvage boats. Early tugboats had steam engines, but today most have diesel engines, many tugboats have firefighting monitors, allowing them to assist in firefighting, especially in harbors. Seagoing tugs fall into four categories, The standard seagoing tug with model bow that tows its payload on a hawser. The notch tug which can be secured in a notch at the stern of a specially designed barge and this configuration is dangerous to use with a barge which is in ballast or in a head- or following sea. Therefore, notch tugs are usually built with a towing winch and these units stay combined under virtually any sea conditions and the tugs usually have poor sea-keeping designs for navigation without their barges attached. Vessels in this category are considered to be ships rather than tugboats. These vessels must show navigation lights compliant with those required of ships rather than required of tugboats. Articulated tug and barge units also utilize mechanical means to connect to their barges, the tug slips into a notch in the stern and is attached by a hinged connection. ATBs generally utilize Intercon and Bludworth connecting systems, aTBs are generally staffed as a large tugboat, with between seven and nine crew members. The typical American ATB operating on the east coast customarily displays navigational lights of a towing vessel pushing ahead, compared to seagoing tugboats, harbour tugboats are generally smaller and their width-to-length ratio is often higher, due to the need for a lower draught. In smaller harbours these are also termed lunch bucket boats, because they are only manned when needed and only at a minimum. The number of tugboats in a harbour varies with the harbour infrastructure, things to take into consideration includes ships with/without bow thrusters and forces like wind, current and waves and types of ship. River tugs are also referred to as towboats or pushboats and their hull designs would make open ocean operation dangerous. River tugs usually do not have any significant hawser or winch and their hulls feature a flat front or bow to line up with the rectangular stern of the barge, often with large pushing knees. Tugboat engines typically produce 500 to 2,500 kW, for safety, tugboats engines often feature two of each critical part for redundancy. A tugboats power is stated by its engines horsepower and its overall bollard pull. The largest commercial harbour tugboats in the 2000s-2010s, used for towing container ships or similar, had around 60-65 tons of bollard pull, Tugboats are highly maneuverable, and various propulsion systems have been developed to increase maneuverability and increase safety
21.
Barge
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A barge is a flat-bottomed boat, built mainly for river and canal transport of heavy goods. Some barges are not self-propelled and must be towed or pushed by towboats, Barge is attested from 1300, from Old French barge, from Vulgar Latin barga. The word originally could refer to any small boat, the modern meaning arose around 1480, bark small ship is attested from 1420, from Old French barque, from Vulgar Latin barca. The more precise meaning three-masted ship arose in the 17th century, both are probably derived from the Latin barica, from Greek, βάρις, translit. Egyptian boat, from Coptic, ⲃⲁⲁⲣⲉ bāri small boat, hieroglyphic Egyptian, by extension, the term embark literally means to board the kind of boat called a barque. The long pole used to maneuver or propel a barge has given rise to the saying I wouldnt touch that with a barge pole. On the British canal system, the barge is used to describe a boat wider than a narrowboat. In the United States, deckhands perform the labor and are supervised by a leadman or the mate, the captain and pilot steer the towboat, which pushes one or more barges held together with rigging, collectively called the tow. The crew live aboard the towboat as it travels along the river system or the intracoastal waterways. These towboats travel between ports and are also called line-haul boats, poles are used on barges to fend off the barge as it nears other vessels or a wharf. These are often called pike poles, barges are used today for low-value bulk items, as the cost of hauling goods by barge is very low. Barges are also used for heavy or bulky items, a typical American barge measures 195 by 35 feet. The most common European barge measures 76.5 by 11.4 metres, as an example, on June 26,2006, a 565-short-ton catalytic cracking unit reactor was shipped by barge from the Tulsa Port of Catoosa in Oklahoma to a refinery in Pascagoula, Mississippi. Extremely large objects are normally shipped in sections and assembled onsite, of the reactors 700-mile journey, only about 40 miles were traveled overland, from the final port to the refinery. Canal barges are made for the particular canal in which they will operate. Many barges, primarily Dutch barges, which were designed for carrying cargo along the canals of Europe, are no longer large enough to compete in this industry with larger newer vessels. Many of these barges have been renovated and are now used as hotel barges carrying holidaymakers along the same canals on which they once carried grain or coal. This holds true today, for areas of the world
22.
Haskell Wexler
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Haskell Wexler, ASC was an American cinematographer, film producer and director. Wexler was judged to be one of historys ten most influential cinematographers in a survey of the members of the International Cinematographers Guild. Wexler was born to a Jewish family in Chicago in 1922 and his parents were Simon and Lottie Wexler, whose children included Jerrold, Joyce and Yale. He attended the progressive Francis Parker School, where he was best friends with Barney Rosset, after a year of college at the University of California, Berkeley and a tour in the United States Merchant Marine during World War II, Wexler decided to become a filmmaker. Based in Chicago, Wexler made many documentaries, including The Living City, Wexler briefly made industrial films in Chicago, then in 1947 became an assistant cameraman. Wexler worked on features and shorts, low-budget docu-dramas such as 1959s The Savage Eye, televisions The Adventures of Ozzie and Harriet. He made ten films with director Saul Landau, including Paul Jacobs and the Nuclear Gang, which aired on PBS and won an Emmy Award. Other notable documentaries shot and co-directed by Wexler included Brazil, A Report on Torture and The CIA Case Officer and The Sixth Sun, in 1963, Wexler served as the cinematographer on his first big-budget film, Elia Kazans America, America. Kazan was nominated for a Best Director Academy Award, Wexler worked steadily in Hollywood thereafter. Wexler was cinematographer of Mike Nichols screen version of Whos Afraid of Virginia Woolf. for which he won the last Academy Award for Best Cinematography handed out. The following year had Wexler as the cinematographer for the Oscar-winning detective drama, In the Heat of the Night and his work was notable for being the first major film in Hollywood history to be shot in color with proper consideration for a person of African descent. Wexler recognized that standard lighting tended to produce too much glare on that kind of dark complexion, accordingly, Wexler toned it down to feature Poitier with better photographic results. Wexler was fired as cinematographer for Milos Formans 1975 film One Flew Over the Cuckoos Nest and replaced by Bill Butler. However, Forman said he had terminated Wexler over mere artistic differences. ”However, he won a second Oscar for Bound for Glory, a biography of Woody Guthrie, whom Wexler had met during his time in the Merchant Marine. Bound for Glory was the first feature film to use of the newly invented Steadicam. Wexler was also credited as additional cinematographer on Days of Heaven, Wexler was featured on the soundtrack of the film Underground, recorded on Folkways Records in 1976. He worked on throughout his career. The documentary Paul Jacobs and the Nuclear Gang earned an Emmy Award, Wexler also directed fictional movies. Medium Cool, a film written by Wexler and shot in a cinéma vérité style, is studied by film students all over the world for its breakthrough form
23.
Tanya Wexler
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Tanya Wexler is an American film director. She is best known for her 2011 comedy Hysteria, Wexler is the daughter of Chicago real estate developer Jerrold Wexler, and his second wife, Susan Jeanne. She is the niece of cinematographer Haskell Wexler and her mother has two other daughters, Daryl Hannah and Page Hannah, as well as a son, Donald, from a previous marriage. She attended Yale University where she was roommates with actress Bellamy Young, Wexler also holds an MFA from Columbia University. Wexler has directed three films, Finding North, Ball in the House and Hysteria, Wexler met her future wife, Amy Zimmerman, while they were both students at Yale University. Wexler and Zimmerman married on May 19,2004 in Massachusetts and they have four children, son Jerry Zimmerman-Wexler and daughters Ella, Ruby, and Violet Zimmerman-Wexler. Finding North Ball in the House Hysteria Tanya Wexler at the Internet Movie Database
24.
Francis W. Parker School (Chicago)
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Francis W. Parker School is an independent school serving students who live in the Chicago area from kindergarten through twelfth grade. Located in Chicagos Lincoln Park neighborhood, the school is based on the education philosophies of John Dewey and Colonel Francis Wayland Parker, emphasizing community. Tuition and fees range from $29,710 for kindergarten to $37,240 for grade 12, Parker has 938 students, and has undergone considerable physical renovation between 2000 and 2009. Parker added an AstroTurf field which started construction in June 2012, during the 2008–09 school year, the Auditorium was completely renovated, with new classrooms, more seating, office space and a balcony. The school is a member of the Chicago Independent School League, many notable figures have spoken at Parker including Barack Obama, Albert Einstein, and Jane Addams in the schools assemblies known throughout the school as Morning Exercise. Parker is part of the Independent School League athletic conference, and its mascot is the Colonel named after the schools founder, sports at Parker range from boys and girls soccer, to tennis, basketball, baseball, cross country, track and field, and field hockey. Paul Adelstein, actor Jonathan Alter, liberal journalist, critic, author, alexandra Bruce, filmmaker and writer Sir Henry Channon, Member of Parliament, diarist. Bobby Florsheim, screenwriter Eric Forsberg, filmmaker Chuck Gelatka, football player Edward Gorey, writer and illustrator Justin Hall, pioneer blogger Daryl Hannah, sarah Haskins, comedian Anne Heche, actress. Alec Michod, novelist Joan Mitchell, artist best known for her painting in the abstract expressionism movement, jordan Weisman, founder of FASA Corporation & WizKids Haskell Wexler, cinematographer. Hillary Wolf, actress & two-time U. S Olympian in judo Billy Zane, actor Lisa Zane, actress, vocalist Official Site
25.
University of Southern California
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The University of Southern California is a private research university founded in 1880 with its main campus in Los Angeles, California. As Californias oldest private university, USC has historically educated a large number of the regions business leaders. In recent decades, the university has also leveraged its location in Los Angeles to establish relationships with research and cultural institutions throughout Asia, an engine for economic activity, USC contributes $8 billion annually to the economy of the Los Angeles metropolitan area and California. For the 2014–15 academic year, there were 18,740 students enrolled in undergraduate programs. USC also has 23,729 graduate and professional students in a number of different programs, including business, law, engineering, social work, and medicine. The university is one of the top fundraising institutions in the world, consistently ranking among the top 3 in external contributions, multiple academic rankings list the University of Southern California as being among the top 25 universities in the United States. With an acceptance rate of 16 percent, USC is also among the most selective academic institutions in the nation. USC maintains a tradition of innovation and entrepreneurship, with alumni having founded companies such as Lucasfilm, Myspace, Salesforce. com, Intuit, Qualcomm, Box, Tinder. As of 2014, the university has produced the fourth largest number of billionaire alumni out of all institutions in the world. USC is home to the world’s most powerful computer, which is presently housed in a super-cooled. The only other commercially available quantum computing system is operated jointly by NASA, USC was also one of the earliest nodes on ARPANET and is the birthplace of the Domain Name System. Other technologies invented at USC include DNA computing, dynamic programming, image compression, VoIP, USC sponsors a variety of intercollegiate sports and competes in the National Collegiate Athletic Association as a member of the Pac-12 Conference. Members of the teams, the Trojans, have won 102 NCAA team championships, ranking them third in the nation. Trojan athletes have won 288 medals at the Olympic games, more than any university in the United States. If USC were a country, its athletes would have received the 12th-most Olympic gold medals in history. In 1969, it joined the Association of American Universities, the University of Southern California was founded following the efforts of Judge Robert M. Hellman. The three donated 308 lots of land to establish the campus and provided the seed money for the construction of the first buildings. Originally operated in affiliation with the Methodist Church, the school mandated from the start that no student would be denied admission because of race, the university is no longer affiliated with any church, having severed formal ties in 1952
26.
Rachel Ward
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Rachel Claire Ward, AM is an English-born Australian actress, columnist, film director, television director, and screenwriter. Ward was born in Cornwell near Chipping Norton, Oxfordshire, England, the daughter of Claire Leonora and her grandfathers were William Ward, 3rd Earl of Dudley and the cricketer Giles Baring. She attended Hatherop Castle School, Hatherop, Gloucestershire, then the Byam Shaw School of Art in London and she left school at age 16 to become a fashion and photography model. She briefly dated David Kennedy, son of Robert F. Kennedy, during her modelling career, she was featured on the covers of Vogue, Harpers & Queen and Cosmopolitan magazines. After moving to the United States in 1977, she appeared in television such as the Lincoln Mercury Cougar Girl. In 1981 she received a Golden Globe Award nomination for New Star of the Year for her role in the film Sharkys Machine starring with Burt Reynolds, the following year she starred in Dead Men Dont Wear Plaid with Steve Martin. Also in 1983, U. S. audiences voted Ward one of the worlds 10 most beautiful women, in 1984, she played Jess in the film-noir remake Against All Odds, with Jeff Bridges. After filming Fortress in 1985, Ward then disappeared from film for years to study acting. She reappeared in 1987 playing opposite her husband, Bryan Brown, in 2001, she was again nominated for the Golden Globe Award for Best Actress – Miniseries or Television Film for her role in On the Beach. Also in 2001, Ward won the Australian Film Institute Award for Best Short Fiction Film for The Big House, the film also won the Film Critics Circle of Australia Award, as did her 2003 film Marthas New Coat. That film also won the 2003 ATOM Award, in 2003 a portrait of Ward by artist Jan Williamson won the Packing Room Prize at the Archibald Prize competition. In 2007, Ward returned to television, headlining the new ABC drama Rain Shadow and she played a country veterinarian named Kate McDonald, a free spirit who confronts personal and professional obstacles in a rural, drought-affected town. In 2009, she directed her first feature-length film titled Beautiful Kate, adapted by Ward from a 1982 Newton Thornburg novel, Ward has been married to Bryan Brown since 1983
27.
The Final Terror
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The Final Terror is a 1983 American horror film directed by Andrew Davis, and starring Rachel Ward, Daryl Hannah, Adrian Zmed, and Joe Pantoliano. The plot follows a group of forest rangers camping in the Northern California wilderness who find themselves fighting for their lives against a backwoods feral killer hunting them as prey and it blends elements of survival thrillers and slasher films. The film was shot on location in 1981 in the Redwood forests and it was eventually released in 1983 to capitalize on the rising fame of its young stars, and co-stars Pantoliano in his early roles. In recent years, the film has developed a small following, a young couple named Jim and Lori loses control of their motorbike while riding in a forest. With Jim hurt, Lori find no help and return, only to find Jim dead hanging from a tree before she is killed by a full of sharp objects. Weeks later, a group of campers consisted of Dennis, Margaret, Wendy, Marco, Nathaniel, Boone, Eggar, Vanessa, Mike, and Melanie, arrive at the forest. The group makes a clearing and spend the night around a bonfire telling a story, the next morning, the group discover the next morning that Marco and Eggar missing. While the others search for them, Mike takes a swim with Melanie and later have sex, during which Mike is stabbed to death by an camouflaged killer, Nathaniel and Dennis find an abandoned cabin containing an old grave. Dennis enters the cabin and Nathaniel hears him scream, only for it to be a prank by Dennis trying to scare him, while searching the cabin for food and items, they find a severed wolfs head in a cabinet and are shaken before returning to the camp. That night, the killer appears near Margaret in her sleep, the campers also find Marco, who has returned to the camp. After Vanessa gets angry at the men for scaring the girls, she walks off alone to the outhouse, she screams when Mikes severed head falls onto her, and the group comes to her aid. The group spends one night at the camp, and they find no successful search for Melanie who they assumed was still with Mike. In the morning, they go to the cabin to find the killer, unbeknownst is down in the basement with a captured Melanie, while rafting along the river, the body of Melanie is tossed onto the boat by the killer and causes panic among the group. Burying Melanie near the river, the group continues on to the end of the river and find their empty and they spend the night there, but the killer attacks and gets inside the bus before the group escapes out the back door. Wendy gets separated and is slashed by the creature, where the group comes to her, the group gathers supplies and camouflage themselves. Dennis climbs one of the highest trees, where he sets a spiked log trap, Marco begins calling out for Eggar, who appears and begins to strangle Marco. The group attacks Eggar, suspecting him as the killer, while Dennis is watching the rest of the group fight, the killer murders him from behind and rises up to scream, it is revealed that Eggars missing mother is the killer. As she walks down to the group, she sets off the trap and is brutally impaled to her death
28.
Replicant
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A replicant is a fictional bioengineered or biorobotic android in the 1982 film Blade Runner and its upcoming sequel Blade Runner 2049. The Nexus series of replicants are virtually identical to a human, but have superior strength, agility. Nexus 6 replicants also have a safety mechanism, namely a four-year lifespan, to prevent them from developing empathic cognition, a derogatory term for a replicant is skin-job. Philip K. Dicks novel Do Androids Dream of Electric Sheep, the inspiration for Blade Runner, used the term android, but director Ridley Scott wanted a new term that did not have preconceptions. As David Peoples was rewriting the screenplay he consulted his daughter and she suggested the term replicating, the biological process of a cell making a copy of itself. From that, one of them came up with replicant and it was inserted into Hampton Fanchers screenplay, replicants became illegal on Earth after a bloody off-world mutiny by Nexus 6 replicants, before the events of the film. Nexus 6 replicants had been designed to copy humans in every way except for their emotions, early in the film, Captain Bryant tells Deckard that the Nexus 6 units possible eventual development of emotional responses was the reason the Tyrell Corporation had made them have a four-year life. Late in the film, Dr. Eldon Tyrell states that the lifespan limitation cannot be circumvented, escaped replicants, Roy Batty is a self-sufficient combat model for the colonization defence program. Pris Stratton is referred to as a basic model for military personnel. Four actresses were finalists for the role, among them Hannah, each of the actresses was given free rein to come up with their own costume and look for the character, ranging from Hannahs street-punk style to others which were almost doll-like. Zhora Salome was trained for an off-world kick murder squad, leon Kowalski is a combat model or loader of nuclear fission materials. An unnamed replicant, named Hodge in early versions of the screenplay, was killed in a field at the Tyrell Corporation. The 6th replicant, named Mary in early versions of the screenplay. S, in the original workprint version, Bryant also mentions two replicants killed. Other replicants, Rachael is a replicant, with implanted memories from Eldon Tyrells niece. According to Deckard, a normal replicant can usually be discovered using the Voight-Kampff test, Rachael answers over 100 questions before Deckard determines she is a replicant. The theatrical cuts voice-over ending said that as a replicant, Rachael didnt have the four-year life. Ridley Scott said that he had wanted to cast an actress in the role to emphasise Rachaels naivety. In Do Androids Dream of Electric Sheep, the android manufacturer, known as the Rosen Corporation, did not know how to manufacture an android capable of living beyond four years
29.
Summer Lovers
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Summer Lovers is a 1982 American romantic comedy film written and directed by Randal Kleiser, starring Peter Gallagher, Daryl Hannah and Valerie Quennessen. It was filmed on location on the island of Santorini, Greece, the original music score is composed by Basil Poledouris. Summer Lovers featured Hard to Say Im Sorry, a No.1 hit for Chicago, Americans Michael Pappas and Cathy Featherstone, a young couple who have just graduated from college, have known each other about 10 years and have been together about half that time. They vacation for the summer on the Greek island of Santorini, when they visit a nude beach crowded with other young tourists, they are hesitant at first but find themselves getting caught up in the uninhibited energy that surrounds them. Cathy reads a book of techniques, then ties Michael to the bed. She comments that everyone thinks shes such a Goody Two-Shoes but she wants a little more adventure, Michael, who says he has never been with another woman, keeps noticing Lina Broussard, a French archaeologist on temporary assignment at the nearby Akrotiri excavation. One day, at the beach without Cathy, he gets his chance to talk to Lina and he then feels so guilty that Cathy immediately notices something is wrong, and he admits what he has done, insisting that he still loves Cathy. Cathy is naturally disturbed by this, but tells him to get it out of his system, Cathy then goes to a local bar intending to sleep with another man as a way to get revenge against Michael for cheating on her. But in the end she chickens out after getting picked up by a local boy. When Michael comes home later after seeing Lina again, Cathy is angry, Cathy goes to Linas home to confront her. Lina assures Cathy that she does not intend to take Michael away from her, Lina and Cathy end up spending several hours together getting acquainted, and find themselves fascinated by each others work — Linas archeology and Cathys photography. Michael is confused when he learns that the two women are developing a friendship, but he recovers and the three of them spend a few days gradually getting closer. Cathy knows Michael is still sleeping with Lina from time to time, nevertheless, she tolerates increasing signs of affection between Michael and Lina in her presence. In a very tense scene one evening, Cathy encourages Michael to kiss Lina and he gives Lina a light peck, but Cathy says it isnt convincing. He gradually turns up the heat while watching Cathy intently for her reaction and he then kisses Cathy, checking to see how this makes Lina feel. The three end up spending the night together, Lina moves in with them, and they continue enjoying the island paradise as a threesome. Just as the fantasy seems to be a success, the natural complications of domestic life, like who does the laundry or dishes. The three work through problems, but then Cathys mother appears on a surprise visit, snapping everyone back to reality
30.
Tom Hanks
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Thomas Jeffrey Hanks is an American actor and filmmaker. Hanks films have grossed more than $4.5 billion at U. S. and Canadian box offices and more than $9.0 billion worldwide, Hanks has been nominated for numerous awards during his career. In 2004, he received the Stanley Kubrick Britannia Award for Excellence in Film from the British Academy of Film and Television Arts. In 2014, he received a Kennedy Center Honor and, in 2016, he received a Presidential Medal of Freedom from President Barack Obama, in 2010, Spielberg and Hanks were executive producers on the HBO miniseries The Pacific. Hanks was born in Concord, California, the son of Janet Marylyn, a worker, and Amos Mefford Hanks. His mother was of Portuguese descent, while his father had English ancestry. The familys three oldest children, Sandra, Larry and Tom, went with their father, while the youngest, Jim, in his childhood, his family moved often. By the age of ten, Hanks had lived in ten different houses, while Hanks family religious history was Catholic and Mormon, he has characterized himself as being a Bible-toting evangelical for several years as a teenager. In school, Hanks was unpopular with students and teachers alike, later telling Rolling Stone magazine, I was a geek, I was horribly, painfully, terribly shy. At the same time, I was the guy whod yell out funny captions during filmstrips, but I didnt get into trouble. I was always a good kid and pretty responsible. In 1965, his father married Frances Wong, a San Francisco native of Chinese descent, Frances had three children, two of whom lived with Hanks during his high school years. Hanks acted in plays, including South Pacific, while attending Skyline High School in Oakland. Hanks studied theater at Chabot College in Hayward, California, and transferred to California State University, Sacramento, Hanks told New York magazine in 1986, Acting classes looked like the best place for a guy who liked to make a lot of noise and be rather flamboyant. I spent a lot of going to plays. I wouldnt take dates with me, id just drive to a theater, buy myself a ticket, sit in the seat and read the program, and then get into the play completely. I spent a lot of time like that, seeing Brecht, Tennessee Williams, Ibsen, during his years studying theater, Hanks met Vincent Dowling, head of the Great Lakes Theater Festival in Cleveland, Ohio. At Dowlings suggestion, Hanks became an intern at the festival and his internship stretched into a three-year experience that covered most aspects of theater production, including lighting, set design, and stage management, prompting Hanks to drop out of college
31.
The Pope of Greenwich Village
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Page was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress for her two-scene role. The film was adapted by screenwriter Vincent Patrick from his novel of the same name, Paulie gets caught skimming checks, and he and Charlie are both fired. Now out of work and in debt, Charlie must find another way to pay his alimony, support his pregnant girlfriend Diane, Paulie comes to Charlie with a cant-miss robbery, involving a large amount of cash in the safe of a local business. Charlie reluctantly agrees to participate, and they manage to crack the safe with help from an accomplice, Barney, but things go sour, resulting in the accidental death of police officer Walter Bunky Ritter, who had been secretly taping Bed Bug Eddie Grant. Charlie soon learns that the money they stole belongs to Eddie, the mob figures out that Paulie is involved, and not even his Uncle Pete, part of Eddies crew, can help him. Eddies henchmen cut off Paulies left thumb as punishment, Diane leaves Charlie and takes his money to support their unborn child, while Paulie is forced to work as a waiter for Eddie. He gives the mob Barneys name but initially refuses to identify Charlie as the man involved. However, under pressure, he is forced to rat on his cousin, Barney leaves town and Charlie mails him his cut of the loot. And when Charlie makes $20,000 on a horse, things begin to look up, Charlie prepares for a showdown with Eddie, armed with a copy of the tape that the police officer made. But at the last moment, Paulie puts lye in Eddies coffee, then he and Charlie casually walk away from Greenwich Village. After Rourke and Roberts signed on as the leads, Cimino wanted to finesse the screenplay with some rewriting and restructuring, however, the rewriting would have taken Cimino beyond the mandated start date for shooting, so Cimino and MGM parted ways. Leonard Maltin gave the three stars, describing it as a Richly textured, sharply observant film. Page stands out in great supporting cast, the Pope of Greenwich Village at the Internet Movie Database The Pope of Greenwich Village at Rotten Tomatoes
32.
Mickey Rourke
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Philip Andre Rourke Jr. known professionally as Mickey Rourke, is an American actor, screenwriter, and retired boxer, who has appeared primarily as a leading man in drama, action, and thriller films. In 1991 Rourke, who had trained as a boxer in his years, left acting. In the 2008 film The Wrestler, Rourke portrayed a past-his-prime wrestler, and received a 2009 Golden Globe award, a BAFTA award, and a nomination for an Academy Award. Since then, Rourke has appeared in commercially successful films including the 2010 films Iron Man 2 and The Expendables. Philip Andre Rourke, Jr. was born in Schenectady, New York and his father was of Irish and German descent, and his mother had Scottish, French, English, and German ancestry. He was raised Roman Catholic and still practices his faith and his father, an amateur body builder, left the family when Mickey was six years old. After his parents divorced, his mother married Eugene Addis, a Miami Beach police officer with five sons, and moved Rourke, his younger brother, there, he graduated from Miami Beach Senior High School in 1971. He was supposed to graduate in 1970, but he had held back at 1st grade because he wasnt ready to move on at the time. During his teenage years, Rourke focused his attention mainly on sports and he took up self-defense training at the Boys Club of Miami. It was there that he learned boxing skills and decided on an amateur career, at age 12, Rourke won his first boxing match as a 112-pound flyweight, fighting some of his early matches under the name Phil Rourke. He continued his training at the famed 5th Street Gym, in Miami Beach. In 1969 Rourke, then weighing 140 pounds, sparred with former World Welterweight Champion Luis Rodríguez, Rodriguez was the number one–rated middleweight boxer in the world and was training for his match with world champion Nino Benvenuti. Rourke claims to have received a concussion from his match with Rodriguez. At the 1971 Florida Golden Gloves, Rourke suffered another concussion in a boxing match, after being told by doctors to take a year off and rest, Rourke temporarily retired from the ring. Rourkes amateur boxing record was 27 wins and 3 losses, in 1971, as a senior at Miami Beach Senior High School, Rourke had a small acting role in the Jay W. Jensen–directed school play The Serpent. However, Rourkes interests were geared to boxing, and he never appeared in any other school productions. Soon after he gave up boxing, a friend at the University of Miami told Rourke about a play he was directing, Deathwatch. Rourke got the part and immediately became enamored with acting, borrowing $400 from his sister, he went to New York and took private lessons with Actors Studio teacher Sandra Seacat
33.
Eric Roberts
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Eric Anthony Roberts is an American actor. His career began with a performance in King of the Gypsies. His second Golden Globe nomination came for his portrayal of Paul Snider in Star 80, followed by Globe, in a career spanning almost forty years, Roberts has performed in over 200 films, including Raggedy Man, The Pope of Greenwich Village, The Specialist, Cecil B. Demented, National Security, The Dark Knight, The Expendables and his sisters Julia Roberts and Lisa Roberts Gillan, and daughter Emma Roberts, also have acting careers. In 1963, they co-founded the Atlanta Actors and Writers Workshop in Atlanta, Georgia and they ran a childrens acting school in Decatur, Georgia while they were expecting Julia. Roberts mother became a secretary and real estate agent, and his father. Roberts younger siblings, Julia Roberts and Lisa Roberts Gillan, are also actors, Roberts parents filed for divorce in 1971 and it was finalized early in 1972. Eric stayed with his father Walter in Atlanta, estranged from his sisters, Walter died of cancer in March 1977. Lisa, Julia and Betty moved to Smyrna, Georgia, after the divorce, in 1972, Betty married Michael Motes, and had a daughter with him in 1976, Nancy Motes, who died February 9,2014, at age 37, of an apparent drug overdose. Motes was abusive and often unemployed, in 1983, Betty divorced Motes, citing cruelty and stating that marrying him was the biggest mistake of her life. Roberts is of English, Scottish, Irish, Welsh, German, Roberts got his start on the now-defunct NBC daytime soap opera Another World originating the role of Ted Bancroft from February 14,1977, to June 17,1977. Roberts received Golden Globe Award nominations for his starring roles in King of the Gypsies. He was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor in 1985 for his role as the escaped convict Buck in the film Runaway Train, in 1987, he won the Theatre World Award for his Broadway debut performance in Burn This. He also had supporting roles in the films Final Analysis, The Specialist. He played the Archangel Michael in The Prophecy II, in 1996, he appeared in the Doctor Who Television film in the role of the Master. When SFX listed previous Masters in Doctor Who, the said of Roberts. In a darkly comic touch, the wife of Roberts human character. He also co-starred in the 1996 television mini-series version of In Cold Blood, in the role of Perry Smith and he starred opposite John Ritter in the movie Tripfall in 1998
34.
The Clan of the Cave Bear
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The Clan of the Cave Bear is an epic historical novel by Jean M. Auel about prehistoric times. It is the first book in the Earths Children book series which speculates on the possibilities of interactions between Neanderthal and modern Cro-Magnon humans. Auels time-frame, somewhere between 28,000 and 25,000 years BP, corresponds generally with archaeological estimates of the Neanderthal branch of humankind disappearing. A five-year-old girl, who come to understand is Cro-Magnon, is orphaned. She wanders aimlessly, naked and unable to feed herself, for several days, having been attacked and nearly killed by a cave lion and suffering from starvation, exhaustion, and infection of her wounds, she collapses, on the verge of death. The child is adopted by Iza and her brother Creb, the clan call her Ayla, the closest they can come to saying her strange name. In Auels books, the Neanderthal possess only limited vocal apparatus and rarely speak and they do not laugh or even smile, and they do not cry, when Ayla weeps, Iza thinks she has an eye disease. Aylas different thought processes lead her to break important Clan customs, Iza trains Ayla as a medicine woman of her line, the most prestigious line of medicine women out of all of the Clans. It takes her longer to train Ayla than it will her own daughter, Uba. Aylas main antagonist is Broud, son of the leader, an egomaniac who feels that she takes credit, as the two mature, the hatred between them festers. When they are adults, Broud rapes Ayla, but she becomes pregnant. Her son is almost taken away from her because he seems deformed to the Clan, since he not look like them and, in the beginning. The book ends with Crebs death, Brouds succession to the leadership, and his banishment of Ayla and she is not allowed to take her son with her. Some of the descriptions are based on the first adult Neanderthal skeletons found in Iraq from the burial at Shanidar. Other data is linked to the widespread Aurignacian culture and Gravettian culture. In 1986, the novel was adapted into a directed by Michael Chapman. In 2014, the Lifetime television network ordered a pilot episode, ron Howard, Brian Grazer, Jean M. Auel, and Linda Woolverton are executive producers, with Woolverton writing the teleplay. The launch was slated for some time in 2015, the Pilot was canceled by Lifetime and has been shopped around to various networks with no luck, and presumed to be dead, as of March 2016
35.
Legal Eagles
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Tom Logan is an Assistant District Attorney in the New York City District Attorneys Office, who is on his way to becoming the new District Attorney. Into his life enters Laura Kelly, an attorney who is representing Chelsea Deardon, Chelsea is accused of stealing a painting from millionaire Mr. Forrester. Kelly eventually manages to talk Logan into helping them, Chelsea also continues coming on to Logan, coming to his apartment being fearful of someone following her. When Logan goes to investigate, he is shot at but the shooter misses and escapes, Logan agrees to continue trying to protect Chelsea while Kelly and him continue her investigation into the paintings. Chelsea goes to Tafts apartment with a gun, with the intent to threaten him, what happens then is not seen but Chelsea goes back to Logans apartment after being there. She tells him what she had done, claims that Taft managed to get the gun from her and hit her and she is now afraid of the repercussions. After they are alone Logan makes Chelsea a bed for her to sleep on her own but during the night Chelsea goes into Logans bed and he fails to resist, next morning police bust into Logans room waking both up and arresting Chelsea for Tafts murder. Logans career as an Assistant District Attorney is finished, Logan reluctantly teams up with Kelly, which is also encouraged by Logans daughter who thinks the two make a good couple. Logan, having realized that Cavanaugh was not who he thought he was, Brock forces Kelly and Chelsea to break open the hollow sculpture, grabs the painting inside and cuffs Chelsea to a table while struggling with Kelly, eventually leaving her unconscious. He then sets fire to part of the gallery, forcing an evacuation as a way to leave with the painting. Logan arrives and interrupts Brocks escape, Logan and Brock fight, Logan finds Kelly and Chelsea, grabs the painting and the three escape from the burning gallery, where Chelsea tearfully reveals the signature To Chelsea on the back of the painting. After all charges against Chelsea are dropped, Logans former boss offers to him back. Logan, however, decides to stay with Kelly, and the two set up an office together, tom Logan, Ladies and gentlemen, Chelsea Deardon didnt kill Victor Taft. The prosecution has suggested a motive, but one based on hearsay, conjecture. Evidence that appears to have substance, but upon closer examination. Tom Logan, Youre not buying this, are you, Youre not listening to a word Im saying. After listening to Mr. Blanchard lay out the prosecutions evidence, tom Logan, After all, if I had found Victor Taft, dead on the floor, and Chelsea Deardons fingerprints on the weapon, there isnt much that would convince me she isnt guilty. Look, lets save ourselves a lot of time, there are better things we could be doing
36.
Academy Awards
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The various category winners are awarded a copy of a golden statuette, officially called the Academy Award of Merit, which has become commonly known by its nickname Oscar. The awards, first presented in 1929 at the Hollywood Roosevelt Hotel, are overseen by AMPAS, the awards ceremony was first broadcast on radio in 1930 and televised for the first time in 1953. It is now live in more than 200 countries and can be streamed live online. The Academy Awards ceremony is the oldest worldwide entertainment awards ceremony and its equivalents – the Emmy Awards for television, the Tony Awards for theater, and the Grammy Awards for music and recording – are modeled after the Academy Awards. The 89th Academy Awards ceremony, honoring the best films of 2016, were held on February 26,2017, at the Dolby Theatre, in Los Angeles, the ceremony was hosted by Jimmy Kimmel and was broadcast on ABC. A total of 3,048 Oscars have been awarded from the inception of the award through the 88th, the first Academy Awards presentation was held on May 16,1929, at a private dinner function at the Hollywood Roosevelt Hotel with an audience of about 270 people. The post-awards party was held at the Mayfair Hotel, the cost of guest tickets for that nights ceremony was $5. Fifteen statuettes were awarded, honoring artists, directors and other participants in the industry of the time. The ceremony ran for 15 minutes, winners were announced to media three months earlier, however, that was changed for the second ceremony in 1930. Since then, for the rest of the first decade, the results were given to newspapers for publication at 11,00 pm on the night of the awards. The first Best Actor awarded was Emil Jannings, for his performances in The Last Command and he had to return to Europe before the ceremony, so the Academy agreed to give him the prize earlier, this made him the first Academy Award winner in history. With the fourth ceremony, however, the system changed, for the first six ceremonies, the eligibility period spanned two calendar years. At the 29th ceremony, held on March 27,1957, until then, foreign-language films had been honored with the Special Achievement Award. The 74th Academy Awards, held in 2002, presented the first Academy Award for Best Animated Feature, since 1973, all Academy Awards ceremonies always end with the Academy Award for Best Picture. The Academy also awards Nicholl Fellowships in Screenwriting, see also § Awards of Merit categories The best known award is the Academy Award of Merit, more popularly known as the Oscar statuette. The five spokes represent the branches of the Academy, Actors, Writers, Directors, Producers. The model for the statuette is said to be Mexican actor Emilio El Indio Fernández, sculptor George Stanley sculpted Cedric Gibbons design. The statuettes presented at the ceremonies were gold-plated solid bronze
37.
Golden Raspberry Awards
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The Golden Raspberry Awards often shortened to Razzies and Razzie Awards, is an award in recognition of the worst in film. The term raspberry in the name is used in its irreverent sense, the awards themselves are in the form of a golf ball-sized raspberry which sits atop a Super 8 mm film reel, the whole of which is spray painted gold. The first Golden Raspberry Awards ceremony was held on March 31,1981, wilsons living-room alcove in Los Angeles, to honor the worst in film of the 1980 film season. The 37th ceremony was held on February 25,2017, american publicist John J. B. Wilson traditionally held potluck parties at his house in Los Angeles on the night of the Academy Awards. In 1981, after the 53rd Academy Awards had completed for the evening, Wilson decided to formalize the event, after watching a double feature of Cant Stop the Music and Xanadu. He gave them ballots to vote on worst in film, approximately three dozen people came to the 1st Golden Raspberry Awards. The 2nd Golden Raspberry Awards had double the attendance as the first, by the 4th Golden Raspberry Awards ceremony, CNN and two major wire services covered the event. The term raspberry is used in its irreverent sense, as in blowing a raspberry, Wilson commented to the author of Blame It on the Dog, When I registered the term with the Library of Congress in 1980, they asked me, Why raspberry. But since then, razz has pretty much permeated the culture and we couldnt have done it without Hollywoods help. Wilson is referred to as Ye Olde Head Razzberry, paying members of the Golden Raspberry Award Foundation vote to determine the recipients. For the 29th Golden Raspberry Awards in 2009, award results were based on votes from approximately 650 journalists, cinema fans, voters hailed from 45 states in the United States and 19 other countries. The ceremony, typically one day before the Academy Awards, is modeled after the latter but deliberately low-end. Most winners do not attend the ceremony to collect their awards, notable exceptions include Tom Green, Halle Berry and Sandra Bullock, Michael Ferris, J. D. Shapiro, and Paul Verhoeven. Three people won both the Razzies and Oscars the same weekend, Alan Menken in 1993, Brian Helgeland in 1998, two actors had performances in the same movie scoring Oscar and Razzie nominations, James Coco and Amy Irving. Neil Diamond, winner of the inaugural Worst Actor Razzie for 1980s The Jazz Singer, was nominated for the Golden Globe in the same role, wall Street is the only film to date to win both an Oscar and a Razzie. Michael Douglas won the Academy Award for Best Actor, however Daryl Hannahs performance was not as well received and earned her a Razzie for Worst Supporting Actress, special prizes for the 25th anniversary of the Razzies awards were also given out in 2005. This is an award given by Razzie Award Governor John J. B. Wilson to an individual whose achievements are not covered by the Razzies other categories. It was awarded in 2003 to Travis Payne for Distinguished Under-Achievement in Choreography in the film From Justin to Kelly and this award is given to a critical and financial failure that wouldve been nominated if it had received an eligible release
38.
Fred Schepisi
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Frederic Alan Fred Schepisi, AO is an Australian film director, producer and screenwriter. His credits include The Chant of Jimmie Blacksmith, Plenty, Roxanne, Six Degrees of Separation, Mr. Baseball and Last Orders. Frederic Alan Schepisi was born in Melbourne, Victoria, the son of Loretto Ellen and Frederic Thomas Schepisi and he began his career in advertising and directed both commercials and documentaries before making his first feature film, The Devils Playground, in 1976. Schepisi won the Australian Film Institute Award for Best Direction and the Australian Film Institute Award for Best Screenplay for both The Devils Playground and Evil Angels, in 1991 his film The Russia House was nominated for the Golden Bear at the 41st Berlin International Film Festival. In 2007 he was the Chairman of the Jury at the 29th Moscow International Film Festival, in April 2008 it was announced Film Finance Corporation Australia was providing funding for Schepisis film The Last Man, about the final days of the Vietnam War. It was scheduled to begin filming in Queensland, with Guy Pearce and David Wenham in leading roles, in 2011 Schepisi directed The Eye of the Storm. Filmed in Melbourne, Sydney and Far North Queensland, and based on the novel by Patrick White, The Eye of the Storm stars Charlotte Rampling, Judy Davis, the story is about children finally understanding themselves through the context of family. In 2012 he directed Words and Pictures starring Juliet Binoche and Clive Owen, Schepisi has also directed a number of music videos, including for the 2008 song Breathe by Kaz James featuring Stu Stone. Asked about the existence of a filmmaker, Schepisi has said. I think were todays circus people and its very hard on your family. Mary travels with me and when everyone was younger and it was possible, I liked them to travel with me, fortunately, Marys an artist, she paints, and often finds inspiration from our locations. Schepisi has seven children and one grandchild. Fred Schepisi has been married three times and has seven children, joan gave him four children, his second wife Rhonda died of cancer, after giving him two more children. His third wife, Mary, whom he married in 1984 and he supports Australia becoming a republic and is a founding member of the Australian Republican Movement. The Devils Playground The Chant of Jimmie Blacksmith Barbarosa Iceman Plenty Roxanne Evil Angels The Russia House Mr. Baseball Six Degrees of Separation I. Q. com. au biography
39.
Edmond Rostand
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Edmond Eugène Alexis Rostand was a French poet and dramatist. He is associated with neo-romanticism and is known best for his play Cyrano de Bergerac, Rostands romantic plays contrasted with the naturalistic theatre popular during the late nineteenth century. Another of Rostands works, Les Romanesques, was adapted to the musical comedy, Rostand was born in Marseille, France, into a wealthy and cultured Provençal family. His father was an economist, a poet who translated and edited the works of Catullus, and a member of the Marseille Academy, Rostand studied literature, history, and philosophy at the Collège Stanislas in Paris, France. When Rostand was twenty years old, his first play, a comedy, Le Gant rouge, was performed at the Cluny Theatre,24 August 1888. In 1890, Rostand published a volume of poems called Les Musardises, a burlesque, Les Romanesques was produced on 21 May 1894, at the Théâtre Français, it would be adapted in 1960 by Tom Jones and Harvey Schmidt into the long-running American musical The Fantasticks. Another early play, La Princesse Lointaine, was based on the story of the 12th-century troubadour Jaufre Rudel and this play opened on 5 April 1895, at the Théâtre de la Renaissance. The part of Mélissinde was created by Sarah Bernhardt but the play was not particularly successful, when Berhardt performed it in London later the same year, it received a bad review from George Bernard Shaw but this was not surprising considering Shaws bias for realism. Rambaldo di Vaqueiras, I Monferrato,19221922 verse drama by Nino Berrini is based on La Princesse Lointaine, Bernhardt also was the original Photine of Rostands La Samaritaine, a Biblical drama in three scenes adapted from the gospel story of the woman of Samaria. While not a success, Rostand felt satisfied that he had proven to the public that he was something more than a writer of comedies. The production of his heroic comedy Cyrano de Bergerac, with Benoît-Constant Coquelin in the role, was a triumph. The first production lasted for more than 300 consecutive nights, no such enthusiasm for a drama in verse had been known since the time of Hugos Hernani. The play was translated into English, German, Russian. For his hero, he had drawn on French 17th-century history, lAiglon in six acts and in verse was produced by Sarah Bernhardt at her own theatre, she herself performing the part of the Duke of Reichstadt. In 1902, Rostand became the youngest writer to be elected to the Académie française and he relocated to Provence in 1903 and for the next seven years worked on his next play Chantecler. Produced in February 1910, it was awaited with an interest, enhanced by considerable delay in the production, lucien Guitry was in the title role and Mme. Simone played the part of the pheasant, the play being a fantasy of bird and animal life, and the characters, denizens of the farmyard, there were two unfinished and unpublished plays – Yorick and Les Petites Manies. Rostand was married to the poet and playwright Rosemonde-Étienette Gérard who, in 1890, published Les Pipeaux, the couple had two sons, Jean and Maurice
40.
Cyrano de Bergerac (play)
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Cyrano de Bergerac is a play written in 1897 by Edmond Rostand. Although there was a real Cyrano de Bergerac, the play is a fictionalization of his life follows the broad outlines of it. The entire play is written in verse, in rhyming couplets of twelve syllables per line, very close to the classical alexandrine form, but the verses sometimes lack a caesura. It is also researched, down to the names of the members of the Académie française. The play has been translated and performed many times, and is responsible for introducing the word panache into the English language, Cyrano is in fact famed for his panache, and the play ends with him saying My panache just before his death. The two most famous English translations are those by Brian Hooker and Anthony Burgess, hercule Savinien Cyrano de Bergerac, a cadet in the French Army, is a brash, strong-willed man of many talents. In addition to being a remarkable duelist, he is a gifted, however, he has an extremely large nose, which causes him to doubt himself. The play opens in Paris,1640, in the theatre of the Hôtel Burgundy, members of the audience slowly arrive, representing a cross-section of Parisian society from pickpockets to nobility. Christian de Neuvillette, a new cadet, arrives with Lignière. Lignière recognizes her as Roxane, and tells Christian about her, meanwhile, Ragueneau and Le Bret are expecting Cyrano de Bergerac, who has banished the actor Montfleury from the stage for a month. After Lignière leaves, Christian intercepts a pickpocket and, in return for his freedom, Christian departs to try to warn him. The play Clorise begins with Montfleurys entrance, Cyrano disrupts the play, forces Montfleury off stage, and compensates the manager for the loss of admission fees. Roxanes duenna then arrives, and asks where Roxane may meet Cyrano privately, Lignière is then brought to Cyrano, having learned that one hundred hired thugs are waiting to ambush him on his way home. Cyrano, now emboldened, vows to take on the entire mob single-handed, the next morning, at Ragueneaus bake shop, Ragueneau supervises various apprentice cooks in their preparations. Cyrano arrives, anxious about his meeting with Roxane and he is followed by a musketeer, a paramour of Ragueneaus domineering wife Lise, then the regular gathering of impoverished poets who take advantage of Ragueneaus hospitality. Roxane and Cyrano talk privately as she bandages his hand, she thanks him for defeating Valvert at the theater, and talks about a man with whom she has fallen in love. Cyrano thinks that she is talking about him at first, and is ecstatic, but Roxane describes her beloved as handsome, Roxane fears for Christians safety in the predominantly Gascon company of Cadets, so she asks Cyrano to befriend and protect him. After she leaves, Cyranos captain arrives with the cadets to congratulate him on his victory from the night before and they are followed by a huge crowd, including De Guiche and his entourage, but Cyrano soon drives them away
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Roger Ebert
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Roger Joseph Ebert was an American film critic and historian, journalist, screenwriter, and author. He was a critic for the Chicago Sun-Times from 1967 until his death in 2013. In 1975, Ebert became the first film critic to win the Pulitzer Prize for Criticism, the two verbally sparred and traded humorous barbs while discussing films. They created and trademarked the phrase Two Thumbs Up, used when both hosts gave the film a positive review. After Siskel died in 1999, Ebert continued hosting the show with various co-hosts and then, starting in 2000, Ebert lived with cancer of the thyroid and salivary glands from 2002. This required treatments necessitating the removal of his jaw, which cost him the ability to speak or eat normally. His ability to write remained unimpaired, however, and he continued to publish frequently both online and in print until his death on April 4,2013. Roger Joseph Ebert was born in Urbana, Illinois, the child of Annabel, a bookkeeper, and Walter Harry Ebert. He was raised Roman Catholic, attending St. Marys elementary school and his paternal grandparents were German immigrants and his maternal ancestry was Irish and Dutch. In his senior year, he was president and editor-in-chief of his high school newspaper. In 1958, he won the Illinois High School Association state speech championship in radio speaking, regarding his early influences in film criticism, Ebert wrote in the 1998 parody collection Mad About the Movies, I learned to be a movie critic by reading Mad magazine. Mads parodies made me aware of the machine inside the skin – of the way a movie might look original on the outside, I did not read the magazine, I plundered it for clues to the universe. Pauline Kael lost it at the movies, I lost it at Mad magazine, Ebert began taking classes at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign as an early-entrance student, completing his high-school courses while also taking his first university class. After graduating from Urbana High School in 1960, Ebert then attended and received his degree in 1964. As an undergraduate, he was a member of the Phi Delta Theta fraternity, One of the first movie reviews he ever wrote was a review of La Dolce Vita, published in The Daily Illini in October 1961. Ebert spent a semester as a student in the department of English there before attending the University of Cape Town on a Rotary fellowship for a year. He returned from Cape Town to his studies at Illinois for two more semesters and then, after being accepted as a PhD candidate at the University of Chicago. Instead Kogan referred Ebert to the city editor at the Chicago Sun-Times, Jim Hoge and he attended doctoral classes at the University of Chicago while working as a general reporter at the Sun-Times for a year
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High Spirits (film)
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High Spirits is a 1988 fantasy comedy film directed by Neil Jordan and starring Steve Guttenberg, Daryl Hannah, Beverly DAngelo, Liam Neeson and Peter OToole. Owing money to an American businessman, Plunkett has the idea to turn the castle into The most haunted castle in Europe for the tourist trade and he and his wacky staff of Irish characters set about creating ghost costumes and effects for their first group of American lodgers. The ghosts of two people, Mary Plunkett and Martin Brogan become romantically entangled with Guttenberg and DAngelos characters. This romantic twist is the focus of most of the plot, Daryl Hannah was nominated for a Razzie Award as Worst Supporting Actress, but lost to Kristy McNichol for Two Moon Junction. Scream Factory released the film for the first time on Blu-ray Disc in 2015. It was packaged as a feature with Vampires Kiss on February 13,2015. List of ghost films High Spirits at the Internet Movie Database High Spirits at AllMovie High Spirits at Box Office Mojo High Spirits at Rotten Tomatoes
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Peter O'Toole
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Peter Seamus OToole was a British-Irish stage and film actor. He achieved international recognition playing T. E. Lawrence in Lawrence of Arabia for which he received his first nomination for the Academy Award for Best Actor, in 2002, OToole was awarded the Academy Honorary Award for his career achievements. He was additionally the recipient of four Golden Globe Awards, one British Academy Film Award, some sources give his birthplace as Connemara, County Galway, Ireland, while others cite St James University Hospital, Leeds, England. Peter had a sister, Patricia. He grew up in the Hunslet, south Leeds, son of Constance Jane Eliot, a Scottish nurse, and Patrick Joseph Spats OToole, when OToole was one year old, his family began a five-year tour of major racecourse towns in Northern England. He was brought up as a Catholic, I used to be scared stiff of the nuns, their whole denial of womanhood – the black dresses and the shaving of the hair – was so horrible, so terrifying. Of course, thats all been stopped, theyre sipping gin and tonic in the Dublin pubs now, and a couple of them flashed their pretty ankles at me just the other day, he said. Upon leaving school OToole obtained employment as a trainee journalist and photographer on the Yorkshire Evening Post, as reported in a radio interview in 2006 on NPR, he was asked by an officer whether he had something he had always wanted to do. His reply was that he had wanted to try being either a poet or an actor. At RADA, he was in the class as Albert Finney, Alan Bates. OToole described this as the most remarkable class the academy ever had, OToole began working in the theatre, gaining recognition as a Shakespearean actor at the Bristol Old Vic and with the English Stage Company, before making his television debut in 1954. He first appeared on film in 1959 in a role in The Day They Robbed the Bank of England. OTooles major break came when he was chosen to play T. E. Lawrence in Sir David Leans Lawrence of Arabia, after Marlon Brando proved unavailable and his performance was ranked number one in Premiere magazines list of the 100 Greatest Performances of All Time. The role introduced him to US audiences and earned him the first of his eight nominations for the Academy Award for Best Actor, T. E. Lawrence, portrayed by OToole, was selected in 2003 as the tenth-greatest hero in cinema history by the American Film Institute. OToole was one of several actors to be Oscar-nominated for playing the role in two different films, he played King Henry II in both Becket and The Lion in Winter. OToole played Hamlet under Laurence Oliviers direction in the production of the Royal National Theatre in 1963. He demonstrated his comedic abilities alongside Peter Sellers in the Woody Allen-scripted comedy Whats New Pussycat and he appeared in Seán OCaseys Juno and the Paycock at Dublins Gaiety Theatre. In 1969, he played the role in the film Goodbye, Mr. Chips
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Crimes and Misdemeanors
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In several publications, Crimes and Misdemeanors has been ranked as one of Allens greatest films. The story follows two characters, Judah Rosenthal, a successful ophthalmologist, and Clifford Stern, a small-time documentary filmmaker. Judah, a family man, is having an affair with flight attendant Dolores Paley. After it becomes clear to her that Judah will not end his marriage, Dolores, scorned, doloress letter to Miriam is intercepted and destroyed by Judah, but she sustains the pressure on him with threats of revelation. She is also aware of some questionable financial deals Judah has made and he confides in a patient, Ben, a rabbi who is rapidly losing his eyesight. Ben advises openness and honesty between Judah and his wife, but Judah does not wish to imperil his marriage, desperate, Judah turns to his brother, Jack, who hires a hitman to kill Dolores. Before her corpse is discovered, Judah retrieves letters and other items from her apartment in order to cover his tracks, stricken with guilt, Judah turns to the religious teachings he had rejected, believing for the first time that a just God is watching him and passing judgment. Cliff, meanwhile, has been hired by his pompous brother-in-law, Lester, while filming and mocking the subject, Cliff falls in love with Lesters associate producer, Halley Reed. Despondent over his marriage to Lesters sister Wendy, he woos Halley, showing her footage from his ongoing documentary about Prof. Louis Levy. He makes sure Halley is aware that he is shooting Lesters documentary merely for the money so he can finish his more meaningful project with Levy, Cliffs dislike for Lester becomes evident during the first screening of the film. It juxtaposes footage of Lester with clownish poses of Benito Mussolini addressing a throng of supporters from a balcony and it also shows Lester yelling at his employees and clumsily making a pass at an attractive young actress. Cliff learns that Professor Levy, whom he had been profiling on the strength of his celebration of life, has committed suicide, leaving a curt note, Ive gone out the window. When Halley visits to him, he makes a pass at her. Hearing that Lester sent Halley white roses round the clock, for days while they were in London and his last romantic gesture to Halley had been a love letter which, he admits with humor, he had mostly plagiarized from James Joyce. In the final scene, Judah and Cliff meet by happenstance at the wedding of the daughter of rabbi Ben, who is Cliffs brother-in-law and Judahs patient. Once deeply anguished by the murder he arranged, Judah has worked through his guilt and is enjoying life once more and he draws Cliff into a supposedly hypothetical discussion that draws upon his moral quandary. Judah says that time, any crisis will pass, but Cliff morosely claims instead that one is forever fated to bear ones burdens for crimes. Judah cheerfully leaves the party with his wife, and Cliff is left sitting alone
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Woody Allen
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Heywood Woody Allen is an American actor, writer, director, comedian, playwright, and musician whose career spans more than six decades. He worked as a writer in the 1950s, writing jokes and scripts for television. In the early 1960s, Allen began performing as a stand-up comedian, as a comedian, he developed the persona of an insecure, intellectual, fretful nebbish, which he maintains is quite different from his real-life personality. In 2004, Comedy Central ranked Allen in fourth place on a list of the 100 greatest stand-up comedians and he is often identified as part of the New Hollywood wave of filmmakers of the mid-1960s to late 1970s. Allen often stars in his films, typically in the persona he developed as a standup, some of the best-known of his over 40 films are Annie Hall, Manhattan, and Hannah and Her Sisters. In 2007 he said Stardust Memories, The Purple Rose of Cairo, critic Roger Ebert described Allen as a treasure of the cinema. Allen won four Academy Awards, three for Best Original Screenplay and one for Best Director and he also won nine British Academy of Film and Television Arts Awards. His screenplay for Annie Hall was named the funniest screenplay by the Writers Guild of America in its list of the 101 Funniest Screenplays, in 2011, PBS televised the film biography Woody Allen, A Documentary on the American Masters TV series. Allen was born Allan Stewart Konigsberg in Brooklyn, New York and he and his sister, Letty, were raised in Midwood, Brooklyn. He is the son of Nettie, a bookkeeper at her familys delicatessen, and Martin Konigsberg and his family was Jewish, his grandparents immigrated from Russia and Austria, and spoke Yiddish, Hebrew, and German. His parents were born and raised on the Lower East Side of Manhattan. His childhood was not particularly happy, his parents did not get along, Allen spoke German quite a bit in his early years. He would later joke that when he was young he was sent to inter-faith summer camps. While attending Hebrew school for eight years, he went to Public School 99 and to Midwood High School, at that time, he lived in an apartment at 968 East 14th Street. Unlike his comic persona, he was interested in baseball than school. He impressed students with his talent at card and magic tricks. To raise money, he wrote jokes for agent David O. Alber, at the age of 17, he legally changed his name to Heywood Allen and later began to call himself Woody Allen. According to Allen, his first published joke read, Woody Allen says he ate at a restaurant that had O. P. S and he was then earning more than both parents combined
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