1.
Oakland Athletics
–
The Oakland Athletics are an American professional baseball team based in Oakland, California. The Athletics compete in Major League Baseball as a club of the American League West division. The club plays its games at the Oakland–Alameda County Coliseum. The club has won nine World Series championships, the third most of all current Major League Baseball teams, the Athletics 2017 season will be the teams 50th season in Oakland. One of the American Leagues eight charter franchises, the club was founded in Philadelphia and they won three World Series championships from 1910 to 1913 and two in a row in 1929 and 1930. The teams owner and manager for its first 50 years was Connie Mack and Hall of Fame players included Chief Bender, Frank Home Run Baker, Jimmie Foxx, the team left Philadelphia for Kansas City in 1955 and became the Kansas City Athletics before moving to Oakland in 1968. They won three World Championships in a row from 1972 to 1974, led by players including Catfish Hunter, Reggie Jackson, ace reliever Rollie Fingers, after being sold by Finley to Walter A. Haas, Jr. The film Moneyball, and the book on which it is based, the As made their Bay Area debut on Wednesday, April 17,1968, with a 4-1 loss to the Baltimore Orioles at the Coliseum, in front of an opening-night crowd of 50,164. The Athletics name originated in the term Athletic Club for local gentlemens clubs—dates to 1860 when an amateur team, the team later turned professional through 1875, becoming a charter member of the National League in 1876, but were expelled from the N. L. after one season. A later version of the Athletics played in the American Association from 1882–1891, McGraw and Mack had known each other for years, and McGraw accepted it graciously. By 1909, the As were wearing an elephant logo on their sweaters, over the years the elephant has appeared in several different colors. In 1963, when the As were located in Kansas City and this is rumored to have been done by Finley in order to appeal to fans from the region who were predominantly Democrats at the time. Since 1988, the Athletics 21st season in Oakland, an illustration of an elephant has adorned the sleeve of the As home. Beginning in the mid 1980s, the on-field costumed incarnation of the As elephant mascot went by the name Harry Elephante, in 1997, he took his current form, Stomper. Through the seasons, the Athletics uniforms have usually paid homage to their forebears to some extent. Until 1954, when the uniforms had Athletics spelled out in script across the front, furthermore, neither Philadelphia nor the letter P ever appeared on the uniform or cap. The typical Philadelphia uniform had only a script A on the left front, in the early days of the American League, the standings listed the club as Athletic rather than Philadelphia, in keeping with the old tradition. Eventually, the city came to be used for the team
2.
Right fielder
–
A right fielder, abbreviated RF, is the outfielder in baseball or softball who plays defense in right field. Right field is the area of the outfield to the right of a person standing at home plate, in the numbering system used to record defensive plays, the right fielder is assigned the number 9. Outfielders must cover large distances, so speed, instincts and quickness to react to the ball are key. They must be able to fly balls above their head and on the run. Being situated 250–300 feet from home plate, they must be able to throw the ball accurately over a distance to be effective. Of all outfield positions, the right fielder often has the strongest arm, the right fielder backs up second base on any ball thrown from the left side of the field, i. e. shortstop, third base, or foul line territory. The right fielder backs up first base when the first baseman is in a run down between 3rd base and home, right field has developed a reputation in Little League as being a position where less talented players can be hidden without damaging a teams defense in any significant way. Additionally, since most batters are right-handed, the fielder will have far more opportunities to make a play than the right fielder. Lucy van Pelt Evelyn Gardner Baseball Hall of Fame Gold Glove Award Outfielder
3.
Designated hitter
–
In baseball, the designated hitter rule is the common name for Major League Baseball Rule 5.11, adopted by the American League in 1973. The rule allows teams to have one player, known as the designated hitter, since 1973, most collegiate, amateur, and professional leagues have adopted the rule or some variant. MLBs National League and Nippon Professional Baseballs Central League are the most prominent professional leagues that do not use a designated hitter, in Major League Baseball, the designated hitter is a hitter who does not play a position, but instead fills in the batting order for the pitcher. The DH may only be used for the pitcher, as stated in Rule 5.11, use of the DH is optional, but must be determined prior to the start of the game. If a team does not begin a game with a DH, the designated hitter may be replaced as DH only by a player who has not entered the game. If a pinch hitter bats for, or a pinch runner runs for, the DH, the designated hitter can be moved to a fielding position during the game. If the DH is moved to position, his team forfeits the role of the designated hitter. If the designated hitter is moved to pitcher, any subsequent pitcher would bat should that spot in the order come up again. Unlike other positions, the DH is locked into the batting order, No multiple substitution may be made to alter the batting rotation of the DH. In other words, a switch involving the DH and a position player is not legal. For example, if the DH is batting fourth and the catcher is batting eighth, the manager cannot replace both players so as to have the new catcher bat fourth and the new DH bat eighth. In Major League Baseball, during play, the application of the DH rule is determined by the identity of the home team. If the game is played in an American League park, the hitter may be used, in a National League park. At first, the DH rule was not applied to the World Series, from 1973 to 1975, all World Series games were played under National League rules, with no DH and pitchers batting. For 1976, it was decided the DH rule would apply to all games in a World Series, regardless of venue, but only in even-numbered years. Cincinnati Reds first baseman Dan Driessen became the first National League player to act as a DH in any capacity when he was listed as the DH in the first game. Beginning in 1986, the DH rule was used in games played in the stadium of the American League representative, there was initially no DH in the All-Star Game. Beginning in 1989, the rule was applied only to games played in American League stadiums, since 2010, the designated hitter has always been used by both teams regardless of where the game is played
4.
Calhoun City, Mississippi
–
Calhoun City is a town in Calhoun County, Mississippi, United States. The population was 1,774 at the 2010 census, Calhoun City is located in south-central Calhoun County at 33°51′25″N 89°18′48″W. It is bordered on the east by the town of Derma, Mississippi Highway 9 runs through the center of the town, leading north 6 miles to Pittsboro, the county seat, and 10 miles north to Bruce. Mississippi Highway 8 leads east from the center of town 8 miles to Vardaman and 18 miles to Houston, the two highways head south from the town together, Highway 9 leading 9 miles south to Slate Springs and Highway 8 leading 31 miles south then west to Grenada. According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has an area of 2.37 square miles, of which 2.36 square miles is land and 0.02 square miles. The Yalobusha River, a tributary of the Yazoo River, passes a mile south of the center of town, as of the census of 2000, there were 1,872 people,736 households, and 530 families residing in the town. The population density was 789.1 people per square mile, there were 827 housing units at an average density of 348.6 per square mile. The racial makeup of the town was 66. 72% Caucasian,32. 00% African American,0. 11% Native American,0. 05% Asian,0. 16% from other races, hispanic or Latino of any race were 0. 69% of the population. 26. 4% of all households were made up of individuals and 15. 6% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older, the average household size was 2.38 and the average family size was 2.84. In the town, the population was out with 25. 1% under the age of 18,8. 1% from 18 to 24,23. 2% from 25 to 44,21. 6% from 45 to 64. The median age was 39 years, for every 100 females there were 73.0 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 66.4 males, the median income for a household in the town was $23,983, and the median income for a family was $28,047. Males had an income of $27,917 versus $20,292 for females. The per capita income for the town was $14,294, about 23. 2% of families and 25. 2% of the population were below the poverty line, including 41. 1% of those under age 18 and 16. 9% of those age 65 or over. Calhoun City is served by the Calhoun County School District, the district is home to the Bruce Trojans, the Vardaman Rams, and the Calhoun City Wildcats
5.
Batting average
–
Batting average is a statistic in cricket, baseball, and softball that measures the performance of batsmen in cricket and batters in baseball. The development of the statistic was influenced by the cricket statistic. In cricket, a batting average is the total number of runs they have scored divided by the number of times they have been out. The number is also simple to interpret intuitively, if all the batsmans innings were completed, this is the average number of runs they score per innings. If they did not complete all their innings, this number is an estimate of the average number of runs they score per innings. Batting average has been used to gauge cricket players relative skills since the 18th century, most players have career batting averages in the range of 20 to 40. This is also the range for wicket-keepers, though some fall short. All-rounders who are more prominent bowlers than batsmen typically average something between 20 and 30,15 and under is typical for specialist bowlers. Under this qualification, the highest Test batting average belongs to Australias Sir Donald Bradman, given that a career batting average over 50 is exceptional, and that only four other players have averages over 60, this is an outstanding statistic. The fact that Bradmans average is so far above that of any other cricketer has led several statisticians to argue that, statistically at least, he was the greatest sportsman in any sport. As at 21 October 2016, Adam Voges of Australia has recorded an average of 72.75 from 27 innings played and it should also be remembered, especially in relation to the ODI histogram above, that there were no ODI competitions when Bradman played. If their scores have a geometric distribution then total number of runs scored divided by the number of times out is the maximum likelihood estimate of their true unknown average, Batting averages can be strongly affected by the number of not outs. A different, and more developed, statistic which is also used to gauge the effectiveness of batsmen is the strike rate. It measures a different concept however – how quickly the batsman scores – so it does not supplant the role of batting average and it is used particularly in limited overs matches, where the speed at which a batsman scores is more important than it is in first-class cricket. Table shows players with at least 20 innings completed, in baseball, the batting average is defined by the number of hits divided by at bats. It is usually reported to three places and read without the decimal, A player with a batting average of.300 is batting three-hundred. A point is understood, in only, to be.001. If necessary to break ties, batting averages could be taken beyond the.001 measurement, henry Chadwick, an English statistician raised on cricket, was an influential figure in the early history of baseball
6.
Hit (baseball)
–
If a batter reaches first base because of offensive interference by a preceding runner, he is also credited with a hit. A hit for one base is called a single, for two bases a double, and for three bases a triple, a home run is also scored as a hit. Doubles, triples, and home runs are also called extra base hits, an infield hit is a hit where the ball does not leave the infield. Infield hits are uncommon by nature, and most often earned by speedy runners, a no-hitter is a game in which one of the teams prevented the other from getting a hit. Throwing a no-hitter is rare and considered an accomplishment for a pitcher or pitching staff. In most cases in the game, no-hitters are accomplished by a single pitcher who throws a complete game. A pitcher who throws a no-hitter could still allow runners to reach safely, by way of walks, errors, hit batsmen. If the pitcher allows no runners to reach base, the no-hitter is a perfect game, in 1887, Major League Baseball counted bases on balls as hits. The result was skyrocketing batting averages, including some near.500, Tip ONeill of the St. Louis Browns batted.485 that season, the experiment was abandoned the following season. There is controversy regarding how the records of 1887 should be interpreted, the number of legitimate walks and at-bats are known for all players that year, so computing averages using the same method as in other years is straightforward. In 1968, Major League Baseball formed a Special Baseball Records Committee to resolve this issues, the Committee ruled that walks in 1887 should not be counted as hits. Most current sources list ONeills 1887 average as.435, as calculated by omitting his walks and he would retain his American Association batting championship. However, the variance between methods results in differing recognition for the 1887 National League batting champion, cap Anson would be recognized, with his.421 average, if walks are included, but Sam Thompson would be the champion at.372 if they are not. The official rulebook of Major League Baseball states in Rule 10, Rule 10.05 Comment, In applying Rule 10.05, the official scorer shall always give the batter the benefit of the doubt. Runner is called out for interference with a fielder attempting to field a batted ball, unless in the scorers judgment the batter-runner would have been safe had the interference not occurred
7.
Home run
–
In modern baseball, the feat is typically achieved by hitting the ball over the outfield fence between the foul poles without first touching the ground, resulting in an automatic home run. There is also the home run, increasingly rare in modern baseball. When a home run is scored, the batter is credited with a hit and a run scored. Likewise, the pitcher is recorded as having given up a hit, a batted ball is also a home run if it touches either foul pole or its attached screen before touching the ground, as the foul poles are by definition in fair territory. A batted ball that goes over the wall after touching the ground is not a home run. A fielder is allowed to reach over the wall to attempt to catch the ball as long as his feet are on or over the field during the attempt. If the fielder successfully catches the ball while it is in flight the batter is out, however, since the fielder is not part of the field, a ball that bounces off a fielder and over the wall without touching the ground is still a home run. A home run accomplished in any of the above manners is a home run. This stipulation is in Approved Ruling of Rule 7.10, an inside-the-park home run occurs when a batter hits the ball into play and is able to circle the bases before the fielders can put him out. Unlike with a home run, the batter-runner and all preceding runners are liable to be put out by the defensive team at any time while running the bases. This can only happen if the ball does not leave the ballfield, with outfields much less spacious and more uniformly designed than in the games early days, inside-the-park home runs are now a rarity. They are usually the result of a ball being hit by a very fast runner, either way, this sends the ball into open space in the outfield and thereby allows the batter-runner to circle the bases before the defensive team can put him out. The speed of the runner is crucial as even triples are relatively rare in most modern ballparks, all runs scored on such a play, however, still count. An example of an unexpected bounce occurred during the 2007 Major League Baseball All-Star Game at AT&T Park in San Francisco on July 10,2007, by the time the ball was relayed, Ichiro had already crossed the plate standing up. This was the first inside-the-park home run in All-Star Game history, Home runs are often characterized by the number of runners on base at the time. A home run hit with the bases empty is seldom called a one-run homer, with one runner on base, two runs are scored and thus the home run is often called a two-run homer or two-run shot. Similarly, a home runs with two runners on base is a three-run homer or three-run shot, the term four-run homer is seldom used, instead, it is nearly always called a grand slam. Hitting a grand slam is the best possible result for the turn at bat
8.
Run batted in
–
A run batted in, plural runs batted in, is a statistic in baseball and softball that credits a batter for making a play that allows a run to be scored. For example, if the batter bats a base hit, then another player on a base can go home. Prior to the 1920 Major League Baseball season, runs batted in were not a baseball statistic. Nevertheless, the RBI statistic was tabulated—unofficially—from 1907 through 1919 by baseball writer Ernie Lanigan, common nicknames for an RBI include ribby, rib, and ribeye. The plural of RBI is generally RBIs, although some commentators use RBI as both singular and plural, as it can stand for runs batted in. The official scorers judgment must determine whether a run batted in shall be credited for a run that scores when a fielder holds the ball or throws to a wrong base. The perceived significance of the RBI is displayed by the fact that it is one of the three categories that comprise the triple crown, in addition, career RBIs are often cited in debates over who should be elected to the Hall of Fame. This implies that better offensive teams—and therefore, the teams in which the most players get on base—tend to produce hitters with higher RBI totals than equivalent hitters on lesser-hitting teams, totals are current through October 8,2015
9.
Pittsburgh Pirates
–
The Pittsburgh Pirates are an American professional baseball team based in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. The Pirates compete in Major League Baseball as a club of the National League Central division. Founded on October 15,1881 as Allegheny, the franchise has won five World Series championships, the Pirates are also often referred to as the Bucs or the Buccos. They also won the 1971 World Series, led by the talent of Roberto Clemente, overall, the Pirates have won five World Series and lost two. They would then advance to the NL Division Series round, where they lost in 5 games to the St. Louis Cardinals, the Pirates would continue their success and make the playoffs in both 2014 and 2015, losing in the Wild Card Game both times. Professional baseball has been played in the Pittsburgh area since 1876, the teams of the era were independents, barnstorming throughout the region and not affiliated with any organized league, though they did have salaries and were run as business organizations. On October 15,1881, the strongest team in the joined the American Association as a founding member to begin play in 1882. Their various home fields in the 19th century were in a city called Allegheny City. After five mediocre seasons in the A. A, Pittsburgh became the first A. A. team to switch to the older National League in 1887. At this time, the team renamed itself the Pittsburgh Alleghenys, at that time, owner-manager Horace Phillips sold the team to Dennis McKnight, Phillips stayed on as manager. Before the 1890 season, nearly all of the Alleghenys best players bolted to the Players Leagues Pittsburgh Burghers, the Players League collapsed after the season, and the players were allowed to go back to their old clubs. However, the Alleghenys also scooped up highly regarded second baseman Lou Bierbauer, although the Athletics had failed to include Bierbauer on their reserve list, they loudly protested the Alleghenys move. In an official complaint, an AA official claimed the Alleghenys signing of Bierbauer was piratical and this incident quickly accelerated into a schism between the leagues that contributed to the demise of the A. A. Although the Alleghenys were never found guilty of wrongdoing, they made sport of being denounced for being piratical by renaming themselves the Pirates for the 1891 season, the nickname was first acknowledged on the teams uniforms in 1912. The Pirates were a team in the early 1900s, winning National League pennants from 1901–1903. They again won the NL in 1925 and 1927 and the World Series in 1925, after a slow period, they returned to dominance and won the 1960 World Series,1971 World Series and 1979 World Series. They won Eastern Division titles from 1990–1992 but did not return to the post-season after that until 2013, on Opening Day 2015 the Pirates loss to the Cincinnati Reds represented its 10, 000th franchise loss since moving to the NL. This made the Pirates the fourth MLB team to achieve distinction, following the Philadelphia Phillies, Atlanta Braves
10.
Cincinnati Reds
–
The Cincinnati Reds are an American professional baseball team based in Cincinnati, Ohio. The Reds compete in Major League Baseball as a club of the National League Central division. They were a member of the American Association in 1882. The Reds played in the NL West division from 1969 to 1993 and they have won five World Series titles, nine NL pennants, one AA pennant, and 10 division titles. The team plays its games at Great American Ball Park. Bob Castellini has been executive officer since 2006. The origins of the modern Cincinnati Reds can be traced to the expulsion of a team bearing that name. Both were important activities to entice the citys large German population, while Hulbert made clear his distaste for both beer and Sunday baseball at the founding of the league, neither practice was actually against league rules in those early years. On October 6,1880, however, seven of the eight team owners pledged at a league meeting to formally ban both beer and Sunday baseball at the regular league meeting that December. Only Cincinnati president W. H. Kennett refused to sign the pledge, when these attempts failed, he formed a new independent ballclub known as the Red Stockings in the Spring of 1881, and brought the team to St. Louis for a weekend exhibition. The Reds first game was a 12–3 victory over the St. Louis club, upon arriving in the city, however, Caylor and Thorner discovered that no other owners had decided to accept the invitation, with even Phillips not bothering to attend his own meeting. By chance, the duo met a former pitcher named Al Pratt, the ploy worked, and the American Association was officially formed at the Hotel Gibson in Cincinnati with the new Reds a charter member with Thorner as president. The club never placed higher than second or lower than fifth for the rest of its tenure in the American Association, the National League was happy to accept the teams in part due to the emergence of the new Players League. This new league, a failed attempt to break the reserve clause in baseball. Because the National League decided to expand while the American Association was weakening and it was also at this time that the team first shortened their name from Red Stockings to Reds. The Reds wandered through the 1890s signing local stars and aging veterans, during this time, the team never finished above third place and never closer than 10½ games. At the start of the 20th century, the Reds had hitting stars Sam Crawford, seymours.377 average in 1905 was the first individual batting crown won by a Red. In 1911, Bob Bescher stole 81 bases, which is still a team record, like the previous decade, the 1900s were not kind to the Reds, as much of the decade was spent in the leagues second division
11.
1988 Major League Baseball season
–
The 1988 Major League Baseball season ended with the underdog Los Angeles Dodgers shocking the Oakland Athletics, who had won 104 games during the regular season, in the World Series. The Dodgers went on to win the Series in five games, the As surrounded him with a stellar supporting cast, led by fellow slugger Mark McGwire. Speaking of the Dodgers, nobody expected them to even contend for the National League West title in 1988, let alone win the World Championship. However, the intensity and clutch hitting of Gibson and the pitching of Orel Hershiser spearheaded L. A. to a division championship by seven games over the Cincinnati Reds. In addition to his 23 victories, Hershiser led the National League with 267 innings pitched and 8 shutouts and these accomplishments, combined with his 2.26 ERA, earned him the National League Cy Young Award. He hurled another complete game shutout in Game 2 of the World Series, Hershiser was named MVP of both the NLCS and the World Series, capping off arguably one of the greatest seasons a starting pitcher has ever had. Stargell becomes the 17th player to be elected in his first year of eligibility, pitcher Jim Bunning garners 317 votes, and falls four votes shy of the 321 needed for election in his 13th year on the ballot. March 1 – For the first time since 1956, the Special Veterans Committee does not elect anyone to the Hall of Fame, phil Rizzuto, Leo Durocher, Joe Gordon and Gil Hodges are among the candidates passed over. April – The Baltimore Orioles begin the season with a Major League-record 21 consecutive losses, manager Cal Ripken, Sr. was a casualty of the streak, losing his job after the sixth consecutive loss. April 4 – George Bell becomes the first player to hit three home runs on Opening Day, as the Toronto Blue Jays defeat the Kansas City Royals 5-3. April 4 – The New York Mets hit six runs in a 10-6 win over the Montreal Expos. September 17 – Jeff Reardon becomes the first pitcher to save 40 games in both leagues as the Minnesota Twins beat the Chicago White Sox 3–1, Reardon, who saved 42 games for the Montréal Expos in 1985, pitches the ninth inning for his 40th save in 47 opportunities. September 19 – The Oakland Athletics clinch their first American League West title since 1981 with a 5–3 victory over the Minnesota Twins, the As would finish the season with 104 wins, a franchise record. September 22 – The New York Mets lock up the National League East with a 3–1 win over the Philadelphia Phillies, September 26 – The Los Angeles Dodgers pull out a 3–2 victory in San Diego to secure their fourth National League West championship of the decade. September 30 – Despite a 4–2 loss in Cleveland, the Boston Red Sox triumph in a close race for the American League East by virtue of Milwaukees 7–1 loss to Oakland. October 9 – The Oakland Athletics complete a sweep of the Boston Red Sox in the ALCS with a 4–1 victory at the Oakland–Alameda County Coliseum. As closer Dennis Eckersley, who saved all four Oakland wins, is named Series MVP, october 12 – A gruelling seven-game NLCS is decided as the Los Angeles Dodgers blank the New York Mets 6–0. Orel Hershiser, who saved Game 4 and threw a complete shutout in Game 7
12.
Milwaukee Brewers
–
The Milwaukee Brewers are an American professional baseball team and are based in Milwaukee, Wisconsin. The team is named for the association with the brewing industry. Since 2001, the Brewers have played their games at Miller Park. The team was founded in 1969 as the Seattle Pilots, an team of the American League, in Seattle. The Pilots played their games at Sicks Stadium. After only one season, the relocated to Milwaukee, becoming known as the Brewers. In 1998, the Brewers joined the National League and they are the only franchise to play in four divisions since the advent of divisional play in Major League Baseball in 1969. The teams only World Series appearance came in 1982, after winning the ALCS against the California Angels, the Brewers faced off against the St. Louis Cardinals in the World Series, losing 4-3. In 2011, the Brewers won the NLDS versus the Arizona Diamondbacks 3–2, the Brewers were part of the American League from their creation in 1969 through the 1997 season, after which they moved to the National League Central Division. Milwaukee had previously been a National League city when its team was the Milwaukee Braves, in 1981, Milwaukee won the American League East Division in the second half of the strike-shortened season. In the playoffs, they lost the series to the New York Yankees. In 1982, Milwaukee won the American League East Division and the American League Pennant, in the Series, they lost to the St. Louis Cardinals, four games to three. In 1998, the Brewers changed leagues, going from the American League to the National League, in 2008, for the first time in the 26 years since their World Series appearance, the Brewers advanced to postseason play by winning the National League wild card. They were eliminated in the National League Division Series by the eventual World Series champion Philadelphia Phillies, on September 23,2011, the Milwaukee Brewers clinched their first division title in 29 years. The first Brewers uniforms were hand-me-downs from the Seattle Pilots, because the move to Milwaukee received final approval less than a week before the start of the season, there was no time to order new uniforms. However, the outline of the Pilots logo remained visible, the uniforms had unique striping on the sleeves left over from the Pilots days. The cap was a version of the Milwaukee Braves cap in blue. Ultimately, it was decided to keep blue and gold as the team colors, the Brewers finally got their own flannel design in 1971
13.
1990 Major League Baseball season
–
The 1990 Major League Baseball season. February – The 1990 Major League Baseball lockout begins and it lasts 32 days, and as a result virtually wipes out all of spring training and also pushes Opening Day back a week to April 9. In addition, the 1990 season has to be extended by three days in order to accommodate the normal 162-game schedule. April 20 – After retiring the first 26 Oakland Athletics batters, may 22 – Andre Dawson of the Chicago Cubs is intentionally walked by Cincinnati Reds pitching five times. He is the first player to do so in Major League history, june 11 – Nolan Ryan pitches the sixth no-hitter of his career by defeating the Oakland Athletics in Oakland, 5–0. June 14 – It is announced that the National League will be expanding by two teams for the 1993 season, june 29 – For the first time in major league history, two no-hitters are thrown on the same day in both leagues. Dave Stewart of the Oakland Athletics pitches a 5–0 no-hitter against his future team, hours later, Dodger pitcher Fernando Valenzuela no-hits the St. Louis Cardinals at Dodger Stadium, 6–0. July 1 – While no longer recognized as such, the New York Yankees Andy Hawkins pitches a no-hitter at old Comiskey Park, however, walks and errors lead to four unearned runs as the Chicago White Sox win 4–0. July 10 – Six American League pitchers combine for a two-hitter, Texas Rangers second baseman Julio Franco drives in both runs in the seventh inning and is named MVP. July 12 – Barry Bonds hits his 100th career home run, july 17 – The Minnesota Twins turn two triple plays in a single game against the Boston Red Sox, yet still lose the game 1–0 on an unearned run. July 31 – Nolan Ryan of the Texas Rangers earns his 300th career win, august 31 – Ken Griffey and his son Ken Griffey, Jr. start for the Seattle Mariners in a game against the Kansas City Royals. It marks the first time a father and son have ever played in the same Major League game, september 2 – After coming close on numerous occasions, Dave Stieb of the Toronto Blue Jays hurls his teams first no-hitter, blanking the Cleveland Indians 3–0 at Cleveland Stadium. September 3 – Reliever Bobby Thigpen sets a league record with his 47th save in a 4–2 Chicago White Sox victory over the Kansas City Royals. The previous record was set by Dave Righetti of the New York Yankees in 1986, september 14 – Ken Griffey and Ken Griffey, Jr. hit back-to-back home runs for the Seattle Mariners in a 7–5 loss to the California Angels. Pitcher Kirk McCaskill gives up the home runs. September 15 – Bobby Thigpen of the Chicago White Sox saves his fiftieth game, the White Sox defeat the Boston Red Sox 7–5. Willie Mays is the first, though they later be joined by Barry Bonds. September 25 – The Oakland Athletics secure their third straight American League West championship with a 5–0 shutout of the Royals in Kansas City, the As would finish with the best record in baseball at 103–59, the third consecutive year they have done so
14.
Los Angeles Angels
–
The Los Angeles Angels of Anaheim are an American professional baseball team based in Anaheim, California. The Angels compete in Major League Baseball as a club of the American League West division. The Angels have played games at Angel Stadium of Anaheim since 1966. Wrigley, the owner of the Chicago Cubs at the time, in 2009, the Angels won the AL West division championship for the third straight season. The team name started in 1892, in 1903, the name continued in L. A. through the PCL. After the Angels joined the Major Leagues, some players from the Angels PCL team joined the Major League Angels in 1961. The Angels were one of two teams established as a result of the 1961 Major League Baseball expansion, along with the second incarnation of the Washington Senators. The team then moved in 1962 to newly built Dodger Stadium, which the Angels referred to as Chavez Ravine, the teams founder, entertainer Gene Autry, owned the franchise for its first 36 years. During Autrys ownership, the made the playoffs three times, but never won the pennant. When The Walt Disney Company took control of the team in 1997, it extensively renovated Anaheim Stadium, the City of Anaheim contributed $30 million to the $118 million renovation with a renegotiated lease providing that the names of both the stadium and team contain the word Anaheim. The team was renamed the Anaheim Angels and became a subsidiary of Disney Sports, under Disneys ownership and the leadership of manager Mike Scioscia, the Angels won their first pennant and World Series championship in 2002. In 2005, new owner Arturo Moreno added Los Angeles to the name in order to better tap into the teams history. He also stated that as Los Angeles is the second largest market in the U. S. its addition would benefit the team greatly. In compliance with the terms of its lease with the city of Anaheim, which required Anaheim be a part of the teams name, local media in Southern California tend to omit a geographic identifier and refer to the team as the Angels or as the Halos. The Associated Press, the most prominent news service in the U. S. refers to the team as the Los Angeles Angels, the mantra Win One for the Cowboy is a staple that is deeply rooted in Angels history for fans. The saying refers to the Angels founder and previous owner, Gene Autry, years went by as the team experienced many losses just strikes away from American League pennants. Autrys #26 was retired as the 26th man on the field for the Angels, Angel Stadium of Anaheim is nicknamed The Big A. It has a section in center field nicknamed the California Spectacular, each game begins with the song Calling All Angels by Train being played on the P. A. with Norman Greenbaums Spirit in the Sky being played during the teams starting lineup announcement
15.
1991 Major League Baseball season
–
The 1991 Major League Baseball season. Most Valuable Player Cal Ripken, Jr, the standings in the American League West were quite notable because all the teams in that division finished with at least a.500 record. MVP January 6 – Alan Wiggins, former leadoff hitter for the San Diego Padres, January 7 – Pete Rose is released from Marion Federal Prison after serving a five-month sentence for tax evasion. February 4 – The 12 members of the board of directors of the Hall of Fame vote unanimously to bar Pete Rose from the ballot and he will become eligible again only if the commissioner reinstates him by December 2005. February 26 – New York Yankees second baseman Tony Lazzeri and major league owner Bill Veeck are elected to the Hall of Fame by the Veterans Committee. April 8 – Just hours before the first pitch of the baseball season, april 18 – The new Comiskey Park opens across the street from where the original stood in Chicago. A sold-out stadium sees the Detroit Tigers defeat the Chicago White Sox, april 23 – Nick Leyva is fired as manager of the Philadelphia Phillies, becoming the first manager fired in 1991. May 1 – Nolan Ryan of the Texas Rangers records his seventh no-hitter, may 1 – Rickey Henderson of the Oakland Athletics records his 939th stolen base, eclipsing Lou Brocks all-time record. May 21 – Don Zimmer is fired as manager of the Chicago Cubs, Zimmer is the second manager fired during the 1991 season. May 22 – John Wathan is fired as manager of the Kansas City Royals, Wathan is the third manager fired in less than one month. As of this date, the other members of the 300–300 club are Bobby Bonds. On the same day, Philadelphia Phillies pitcher Tommy Greene throws a no-hitter, Robinson is the fourth manager fired on the season, and the third fired in three days. June 3 – Buck Rodgers becomes the fifth managerial casualty of the season, Tom Runnels replaces Rodgers as the new Montreal Expos manager. June 10 – The National League votes to choose Miami, Florida and they beat out Orlando, Florida, St. Petersburg, Florida, Washington, D. C. and Buffalo, New York. The Miami franchise was awarded to Blockbuster Video CEO H. Wayne Huizenga, while the Denver franchise was awarded to Ohio beverage distributor John Antonucci, june 16 – The Cincinnati Reds and Philadelphia Phillies wear 1957 uniforms in a Nostalgia Day game at Veterans Stadium. July 6 – The National League publicly announces its two franchises for 1993, the Colorado Rockies and the Florida Marlins. He is replaced by Mike Hargrove, the firing is the sixth on the season and occurs just as the first half of the season ends. July 7 – Outside a restaurant in Arlington, Texas, American League umpire Steve Palermo is shot, the assailant is later sentenced to 75 years in prison
16.
Toronto Blue Jays
–
The Toronto Blue Jays are a Canadian professional baseball team based in Toronto, Ontario. The Blue Jays compete in Major League Baseball as a club of the American League East division. The team plays its games at the Rogers Centre. The Blue Jays name originates from the bird of the same name, in addition, the team was originally owned by the Labatt Brewing Company, makers of the popular beer Labatts Blue. Colloquially nicknamed the Jays, the official colours are royal blue, navy blue, red. An expansion franchise, the club was founded in Toronto in 1977, originally based at Exhibition Stadium, the team began playing its home games at the SkyDome upon its opening in 1989. Since 2000, the Blue Jays have been owned by Rogers Communications and in 2004, the SkyDome was purchased by that company, which it renamed Rogers Centre. In the late 1970s and early 1980s, the Blue Jays went through struggles typical of an expansion team, in 1983, the team had its first winning season and two years later, they became division champions. From 1985–1993, they were an AL East powerhouse, winning five championships in nine seasons. The Blue Jays became the first team outside the US to appear in and win a World Series, after 1993, the Blue Jays failed to qualify for the playoffs for 21 consecutive seasons, until clinching a playoff berth and division championship in 2015. The team clinched a second playoff berth in 2016, after securing an AL wild card position. Both years, the Jays won the AL Division Series, the Blue Jays are one of two MLB teams under corporate ownership, with the other being the Atlanta Braves. The Blue Jays played their first game on April 7,1977 against the Chicago White Sox before a crowd of 44,649. The game is now perhaps best remembered for the minor snowstorm which began just before the game started, Toronto won the snowy affair 9–5, led by Doug Aults two home runs. That win would be one of only 54 of the 1977 season, as the Blue Jays finished last in the AL East, after the season, assistant general manager Pat Gillick succeeded Peter Bavasi as general manager of the team, a position he would hold until 1994. In 1978, the team improved their record by five games, in 1979, after a 53–109 last place finish, shortstop Alfredo Griffin was named American League co-Rookie of the Year. In addition, the Blue Jays first mascot, BJ Birdy, in 1980, Bobby Mattick became manager, succeeding Roy Hartsfield, the Blue Jays original manager. In Matticks first season as manager, although they remained at the bottom, Toronto almost reached the 70-win mark, finishing with a record of 67–95, Jim Clancy led with 13 wins and John Mayberry became the first Jay to hit 30 home runs in a season
17.
Major League Baseball All-Star Game
–
The game usually occurs on either the second or third Tuesday in July, and is meant to mark a symbolic halfway-point in the MLB season. Both of the major leagues share a common All-Star break, with no games scheduled on the day before or two days after the All-Star Game itself. Some additional events and festivities associated with the game take place each year close to, no official MLB All-Star Game was held in 1945 including the official selection of players due to World War II travel restrictions. The first All-Star Game was held on July 6,1933 as part of the 1933 Worlds Fair in Chicago, at Comiskey Park and was initiated by Arch Ward, initially intended to be a one-time event, its great success resulted in making the game an annual one. The venue for the All-Star Game is chosen by Major League Baseball, the criteria for the venue are subjective, generally, cities with new ballparks and those who have not hosted the game in a long time—or ever—tend to get selected. New York City has hosted more than any city, having done so nine times in five different stadiums. At the same time, the New York Mets failed to host for 48 seasons, in the first two decades of the game there were two pairs of teams that shared ballparks, located in Philadelphia and St. Louis. This led to some shorter-than-usual gaps between the use of venues, The Cardinals hosted the game in 1940, and the Browns in 1948. The Athletics hosted the game in 1943, and the Phillies in 1952, the venues traditionally alternate between the American League and National League every year. This tradition has been several times, The first time was in 1951. Detroit Tigers were chosen to host the game as part of the citys 250th birthday. The second was when the format during the 1959–1962 seasons resulted in the A. L. being one game ahead in turn. This was corrected in 2007, when the N. L, San Francisco Giants were the host for the 2007 All-Star Game, which also set up the 2008 game to be held at the A. L. s Yankee Stadium in its final season. This decision was made following the announcement of Miami as host for the 2017 All Star Game, the coaching staff for each team is selected by its manager. This honor is given to the manager, not the team and this happened in 2003, when Dusty Baker managed the National League team despite having moved from the National League champion San Francisco Giants to the Chicago Cubs. This has also included situations where the person is no longer actively managing a team, mcGraw came out of retirement for that purpose. Dick Williams resigned after managing the Oakland Athletics to the 1973 World Series, in 1974, he became manager of the California Angels, whose uniform he wore for the game. Tony La Russa, who managed the World Series champion St. Louis Cardinals in 2011, in 1979, Bob Lemon managed the American League team after having been fired by New York Yankees owner George Steinbrenner
18.
1977 Major League Baseball All-Star Game
–
The game was held on July 19,1977, at Yankee Stadium in The Bronx, New York, New York the home of the New York Yankees of the American League. The game resulted in the National League defeating the American League 7–5, the host Yankees won the World Series, the third time in history that a team hosting the All-Star Game would win the World Series in the same year. As of 2008, the 1977 Yankees were the last team to accomplish this, the previous teams to accomplish this were the 1939 New York Yankees and the 1959 Los Angeles Dodgers. This was Yankee Stadiums third time as host of the All-Star Game, and it would be its last until 2008, players in italics have since been inducted into the National Baseball Hall of Fame. The National League started with Joe Morgan blasting American League starter Jim Palmers sixth pitch into Yankee Stadiums short porch in right field, Dave Parker followed with a single and scored on a double by George Foster. Greg Luzinski made it 4–0 with a two-run homer, steve Garvey then sent Palmer to the showers in the third with a solo homer to make it 5–0 in favor of the NL. Meanwhile, National League starter Don Sutton cruised along with three innings and Gary Lavelle added two more in the fourth and fifth. The American League first scored off of Tom Seaver in the sixth as Rod Carew led off with a single, Seaver recovered to retire Randolph and retired George Brett, but then walked Fred Lynn and surrendered a two-run double to Richie Zisk. Seaver allowed the AL another run in the seventh when Butch Wynegar led off with a single, took second when Graig Nettles reached on an error, the National League got their final runs in the eighth when Dave Winfield hit a two-run single off Sparky Lyle. George Scott hit a homer in the ninth for the AL off Rich Gossage for the final margin
19.
1979 Major League Baseball All-Star Game
–
The game was held on July 17,1979, at The Kingdome in Seattle, Washington the home of the Seattle Mariners of the American League. The game resulted in the National League defeating the American League 7-6, the game featured memorable defensive play by outfielder Dave Parker, as he had two assists on putouts, one at third base and one at home plate. The game was notable for the play of Lee Mazzilli. This would be the time the Kingdome would host the All-Star Game. When it returned to Seattle for a time in 2001. Players in italics have since been inducted into the National Baseball Hall of Fame, American League starter Nolan Ryan began the game in sizzling fashion, striking out Davey Lopes and Dave Parker, but then he walked Steve Garvey. Mike Schmidt tripled in Garvey, and George Foster followed with a double down the field line to score Schmidt for a 2-0 National League lead. The American Leaguers came right back in their half of the first inning, George Brett walked with one out, Don Baylor doubled him in, and Fred Lynn put the AL up 3-2 with a two-out, two-run homer off Steve Carlton. The NL regained the lead on a sacrifice fly by Parker in the second. The AL went back up 5-4 in the bottom of the third when Carl Yastrzemski batted in a run with a single and Chet Lemon scored on a Schmidt error. The score remained that way until the sixth, when the NL tied it back up at 5-5 on a Winfield double off Mark Clear, the AL went back up 6-5 in their half of the sixth. Gaylord Perry gave up a single to Yastrzemski, a double to Darrell Porter. Sambito pitched the NL out of trouble by getting pinch-hitter Reggie Jackson to ground to Davey Lopes at second, Lopes gunned down Porter at the plate. After an intentional walk to Roy Smalley to load the bases, Sambito retired Brett, in the seventh, Jim Rice led off and blooped a double to right, but was thrown out by Dave Parker as he tried to stretch the hit into a triple. The AL then came to bat in the eighth and mounted one last threat, brian Downing led off with a single off Bruce Sutter and was sacrificed to second. Sutter walked Reggie Jackson intentionally and then struck out Bobby Grich, graig Nettles then blooped a single to right, and Downing attempted to score, but once again the arm of Dave Parker claimed another victim. Parker fired a strike to Carter, who blocked Downing from ever reaching the plate. This play, along with his play on Rice, earned Parker the games MVP award
20.
1981 Major League Baseball All-Star Game
–
The game was held on August 9,1981, at Cleveland Stadium in Cleveland, Ohio, the home of the Cleveland Indians of the American League. This was one of only two All-Star Games to be played outside of the month of July, the game was originally to be played on July 14, but was cancelled due to the players strike lasting from June 12 to July 31. It was then back as a prelude to the second half of the season. At 72,086 people in attendance, it broke the stadiums own record of 69,751 set in 1954, Cleveland Stadium set a new All-Star Game record by hosting its fourth Midsummer Classic. By the time Indians played host to the All-Star Game for the time in 1997. Players in italics have since been inducted into the National Baseball Hall of Fame, the American League started with four shutout innings, two apiece by starter Jack Morris and Len Barker. Meanwhile, Fernando Valenzuela, only the second pitcher to start an All-Star Game. The AL got on the board in the second when Ken Singleton homered off Tom Seaver, gary Carter broke the scoring drought for the NL and tied the game with a solo shot off Ken Forsch in the fifth. Dave Parker gave the senior circuit the lead with a homer of his own in the sixth off Mike Norris. Burt Hooton came in for the NL in the AL-half of the sixth, fred Lynn lined another single, but only Singleton came home to tie it at 2-2. Buddy Bell followed with a fly to give the AL a 3-2 lead. Fisk went to third and Ted Simmons singled him in to make it 4-2. Al Oliver then lifted a fly ball to left that looked like it would drop. In the seventh, Carter got one of the back with his second solo homer off Ron Davis. Then, in the eighth, Rollie Fingers walked Ozzie Smith, Smith stole second and attempted to take third when Bo Díaz throw went into center field. Dave Winfield hustled the ball back to the infield and Smith was caught in a rundown, Mike Easler walked and Mike Schmidt homered off Fingers to give the National League their winning runs
21.
1985 Major League Baseball All-Star Game
–
The 1985 Major League Baseball All-Star Game was the 56th playing of the game, annually played between the All-Stars of the National League and the All-Stars of the American League. The game was played on July 16,1985, in the Hubert H. Humphrey Metrodome in Minneapolis, Minnesota, home of the Minnesota Twins. The National League won the game 6–1, with the pitcher being LaMarr Hoyt of the San Diego Padres. Hoyt also won the games MVP award, the National League was managed by the Padres Dick Williams, while the American League was managed by Sparky Anderson of the Tigers. Williams was backed by coaches Jim Frey and Bob Lillis and Anderson was aided by coaches Bobby Cox, the teams honorary captains each starred in the 1965 All-Star game, also held in Minnesota -- Harmon Killebrew for the AL, and Sandy Koufax for the NL. In the game two decades ago, Koufax earned the NL win, and Killebrew hit the ALs second home run, players in italics have since been inducted into the National Baseball Hall of Fame. Tony Gwynn, OF, San Diego Padres 2, tom Herr, 2B, St. Louis Cardinals 3. Steve Garvey, 1B, San Diego Padres 4, dale Murphy, OF, Atlanta Braves 5. Darryl Strawberry, OF, New York Mets 6, graig Nettles, 3B, San Diego Padres 7. Terry Kennedy, C, San Diego Padres 8, ozzie Smith, SS, St. Louis Cardinals 9. LaMarr Hoyt, P, San Diego Padres AL Batting Order 1, rickey Henderson, OF, New York Yankees 2. Lou Whitaker, 2B, Detroit Tigers 3, george Brett, 3B, Kansas City Royals 4. Eddie Murray, 1B, Baltimore Orioles 5, cal Ripken, Jr. SS, Baltimore Orioles 6. Dave Winfield, OF, New York Yankees 7, Jim Rice, OF, Boston Red Sox 8. Carlton Fisk, C, Chicago White Sox 9, Jack Morris, P, Detroit Tigers Joaquín Andújar, St. C, Philadelphia Phillies Jack Clark, 1B, St. com
22.
1986 Major League Baseball All-Star Game
–
The game was held on July 15,1986, at the Astrodome in Houston, Texas, the home of the Houston Astros of the National League. The game resulted in the American League defeating the National League 3-2, boston Red Sox pitcher Roger Clemens was named the Most Valuable Player. Players in italics have since been inducted into the National Baseball Hall of Fame, Roger Clemens made his All-Star Game debut and the game was held in his hometown of Houston. With help from Ted Higuera, Charlie Hough, Dave Righetti and Don Aase, Clemens shut down the National League and started his record setting All-Star Game career. The National League pitching staff stuck out twelve batters, a total equaled only three times before in All-Star History,1934 All-Star Game,1956 All-Star Game and 1959 All-Star Game. In the second inning, Tigers second baseman Lou Whitaker followed a Dave Winfield double with a homer off Mets pitcher Dwight Gooden, by the fourth inning, Fernando Valenzuela had achieved five consecutive strikeouts. This tied him with the All Star record set during the 1934 All-Star Game by Carl Hubbell, Valenzuela struck out Don Mattingly, Cal Ripken, Jr. Jesse Barfield, Lou Whitaker and fellow Mexican Teddy Higuera. In the seventh inning, Frank White pinch-hit for Lou Whitaker, White became the 14th player in the history of the All-Star Game to have a pinch-hit home run. The last player to do so was Lee Mazzilli at the 1979 Major League Baseball All-Star Game, the National League made it interesting in the bottom of the eighth by roughing up Rangers pitcher Charlie Hough for two runs. In the ninth, the National League had runners at first and this was the last All-Star Game to be entirely played indoors until 2011, when it was played at Chase Field in Phoenix. The 1986 All-Star Game turned out to be the game that Dick Howser would ever manage. Broadcasters noticed he was messing up signals when he changed pitchers, shortly thereafter, Howser was diagnosed with a brain tumor and underwent surgery. On June 17,1987, Dick Howser died at the age of 51,1986 All-Star Game on Baseball Almanac 1986 All-Star Game on Baseball-Reference. com
23.
1990 Major League Baseball All-Star Game
–
The game was held on July 10,1990, at Wrigley Field in Chicago, the home of the Chicago Cubs of the National League. The game resulted in the American League defeating the National League 2-0, the game is remembered for a rain delay in the 7th inning that resulted in CBS airing Rescue 911 during the delay. This is also the first game – and so far the only one – to feature two players bearing the name, Greg Olson. The pregame ceremonies celebrated the 85th anniversary of the Great Lakes Naval Training Station which, as with previous All-Star Games held in Chicago, after Wayne Messmer sang O Canada, recording artist Richard Marx sang the National Anthem. The last All-Star Game previously held at Wrigley Field was represented by Ernie Banks who threw out the ceremonial first pitch, players in italics have since been inducted into the National Baseball Hall of Fame
24.
World Series
–
The World Series is the annual championship series of Major League Baseball in North America, contested since 1903 between the American League champion team and the National League champion team. The winner of the World Series championship is determined through a playoff. As the series is played in October, during the season in North America. As of 2016, the World Series has been contested 112 times, with the AL winning 64, the 2016 World Series took place between the Cleveland Indians and the Chicago Cubs. Seven games were played, with the Cubs victorious after game seven, the final score was 8–7, the game went into extra innings after a tied score of 6–6. This was the third World Series won by the Cubs, as well as their first title since 1908, in the National League, the St. As of 2016, no team has won consecutive World Series championships since the New York Yankees in 1998,1999, all championships were awarded to the team with the best record at the end of the season, without a postseason series being played. From 1884 to 1890, the National League and the American Association faced each other in a series of games at the end of the season to determine an overall champion. These series were disorganized in comparison to the modern World Series, the number of games played ranged from as few as three in 1884, to a high of fifteen in 1887. Both the 1885 and 1890 Series ended in ties, each team having won three games with one tie game, the series was promoted and referred to as The Championship of the United States, Worlds Championship Series, or Worlds Series for short. In his book Krakatoa, The Day the World Exploded, August 27,1883, Simon Winchester mentions in passing that the World Series was named for the New York World newspaper, but this view is disputed. Until about 1960, some sources treated the 19th-century Series on a basis with the post-19th-century series. After about 1930, however, many authorities list the start of the World Series in 1903, following the collapse of the American Association after the 1891 season, the National League was again the only major league. The league championship was awarded in 1892 by a playoff between half-season champions and this scheme was abandoned after one season. Beginning in 1893—and continuing until divisional play was introduced in 1969—the pennant was awarded to the club in the standings at the end of the season. For four seasons, 1894–1897, the league played the runners-up in the post season championship series called the Temple Cup. A second attempt at this format was the Chronicle-Telegraph Cup series, in 1901, the American League was formed as a second major league. No championship series were played in 1901 or 1902 as the National and these series were arranged by the participating clubs, as the 1880s Worlds Series matches had been
25.
1979 World Series
–
The Pirates were famous for adopting Sister Sledges hit anthem We Are Family as their theme song. Grant Jackson pitched for the Orioles in the 1971 series and for the Pirates in the 1979 series, in this Series, it was the American League teams turn to play by National League rules, meaning no designated hitter and the Orioles pitchers would have to bat. Willie Stargell, the series MVP, hit.400 with a record seven extra-base hits and matched Reggie Jacksons record of 25 total bases, set in 1977. The 1979 Pirates were the last team to win Game 7 of a World Series on the road until the San Francisco Giants defeated the Royals in Kansas City to win Game 7 of the 2014 Series. New York repeated the feat in 1986, as did the New England area in the 2004 season and these same two teams met at the beginning of the decade, in 1971. Earl Weavers Orioles had won the first two games of that only to lose to Danny Murtaughs Pirates in seven. This time Pittsburgh manager Chuck Tanner was looking to win a Series of his own, gone were the likes of slugger Boog Powell and defensive wizard Brooks Robinson—shortstop Mark Belanger and pitcher Jim Palmer were the only two remaining players from the 1971 roster. A young Steady Eddie Murray was a staple at first-base and an emerging superstar, the only other real star hitter on the team was right-fielder Ken Singleton who set career highs in home runs,35, and runs batted in,111, in the regular season. Center fielder Al Bumbry provided the speed,37 swipes, and outfielder Gary Roenicke, the talented pitching staff was captained by veteran catcher Rick Dempsey. The starters were led by 1979 Cy Young Award winner, Mike Flanagan, Scott McGregor, Steve Stone, the bullpen helped with 30 wins against only 13 losses led by Don Stanhouse and Tippy Martinez. The Orioles won the American League East rather easily, finishing eight games ahead of the second place Milwaukee Brewers, on the other hand, these Pittsburgh Pirates struggled early in the season eventually winning the National League East by just two games over the Montreal Expos. Only after getting infielders, Tim Foli and Bill Madlock, did the Pirates start winning consistently, the great Roberto Clemente had inspired the 1971 team toward the title and the key ingredient to this team was his successor and spiritual leader, 38-year-old Willie Pops Stargell. The Bucs lineup featured the National League leader in bases, Omar Moreno with 77, team runs batted in leader, Dave Parker with 98. Madlock would add two more batting titles in 1981 and 1983, the pitching staff was a ragtag bunch led by the Candy-Man, John Candelarias fourteen wins with five other pitchers winning ten or more games. The tall and lean Kent Tekulve had 31 saves, good for second in the league, Pops Stargell would hit three home runs in this series becoming the oldest player to win both the regular season MVP and the World Series MVP. His Family would persevere after losing three out of the first four games, giving Earl Weaver and his Orioles a déjà vu nightmare when the Bucs came back to win in seven games. NL Pittsburgh Pirates vs. AL Baltimore Orioles Game 1 was originally scheduled for Tuesday October 9 but was postponed due to a mix of rain. When it was played the night, the first-pitch temperature of 41°F was the coldest in the history of the Fall Classic until it was eclipsed 18 years later in Game 4 of the 1997 World Series
26.
1989 World Series
–
The 1989 World Series was played between the Oakland Athletics and the San Francisco Giants. The Series ran from October 14 through October 28, with the As sweeping the Giants in four games and it was the first World Series sweep since 1976. The four game sweep by the Athletics at the time would mark only the time in World Series history that a team never trailed in any game. Until 2015, this was the last time a team would win the World Series after losing in the previous year and this marked the fourth World Series matchup, and first since 1913, between the two franchises. The previous three matchups occurred when the Giants were in New York and the Athletics resided in Philadelphia and it was the first cross-town World Series since 1956, and only the third such series that did not involve New York City. On October 17, just minutes before the start of Game 3, Candlestick Park in San Francisco suffered damage to its upper deck as pieces of concrete fell from the baffle at the top of the stadium and the power was knocked out. The game was postponed out of concerns for the safety of everyone in the ballpark as well as the loss of power, the series resumed on October 27 and finished the next day. The October 28 finale set a record for the latest finish to a World Series at the time. The San Francisco Giants won the NL West division by three games over the San Diego Padres, then defeated the Chicago Cubs four games to one in the National League Championship Series. The Oakland Athletics won the AL West division by seven games over the Kansas City Royals and it was the Giants first World Series appearance since 1962, while the Athletics were playing in their second straight Fall Classic following the 1988 Series. AL Oakland Athletics vs. NL San Francisco Giants † Game 3 was originally slated for October 17 at 5,35 pm, however, it was postponed when an earthquake occurred at 5,04 pm. Prior to Game 1, a tribute to late Commissioner Bart Giamatti was held, Giamattis son Marcus threw out the first pitch, Dave Stewart, the Athletics ace, took on Giants pitcher Scott Garrelts in game one of the Bay Bridge series. Walt Weiss then sent a soft ground ball toward first, but Giants first baseman Will Clark threw the ball low, Steinbach knocked the ball out of Kennedys mitt, scoring the second run of the inning. Kennedy was charged with an error, and Phillips advanced to second, Rickey Henderson then drove in Phillips on a single to right field, the second inning ended with Oakland leading 3–0. As designated hitter Dave Parker tattooed a solo run to lead off the third off of Garrelts. Oakland starter Stewart dominated the Giants, allowing five hits in a complete game and we ran into a buzz saw, Clark said of Stewarts pitching. Little League World Series MVP and future NHL star Chris Drury threw out the ceremonial first pitch in Game 2, Oakland starter Mike Moore took on Giant Rick Reuschel. Oakland got off to a fast start, Rickey Henderson led off the bottom of the first with a walk, Henderson promptly stole second, and scored one pitch later when Carney Lansford hit a double to right field
27.
Major League Baseball Most Valuable Player Award
–
The Major League Baseball Most Valuable Player Award is an annual Major League Baseball award, given to one outstanding player in the American League and one in the National League. Since 1931, it has been awarded by the Baseball Writers Association of America, MVP voting takes place before the postseason, but the results are not announced until after the World Series. The BBWAA began by polling three writers in each city in 1938, reducing that number to two per league city in 1961. The BBWAA does not offer a definition of what most valuable means. First basemen, with 34 winners, have won the most MVPs among infielders, followed by second basemen, third basemen, of the 24 pitchers who have won the award,15 are right-handed while 9 are left-handed. Walter Johnson, Carl Hubbell, and Hal Newhouser are the pitchers who have won multiple times. Barry Bonds has won the most often and the most consecutively, jimmie Foxx was the first player to win multiple times,9 players have won three times, and 19 have won twice. Frank Robinson is the player to win the award in both the American and National Leagues. The awards only tie occurred in the National League in 1979, there have been 18 unanimous winners, who received all the first-place votes. The New York Yankees have the most winning players with 22, the award has never been presented to a member of the following four teams, Arizona Diamondbacks, Miami Marlins, New York Mets, and Tampa Bay Rays. The most recent recipients are Mike Trout in the American League, in recent decades, pitchers have rarely won the award. When Justin Verlander won the AL award in 2011, he became the first pitcher in league to be named the MVP since Dennis Eckersley in 1992. Verlander also became the first starting pitcher to win this award since Roger Clemens had accomplished the feat in 1986. The National League went even longer without an MVP award to a pitcher—after Bob Gibson won in 1968, the 1910 race for best average in the American League was between the Detroit Tigers widely disliked Ty Cobb and Nap Lajoie of the Cleveland Indians. On the last day of the season, Lajoie overtook Cobbs batting average with seven bunt hits against the St. Louis Browns, American League President Ban Johnson said a recalculation showed that Cobb had won the race anyway, and Chalmers ended up awarding cars to both players. The following season, Chalmers created the Chalmers Award, a committee of baseball writers were to convene after the season to determine the most important and useful player to the club and to the league. Since the award was not as effective at advertising as Chalmers had hoped, in 1922 the American League created a new award to honor the baseball player who is of the greatest all-around service to his club. Winners, voted on by a committee of eight baseball writers chaired by James Crusinberry, received a bronze medal, voters were required to select one player from each team and player-coaches and prior award winners were ineligible
28.
Rawlings Gold Glove Award
–
Managers are not permitted to vote for their own players. Additionally, a sabermetric component provided by Society for American Baseball Research accounts for approximately 25 percent of the vote, eighteen Gold Gloves are awarded each year, one at each of the nine positions in each league. In 1957, the glove manufacturer Rawlings created the Gold Glove Award to commemorate the best fielding performance at each position. The award was created from a made from gold lamé-tanned leather. For the first four seasons of the award, individual awards were presented to left fielders, center fielders, from 1961 through 2010, the phrase at each position was no longer strictly accurate, since the prize was presented to three outfielders irrespective of their specific position. Any combination of outfielders, often three center fielders, could win the award in the same year, critics called for awarding a single Gold Glove for each individual outfield position, arguing that the three outfield positions are not equivalent defensively. Starting in 2011, separate awards for each position were once again presented. In the 1985 American League voting, a tie for third-place resulted in the presentation of Gold Glove Awards to four outfielders, the Gold Gloves are selected by managers and coaches that may have seen a player as few as six times during the season. Bill Chuck of Comcast SportsNet New England wrote that Gold Glove voters frequently counted only errors to determine winners, geoff Baker of The Seattle Times said the votes for the Gold Gloves rely largely on a players past reputation. The Associated Press wrote that fans have viewed the Gold Gloves as mostly a popularity contest. Derek Jeter, winner of five Gold Gloves, believes that many defensive factors cannot be quantified, in 2013, Rawlings collaborated on the Gold Glove Award with SABR, who provided the SABR Defensive Index to add a sabermetric component to the selection process. The index accounted for 25 percent of the vote, while managers, afterwards, Jay Jaffe of Sports Illustrated wrote that the Gold Gloves appear to have significantly closed the gap on their more statistically-driven counterparts. The most Gold Gloves ever won by one player is 18 by pitcher Greg Maddux and he won 13 consecutive awards from 1990 to 2002, all in the National League. Brooks Robinson has the most wins as a third baseman, with 16 Gold Gloves, and is tied for the second-highest total overall with pitcher Jim Kaat, Iván Rodríguez has won the most Gold Gloves as a catcher, with 13 career awards in the American League. Ozzie Smith has 13 wins at shortstop, he and Rodríguez are tied for the fourth-highest total among all winners, among outfielders, Roberto Clemente and Willie Mays, who played primarily right field and center field, respectively, are tied for the lead with 12 Gold Gloves. Keith Hernandez, the leader at first base, has won 11 times, other players with 10 or more wins include shortstop Omar Vizquel, catcher Johnny Bench, third baseman Mike Schmidt, and outfielders Ken Griffey Jr. Ichiro Suzuki, Andruw Jones, and Al Kaline. The only player to win Gold Gloves as an infielder and outfielder is Darin Erstad, the only other player to win Gold Gloves at multiple positions is Plácido Polanco, who won at second base and third base. In 2016, Rawlings announced it would begin awarding a gold glove annually to a female fastpitch softball player in the National Pro Fastpitch league, NPF coaches and managers vote for a winner
29.
Silver Slugger Award
–
Managers and coaches are not permitted to vote for players on their own team. The Silver Slugger was first awarded in 1980 and is given by Hillerich & Bradsby, the award is a bat-shaped trophy,3 feet tall, engraved with the names of each of the winners from the league and plated with sterling silver. The prize is presented to outfielders irrespective of their specific position, embattled home run record-holder Barry Bonds won twelve Silver Slugger Awards in his career as an outfielder, the most of any player. He also won the award in five consecutive seasons twice in his career, from 1990 to 1994, retired catcher Mike Piazza and former New York Yankees third baseman Alex Rodriguez are tied for second, with ten wins each. Rodriguez awards are split between two positions, he won seven Silver Sluggers as a shortstop for the Seattle Mariners and Texas Rangers, wade Boggs leads third basemen with eight Silver Slugger Awards, Barry Larkin leads shortstops with nine. Other leaders include Ryne Sandberg and Mike Hampton, todd Helton and Albert Pujols are tied for the most wins among first baseman with four, although Pujols has won two awards at other positions. David Ortiz has won seven awards at designated hitter position, the most at that position, inline citations Louisville Slugger – The Silver Slugger Award
30.
Major League Baseball
–
Major League Baseball is a professional baseball organization, the oldest of the four major professional sports leagues in the United States and Canada. A total of 30 teams now play in the National League and American League, the NL and AL operated as separate legal entities from 1876 and 1901 respectively. After cooperating but remaining legally separate entities since 1903, the merged into a single organization led by the Commissioner of Baseball in 2000. The organization also oversees Minor League Baseball, which comprises about 240 teams affiliated with the Major League clubs, with the World Baseball Softball Confederation, MLB manages the international World Baseball Classic tournament. Baseballs first professional team was founded in Cincinnati in 1869,30 years after Abner Doubleday supposedly invented the game of baseball, the first few decades of professional baseball were characterized by rivalries between leagues and by players who often jumped from one team or league to another. The period before 1920 in baseball was known as the dead-ball era, Baseball survived a conspiracy to fix the 1919 World Series, which came to be known as the Black Sox Scandal. The sport rose in popularity in the 1920s, and survived potential downturns during the Great Depression, shortly after the war, baseballs color barrier was broken by Jackie Robinson. The 1950s and 1960s were a time of expansion for the AL and NL, then new stadiums, Home runs dominated the game during the 1990s, and media reports began to discuss the use of anabolic steroids among Major League players in the mid-2000s. In 2006, an investigation produced the Mitchell Report, which implicated many players in the use of performance-enhancing substances, today, MLB is composed of thirty teams, twenty-nine in the United States and one in Canada. Baseball broadcasts are aired on television, radio, and the Internet throughout North America, MLB has the highest season attendance of any sports league in the world with more than 73 million spectators in 2015. MLB is governed by the Major League Baseball Constitution and this document has undergone several incarnations since 1875, with the most recent revisions being made in 2012. Under the direction of the Commissioner of Baseball, MLB hires and maintains the sports umpiring crews, and negotiates marketing, labor, MLB maintains a unique, controlling relationship over the sport, including most aspects of Minor League Baseball. This ruling has been weakened only slightly in subsequent years, the weakened ruling granted more stability to the owners of teams and has resulted in values increasing at double-digit rates. There were several challenges to MLBs primacy in the sport between the 1870s and the Federal League in 1916, the last attempt at a new league was the aborted Continental League in 1960. The chief executive of MLB is the commissioner, Rob Manfred, the chief operating officer is Tony Petitti. There are five other executives, president, chief officer, chief legal officer, chief financial officer. The multimedia branch of MLB, which is based in Manhattan, is MLB Advanced Media and this branch oversees MLB. com and each of the 30 teams websites. Its charter states that MLB Advanced Media holds editorial independence from the league, MLB Productions is a similarly structured wing of the league, focusing on video and traditional broadcast media
31.
Most valuable player
–
In sports, a most valuable player award is an honor typically bestowed upon the best-performing player in an entire league, for a particular competition, or on a specific team. Initially used in sports, the term is now also commonly used in amateur sports, as well as in other completely unrelated fields such as business. In many sports, MVP awards are presented for a specific match—in other words, the term is most common in the United States and Canada. In other cases, Player of the Year is used, in Australia, Australian rules football clubs and leagues use the term best and fairest, while those playing rugby league use Player of the Year, such as the Dally M Medal. The National Basketball League, however, uses the American-style MVP for its awards, in many cases the awards are voted on by members of the media. In others the vote is by players, coaches, or umpires, in recent years, online polls from the public decide some awards
32.
Gold Glove
–
Managers are not permitted to vote for their own players. Additionally, a sabermetric component provided by Society for American Baseball Research accounts for approximately 25 percent of the vote, eighteen Gold Gloves are awarded each year, one at each of the nine positions in each league. In 1957, the glove manufacturer Rawlings created the Gold Glove Award to commemorate the best fielding performance at each position. The award was created from a made from gold lamé-tanned leather. For the first four seasons of the award, individual awards were presented to left fielders, center fielders, from 1961 through 2010, the phrase at each position was no longer strictly accurate, since the prize was presented to three outfielders irrespective of their specific position. Any combination of outfielders, often three center fielders, could win the award in the same year, critics called for awarding a single Gold Glove for each individual outfield position, arguing that the three outfield positions are not equivalent defensively. Starting in 2011, separate awards for each position were once again presented. In the 1985 American League voting, a tie for third-place resulted in the presentation of Gold Glove Awards to four outfielders, the Gold Gloves are selected by managers and coaches that may have seen a player as few as six times during the season. Bill Chuck of Comcast SportsNet New England wrote that Gold Glove voters frequently counted only errors to determine winners, geoff Baker of The Seattle Times said the votes for the Gold Gloves rely largely on a players past reputation. The Associated Press wrote that fans have viewed the Gold Gloves as mostly a popularity contest. Derek Jeter, winner of five Gold Gloves, believes that many defensive factors cannot be quantified, in 2013, Rawlings collaborated on the Gold Glove Award with SABR, who provided the SABR Defensive Index to add a sabermetric component to the selection process. The index accounted for 25 percent of the vote, while managers, afterwards, Jay Jaffe of Sports Illustrated wrote that the Gold Gloves appear to have significantly closed the gap on their more statistically-driven counterparts. The most Gold Gloves ever won by one player is 18 by pitcher Greg Maddux and he won 13 consecutive awards from 1990 to 2002, all in the National League. Brooks Robinson has the most wins as a third baseman, with 16 Gold Gloves, and is tied for the second-highest total overall with pitcher Jim Kaat, Iván Rodríguez has won the most Gold Gloves as a catcher, with 13 career awards in the American League. Ozzie Smith has 13 wins at shortstop, he and Rodríguez are tied for the fourth-highest total among all winners, among outfielders, Roberto Clemente and Willie Mays, who played primarily right field and center field, respectively, are tied for the lead with 12 Gold Gloves. Keith Hernandez, the leader at first base, has won 11 times, other players with 10 or more wins include shortstop Omar Vizquel, catcher Johnny Bench, third baseman Mike Schmidt, and outfielders Ken Griffey Jr. Ichiro Suzuki, Andruw Jones, and Al Kaline. The only player to win Gold Gloves as an infielder and outfielder is Darin Erstad, the only other player to win Gold Gloves at multiple positions is Plácido Polanco, who won at second base and third base. In 2016, Rawlings announced it would begin awarding a gold glove annually to a female fastpitch softball player in the National Pro Fastpitch league, NPF coaches and managers vote for a winner
33.
Jim Rice
–
James Edward Rice, nicknamed Jim Ed, is a former Major League Baseball left fielder and designated hitter who played his entire 16-year baseball career for the Boston Red Sox. Rice was an eight-time American League All-Star and was named the ALs Most Valuable Player in 1978 after becoming the first major player in 19 years to hit for 400 total bases. He went on to become the player to lead the major leagues in total bases in consecutive seasons. He joined Ty Cobb as one of two players to lead the AL in total three years in a row. He batted.300 seven times, collected 100 runs batted in eight times and 200 hits four times and he also led the league in home runs three times, RBIs and slugging percentage twice each. He ended his career with a, when Rice retired, his 1,503 career games in left field ranked seventh in AL history. Rice was inducted into the Baseball Hall of Fame on July 26,2009, the Red Sox went on to lose the World Series,4 games to 3, to the Cincinnati Reds of the National League. In 1978, Rice won the Most Valuable Player award in a campaign where he hit.315 and led the league in runs, RBI, hits, triples, total bases. His 406 total bases that year were the most in the AL since Joe DiMaggio had 418 in 1937 and this feat wasnt repeated again until 1997, when Larry Walker had 409 in the NL. No AL player has done it since Rice in 1978, and his remains the third highest by an AL right-handed hitter, behind DiMaggio. In 1986, Rice had 200 hits, batted.324, the Red Sox made it to the World Series for the second time during his career. This time, Rice played in all 14 postseason games, where he collected 14 hits and he also scored 14 runs and drove in six. The 14 runs Rice scored is the fifth most recorded by an individual during a single years postseason play. The Red Sox went on to lose the World Series to the New York Mets,4 games to 3, Rice led the AL in home runs three times, in RBI twice, in slugging percentage twice, and in total bases four times. He also picked up Silver Slugger Awards in 1983 and 1984, Rice hit at least 39 home runs in a season four times, had eight 100-RBI seasons and four seasons with 200+ hits, and batted over.300 seven times. He finished his 16-year career with a.298 batting average,382 home runs,1,451 RBIs,1,249 runs scored,2,452 hits and he was an American League All-Star eight times. In addition to winning the American League MVP award in 1978, Rice is the only player in major league history to record over 200 hits while hitting 39 or more HRs for three consecutive years.315 or higher. Among all major league players during time, Rice was the leader in five of these categories
34.
Crosley Field
–
Crosley Field was a Major League Baseball park located in Cincinnati, Ohio. Contrary to popular belief, it was not the home of the current NFL franchise of the same name. Crosley Field was on a block bounded by Findlay Street, Western Avenue, York Street. Crosley has the distinction of being the first major-league park with lights for playing night games, the Findlay and Western intersection was the home field of the Reds from 1884 until mid-season 1970, when the team moved to Riverfront Stadium. The location of the diamond and consequently the main seating area was shifted several times during the 86½ seasons that the Reds played at the site. They were replaced with the third stadium in the National League. It consisted of a double-deck grandstand around the diamond, positioned in the southwest corner of the lot, beyond first and third base were single-deck covered pavilions extended to the corners, with bleachers in the right field area. The unusual angle of the areas down the lines, and behind home plate gave that area a distinctive V shape, giving rise to one of several nicknames the park had. Redland Field, whose name was a reference to the Reds name and it was one of many classic steel and concrete ballparks constructed during the first ballpark boom era of 1909–1923. Chicagos Wrigley Field and Bostons Fenway Park were also built during this era, although occupying the site since 1884, the Reds dated their ballpark from the permanent structure opened in 1912. Throughout its history, Redland/Crosley Field was usually among the smallest parks in either the National or American leagues. It accommodated 25,000 fans in 1912, even at its peak, it barely exceeded 30,000 seats, excluding temporary seating areas created for opening day and World Series games. Groundskeeper Mathias Matty Schwab, who had hired in 1894 had the sod laid just in time for the Reds first game at the new park. In the game, the Reds rallied from a 5–0 deficit to defeat the Chicago Cubs 10–6, Schwab would be the Reds groundkeeper until he retired at age 83 in 1963. The win was tainted by the fact, made public a year later, the Reds gradually returned to mediocrity and attendance flagged. Thus, the park was renamed Crosley Field, and Crosley himself took the opportunity to advertise his Crosley cars, under Crosleys ownership, the park would undergo notable structural renovations. With the effects of the Great Depression in Cincinnati, the Reds convinced baseball owners to allow night baseball at Crosley Field, without lights, Larry MacPhail insisted, the team would fold because of low attendance. Lights had been installed in a number of Minor League baseball parks in the early 1930s, the major league owners acquiesced,632 individual lamps in eight metal stanchions were erected and on May 24,1935, the Reds hosted the Philadelphia Phillies under the lights
35.
Pete Rose
–
Peter Edward Pete Rose Sr. also known by his nickname Charlie Hustle, is an American former professional baseball player and manager. Rose played in Major League Baseball from 1963 to 1986, Rose, a switch hitter, is the all-time MLB leader in hits, games played, at-bats, singles, and outs. Rose won both of his Gold Gloves as an outfielder in 1969 and 1970, in 1991, the Baseball Hall of Fame formally voted to ban those on the permanently ineligible list from induction, after previously excluding such players by informal agreement among voters. In 2004, after years of denial, Rose admitted to betting on baseball and on, but not against. The issue of Roses possible reinstatement and election to the Hall of Fame remains a contentious one throughout baseball, on June 22,2015, ESPN concluded an investigation and determined that Rose bet on baseball while still a player-manager, from 1984 to 1986. The investigation also made public the existence of records of bets made by Rose on baseball, in 2016, Rose was inducted into the Cincinnati Reds Hall of Fame. Rose was born April 14,1941 in Cincinnati, Ohio, one of four born to Harry Francis Pete. He was a member of the Order of DeMolay as a young boy and he played baseball and football at Western Hills High School. Although Rose was small for his age, he earned the starting running back position on his football team. When he was not promoted to the varsity team in his sophomore year, Rose was dejected. At the end of the year, Roses teachers decreed he would have to attend summer school or be held back. His father decided it would be better for Pete to repeat a year of school than miss a summer playing baseball and it would also give Pete an extra year to mature physically. He played catcher, second base and shortstop and compiled a.626 batting average and this would have been the pinnacle of Roses baseball career if not for the help of his uncle Buddy Bloebaum. Bloebaum was a Bird dog scout for the Reds and he pleaded the case for his nephew, the Reds, who had recently traded away a number of prospects who turned out to be very good, decided to take a chance on Pete. Upon his graduation from school, Rose signed a professional contract. During a spring training game against the Chicago White Sox in 1963, during another spring training game against the New York Yankees, Whitey Ford gave him the derisive nickname Charlie Hustle after Rose sprinted to first base after drawing a walk. Despite the manner in which Ford intended it, Rose adopted that nickname as a badge of honor, Rose made his major league debut on April 8,1963 against the Pittsburgh Pirates and drew a walk. After going 0-for-11, Rose got his first Major League hit on April 13 and he hit.273 for the year and won the National League Rookie of the Year Award, collecting 17 of 20 votes
36.
Frisch's
–
Frischs Big Boy is a regional Big Boy restaurant chain with headquarters in Cincinnati, Ohio. In March 2017, there were 121 restaurants in Indiana, Kentucky and this includes 21 Big Boy stores in Cincinnati,6 in Dayton, Ohio, and 6 in Louisville, Kentucky. Frischs is the oldest, longest surviving regional Big Boy operator, excluding Bobs Big Boy in California, in 1905, Samuel Frisch opened the Frisch Cafe in Cincinnati, Ohio. Five years later he closed the café and moved to the Norwood suburb of Cincinnati soon opening another café there, success brought a new building in 1915 for the restaurant then known as Frischs Stag Lunch. He continued to operate the cafe until his death in 1923, three of Samuels sons, David, Reuben and Irving, continued operating their fathers cafe after his death. In 1932 Dave Frisch sold his interest in Stag Lunch and opened his own Frischs Café, although Frischs Café was a success—a second location opened—the effects of the Great Depression led to bankruptcy and both units closed in 1938. Frisch was in business again when Fred Cornuelle, a local businessman provided money for a new restaurant, Cincinnatis first year-round drive-in, it was named after a passenger airplane flying overhead into nearby Lunken Airport. By 1944 a second Frischs restaurant opened, designed to resemble George Washingtons home, immediately after World War II, Dave Frisch visited one of Bob Wians Big Boy restaurants in California. Unknown to Dave Frisch, Bob Wian was disturbed by drive-in operators outside California using the Big Boy name, to gain national trademark protection, Wian needed his Big Boy restaurants to operate in other regions of the U. S. When the two men met, Wian offered Frisch a sweetheart deal of $1 per year for a four state territory. The territory included the Cincinnati tri-state region of Ohio, Kentucky and Indiana, Frisch accepted and became the first Big Boy franchisee. Being the first franchisee, an ad hoc arrangement allowed Dave Frisch unique freedoms and his double-deck Big Boy hamburger was slightly different than Wians. Dave Frisch also created his own Big Boy character, a boy with reddish or blond hair, wearing striped rather than checkered overalls. Known as the East Coast Big Boy, this mark represented Frischs, most Frischs Big Boy restaurants still display statues from this design, albeit usually repainted with brown hair and checkered overalls. In 2017 a redesigned statue resembling the West Coast Big Boy was introduced, Dave Frisch began selling Big Boy hamburgers in 1946 at Frischs Mainliner Drive-In. After forging an agreement with Bob Wian in 1947, the first Frischs Big Boy Drive-In restaurant, Big Boy One. In 1949, Frischs opened its first restaurant in Kentucky, and, over the decade, it expanded throughout southern Ohio. Early restaurants built during this time offered carhop services, in 1953 and 1954 Frischs subfranchised Azars Big Boy in Ft. Wayne, Indiana, and Manners Big Boy in the Cleveland, Ohio TV market
37.
National League
–
Both leagues currently have 15 teams. The two league champions of 1903 arranged to compete against each other in the inaugural World Series, after the 1904 champions failed to reach a similar agreement, the two leagues formalized the World Series as an arrangement between the leagues. National League teams have won 48 of the 112 World Series contested from 1903 to 2016, the 2016 National League champions are the Chicago Cubs. By 1875, the National Association of Professional Base Ball Players was dangerously weak, additionally, Hulbert had a problem—five of his star players were threatened with expulsion from the NAPBBP because Hulbert had signed them to his club using what were considered questionable means. Hulbert had a vested interest in creating his own league. After recruiting St. Louis privately, four western clubs met in Louisville, Kentucky, Boston Red Stockings, the dominant team in the N. A. Hartford Dark Blues from the N. A. Mutual of New York from the N. A. St. Louis Brown Stockings from the N. A, the only strong club from 1875 excluded in 1876 was a second one in Philadelphia, often called the White Stockings or Phillies. The first game in National League history was played on April 22,1876, at Philadelphias Jefferson Street Grounds, 25th & Jefferson, the new leagues authority was tested after the first season. The National League operated with six clubs during 1877 and 1878, over the next several years, various teams joined and left the struggling league. By 1880, six of the eight members had folded. The two remaining original NL franchises, Boston and Chicago, remain in operation today as the Atlanta Braves, in 1883 the New York Gothams and Philadelphia Phillies began National League play. Both teams remain in the NL today, the Phillies in their original city, the NL encountered its first strong rival organization when the American Association began play in 1882. The A. A. played in cities where the NL did not have teams, offered Sunday games and alcoholic beverages in locales where permitted, the National League and the American Association participated in a version of the World Series seven times during their ten-year coexistence. These contests were less organized than the modern Series, lasting as few as three games and as many as fifteen, with two Series ending in disputed ties, the NL won four times and the A. A. only once, in 1886. Starting with the Pittsburgh Pirates in 1887, the National League began to raid the American Association for franchises to replace NL teams that folded and this undercut the stability of the A. A. Other new leagues that rose to compete with the National League were the Union Association, the Union Association was established in 1884 and folded after playing only one season, its league champion St. Louis Maroons joining the NL. The NL suffered many defections of star players to the Players League, the Brooklyn, Chicago, Pittsburgh, and New York franchises of the NL absorbed their Players League counterparts. The labor strife of 1890 hastened the downfall of the American Association, after the 1891 season, the A. A. disbanded and merged with the NL, which became known legally for the next decade as the National League and American Association
38.
Kent Tekulve
–
Kenton Charles Teke Tekulve is a former Major League Baseball right-handed relief pitcher. During his 16 seasons in MLB, he pitched for three teams, but spent most of his career with the Pittsburgh Pirates, pitching with an unusual submarine delivery, he was known as a workhorse relief pitcher who holds several records for number of games pitched and innings pitched. Tekulve is a 1969 graduate of Marietta College in Ohio and he signed that year as a free agent with the Pittsburgh Pirates and remained with that organization until 1985. He made his league debut in 1974. His best seasons came in 1978 and 1979, in both of which he saved 31 games and posted ERAs of 2.33 and 2.75 and he saved three games in the 1979 World Series including the winner, as his Pirates defeated the Baltimore Orioles. He was selected an All-Star in 1980, early in the 1985 season, Tekulve was traded to the Philadelphia Phillies for Al Holland and a minor leaguer. He continued to be an effective reliever into his 40s, only in his first season and his last season did he post an ERA above 4. While with the Phillies, he led the NL in games pitched for the fourth time, Tekulve signed with the Cincinnati Reds before the 1989 season and pitched in 37 games before retiring in July. Tekulve led the leagues in games pitched four times, appearing in 90 or more games three times. He and Mike Marshall are the pitchers in baseball history to appear in 90 or more games more than once. Tekulve is also the oldest pitcher ever to appear in 90 games, tekulves three saves in the 1979 World Series tied the single-Series mark set by Roy Face in the 1960 World Series, it was broken by John Wetteland in 1996. Tekulve owns the records for most appearances and innings pitched without making a single start. In 1986 he broke Roy Faces NL record of 846 career games pitched, in August of 1987, he pitched on nine consecutive days, a record for pitchers. Tekulve also holds the record for most career losses without having given up any earned runs, with 12, as well as the record for most intentional walks issued, Tekulve was a member of the Philadelphia Phillies television broadcast team from 1991 to 1997. After several years involvement with the Washington Wild Things of the independent Frontier League, Tekulve currently works for Root Sports Pittsburgh and appears as an analyst after each Pittsburgh Pirates game. However, in the early to mid part of the 2014 Pirates season, filling in for him in his absence, former Pirate player and former Oakland Athletics manager Ken Macha. Tekulve underwent successful heart surgery on September 5,2014. Tekulve threw the first pitch at the National League Wild Card game between the Pittsburgh Pirates and the San Francisco Giants on October 1,2014, list of Major League Baseball all-time saves leaders Games finished Career statistics and player information from MLB, or Baseball-Reference, or Baseball-Reference
