1.
El Paso, Texas
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El Paso is the seat of El Paso County, Texas, United States. The city is situated in the far corner of the U. S. state of Texas. El Paso stands on the Rio Grande river across the Mexico–United States border from Ciudad Juárez, the region of over 2.9 million people constitutes the largest bilingual and binational work force in the Western Hemisphere. The city hosts the annual Sun Bowl college football post-season game, El Paso has a strong federal and military presence. William Beaumont Army Medical Center, Biggs Army Airfield, and Fort Bliss call the city home, Fort Bliss is one of the largest military complexes of the United States Army and the largest training area in the United States. Also headquartered in El Paso are the DEA domestic field division 7, El Paso Intelligence Center, Joint Task Force North, Border Patrol El Paso Sector, and U. S. In 2010, El Paso received an All-America City Award, El Paso has been ranked the safest large city in the U. S. for four consecutive years and has ranked in the top three since 1997. As of July 1,2015, the estimate for the city from the U. S. Census was 681,124. Its U. S. metropolitan area covers all of El Paso and Hudspeth counties in Texas, the El Paso MSA forms part of the larger El Paso–Las Cruces CSA, with a population of 1,053,267. The El Paso region has had human settlement for thousands of years, the evidence suggests 10,000 to 12,000 years of human habitation. The earliest known cultures in the region were maize farmers, when the Spanish arrived, the Manso, Suma, and Jumano tribes populated the area. These were subsequently incorporated into the Mestizo culture, along with immigrants from central Mexico, captives from Comanchería, the Mescalero Apache were also present. El Paso del Norte was founded on the bank of the Río Bravo del Norte. El Paso remained the largest settlement in New Mexico until its cession to the U. S. in 1848, the Texas Revolution was generally not felt in the region, as the American population was small, not being more than 10% of the population. However, the region was claimed by Texas as part of the treaty signed with Mexico, during this interregnum, 1836–1848, Americans nonetheless continued to settle the region. The present Texas–New Mexico boundary placing El Paso on the Texas side was drawn in the Compromise of 1850, El Paso County was established in March 1850, with San Elizario as the first county seat. The United States Senate fixed a boundary between Texas and New Mexico at the 32nd parallel, thus largely ignoring history and topography, a military post called The Post opposite El Paso was established in 1854. Further west, a settlement on Coons Rancho called Franklin became the nucleus of the future El Paso, a year later, pioneer Anson Mills completed his plan of the town, calling it El Paso
2.
Texas
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Texas is the second largest state in the United States by both area and population. Other major cities include Austin, the second most populous state capital in the U. S. Texas is nicknamed the Lone Star State to signify its former status as an independent republic, and as a reminder of the states struggle for independence from Mexico. The Lone Star can be found on the Texan state flag, the origin of Texass name is from the word Tejas, which means friends in the Caddo language. Due to its size and geologic features such as the Balcones Fault, although Texas is popularly associated with the U. S. southwestern deserts, less than 10 percent of Texas land area is desert. Most of the centers are located in areas of former prairies, grasslands, forests. Traveling from east to west, one can observe terrain that ranges from coastal swamps and piney woods, to rolling plains and rugged hills, the term six flags over Texas refers to several nations that have ruled over the territory. Spain was the first European country to claim the area of Texas, Mexico controlled the territory until 1836 when Texas won its independence, becoming an independent Republic. In 1845, Texas joined the United States as the 28th state, the states annexation set off a chain of events that caused the Mexican–American War in 1846. A slave state before the American Civil War, Texas declared its secession from the U. S. in early 1861, after the Civil War and the restoration of its representation in the federal government, Texas entered a long period of economic stagnation. One Texan industry that thrived after the Civil War was cattle, due to its long history as a center of the industry, Texas is associated with the image of the cowboy. The states economic fortunes changed in the early 20th century, when oil discoveries initiated a boom in the state. With strong investments in universities, Texas developed a diversified economy, as of 2010 it shares the top of the list of the most Fortune 500 companies with California at 57. With a growing base of industry, the leads in many industries, including agriculture, petrochemicals, energy, computers and electronics, aerospace. Texas has led the nation in export revenue since 2002 and has the second-highest gross state product. The name Texas, based on the Caddo word tejas meaning friends or allies, was applied by the Spanish to the Caddo themselves, during Spanish colonial rule, the area was officially known as the Nuevo Reino de Filipinas, La Provincia de Texas. Texas is the second largest U. S. state, behind Alaska, though 10 percent larger than France and almost twice as large as Germany or Japan, it ranks only 27th worldwide amongst country subdivisions by size. If it were an independent country, Texas would be the 40th largest behind Chile, Texas is in the south central part of the United States of America. Three of its borders are defined by rivers, the Rio Grande forms a natural border with the Mexican states of Chihuahua, Coahuila, Nuevo León, and Tamaulipas to the south
3.
Los Angeles
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Los Angeles, officially the City of Los Angeles and often known by its initials L. A. is the cultural, financial, and commercial center of Southern California. With a census-estimated 2015 population of 3,971,883, it is the second-most populous city in the United States, Los Angeles is also the seat of Los Angeles County, the most populated county in the United States. The citys inhabitants are referred to as Angelenos, historically home to the Chumash and Tongva, Los Angeles was claimed by Juan Rodríguez Cabrillo for Spain in 1542 along with the rest of what would become Alta California. The city was founded on September 4,1781, by Spanish governor Felipe de Neve. It became a part of Mexico in 1821 following the Mexican War of Independence, in 1848, at the end of the Mexican–American War, Los Angeles and the rest of California were purchased as part of the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo, thereby becoming part of the United States. Los Angeles was incorporated as a municipality on April 4,1850, the discovery of oil in the 1890s brought rapid growth to the city. The completion of the Los Angeles Aqueduct in 1913, delivering water from Eastern California, nicknamed the City of Angels, Los Angeles is known for its Mediterranean climate, ethnic diversity, and sprawling metropolis. Los Angeles also has an economy in culture, media, fashion, science, sports, technology, education, medicine. A global city, it has been ranked 6th in the Global Cities Index, the city is home to renowned institutions covering a broad range of professional and cultural fields, and is one of the most substantial economic engines within the United States. The Los Angeles combined statistical area has a gross metropolitan product of $831 billion, making it the third-largest in the world, after the Greater Tokyo and New York metropolitan areas. The city has hosted the Summer Olympic Games in 1932 and 1984 and is bidding to host the 2024 Summer Olympics and thus become the second city after London to have hosted the Games three times. The Los Angeles area also hosted the 1994 FIFA mens World Cup final match as well as the 1999 FIFA womens World Cup final match, the mens event was watched on television by over 700 million people worldwide. The Los Angeles coastal area was first settled by the Tongva, a Gabrielino settlement in the area was called iyáangẚ, meaning poison oak place. Gaspar de Portolà and Franciscan missionary Juan Crespí, reached the present site of Los Angeles on August 2,1769, in 1771, Franciscan friar Junípero Serra directed the building of the Mission San Gabriel Arcángel, the first mission in the area. The Queen of the Angels is an honorific of the Virgin Mary, two-thirds of the settlers were mestizo or mulatto with a mixture of African, indigenous and European ancestry. The settlement remained a small town for decades, but by 1820. Today, the pueblo is commemorated in the district of Los Angeles Pueblo Plaza and Olvera Street. New Spain achieved its independence from the Spanish Empire in 1821, during Mexican rule, Governor Pío Pico made Los Angeles Alta Californias regional capital
4.
California
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California is the most populous state in the United States and the third most extensive by area. Located on the western coast of the U. S, California is bordered by the other U. S. states of Oregon, Nevada, and Arizona and shares an international border with the Mexican state of Baja California. Los Angeles is Californias most populous city, and the second largest after New York City. The Los Angeles Area and the San Francisco Bay Area are the nations second- and fifth-most populous urban regions, California also has the nations most populous county, Los Angeles County, and its largest county by area, San Bernardino County. The Central Valley, an agricultural area, dominates the states center. What is now California was first settled by various Native American tribes before being explored by a number of European expeditions during the 16th and 17th centuries, the Spanish Empire then claimed it as part of Alta California in their New Spain colony. The area became a part of Mexico in 1821 following its war for independence. The western portion of Alta California then was organized as the State of California, the California Gold Rush starting in 1848 led to dramatic social and demographic changes, with large-scale emigration from the east and abroad with an accompanying economic boom. If it were a country, California would be the 6th largest economy in the world, fifty-eight percent of the states economy is centered on finance, government, real estate services, technology, and professional, scientific and technical business services. Although it accounts for only 1.5 percent of the states economy, the story of Calafia is recorded in a 1510 work The Adventures of Esplandián, written as a sequel to Amadis de Gaula by Spanish adventure writer Garci Rodríguez de Montalvo. The kingdom of Queen Calafia, according to Montalvo, was said to be a land inhabited by griffins and other strange beasts. This conventional wisdom that California was an island, with maps drawn to reflect this belief, shortened forms of the states name include CA, Cal. Calif. and US-CA. Settled by successive waves of arrivals during the last 10,000 years, various estimates of the native population range from 100,000 to 300,000. The Indigenous peoples of California included more than 70 distinct groups of Native Americans, ranging from large, settled populations living on the coast to groups in the interior. California groups also were diverse in their organization with bands, tribes, villages. Trade, intermarriage and military alliances fostered many social and economic relationships among the diverse groups, the first European effort to explore the coast as far north as the Russian River was a Spanish sailing expedition, led by Portuguese captain Juan Rodríguez Cabrillo, in 1542. Some 37 years later English explorer Francis Drake also explored and claimed a portion of the California coast in 1579. Spanish traders made unintended visits with the Manila galleons on their trips from the Philippines beginning in 1565
5.
Forest Lawn Memorial Park (Hollywood Hills)
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Forest Lawn Memorial Park — Hollywood Hills is one of the six Forest Lawn Southern California cemeteries. It is located at 6300 Forest Lawn Dr, Los Angeles, CA90068, in the Hollywood Hills neighborhood of Los Angeles, California. Forest Lawn — Hollywood Hills is a dedicated to the preservation of American history and hosts high-profile events such as an annual Veterans Day ceremony attended by dignitaries. The park features such sights as, The Court of Liberty features statues of George Washington and Thomas Jefferson, at 162 feet long and 28 feet high, Birth of Liberty is the largest historical mosaic in the United States. It is composed of ten pieces of Venetian glass and depicts twenty-five scenes from early America. The Old North Church, a replica of Bostons historic church. The historical rooms have documents and mementos of the colonial period, the Hall of Liberty American History Museum has a copy of the Liberty Bell and other exhibits. The museum has a 1, 200-seat auditorium, monument to Washington, a marble and bronze tribute to Americas first president, created by sculptor Thomas Ball. Four of Washingtons generals are honored in the memorial, the Lincoln Terrace features a 16-foot bronze statue of the 16th president by Augustus St. Gaudens, flanked by a panoramic mosaic depicting key scenes from Lincolns life. The Plaza of Mesoamerican Heritage has indigenous/non-Christian sculptures by Meliton Salas Rodriguez, of Guadalajara, the first Forest Lawn, in Glendale, was founded in 1906 by businessmen who hired Dr. Hubert Eaton, a firm believer in a joyous life after death. Before it was a cemetery, Forest Lawn was a location used by directors such as Carl Laemmle. The climactic battle scenes for D. W. Griffiths The Birth of a Nation were filmed there. The alternate names of the site are Providencia Flats, Nestor Ranch, Oak Ranch, Oak Crest Ranch, Universal Ranch/Universal City, Lasky Ranch. When Eaton made known his desire to open a second Forest Lawn location in the Hollywood Hills, the local residents protested vehemently. To circumvent the protesters, Mr. Eaton sent his staff to the county morgue to claim 6 John Does, in the morning, the protesters had no power because, by law, the property was now a cemetery. A mausoleum, for crypt or vault interments, a crematory and columbarium, for cinerary interments. A place where six or more bodies are buried. The new mortuary and cemetery opened in 1952, interred or entombed in the Hollywood Hills cemetery are many famous people, particularly from the entertainment industry
6.
Eddie Fisher (singer)
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Edwin John Eddie Fisher was an American singer and actor. He was the most successful pop singles artist during the first half of the 1950s, selling millions of records and hosting his own TV show. Fisher divorced his first wife, actress Debbie Reynolds, to marry Reynolds best friend, actress Elizabeth Taylor, after Taylors husband, the scandalous affair was widely reported, bringing unfavorable publicity to Fisher. Fisher fathered Carrie Fisher and Todd Fisher with Reynolds, and Joely Fisher, Fisher was born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, the fourth of seven children born to Gitte and Joseph Tisch, who were Russian Jewish immigrants. His fathers surname was originally Tisch, but was changed to Fisher by the time of the 1940 census, to his family, Fisher was always called Sonny Boy, a nickname derived from the song of the same name in Al Jolsons film The Singing Fool. Fisher attended Thomas Junior High School, South Philadelphia High School and it was known at an early age that he had talent as a vocalist, and he started singing in numerous amateur contests, which he usually won. He made his debut on WFIL, a local Philadelphia radio station. He also performed on Arthur Godfreys Talent Scouts, a radio show that later moved to television. Because he became a star, Fisher dropped out of high school in the middle of his senior year to pursue his career. By 1946, Fisher was crooning with the bands of Buddy Morrow and he was heard in 1949 by Eddie Cantor at Grossingers Catskill Resort Hotel in the Borscht Belt. Cantors so-called discovery of Fisher was later described as a contrived, manipulated arrangement by Milton Blackstone. After performing on Cantors radio show he was an instant hit and he then signed a recording contract with RCA Victor. Fisher was drafted into the U. S. Army in 1951, sent to Fort Hood, Texas for basic training, and served a year in Korea. From 1952 to 1953, he was the vocal soloist for The United States Army Band. During his active duty period, he made occasional guest television appearances, in uniform. After his discharge, he began to sing in top nightclubs and had a variety television series, Fishers strong and melodious tenor made him a teen idol and one of the most popular singers of the early 1950s. He had 17 songs in the Top 10 on the charts between 1950 and 1956 and 35 in the Top 40. In 1956, Fisher costarred with then-wife Debbie Reynolds in the musical comedy Bundle of Joy and he played a dramatic role in the 1960 drama Butterfield 8 with second wife Elizabeth Taylor
7.
Carrie Fisher
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Carrie Frances Fisher was an American actress, writer and humorist who first became known for playing Princess Leia in the Star Wars film series. Her other film roles included Shampoo, The Blues Brothers, Hannah and Her Sisters, The Burbs and she worked on other writers screenplays as a script doctor. In later years, she earned praise for speaking publicly about her experiences with bipolar disorder and it premiered at the 2016 Cannes Film Festival. Fisher died of cardiac arrest on December 27,2016, at age 60 and her final film, Star Wars, The Last Jedi, is scheduled to be released on December 15,2017. Carrie Frances Fisher was born on October 21,1956, in Burbank, California, to actors and singers Eddie Fisher, Fishers paternal grandparents were Jewish Russian immigrants, while her mother, who was raised a Nazarene, was of Scots-Irish and English descent. Fisher was two years old when her parents divorced in 1959 and her fathers third marriage, to actress Connie Stevens, resulted in the births of Fishers two half-sisters, Joely Fisher and Tricia Leigh Fisher. In 1960, her mother married Harry Karl, owner of a chain of shoe stores, Reynolds and Karl divorced in 1973, when Fisher was 17 years old. Fisher hid in books as a child, becoming known in her family as the bookworm and she spent her earliest years reading classic literature, and writing poetry. She attended Beverly Hills High School until age 15, when she appeared as a debutante and singer in the hit Broadway revival Irene and her time on Broadway interfered with her education, resulting in Fishers dropping out of high school. In 1973, Fisher enrolled at Londons Central School of Speech and Drama, following her time there, Fisher applied to and was accepted at Sarah Lawrence College, where she planned to study the arts. In 1977, Fisher starred as Princess Leia in George Lucas science-fiction film Star Wars opposite Mark Hamill, at the time, she believed the script for Star Wars was fantastic, but did not expect many people to agree with her. Though her fellow actors were not close at the time, they bonded after the success of the film. In April 1978, Fisher appeared as the love interest in Ringo Starrs 1978 TV special Ringo, the next month, she starred alongside John Ritter in the ABC-TV film Leave Yesterday Behind. At this time, Fisher appeared with Laurence Olivier and Joanne Woodward in the anthology series Laurence Olivier Presents in a version of the William Inge play Come Back. That November, she played Princess Leia in the 1978 TV production Star Wars Holiday Special, Fisher appeared in the film The Blues Brothers as Jakes vengeful ex-lover, she is listed in the credits as Mystery Woman. While in Chicago filming the movie, Fisher choked on a Brussels sprout, Dan Aykroyd performed the Heimlich maneuver and she appeared on Broadway in Censored Scenes from King Kong in 1980. She also starred as Sister Agnes in the Broadway production of Agnes of God in 1982. In 1983, Fisher returned to the role of Princess Leia in Return of the Jedi, the costume later achieved a following of its own
8.
Billie Lourd
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Billie Catherine Lourd is an American actress. She is best known for starring as Chanel #3 in the horror-comedy series Scream Queens, Lourd was born in Los Angeles, California, the daughter of actress Carrie Fisher and talent agent Bryan Lourd. Through her mother, Lourd is the granddaughter of actress Debbie Reynolds and singer Eddie Fisher, and the niece of Todd Fisher, Joely Fisher and her godmother is actress Meryl Streep. From her mothers side, she is of Russian Jewish, Scots-Irish and English descent, writer Bruce Wagner is Lourds godfather. Lourd studied religion and psychology at New York University, graduating in 2014, Lourd played the role of Lieutenant Connix in the 2015 Star Wars sequel film The Force Awakens. She will also appear in the installment, Star Wars. In February 2015, Lourd was cast in the Fox horror-comedy series Scream Queens, Lourds character, a rich and disaffected sorority girl known as Chanel #3, wears earmuffs as an homage to Fishers iconic cinnamon buns hairstyle from the original Star Wars film. In December 2015, Lourd spoke about her meeting with Scream Queens creator Ryan Murphy, I thought he wanted me to audition. I didnt think he wanted to me, I knew thats not how things worked. The next day, they told me, you know that offer you didnt sound too excited about and its an offer, not an audition. I didnt know how he was doing this, the next week I was in New Orleans. By December 2015, Lourd had joined the cast of the American biographical crime-drama film Billionaire Boys Club, Lourd was cast as Rosanna, love interest of Kyle Biltmore, played by Jeremy Irvine. Lourd returned to Scream Queens for its second season, billie Lourd at the Internet Movie Database
9.
Helen Kane
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Helen Kane born Helen Clare Schroeder was an American popular singer, her signature song was I Wanna Be Loved by You. Kanes voice and appearance were a source for Fleischer Studios animator Grim Natwick when creating Betty Boop. Born as Helen Clare Schroeder, Kane attended St. Anselms Parochial School in the Bronx and she was the youngest of three children. Her father, Louis Schroeder, the son of a German immigrant, was employed intermittently, her Irish immigrant mother, Ellen Schroeder, Kanes mother reluctantly paid $3 for her daughters costume as a queen in Kanes first theatrical role at school. By the time she was 15 years old, Kane was onstage professionally and she spent the early 1920s trouping in vaudeville as a singer and kickline dancer with a theater engagement called the All Jazz Revue. She played the New York Palace for the first time in 1921 and her Broadway days started there as well with the Stars of the Future. She also sang onstage with a singing trio, the Hamilton Sisters and Fordyce. Kanes roommate in the early 1920s was Jessie Fordyce, the singing trio act might have become the Hamilton Sisters and Schroeder, however, Pearl Hamilton chose Fordyce to tour as a trio act just to see what happens at the end of the theatrical season. Kanes career break came in 1927, when she appeared in a musical called A Night in Spain and it ran from May 3,1927, through Nov 12,1927, for a total of 174 performances, at the 44th Street Theatre in NYC. Subsequently, Paul Ash, a conductor, put Kanes name forward for a performance at New Yorks Paramount Theater. Kanes first performance at the Paramount Theater in Times Square proved to be her careers launching point and she was singing Thats My Weakness Now, when she interpolated the scat lyrics boop-boop-a-doop. This resonated with the culture, and four days later. Oscar Hammerstein’s 1928 show Good Boy was where she first introduced the hit I Wanna Be Loved by You, then it was back to the Palace, as a headliner for $5,000 a week. She rejoined her friends from vaudeville, The Three X Sisters for one night, in a 1935 live stage performance, she harmonized with their unique banter to a novelty tune The Preacher and the Bear. Kane had excellent diction, intonation, and timing, learned during her apprenticeship in vaudeville and her songs have a strong word focus and capitalize on her coquettish voice. She blended several fashionable styles of the late 1920s and these included scat singing, a kind of vocal improvisation, and also blending singing and speech. Sprechgesang was fashionable at this time in Germanys Weimar Republic in both nightclubs and in serious music, Kane recorded 22 songs between 1928 and 1930. After 1930 and up to 1951, she recorded four sides for Columbia Records in addition to the Three Little Words soundtrack single recording of I Wanna Be Loved by You and she also recorded four songs that comprise a 1954 MGM 45Ep entitled The Boop Boop a Doop Girl
10.
Three Little Words (film)
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The film, released by Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer, was written by Academy Award winning screenwriter George Wells, directed by Richard Thorpe and produced by Jack Cummings. Harry Ruby served as a consultant on the project, and appears in a role as a baseball-catcher. It was the third in a series of MGM biopics about Broadway composers, it was preceded by Till the Clouds Roll By and Words and Music and followed by Deep in My Heart. Fred Astaire as Bert Kalmar Red Skelton as Harry Ruby Vera-Ellen as Jessie Brown Arlene Dahl as Eileen Percy Keenan Wynn as Charlie Kope Gale Robbins as Terry Lordel Gloria DeHaven as Mrs. S. charts. In recognition of his performance, Fred Astaire was awarded the first Golden Globe Award for Best Actor - Motion Picture Musical or Comedy in 1951. These routines are contrasted with some choreographically primitive numbers typical of vaudeville c, the spirit of the partnered dances expands on the theme of marital contentment previously explored in The Story of Vernon and Irene Castle and the prior years The Barkleys of Broadway. Vera-Ellens singing voice was dubbed by Anita Ellis, where Did You Get That Girl. Astaire and Vera-Ellen, dressed in top hat, white tie and tails, impersonate the vaudeville partnership of Kalmar and Brown with this genial song, incidentally Ruby, working as a song plugger, had once played tunes for the Astaire siblings. My Sunny Tennessee, Astaire and Skelton deliver a version of this 1921 hit, so Long, OO-Long, Kalmar and Rubys 1920 oriental-themed ditty is performed by Astaire and Skelton. This 1923 Kalmar and Ruby standard was sung by Gloria DeHaven, test Solo, Danced by Astaire, initially to a spare piano accompaniment by André Previn and then to the music of Where Did You Get That Girl. In the beginning of the solo, Astaire places his hat on top of a light stand, One year later, in Sunday Jumps from Royal Wedding he would take a clotheshorse into his arms and dance with it. Come On Papa, Another high-kicking song and dance routine, this time for Vera-Ellen and chorus of sailors, to a 1918 song by Ruby, nevertheless, Kalmar and Rubys 1931 song is performed on stage by Astaire and Vera-Ellen to Skeltons piano accompaniment. All Alone Monday, Gale Robbins delivers a performance of Kalmar, thinking of You, One of the dance highlights of the film is this romantic partnered routine for Astaire and Vera-Ellen, which follows after Ellens performance of this 1927 standard. After this departure - which illustrates the passion than can continue to long after the married nuptials - the dance subsides into a tender coda. I Love You So Much, Arlene Dahl, accompanied by a chorus of top-hatted men, sings, the New York Times, August 10,1950, There is a special quality about the new picture. which deserves immediate mention in detail. That is the performance of Fred Astaire as Bert Kalmar. Mr. Astaire has been wearing out thin-soled dancing shoes at a great pace over the years while most of us have grown a little heavier, variety, July 12,1950, Stal. For Astaire, its unquestionably his best picture in sometime. She matches Astaire tap for tap. and looks to be the best partner hes ever had
11.
Singin' in the Rain
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Singin in the Rain is a 1952 American musical comedy film directed and choreographed by Gene Kelly and Stanley Donen, starring Kelly, Donald OConnor, and Debbie Reynolds. It offers a depiction of Hollywood in the late 1920s. The film was only a modest hit when first released and it topped the AFIs Greatest Movie Musicals list and is ranked as the fifth-greatest American motion picture of all time in its updated list of the greatest American films in 2007. In 1989, the United States Library of Congress selected the film for preservation in the National Film Registry, Don Lockwood is a popular silent film star with humble roots as a singer, dancer, and stuntman. Don barely tolerates his vain, cunning, and shallow leading lady, Lina Lamont, though their studio, Monumental Pictures, Lina is convinced they are in love, despite Dons protestations otherwise. At the premiere of his newest film, The Royal Rascal, Don tells the crowd an exaggerated version of his life story, including his motto, Dignity. His words are humorously contradicted by flashbacks showing him alongside his best friend Cosmo Brown, to escape from his fans after the premiere, Don jumps into a passing car driven by Kathy Selden. She drops him off, but not before claiming to be a stage actress, later, at a party, the head of Dons studio, R. F. Simpson, shows a short demonstration of a picture. To Dons amusement, Kathy pops out of a mock cake right in front of him, furious at Dons teasing, she throws a real cake at him, only to hit Lina right in the face. Don is smitten with Kathy and searches for her for weeks, while filming a love scene, Lina tells him that she had Kathy fired. Don finally finds Kathy working in another Monumental Pictures production and she confesses to having been a fan of his all along. The production is beset with difficulties, including Linas grating voice, an exasperated diction coach tries to teach her how to speak properly, but to no avail. Don, Kathy and Cosmo come up with the idea to turn The Duelling Cavalier into a musical called The Dancing Cavalier, Cosmo, inspired by a scene in The Duelling Cavalier where Linas voice was out of sync, suggests that they dub Linas voice with Kathys. R. F. approves the idea but tells them not to inform Lina about the dubbing, when Lina finds out, she is infuriated. She becomes even angrier when she discovers that R. F. intends to give Kathy a screen credit, Lina threatens to sue R. F. unless he orders Kathy to continue working uncredited as Linas voice. R. F. reluctantly agrees to her demands, as a clause in her states that she can sue whenever denied a role of her choosing. The premiere of The Dancing Cavalier is a tremendous success, when the audience clamors for Lina to sing live, Don, Cosmo, and R. F. tell her to lip sync into the microphone while Kathy, hidden behind the curtain, sings into a second one
12.
The Affairs of Dobie Gillis
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The Affairs of Dobie Gillis is a 1953 comedy musical film. The film is based on the writings by Max Shulman as the subsequent television series. Bobby Van played Gillis in this version, co-starring with Debbie Reynolds. At Grainbelt University, a Midwestern university, freshman Dobie Gillis and his pal Charlie Trask court cute coeds Pansy Hammer, pansys wealthy father George cant stand Dobie and does everything in his power to keep them apart. Along the way, Dobie and Pansy manage to blow up the chemistry lab, bobby Van as Dobie Gillis Debbie Reynolds as Pansy Hammer Bob Fosse as Charlie Trask Barbara Ruick as Lorna Hans Conried as Prof. Pomfritt Hanley Stafford as George Hammer Lurene Tuttle as Mrs. com
13.
Susan Slept Here
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Susan Slept Here is a 1954 American romantic comedy film starring Dick Powell and Debbie Reynolds. Shot in Technicolor, the film was based on the play of the name by Steve Fisher. The films plotline was later used again by director Frank Tashlin for 1962s Bachelor Flat, Mark Christopher is a successful thirty-five-year-old Hollywood screenwriter who has suffered from partial writers block since winning an Academy Award and has been unable to produce a decent script. One Christmas Eve, he receives an unexpected and very unwanted surprise present, vice Squad Sergeant Sam Hanlon brings seventeen-year-old Susan Landis to Marks luxurious apartment. Susan had been abandoned by her mother and was arrested for vagrancy, not wanting to keep her in jail over the holidays and aware that Mark was interested in writing a script about juvenile delinquency, the kindhearted cop decides to bend the rules. Hanlon suggests that Susan stay with Mark until her arraignment the day after Christmas, Mark is naturally appalled, but is eventually persuaded to take the girl in. This doesnt go too well with his long-time fiancée, Isabella Alexander. Isabellas jealousy grows when Susan develops a crush on Mark, Marks secretary Maude Snodgrass, his best friend Virgil, and his lawyer Harvey Butterworth do their best to keep the situation under control. When Harvey lets slip that Susan will likely stay in a detention facility till she is 18, Mark impulsively takes her to Las Vegas. The marriage, he explains to his friends, will last for just long enough to convince the judge that Susan has made good, to avoid consummating the marriage, he takes Susan out dancing till she collapses with fatigue, and brings her back to Hollywood. Mark then slips away to a cabin in the Sierra Nevada mountains to work on his script with Maude, the marriage is reported in the newspapers. Enraged Isabella confronts Susan, but is hauled away by Hanlon, some weeks later, Isabella finds Mark in the cabin. She has calmed down, but Mark says he thinks they are not really suited to each other, Susan also arrives, determined to win Mark to a real marriage. She is encouraged and supported by Maude, who regrets leaving her childhood love behind for an attempted acting career in Hollywood. Susan refuses to sign the annulment papers, while Mark still will not consummate the marriage, when Susan is seen eating strawberries and pickles, Marks friends assume the worst, that she is pregnant. Susan eventually confesses to Mark that she just likes that combination, Mark has his own confession, he is in love with Susan but is worried by their age difference. Susan tells him all the reasons that they should stay married and he taught me common courtesy and to treat my crew and colleagues with equal respect. Reynolds liked the film stating that little comedy made $5,500,000, pulled RKO out of the red
14.
Bundle of Joy
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Bundle of Joy is a Technicolor musical remake of the comedy film Bachelor Mother, which starred Ginger Rogers. It stars Eddie Fisher and Debbie Reynolds, and Adolphe Menjou, an unmarried salesgirl at a department store finds and takes care of an abandoned baby. Much confusion results when her co-workers assume the child is hers, the film opens at J. B. Merlin & Sons department store on the Upper East Side of Manhattan. Polly Parish works in the Millinery Department, and she is summoned to the office of the store manager where she is fired, the manager informs her that she is overselling hats, which creates too many returns and too much work for the accounting department. After work, Polly walks home and wonders what she will do to make ends meet, on a step, she encounters an abandoned baby in a blanket and instinctively picks it up to comfort it. As she bends over, the door behind the step opens and a woman ushers Polly, Polly has not noticed the sign that indicates the door belongs to an orphanage. When she denies the baby is hers inside, the staff disbelieve her, Polly explains that she has just lost her job at J. B Merlin & Sons and insists there is no way that she will care for a baby that is not hers. After she leaves, the head of the orphanage decides to intervene on her behalf and he convinces the firm to hire Polly back, and she is summoned to a meeting with Dan Merlin the son of the titular owner. Dan informs her that she will be hired back at $10 more per week, when the baby arrives, Polly is flabbergasted. She convinces a friend to help her deliver the baby back to Dan at his home on East 63rd Street and they leave the baby in the care of Dans butler, whom Dan enlists to help him return the baby to Polly. They track her down to a hall where she is hoping to win a prize. Eddie gets into a scuffle and gets thrown out, so he goes to Pollys apartment and waits for her there with the baby. Forced to care for the baby, Polly makes do and grows fond of him and she names the child John, and Dan checks in on her from time to time. On New Years Eve, Dan is stood up by his date and he arranges for Pollys landlady to watch John while they go out together. He takes her to the department store to get an outfit for an out on the town. When he drops her off back at home, he jokes that she is fired so that he can kiss her, meanwhile, J. B. Merlin has been misinformed that he is a grandfather, mistaking John to be Dans son. He begins to make arrangements for Dan to have custody of the child. Polly panics at the thought of losing John, so she pretends that her landladys son is Johns real father
15.
The Catered Affair
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The Catered Affair, also known as Wedding Party, is a family drama film made by Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer. It was directed by Richard Brooks and produced by Sam Zimbalist from a screenplay by Gore Vidal, the film score was by André Previn and the cinematography by John Alton. The film stars Bette Davis, Ernest Borgnine, Debbie Reynolds, Barry Fitzgerald and it was Taylors first film for MGM after having been signed by the studio to a long-term contract. Agnes Hurley is a housewife, married to Bronx cabdriver Tom Hurley. She wants something better for her daughter, Jane, the film deals with the ensuing money troubles and conflicts within the family, which also involve Uncle Jack Conlon and most of the neighborhood. It was broadcast on May 22,1955, the cast included Pat Henning, Thelma Ritter, and J. Pat OMalley. It was the last original TV play Chayefsky wrote, Chayefsky later called the play an unfocused piece, in which the first act was farce, and the second was comedy-drama and the third was abruptly drama. There arent a dozen actresses who could make one out of all that, Miss Ritter, of course. The New York Times TV critic later wrote that the abandoned the stark simplicity that has become his trademark. Parts of his play were rewarding but the whole was disappointing, Pat Henning won an Emmy for his performance. Debbie Reynolds later said she hated making the film for personal reasons, I like the result and he directed me well but the director made it difficult for me and gave me a hard time. He called me ‘Little Miss Hollywood’ and made no attempt to hide his disdain for me, every day he was rude, and once he slapped me across the face in front of everyone. I don’t know what I’d done to him that time. According to MGM records the film earned $947,000 in the US and Canada and $520,000 in other countries, critics reviews were also unfavorable, with the film currently holding a 17% on Rotten Tomatoes. The cast included Faith Prince, Tom Wopat, Leslie Kritzer, list of American films of 1956 The Catered Affair at IMDB A Catered Affair at IMDB A Catered Affair at IBDB
16.
Tammy and the Bachelor
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Tammy and the Bachelor is a 1957 romantic comedy film and is the first of the four Tammy films. It stars Debbie Reynolds as Tambrey Tammy Tyree, Walter Brennan as Grandpa Dinwitty and it was adapted from the 1948 novel Tammy Out of Time by Cid Ricketts Sumner. Tambrey Tammy Tyree is a girl living in a houseboat in Mississippi with her Grandpa. She runs around barefoot, dreaming of life outside of the swamp, and talking to her best friend, Nan, one day in the swamp, Tammy and her grandfather locate the wreckage of a plane the grandfather had heard crash and discover the unconscious body of Peter Brent. Tammy and her grandfather help Peter recover at their home, during which time Tammy falls in love with Peter. However, he must return to his own home, but tells the grandfather that, if anything happened to the grandfather, Tammy would be welcome to come, several weeks later, Tammys grandfather is arrested for making moonshine. With no one else to stay with, Tammy sets off for Brentwood Hall and she arrives during a dance rehearsal and sees Peter with his friends. Tammy learns that Peter is busy with Brentwood #6, an experimental tomato he is growing in hopes of making Brentwood Hall self-sustaining once again. After Tammy finally tells everyone that her grandfather isnt actually dead, however, Peter and his Aunt Renie convince Tammy to stay, leading her to sing of her love for Peter. Peters love interest drops by Brentwood Hall and her uncle wants Peter to stop experimenting with tomatoes and offers him a deal to come to work with him in the advertising business. That week is also Pilgrimage Week, which includes a ball, Renie gives Tammy the dress Peters great-grandmother wore. Mrs. Brent and Renie suggest that Tammy pretend to be Great-Grandmother Cratchett for the evening, at the Ball that night, Tammy tells a story for the guests, and enchants everyone, even Mrs. Brent. That night, a storm hits Brentwood Hall and destroys all of the Brentwood #6s. The next morning, Peter announces that he is going to accept the advertising offer, Peter realizes he loves Tammy, finds Tammys grandfather, and returns to the houseboat, where he kisses her. Its naive sentimentality has proved an irresistible target for parody, most notably in Stan Frebergs Madison Ave. Werewolf, When I hold your sweet, Reynolds placed second for a Golden Laurel for Top Female Comedy Performance. The film itself was awarded third place for a Golden Laurel for Top Comedy, additionally, Reynoldss single version of the films title song became an across-the-music-charts #1 hit 45 release, on Coral Records
17.
Billboard (magazine)
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Billboard is an American entertainment media brand owned by the Hollywood Reporter-Billboard Media Group, a division of Eldridge Industries. It publishes pieces involving news, video, opinion, reviews, events and it is also known for its music charts, including the Billboard Hot 100 and Billboard 200, tracking the most popular singles and albums in different genres. It also hosts events, owns a publishing firm, and operates several TV shows, Billboard was founded in 1894 by William Donaldson and James Hennegan as a trade publication for bill posters. Donaldson later acquired Hennegens interest in 1900 for $500, in the 1900s, it covered the entertainment industry, such as circuses, fairs and burlesque shows. It also created a service for travelling entertainers. Billboard began focusing more on the industry as the jukebox, phonograph. Many topics it covered were spun-off into different magazines, including Amusement Business in 1961 to cover outdoor entertainment so that it could focus on music. After Donaldson died in 1925, Billboard was passed down to his children and Hennegans children, until it was sold to investors in 1985. The first issue of Billboard was published in Cincinnati, Ohio, on November 1,1894 by William Donaldson, initially, it covered the advertising and bill posting industry and was called Billboard Advertising. At the time, billboards, posters and paper advertisements placed in public spaces were the means of advertising. Donaldson handled editorial and advertising, while Hennegan, who owned Hennegan Printing Co. managed magazine production, the first issues were just eight pages long. The paper had columns like The Bill Room Gossip and The Indefatigable, a department for agricultural fairs was established in 1896. The title was changed to The Billboard in 1897, after a brief departure over editorial differences, Donaldson purchased Hennegans interest in the business in 1900 for $500, to save it from bankruptcy. That May, Donaldson changed it from a monthly to a paper with a greater emphasis on breaking news. He improved editorial quality and opened new offices in New York, Chicago, San Francisco, London and he also re-focused the magazine on outdoor entertainment like fairs, carnivals, circuses, vaudeville and burlesque shows. A section devoted to circuses was introduced in 1900, followed by more prominent coverage of events in 1901. Billboard also covered topics including regulation, a lack of professionalism, economics and it had a stage gossip column covering the private lives of entertainers, a tent show section covering traveling shows and a sub-section called Freaks to order. According to The Seattle Times, Donaldson also published articles attacking censorship, praising productions exhibiting good taste
18.
How the West Was Won (film)
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How the West Was Won is a 1962 American Metrocolor epic-Western film. The picture was one of the last old-fashioned epic films made by Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer to enjoy great success, set between 1839 and 1889, it follows four generations of a family as they move ever westward, from western New York state to the Pacific Ocean. The picture was filmed in the curved-screen three-projector Cinerama process, the film is narrated by Spencer Tracy. The score was listed at #25 on AFIs 100 Years of Film Scores, the film also gained unanimous widespread critical acclaim, and a perfect 100% rating on Rotten Tomatoes. In 1997, the film was selected for preservation in the National Film Registry of the Library of Congress as being deemed culturally, historically, or aesthetically significant. Zebulon Prescott and his family set out west for the frontier via the Erie Canal, along the journey, they meet mountain man, Linus Rawlings, who is traveling east, to Pittsburgh, to trade his furs. Rawlings and Zebulons daughter, Eve are attracted to each other, Linus Rawlings stops at an isolated trading post, run by a murderous clan of river pirates, headed by Alabama Colonel Jeb Hawkins. Linus is betrayed when he accompanies seductive Dora Hawkins, into a cave, modeled after the real outlaw haunt, of Cave-In-Rock State Park, Dora Hawkins stabs him in the back and Rawlings falls into a deep hole. He is not seriously wounded, and is able to rescue the Prescott party from a similar fate, the bushwhacking thieves, including Dora, are dispatched, being killed in an attack by Rawlings, in a form of rough, frontier justice. Linus, finding that he live without Eve, reappears. She insists on homesteading, at the spot where her parents died, Eves sister Lilith chooses to go to St. Louis, where she finds work performing in a dance hall. She attracts the attention of professional gambler Cleve Van Valen, after overhearing that she has just inherited a California gold mine, and to avoid paying his debts to another gambler, Cleve joins the wagon train taking her there. He and wagonmaster Roger Morgan court her along the way, surviving an attack by Cheyenne Indians, Lilith and Cleve arrive at the mine, only to find that it is worthless. Lilith returns to work in a hall in a camp town. Morgan finds her and again proposes marriage unromantically and she tells him, Not now, not ever. Later, Lilith is singing in the salon of a riverboat. By chance, Cleve is a passenger, when he hears Liliths voice, he leaves the poker table to propose to her. He tells her of the opportunities waiting in the growing city of San Francisco
19.
The Unsinkable Molly Brown (film)
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The Unsinkable Molly Brown is a 1964 American musical film directed by Charles Walters and starring Debbie Reynolds. The screenplay by Helen Deutsch is based on the book of the 1960 musical The Unsinkable Molly Brown by Richard Morris, the song score was composed by Meredith Willson. The plot is an account of the life of Margaret Brown. Debbie Reynolds was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Actress for her portrayal of Brown, rescued from the Colorado River as an infant and raised by Seamus Tobin, tomboy Molly Brown is determined to find a wealthy man to marry. She journeys to Leadville, Colorado and is hired as a singer by Christmas Morgan. After miner Johnny Brown renovates his cabin, the two wed, and he sells his claim in a mine for $300,000. Soon after the money Molly hid in the stove accidentally is burned and she and Johnny go to Europe, where they are embraced by royalty, and the couple return to Denver with their new friends. Mollys plan to them to the people who formerly rejected her is derailed by Johnnys rough and tumble friends, whose unexpected. Molly decides to return to Europe, leaving Johnny behind and she initially falls for the charms of Prince Louis de Lanière, but eventually decides she prefers to live with Johnny in Leadville. For the first time in her life, she realizes that someone elses feelings, setting sail for home aboard the Titanic, she becomes a heroine when the ship sinks and she helps rescue many of her fellow passengers. When her deed makes international headlines, Molly is welcomed home by Johnny, harve Presnell was the sole member of the original Broadway cast who was invited to reprise his stage role in the film. After she signed, producer Hal Wallis claimed she was under contract to him, exteriors were filmed in the Black Canyon of the Gunnison National Park in western Colorado. Only five of the seventeen musical numbers from the musical were used in the film. Peter Gennaro, who had choreographed the original Broadway production, staged the musical sequences, during production, M-G-M was putting all its resources into its forthcoming Doctor Zhivago, and at least $1 million was cut from the budget of Molly Brown. Running out of money to complete the film, director Charles Walters proposed cutting the rousing dance number Hes My Friend, to save the number, cast and crew ultimately decided to film it in one rigorous day using multiple cameras to reduce shooting time. The film was the 12th largest grossing attraction of 1964, grossing $11,070,559 at the box office. It earned $7.5 million in US theatrical rentals, Prince Louis de Lanière Martita Hunt. Grand Duchess Elise Lupovinova Harvey Lembeck, polak Maria Karnilova. Daphne Audrey Christie. Gladys McGraw Belly Up to the Bar, Boys
20.
Margaret Brown
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Margaret Maggie Brown was an American socialite and philanthropist. She is best remembered for exhorting the crew in Lifeboat No.6 to return to the field of the 1912 sinking of RMS Titanic to look for survivors. Accounts differ on whether the boat returned to look for survivors. During her lifetime, her friends called her Maggie, but after her death, Margaret Tobin was born in a two-room cottage, near the Mississippi River in Hannibal, Missouri, on what is now known as Denklers alley. Her parents were Irish Catholic immigrants John Tobin and Johanna Tobin, her siblings were Daniel Tobin, Michael Tobin, William Tobin, Brown also had two half-sisters, Catherine Bridget Tobin, by her fathers first marriage, and Mary Ann Collins, by her mothers first marriage. Both of Margarets parents had been widowed young, in Leadville, she met and married James Joseph Brown, nicknamed J. J. an enterprising, self-educated man. He wasnt a man, but she married J. J. for love. She said, I wanted a man, but I loved Jim Brown. I thought about how I wanted comfort for my father and how I had determined to stay single until a man presented himself who could give to the old man the things I longed for him. Jim was as poor as we were, and had no chance in life. I struggled hard with myself in those days, I loved Jim, but he was poor. Finally, I decided that Id be better off with a man whom I loved than with a wealthy one whose money had attracted me. Margaret and J. J. were married in Leadvilles Annunciation Church on September 1,1886 and they had two children, Lawrence Palmer Brown, was born on August 30,1887 in Hannibal, Missouri. He married Eileen Elizabeth Horton on January 1,1911, in Kansas City, Missouri, the marriage failed, and Larry married Hollywood actress, Mildred Gregory on November 17,1926, in Beverly Hills, California. This marriage produced no other children, Larry died on April 2,1949. Catherine Ellen Brown, was born on July 22,1889 in Leadville and she married George Joseph Peter Adelheid Benziger on April 7,1913 in Chicago, Illinois and had two children, James George Benziger and George Peter Joseph Adelrich Benziger. Her grandchildren include Bradford Benziger, Katherine Benziger, and Vincent Benziger, Helen died on October 17,1969. The Brown family acquired great wealth when in 1893 J. J, in Leadville, Margaret helped by working in soup kitchens to assist miners families
21.
Academy Award for Best Actress
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The Academy Award for Best Actress is an award presented annually by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. It is given in honor of an actress who has delivered a performance in a leading role while working within the film industry. The 1st Academy Awards ceremony was held in 1929 with Janet Gaynor receiving the award for her roles in 7th Heaven, Street Angel, and Sunrise. Currently, nominees are determined by single transferable vote within the branch of AMPAS. In the first three years of the awards, actresses were nominated as the best in their categories, at that time, all of their work during the qualifying period was listed after the award. The following year, this unwieldy and confusing system was replaced by the current system in which an actress is nominated for a performance in a single film. Starting with the 9th ceremony held in 1937, the category was officially limited to five nominations per year, one actress has been nominated posthumously, Jeanne Eagels. Only three film characters have been nominated more than once in this category, elizabeth I of England, Leslie Crosbie in The Letter, and Esther Blodgett in A Star is Born. Six women on the list have received an Honorary Academy Award for their acting, they are Greta Garbo, Barbara Stanwyck, Mary Pickford, Deborah Kerr, Gena Rowlands, since its inception, the award has been given to 74 actresses. Katharine Hepburn has won the most awards in this category, with four Oscars, meryl Streep, who has a total of 20 Oscar nominations, has been nominated in this category on 16 occasions, resulting in two awards. As of the 2017 ceremony, Emma Stone is the most recent winner in category for her role as Mia Dolan in La La Land. In the following table, the years are listed as per Academy convention, and generally correspond to the year of release in Los Angeles County. For the first five ceremonies, the eligibility period spanned twelve months from August 1 to July 31, for the 6th ceremony held in 1934, the eligibility period lasted from August 1,1932 to December 31,1933
22.
The Singing Nun (film)
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The Singing Nun is a 1966 American semi-biographical film about the life of Jeanine Deckers, a nun who recorded the chart-topping hit song Dominique. It starred Debbie Reynolds in the title role, the film also stars Ricardo Montalbán, Katharine Ross, Chad Everett, and Ed Sullivan as himself. It was Henry Kosters final directing job, harry Sukman was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Music, Scoring of Music, Adaptation or Treatment. Randy Sparks wrote the English translations of Jeanine Deckers songs as well as writing a couple of songs for the film. Sister Ann leaves the Dominican convent near Antwerp for her assignment at Samaritan House in a area of Brussels. Sister Ann loves to play the guitar and sing, and when she joins in the traditional evensong at Samaritan House, she impresses the other nuns and Father Clementi. She becomes fond of Dominic Arlien, a child whose father is an unemployed drunkard. Sister Ann composes the song Dominique for the boy, Father Clementi persuades Robert Gerarde, a partner in a recording firm, to listen to Sister Anns music in the hope of having it recorded. When Robert meets Sister Ann, he discovers that she was his classmate at the Paris Conservatory of Music five years earlier. Later, while visiting the Arlien house, Sister Ann discovers pictures of Nicole in provocative poses and her father overhears them, strikes Nicole, and orders the nun out of the house. The Mother Prioress later admonishes Sister Ann for allowing the girls secret to be made known to the father. Sister Ann becomes confused by her success and by Roberts personal interest in her and her decision is made for her when Dominic is seriously injured in an accident, she prays for him, promising to give up her music and care for others if he recovers. The boy recovers, and the Arlien family, shaken by the incident, Sister Ann gives Nicole her guitar and goes to an African village to work among the natives. He was replaced by Henry Koster
23.
Divorce American Style
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Divorce American Style is a 1967 American satirical comedy film directed by Bud Yorkin and starring Dick Van Dyke, Debbie Reynolds, Jean Simmons, Jason Robards and Van Johnson. Norman Lear produced the film and wrote the script based on a story by Robert Kaufman and it focuses on a married couple that opts for divorce when counseling fails to help them resolve their various problems, and the problems presented to divorced people by alimony. The title is an homage to Divorce Italian Style, after seventeen years of marriage, affluent Los Angeles suburban couple Richard Harmon and his wife Barbara seem to have it all, but theyre constantly bickering. When they discover they can no longer communicate, even to argue, but after catching each other emptying their joint bank accounts, they file for divorce. Richard finds himself living in an apartment and trying to survive on $87.30 a week. His take-home income has been cut to ribbons by high alimony, Richard meets a recently divorced man, Nelson Downes, who introduces him to ex-wife Nancy. Nelson wants to marry off Nancy to be free of his alimony burden, Nancy also wishes to marry because she is lonely. Since Richard now cannot afford to be remarried, Nelson and Nancy plot to set up Barbara with an auto dealer. Barbara begins a relationship with Big Al, but the night before the Harmon divorce becomes final, at a nightclub, a hypnotist pulls Barbara from the audience and puts her into a trance. After inducing her into performing a striptease, she instructs Barbara to kiss her true love. Barbara plants one on Richard, and just like that their problems are resolved. Nelson, not to be deterred, immediately tries to get Nancy interested in Big Al, the film earned an estimated $5,150,000 in North American rentals in 1967. The charm of this film is in its low-key approach, the plot isnt milked for humor or pathos, Both emerge naturally from familiar situations. Variety observed, Comedy and satire, not feverish melodrama, are the best weapons with which to harpoon social mores, an outstanding example is Divorce American Style. which pokes incisive, sometimes chilling, fun at US marriage-divorce problems. Crowther criticized Van Dykes performance, remarking that He is too much of a giggler, a more recent review in Time Out New York cites Two or three very funny scenes. And a first-rate batch of supporting performances, norman Lear and Robert Kaufman were nominated for the Academy Award for Best Original Screenplay but lost to William Rose for Guess Whos Coming to Dinner. Lear also was nominated for the Writers Guild of America Award for Best Written American Comedy, list of American films of 1967 Divorce American Style at the Internet Movie Database Divorce American Style at AllMovie Divorce American Style at the TCM Movie Database
24.
What's the Matter with Helen?
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Whats the Matter With Helen. is a 1971 American horror-thriller film starring Debbie Reynolds and Shelley Winters. Leonard Hill and Wesley Bruckner are seen being loaded into a paddywagon to face life sentences in prison for the Iowa murder of Ellie Banner and their mothers, Helen Hill and Adelle Bruckner fight a crowd to their car. In the car, Helen reveals that someone in the cut the palm of her left hand. Soon at home and tending to her wound, Helen receives a phone call from a man. I wanted to see you bleed and this caller threatens to make the mothers pay for the sins of their sons. Helen and Adelle change their names, leave Iowa, and head to Hollywood, soon, the phone calls resume and Helen believes a strange man is watching their home. She has hallucinations, especially at a show where she think she sees Starr with a knife, Adelle falls in love with Lincoln Palmer, the father of a student, and Helen grows jealous of the budding relationship. Helen takes solace in her faith, listening to a show hosted by evangelist Sister Alma. Helens jealousy of Adelles romance with Lincoln leads to a fight, Adelle then heads for her date with Linc. As Helen readies herself to out, a mysterious intruder enters the house, walks up the staircase. Helen reacts by pushing him down the stairs, when he lands at the bottom, his head is gashed open, blood is seeping onto the floor, and Helen envisions her late husband, who was mutilated by a plow, and the dead Ellie Banner. Adelle arrives home to find the stranger and, fearing publicity. As the rain pours, she and Helen drag the man into the street and dump his body into an open hole, adjacent to their home. The body is discovered the morning and it is presumed that the man fell into the hole to his death. Helens guilt builds and she visits the church to see Sister Alma, Sister Alma offers her forgiveness, but an irrational Helen creates a spectacle and is dragged away by Adelle. Helen is later ordered to bed rest by her doctor. Adelle goes to a golf course with Linc, where he proposes. He drives her home to make preparations to elope that evening, arriving home, Adelle notices that Helen is not in her room and follows a trail of blood out the back door and down to a rabbit cage, where she finds Helens pet rabbits slaughtered
25.
Charlotte's Web (1973 film)
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Charlottes Web is a 1973 American animated musical drama film produced by Hanna-Barbera Productions and Sagittarius Productions and based upon the 1952 childrens book of the same name by E. B. White. The film, like the book, is about a pig named Wilbur who befriends an intelligent spider named Charlotte who saves him from being slaughtered. It is the first of only three Hanna-Barbera features not to be based upon one of their famous television cartoons, Heidis Song, Charlottes Web was released on February 22,1973, to moderate critical and commercial success. When farmer John Arable decides to do away with the runt of a litter of piglets, his daughter, Fern, intervenes, John decides to spare him and let her raise him as a pet. She nurtures him lovingly, naming him Wilbur, six weeks later, he, due to being a spring pig, has matured, and John tells Fern that he has to be sold. She sadly says good-bye as he is sold down the street to her uncle, at Homers farm, a goose coaxes a sullen Wilbur to speak his first words. Although delighted at this new ability, he yearns for companionship. He attempts to get the goose to play him. He also tries asking a rat named Templeton to play him, but Templetons only interests are spying, hiding. He then wants to play with a lamb, but her father says sheep do not play with pigs because it is only a matter of time before they are slaughtered and turned into smoked bacon and ham. Horrified at this discovery, Wilbur reduces himself to tears until a mysterious voice tells him to chin up. The following morning, she herself to be a spider named Charlotte A. Cavatica. She tells him that she will come up with a plan guaranteed to spare his life, one of them, named Jeffrey, befriends Wilbur. Eventually, Charlotte reveals her plan to play a trick on Zuckerman, the next morning, Homers farm assistant, Lurvy, sees the words, SOME PIG, spun within Charlottes web. The incident attracts publicity among Homers neighbors who deem the praise to be a miracle, the publicity eventually dies down, and Charlotte requests the barn animals to devise a new word to spin within her web. After several suggestions, the goose suggests the phrase, TERRIFIC, though Charlotte decides to shorten it to one TERRIFIC. The incident becomes another media sensation, though Homer still desires to slaughter Wilbur, following this, Homer decides to enter Wilbur in the county fair for the summer. Charlotte reluctantly decides to accompany him, though Templeton at first has no interest in doing so until the goose tells him all the food there
26.
Mother (1996 film)
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Mother is a 1996 comedy-drama film directed by Albert Brooks, co-written by Brooks with Monica Johnson, and starring Brooks and Debbie Reynolds as son-and-mother. Brooks portrays a novelist who moves back home with his mother after his second divorce, Mother was Reynoldss first major film role in over 20 years. The film earned positive reviews and was Brookss most financially successful film as a director, John Henderson is a successful science fiction writer who is finalizing his second divorce. He is perplexed by the issues he has with women, realizing that his wives and his sports agent brother Jeff thinks John is oversensitive to their mothers criticism, while John believes that their mother favors Jeff. Their relationship is characterized by constant bickering and power struggles, both are strongly committed to their respective points of view. John believes shes overly critical of him, while Beatrice contends that he blames her unfairly for his personal failings, a rare bright spot in their relationship appears appears when she takes an interest in his word processor and impresses John with her fast, flawless typing. Beatrice seems surprised by Johns interest in her life and is reluctant to go all that. When Beatrice cancels her plans to travel to visit her son Jeff, Jeff has a meltdown and she tells him that he may needs to evaluate his relationship with his mother just as much as John. John and Beatrice go to the zoo, where they reach some common ground. When they return home Jeff is waiting, so upset by the aborted visit, all three argue and Jeff leaves alone, John satisfied that Jeffs the sickie and that hes pretty darn healthy to begin with. John is surprised that she would call someone she is intimate with not important, John meets Charles, who knows a lot about John because, as he tells John, Beatrice brags about him when hes not around. While alone at the house, John discovers a box of novel, John realizes now that his mothers passive aggression towards him and not Jeff stems from the fact that Jeffs business career was never a reminder of her unfulfilled ambitions. Beatrice admits that Johns observations are correct, leading to a warm reconciliation, the film ends with John meeting a single female fan of his novels, and Beatrice beginning to write a story based on Johns moving in with her. McGinley as Carl Vanessa A. Brooks then asked his good friend Carrie Fisher if she could send the script to her mother, Debbie Reynolds, Reynolds hadnt had a starring role since the late 1960s. Mother was filmed on location in and around the Sausalito, Greenbrae, the exterior of Beatrices house and street was shot in Studio City. Mother received mostly positive reviews critics, and holds a 90% rating on review aggregator Rotten Tomatoes. The dialogue in Mother is written so carefully that some lines carry two or three nuances. The audience laughter wasnt a reaction to obvious punchlines, wrote Ebert, Mother remains Brooks highest-grossing directorial effort to date, earning $19.1 million at the box office
27.
Golden Globe Award
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Golden Globe Awards are accolades bestowed by the 93 members of the Hollywood Foreign Press Association, recognizing excellence in film and television, both domestic and foreign. The annual ceremony at which the awards are presented is a part of the film industrys awards season. The 74th Golden Globe Awards, honoring the best in film, the 1st Golden Globe Awards, honoring the best achievements in 1943 filmmaking, was held in January 1944, at the 20th Century-Fox studios. Subsequent ceremonies were held at venues throughout the next decade, including the Beverly Hills Hotel. In 1950, the Hollywood Foreign Press Association made the decision to establish an honorary award to recognize outstanding contributions to the entertainment industry. Recognizing its subject as a figure within the entertainment industry. The official name of the award became the Cecil B. In 1963, the Miss Golden Globe concept was introduced, in its inaugural year, two Miss Golden Globes were named, one for film and one for television. The two Miss Golden Globes named that year were Eva Six and Donna Douglas, respectively, in 2009, the Golden Globe statuette was redesigned. It was unveiled at a conference at the Beverly Hilton prior to the show. The broadcast of the Golden Globe Awards, telecast to 167 countries worldwide, generally ranks as the third most-watched awards show each year, behind only the Oscars, gervais returned to host the 68th and 69th Golden Globe Awards the next two years. Tina Fey and Amy Poehler hosted the 70th, 71st and 72nd Golden Globe Awards in 2015, the Golden Globe Awards theme song, which debuted in 2012, was written by Japanese musician and songwriter Yoshiki Hayashi. On January 7,2008, it was announced due to the 2007–2008 Writers Guild of America strike. The ceremony was faced with a threat by striking writers to picket the event, the Hollywood Foreign Press Association was forced to adopt another approach for the broadcast. In acting categories, Meryl Streep holds the record for the most competitive Golden Globe wins with eight, however, including honorary awards, such as the Henrietta Award, World Film Favorite Actor/Actress Award, or Cecil B. DeMille Award, Barbra Streisand leads with nine, additionally, Streisand won for composing the song Evergreen, producing the Best Picture, and directing Yentl in 1984. Jack Nicholson, Angela Lansbury, Alan Alda and Shirley MacLaine have six awards each, behind them are Rosalind Russell and Jessica Lange with five wins. Meryl Streep also holds the record for most nominations with thirty, at the 46th Golden Globe Awards an anomaly occurred, a three way-tie for Best Actress in a Motion Picture – Drama
28.
In & Out (film)
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In & Out is a 1997 American romantic comedy film directed by Frank Oz and starring Kevin Kline, Tom Selleck, Joan Cusack, Matt Dillon, Debbie Reynolds, and Wilford Brimley. It is a story by screenwriter Paul Rudnick. Joan Cusack was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress for her performance, the film became one of mainstream Hollywoods few attempts at a comedic gay movie of its era, and was widely noted at the time for a 12-second kiss between Kevin Kline and Tom Selleck. Cameron does indeed win the award and, in his speech, thanks Howard, adding. Howards family, friends, students, co-workers and Emily are shocked and he angrily reassures those who know him that he is heterosexual. Although the other reporters leave after getting their story, one stays behind, on-camera entertainment reporter Peter Malloy, Howard continues to be harassed and dismayed by the changed attitudes of everyone around him, and decides that he must sleep with Emily in order to prove his heterosexuality. Howard finds he cannot go through with it due to his conflicting emotions, Howard crosses paths with Peter, who reveals he is gay and, trying to provide a helpful ear, narrates his own experience in coming out to his family. Howard insists that he is not gay, prompting Peter to kiss him, although shocked, Howard reacts somewhat positively to the kiss. Howards final measure to restore his heterosexuality is the use of an audio cassette. During the wedding ceremony, Emily recites her vow without hesitation, the wedding is called off, and although Peter is proud of Howard, Howard is angry with himself for hurting Emily. Howard is fired from the school because of his outing, despite no longer being on the faculty, Howard attends the graduation ceremony to support his students. When one student who got into college—thanks to Howards hard work—learns that he was dismissed for being gay, he and his classmates proclaim themselves to be gay as well, Howards family follows suit, as do his friends, and all the townsfolk assembled. Having learned of the media blitz while in Los Angeles. Although Howard does not win Teacher of the Year, Cameron presents him with his Oscar, Howards wedding-crazy mother finally gets a wedding—her own, when she and her husband renew their vows. Howard, Peter and the rest of the townsfolk attend the reception, among the crowd are Emily and Cameron, who appear to have begun a relationship. Everyone dances to the Village Peoples song Macho Man, according to Frank Oz, production had to be stopped temporarily because we all got sick. because we all got the flu. Oz and Wilford Brimley did not get along during production, at first, Frank Oz asked Miles Goodman to do the music for In & Out. Goodman, who composed several of Ozs previous films, died before he could do so, a soundtrack was released on Tuesday, September 23,1997, featuring previously recorded songs as well as Marc Shaimans instrumental music composed for the film
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Cabaret
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Cabaret is a form of entertainment featuring music, song, dance, recitation, or drama. It is mainly distinguished by the venue, which might be a pub. The audience, often dining or drinking, does not typically dance, performances are usually introduced by a master of ceremonies or MC. The entertainment, as done by an ensemble of actors and according to its European origins, is oriented towards adult audiences. In the United States striptease, burlesque, drag shows, or a solo vocalist with a pianist, the word cabaret was first used in 1655. It is derived from tavern probably from Middle Dutch cambret, the word cabaret came to mean a restaurant or night club by 1912. Cabaret can be divided in 10 different types. However, these are artificial dividing lines, cabaret shows are most of the time a compound of elements from the different types, the cabaret performer plays with language, sometimes poetic, but often is he or she rock hard and hateful. The cabaret performer analyses in his/her stubborn manner actual, social and political topics, the cabaret performer tells an often slightly absurd story with a moral packed in it. The cabaret performer plays with music, for example by twisting or combining familiar melodies, the cabaret performer tells nonsensical and absurd stories and plays idiotic types. The emphasis is less on text in the show of cabaret performer. Here the cabaret performer eludes on his liberating through laughter role, an iteration of storytelling cabaret The cabaret performer quickly switches between the different styles/types of cabaret, types, or songs. In this the cabaret performer is a guest at a government, institution or a company, cabarets existed in Paris in the 16th century, they were ancestors of the modern restaurant. Unlike taverns they sold wine not by itself but only with a meal, customers might sing if they had drunk enough wine, but early cabarets did not have formal programs of entertainment. Cabarets were frequently used as meeting places for writers and artists, in 1773 French poets, painters, musicians and writers began to meet in a cabaret called Le Caveau on rue de Buci, where they composed and sang songs. The Caveau continued until 1816, when it was forced to close because its clients wrote songs mocking the royal government, in the 18th century the café-concert or café-chantant appeared, which offered food along with music, singers, or magicians. The most famous was the Cafe des Aveugles in the cellars of the Palais-Royal, in the early 19th century many cafés-chantants appeared around the city, the most famous were the Café des Ambassadeurs on the Champs-Élysées and the Eldorado on boulevard Strasbourg. By 1900 there were more than 150 cafés-chantants in Paris, the first cabaret in the modern sense was Le Chat Noir in the Bohemian neighborhood of Montmartre, created in 1881 by Rodolphe Salis, a theatrical agent and entrepreneur
30.
Hollywood
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Hollywood is an ethnically diverse, densely populated neighborhood in the central region of Los Angeles, California. It is notable as the home of the U. S. film industry, including several of its studios, and its name has come to be a shorthand reference for the industry. Hollywood was a community in 1870 and was incorporated as a municipality in 1903. It was consolidated with the city of Los Angeles in 1910, in 1853, one adobe hut stood in Nopalera, named for the Mexican Nopal cactus indigenous to the area. By 1870, an agricultural community flourished, the area was known as the Cahuenga Valley, after the pass in the Santa Monica Mountains immediately to the north. According to the diary of H. J. Whitley, known as the Father of Hollywood, along came a Chinese man in a wagon carrying wood. The man got out of the wagon and bowed, the Chinese man was asked what he was doing and replied, I holly-wood, meaning hauling wood. H. J. Whitley had an epiphany and decided to name his new town Hollywood, Holly would represent England and wood would represent his Scottish heritage. Whitley had already started over 100 towns across the western United States, Whitley arranged to buy the 500-acre E. C. Hurd ranch and disclosed to him his plans for the land. They agreed on a price and Hurd agreed to sell at a later date, before Whitley got off the ground with Hollywood, plans for the new town had spread to General Harrison Gray Otis, Hurds wife, eastern adjacent ranch co-owner Daeida Wilcox, and others. Daeida Wilcox may have learned of the name Hollywood from Ivar Weid, her neighbor in Holly Canyon and she recommended the same name to her husband, Harvey. In August 1887, Wilcox filed with the Los Angeles County Recorders office a deed and parcel map of property he had sold named Hollywood, Wilcox wanted to be the first to record it on a deed. The early real-estate boom busted that year, yet Hollywood began its slow growth. By 1900, the region had a post office, newspaper, hotel, Los Angeles, with a population of 102,479 lay 10 miles east through the vineyards, barley fields, and citrus groves. A single-track streetcar line ran down the middle of Prospect Avenue from it, but service was infrequent, the old citrus fruit-packing house was converted into a livery stable, improving transportation for the inhabitants of Hollywood. The Hollywood Hotel was opened in 1902 by H. J. Whitley who was a president of the Los Pacific Boulevard, having finally acquired the Hurd ranch and subdivided it, Whitley built the hotel to attract land buyers. Flanking the west side of Highland Avenue, the structure fronted on Prospect Avenue, the hotel was to become internationally known and was the center of the civic and social life and home of the stars for many years. Whitleys company developed and sold one of the residential areas
31.
Irene (musical)
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Irene is a musical with a book by James Montgomery, lyrics by Joseph McCarthy, and music by Harry Tierney. The musical opened on Broadway in 1919 and ran for 675 performances, at the time the record for the musical in Broadway history. It starred Edith Day in the role, who repeated the role in the London production. It was revived on Broadway in 1923, filmed twice, and had a major Broadway revival in 1973, starring Debbie Reynolds, followed by a 1976 London run that lasted 974 performances. The show made a star of Day, who departed the cast after five months to recreate her role at Londons Empire Theatre, Day was replaced in the Broadway production by Helen Shipman. Irene enjoyed a brief Broadway revival at Jolsons 59th Street Theatre in 1923 with Dale Winter as Irene, Jere Delaney as Madame Lucy, and Walter Regan reprising his role as Donald. Eventually there were seventeen national touring companies, and it was filmed twice, first as a 1926 silent movie with Colleen Moore, in 1971, the revival of the 1925 musical No, No, Nanette with screen legend Ruby Keeler proved to be an enormous hit. Actor John Gielgud was hired to direct, the production was troubled from the beginning. Billy De Wolfe withdrew due to illness and was replaced by George S. Irving as Madame Lucy, postponing the Broadway opening, the producers brought the work-in-progress to Washington, D. C. where it was seen by President Nixon and his family. Their declaration that Irene was a hit made headlines and spurred advance-ticket sales in New York City, after thirteen previews, the revival opened on March 13,1973 as the inaugural production of the Minskoff Theatre, where it set new box-office records. In addition to Reynolds and Irving, the cast included Patsy Kelly, Monte Markham as Donald, Ruth Warrick, Janie Sell, Meg Bussert, and Reynolds daughter Carrie Fisher. The Broadway reviews were mixed, but Clive Barnes of The New York Times described it as raucous, frequently cheerful, and the best 1919 musical in town. Reynolds and Kelly were each nominated for a Tony Award, Reynolds for Best Performance by a Leading Actress in a Musical, Reynolds former MGM co-star, Jane Powell, replaced her in February 1974. New York Times reviewer Mel Gussow wrote that even though Miss Reynolds is gone, Irene survives, the two stars are an equal match for peppiness. Miss Reynolds may score a point for clowning, but Miss Powell wins two for softness, im Always Chasing Rainbows, which had been cut during the pre-Broadway try-outs, was restored to the score. The cast also included Jon Pertwee and Eric Flynn, additional changes were made in the song list. Act I Irene ODare is a humble but ambitious, hard-working Irish girl from the West side of Manhattan, Irene is sent to tune a piano for young tycoon Donald Marshall III, a Long Island society gentleman. Once at Donalds estate, Irene falls in love with him, Donalds neer-do-well cousin Ozzie wants help to jump-start a fashion business to be run by his friend, Madame Lucy, a flamboyant male artiste, who pretends to be a famous French couturier
32.
Will & Grace
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Will & Grace is an American sitcom created by Max Mutchnick and David Kohan about the relationship between best friends Will Truman, a gay lawyer, and Grace Adler, a straight interior designer. It was broadcast on NBC from September 21,1998 to May 18,2006, during its original run, Will & Grace was one of the most successful television series with gay principal characters. Despite initial criticism for its portrayal of homosexual characters, it went on to become a staple of NBCs Must See TV Thursday night lineup and was met with continued critical acclaim. It was ensconced in the Nielsen top 20 for half of its network run, the show was the highest-rated sitcom among adults 18–49, from 2001 and 2005. Throughout its eight-year run, Will & Grace earned 16 Emmy Awards and 83 nominations, all four stars each received an Emmy Award throughout the series, making it one of only three sitcoms in the awards history to achieve this feat. In 2014 the Writers Guild of America placed the sitcom at number 94 in their list of the 101 Best Written TV series of all time. Since the final episode aired, the sitcom has been credited with helping and improving public opinion of the LGBT community, vice President Joe Biden commenting that the show probably did more to educate the American public on LGBT issues than almost anything anybody has ever done so far. In 2014 the Smithsonian Institution added an LGBT history collection to their museum which included items from Will, the curator Dwight Blocker Bowers stated that the sitcom used comedy to familiarize a mainstream audience with gay culture that was daring and broke ground in American media. When the set was removed in April 2014, rumours came up about a cast reunion and it was merely moved to Emersons new center in Los Angeles. A long-running legal battle between both the executive producers and creators and NBC took place between 2003 and 2007. All seasons of the series have released on DVD and the show has been broadcast in more than 60 countries. On September 26,2016, the cast reunited for a 10-minute special, after the success of the 10-minute reunion special, NBC announced that the network is exploring the idea of putting Will & Grace back into production. In January 2017, NBC confirmed the return, for a ten-episode ninth season. The episode order was increased to 12 on April 5,2017, will & Grace is set in New York City and focuses on the relationship between Will Truman, a gay lawyer, and his best friend Grace Adler, a Jewish woman who owns an interior design firm. Also featured are their friends Karen Walker, a socialite, and Jack McFarland. The interplay of relationships features the trials and tribulations of dating, marriage, divorce and casual sex, as well as comical key stereotypes of gay and he is very precise and obsessive when it comes to certain tasks, especially cleaning, dressing, and decorating. However, Will does have a patient and compassionate nature towards those close to him. Even though Will is gay, he not to be too overt
33.
Halloweentown (film series)
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Halloweentown is a series of four fantasy horror Disney Channel Original Movies released by the Disney Channel between 1998 and 2006. These characters created their own community, Halloweentown, a thousand years ago in an alternate universe, travel between Halloweentown and the ordinary, historical world is only possible with magical aid, and only at regulated times, until the portal seals at midnight. In the second film they permanently open the portal between the world and Halloweentown, and events of the third film breach the gap even more. It is stated many of the traditions of Halloween in the Mortal World are parallels based on regular traditions in Halloweentown. An example of this is how mortals wear costumes that mimic the creatures of Halloweentown, in Halloweentown, the residents dress up every day, and most are much friendlier than humans generally depict them. Although magic is present in many of the details of life of Halloweentown. These people are human, and are called witches and warlocks. These beings appear human, but possess some sort of biological extra-sensory ability which allows them to harness magic unlike their mortal counterparts, magic is also hereditary in their families. The Halloweentown movies concern episodes in the lives of the Cromwell-Piper family, the family matriarch, Agatha Cromwell, has been a pillar of Halloweentown society for centuries. Her daughter, Gwen Piper, married a mortal and chose to leave Halloweentown for a life in the Mortal World, at the time of the movies, she is apparently widowed. She has decided to raise her three children apart from magic, and thus contact with Halloweentown and the influence of her mother
34.
Las Vegas
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The city anchors the Las Vegas Valley metropolitan area and is the largest city within the greater Mojave Desert. Las Vegas is an internationally renowned major resort city known primarily for its gambling, shopping, fine dining, entertainment and it is the leading financial, commercial, and cultural center for Nevada. The city bills itself as The Entertainment Capital of the World and it is a top three destination in the United States for business conventions and a global leader in the hospitality industry, claiming more AAA Five Diamond hotels than any city in the world. Today, Las Vegas annually ranks as one of the worlds most visited tourist destinations. The citys tolerance for numerous forms of adult entertainment earned it the title of Sin City, and has made Las Vegas a popular setting for literature, films, television programs, Las Vegas was settled in 1905 and officially incorporated in 1911. At the close of the 20th century, it was the most populated American city founded within that century, population growth has accelerated since the 1960s, and between 1990 and 2000 the population nearly doubled, increasing by 85. 2%. Rapid growth has continued into the 21st century, and according to a 2013 estimate, perhaps the earliest visitors to the Las Vegas area were nomadic Paleo-Indians, who traveled there 10,000 years ago, leaving behind petroglyphs. Anasazi and Paiute tribes followed at least 2,000 years ago, a young Mexican scout named Rafael Rivera is credited as the first non-Native American to encounter the valley, in 1829. Trader Antonio Armijo led a 60-man party along the Spanish Trail to Los Angeles, the area was named Las Vegas, which is Spanish for the meadows, as it featured abundant wild grasses, as well as desert spring waters for westward travelers. The year 1844 marked the arrival of John C, frémont, whose writings helped lure pioneers to the area. Downtown Las Vegas Fremont Street is named after him, eleven years later members of the LDS Church chose Las Vegas as the site to build a fort halfway between Salt Lake City and Los Angeles, where they would travel to gather supplies. The fort was abandoned several years afterward, the remainder of this Old Mormon Fort can still be seen at the intersection of Las Vegas Boulevard and Washington Avenue. Las Vegas was founded as a city in 1905, when 110 acres of adjacent to the Union Pacific Railroad tracks were auctioned in what would become the downtown area. In 1911, Las Vegas was incorporated as a city,1931 was a pivotal year for Las Vegas. At that time, Nevada legalized casino gambling and reduced residency requirements for divorce to six weeks and this year also witnessed the beginning of construction on nearby Hoover Dam. The influx of workers and their families helped Las Vegas avoid economic calamity during the Great Depression. The construction work was completed in 1935, in 1941, the Las Vegas Army Air Corps Gunnery School was established. Currently known as Nellis Air Force Base, it is home to the team called the Thunderbirds
35.
Film memorabilia
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Film memorabilia are objects considered of value because of their connection to the cinema. These include costumes, props, advertising posters, and scripts, in addition, many popular films have their collectible items sold via independent, online movie memorabilia stores, web auctions, and at film studio charity events. In the early days, most people sought autographs or original photographs or posters, collectors had to rely on a handful of news magazines that were full of various sellers offering mail order catalogues or asking to buy bulk lots, or particular items of interest. The community was fairly fragmented, with collectors and dealers spread out across the globe and no real consistent. Movie studios were slow to recognize the value of their property, often, workers would just take souvenirs or sell items without permission, aware that their employers did not particularly care. One of the more notorious of these was costumer Kent Warner, one of his friends claimed that Warner rescued Humphrey Bogarts Casablanca trench coat, which had been slated for burning. The turning point came in 1970, kirk Kerkorian had bought MGM the year before and installed James Thomas Aubrey, Jr. as president. As part of his measures, Aubrey decided to auction off hundreds of thousands of items. The success of this event made people take notice. MGM sold the contents of seven sound stages for a mere $1.5 million to auctioneer David Weisz, there were over 350,000 costumes alone. Weisz hired Kent Warner to help catalog and prepare for the auction, in the course of his work, Warner found several pairs of the ruby slippers from The Wizard of Oz. One pair became the centerpiece of the event and sold for a then-unheard-of $15,000, actress Debbie Reynolds spent $180,000 and purchased thousands of items, the beginning of her large collection. Weisz recouped eight times what he paid from eager nostalgia enthusiasts, truckloads of costume sketches, movie stills and other memorabilia were sent to the MGM Grand Hotel in Las Vegas to be sold in the gift shop and used as hotel decorations. The auction catalogs have now themselves become sought-after collectibles, Debbie Reynolds collection was sold by Profiles in History in two auctions in June and December 2011. Another Monroe dress, worn in Gentlemen Prefer Blondes, fetched $1.2 million, estimated at $60,000 to $80,000, a blue cotton dress Judy Garland used in test shots for The Wizard of Oz went for $910,000. In total, the auction grossed $22.8 million, in the early days of the internet, the larger community began to get in touch with one another through UseNet newsgroups. As the internet grew, collectors began communicating in ways never thought possible, in 1995, popular on-line email group MoPo was formed, creating a central place for people to keep in touch about things and events important to the community. This group continues to provide information to new and old collectors alike, by 1997, the community had changed forever, eBay was quickly becoming the alternative marketplace after two years of steady growth
36.
Academy Awards
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The various category winners are awarded a copy of a golden statuette, officially called the Academy Award of Merit, which has become commonly known by its nickname Oscar. The awards, first presented in 1929 at the Hollywood Roosevelt Hotel, are overseen by AMPAS, the awards ceremony was first broadcast on radio in 1930 and televised for the first time in 1953. It is now live in more than 200 countries and can be streamed live online. The Academy Awards ceremony is the oldest worldwide entertainment awards ceremony and its equivalents – the Emmy Awards for television, the Tony Awards for theater, and the Grammy Awards for music and recording – are modeled after the Academy Awards. The 89th Academy Awards ceremony, honoring the best films of 2016, were held on February 26,2017, at the Dolby Theatre, in Los Angeles, the ceremony was hosted by Jimmy Kimmel and was broadcast on ABC. A total of 3,048 Oscars have been awarded from the inception of the award through the 88th, the first Academy Awards presentation was held on May 16,1929, at a private dinner function at the Hollywood Roosevelt Hotel with an audience of about 270 people. The post-awards party was held at the Mayfair Hotel, the cost of guest tickets for that nights ceremony was $5. Fifteen statuettes were awarded, honoring artists, directors and other participants in the industry of the time. The ceremony ran for 15 minutes, winners were announced to media three months earlier, however, that was changed for the second ceremony in 1930. Since then, for the rest of the first decade, the results were given to newspapers for publication at 11,00 pm on the night of the awards. The first Best Actor awarded was Emil Jannings, for his performances in The Last Command and he had to return to Europe before the ceremony, so the Academy agreed to give him the prize earlier, this made him the first Academy Award winner in history. With the fourth ceremony, however, the system changed, for the first six ceremonies, the eligibility period spanned two calendar years. At the 29th ceremony, held on March 27,1957, until then, foreign-language films had been honored with the Special Achievement Award. The 74th Academy Awards, held in 2002, presented the first Academy Award for Best Animated Feature, since 1973, all Academy Awards ceremonies always end with the Academy Award for Best Picture. The Academy also awards Nicholl Fellowships in Screenwriting, see also § Awards of Merit categories The best known award is the Academy Award of Merit, more popularly known as the Oscar statuette. The five spokes represent the branches of the Academy, Actors, Writers, Directors, Producers. The model for the statuette is said to be Mexican actor Emilio El Indio Fernández, sculptor George Stanley sculpted Cedric Gibbons design. The statuettes presented at the ceremonies were gold-plated solid bronze
37.
Cedars-Sinai Medical Center
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Cedars-Sinai Medical Center is a non-profit, tertiary 958-bed hospital and multi-specialty academic health science center located in Los Angeles, California. Part of the Cedars-Sinai Health System, the hospital employs a staff of over 2,000 physicians and 10,000 employees, a team of 2,000 volunteers and more than 40 community groups support a patient-base of over 16,000 people. Over 350 residents and fellows participate in more than 60 graduate medical education programs, Cedars-Sinai focuses on biomedical research and technologically advanced medical education—based on an interdisciplinary collaboration between physicians and clinical researchers. Cedars-Sinai is affiliated with the California Heart Center, University of Southern California and David Geffen School of Medicine at the University of California, Los Angeles. As of 2013, U. S. News & World Report ranked Cedars-Sinai #13 out of hospitals across the United States and #3 in the western United States, behind only UCLA Medical Center and UCSF Medical Center. Located in the Harvey Morse Auditorium, Cedars-Sinais patient care is depicted in the Jewish Contributions to Medicine mural, the heart transplantation program at Cedars-Sinai Medical Center has experienced unprecedented growth since 2010. Statistically, Cedars-Sinai currently performs more annual heart transplants than any medical center in the world. Founded and financed by businessman Kaspare Cohn, Cedars-Sinai was established as the Kaspare Cohn Hospital in 1902, the hospital had just 12 beds when it opened on September 21,1902, and its services were initially free. From 1906 to 1910, Dr. Sarah Vasen, the first female doctor in Los Angeles, in 1910, the hospital relocated and expanded to Stephenson Avenue, where it had 50 beds and a backhouse containing a 10-cot tubercular ward. It gradually transformed from a hospital to a general hospital. Cedars of Lebanon could accommodate 279 patients, in 1918, the Bikur Cholim Society opened a second Jewish hospital, the Bikur Cholim Hospice, when the Great Influenza Pandemic hit America. In 1921, the relocated to an eight-bed facility in Boyle Heights and was renamed Bikur Cholim Hospital. In 1923 the Bikur Cholim Hospital became Mount Sinai Home for the Incurables, on November 7,1926, a newly named Mount Sinai Hospital moved to a 50-bed facility on Bonnie Beach Place. In 1950, Emma and Hyman Levine donated their property adjacent to Beverly Hills, the original building stood until 1994, when it was damaged in the Northridge earthquake. Cedars of Lebanon and Mount Sinai Hospitals merged in 1961 to form Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, donations from the Max Factor Family Foundation allowed the construction of the current main hospital building, which broke ground on November 5,1972, and opened on April 3,1976. In 1994, the Cedars-Sinai Health System was established, comprising the Cedars-Sinai Medical Care Foundation, the Burns and Allen Research Institute, named for George Burns and his wife, Gracie Allen, is located inside the Barbara and Marvin Davis Research Building. Opened in 1996, it houses biomedical research aimed at discovering genetic, molecular, in 2006, Cedars-Sinai added the Saperstein Critical Care Tower with 150 ICU beds. In 2008, Cedars-Sinai served 54,947 inpatients and 350,405 outpatients, Cedars-Sinai received high rankings in 11 of the 16 specialties, ranking in the top 10 for digestive disorders and in the top 25 for five other specialties as listed below
38.
Southern Pacific Transportation Company
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The Southern Pacific Transportation Company, earlier Southern Pacific Railroad and Southern Pacific Company, and usually called the Southern Pacific or Espee, was an American Class I railroad. It was absorbed in 1988 by the company controlled the Denver and Rio Grande Western Railroad. The railroad was founded as a holding company in 1865. By 1900 the Southern Pacific Company was a railroad system incorporating many smaller companies, such as the Texas and New Orleans Railroad and Morgans Louisiana. It extended from New Orleans through Texas to El Paso, across New Mexico and through Tucson, to Los Angeles, through most of California, including San Francisco, Central Pacific lines extended east across Nevada to Ogden, Utah, and reached north through Oregon to Portland. By the 1980s route mileage had dropped to 10,423 miles, in 1988 the Southern Pacific was taken over by D&RGW parent Rio Grande Industries. The combined railroad kept the Southern Pacific name due to its recognition in the railroad industry. Along with the addition of the SPCSL Corporation route from Chicago to St. Louis, by 1996 years of financial problems had dropped SPs mileage to 13,715 miles, and it was taken over by the Union Pacific Railroad. Southern Pacific founded important hospitals in San Francisco, Tucson, in the 1970s, it also founded a telecommunications network with a state-of-the-art microwave and fiber optic backbone. This evolved into Sprint, a company name that came from the acronym for Southern Pacific Railroad Internal Networking Telephony. The original aim was to construct a railroad from Galveston Bay to a point on the Red River near a trading post known as Coffees Station, the GRR built 2 miles of track in Houston in 1855. Track laying began in earnest in 1856 and on 1 September 1856 GRR was renamed the Houston and Texas Central Railway. SP acquired H&TC in 1883 but it continued to operate as a subsidiary under its own management until 1927, when it was leased to another SP-owned railroad, the Texas and New Orleans Railroad. The Buffalo Bayou, Brazos and Colorado Railway, was chartered in Texas on 11 February 1850 by a group that included General Sidney Sherman, bBB&C was the first railroad to commence operation in Texas and the first component of SP to commence operation. Surveying of the route alignment commenced at Harrisburg, Texas in 1851, the first 20 miles of track opened in August 1853. SP was founded in San Francisco, California in 1865 by a group of businessmen led by Timothy Phelps with the aim of building a connection between San Francisco and San Diego, California. The company was purchased in September 1868 by a group of known as the Big Four, Charles Crocker, Leland Stanford, Mark Hopkins. The Big Four had, in 1861, created the Central Pacific Railroad, CPRR was merged into SP in 1870
