A developing country is a country with a less developed industrial base and a low Human Development Index relative to other countries. However, this definition is not universally agreed upon. There is no clear agreement on which countries fit this category. A nation's GDP per capita compared with other nations can be a reference point. In general, the United Nations accepts any country's claim of itself being "developing"; the term "developing" describes a observed situation and not a changing dynamic or expected direction of progress. Since the late 1990s, developing countries tended to demonstrate higher growth rates than developed countries. Developing countries include, in decreasing order of economic growth or size of the capital market: newly industrialized countries, emerging markets, frontier markets, Least Developed Countries. Therefore, the least developed countries are the poorest of the developing countries. Developing countries tend to have some characteristics in common. For example, with regards to health risks, they have: low levels of access to safe drinking water and hygiene.

There is widespread poverty, low education levels, inadequate access to family planning services, corruption at all government levels and a lack of so-called good governance. Effects of global warming are expected to impact developing countries more than wealthier countries, as most of them have a high "climate vulnerability"; the Sustainable Development Goals by the United Nations were set up to help overcome many of these problems. Development aid or development cooperation is financial aid given by governments and other agencies to support the economic, environmental and political development of developing countries; the UN acknowledges that it has "no established convention for the designation of "developed" and "developing" countries or areas". According to its so-called M49 standards, published in 1999:The designations "developed" and "developing" are intended for statistical convenience and do not express a judgement about the stage reached by a particular country or area in the development process.

The UN implies that developing countries are those not on a defined list of developed countries: There is no established convention for the designation of "developed" and "developing" countries or areas in the United Nations system. In common practice, Japan in Asia and the United States in northern America and New Zealand in Oceania, Europe are considered "developed" regions or areas. In international trade statistics, the Southern African Customs Union is treated as a developed region and Israel as a developed country. However, under other criteria, some countries are at an intermediate stage of development, or, as the International Monetary Fund put it, following the fall of the Soviet Union, "countries in transition": all those of Central and Eastern Europe. By 2009, the IMF's World Economic Outlook classified countries as advanced, emerging, or developing, depending on " per capita income level, export diversification—so oil exporters that have high per capita GDP would not make the advanced classification because around 70% of its exports are oil, degree of integration into the global financial system"Along with the current level of development, countries can be classified by how much their level of development has changed over a specific period of time.

In the 2016 edition of its World Development Indicators, the World Bank made a decision to no longer distinguish between "developed" and "developing" countries in the presentation of its data, considering the two-category distinction outdated. Instead, the World Bank classifies countries into four groups, based on Gross National Income per capita, re-set each year on July 1. In 2016, the four categories in US dollars were: Low income countries: less. Lower middle income countries: $996 to $3,895. Upper middle income countries: $3,895 to $12,055. High income countries: $12,056 and above Kofi Annan, former Secretary General of the United Nations, defined a developed country as "one that allows all its citizens to enjoy a free and healthy life in a safe environment". Development can be measured by human factors. Developing countries are, in general, countries that have not achieved a significant degree of industrialization relative to their populations, have, in most cases, a medium to low standard of living.

There is an association between high population growth. The development of a country is measured with statistical indexes such as income per capita, gross domestic product per capita, life expectancy, the rate of literacy, freedom index and others; the UN has developed the Human Development Index, a compound indicator of some of the above statistics, to gauge the level of human development for countries where data is available

Marek Skrobecki is a Polish director of animated films using classical puppetry techniques. He works with the film studio Se-ma-for in Łódź, he graduated from the Academy of Fine Arts In Łódź. In 1990 he finished at the Faculty of Film Animation at National Film School in Łódź, he received grants from the British Council and worked at Jim Henson's Creature Shop and Aardman Animation in 1992. In 1988 he made his first film Episode, he tried to draw cartoons for children's films. However, in 1992 with Se-ma-for cooperation he produced the film D. I. M having created human-size puppets for it, his technique was innovative in the animation world and was used in the future production, for example in Ichthys. In 2006 he produced with Suzie Templeton a Polish-British co-production of Peter and the Wolf, awarded the 2007 Oscar for Best Animated Short Film, he worked with famous Polish music group Agressiva 69 and directed two of their videos: "Situations" and "Devil Man". 1988 – Episode – director, visual art 1989 – Birthday Cake – director, visual art 1991 – Last sandwich – director, visual art 1992 – DIM – director, visual art 1993 – What We Dream Of episode: “Head in the clouds – director 1995 – OM – director, visual art 1998 – Marchenbilder – director, visual art 2005 – Ichthys – director, scenography 2010 – Danny Boy – director and production/opening logos, TV interludes and animation advertising 1993 – Dreams Republic – special effects 1993 – Schindler's List – special effects and scenography elements 1994 – Dogs 2 – The Last Blood – graphic design 2000 – Bajland – scenography, interior design 2000–2001 – Paradise – co director 2006 – Peter and the Wolf – scenography 1988 – Film Episode – Grand Prize "Jantar" in the short film category for his directorial debut at the Youth Film Meetings "The Young and Film"Koszalin 1994 – Film D.

I. M – jury special award at the International Film Festival of Fantasy, Thriller & Science Fiction in Brussels 1994 – Film D. I. M – Award at the International Short Film Festival, Cracow Krakow 1994 – Film D. I. M – Special Jury Award at the World Festival of Animated Films in Zagreb 1994 – Film D. I. M – Award at the International Animated Film Festival in Espinho 1999 – Film Fable Photos – Award: Golden Line at the Festival of Animation Films "OFAFA" in Cracow 2005 – Film Ichthys – Honorary Diploma at 45 Crakow Film Festival 2005 – Film Ichthys – Award for best short documentary film at the Ottawa Animation Film Festival. 2005 – Film Ichthys – Brown Jabberwocky Award – Etude-Anima Festival in Crakow 2005 -Film Ichthys – Silver Line Award at the Festival of Animation Films "OFAFA" in Cracow 2005 – Film Ichthys – Sony Audience Award – Animateka International Animation Festival – Ljubljana – Slovenia. 2007 – Film Peter and the Wolf – Oscar for Best Animated Short 2010 – Film Danny Boy – The Taurus Studio Award and H. R. Giger Award "Narcisse" for Best Swiss Short- Neuchâtel International Fantastic Film Festival, Switzerland Marek Skrobecki on IMDb Marek Skrobecki online database Filmweb Marek Skrobecki online database Filmpolski Marek Skrobecki online database Stopklatka Halgas Iwona Peter And The Wolf, Published by Culture PL, June 2011 Peter And The Wolf, "Ichtchys, published by Animation Across Borders, August 2012 Chopin Project, October 2009 Peter And The Wolf 2006 Neuchâtel International Fantastic Film Festivalf Switzerland,2010

Earthen Grave was an American thrash/doom metal band from Chicago, formed in 2008, featuring violin virtuoso Rachel Barton Pine. Earthen Grave was founded late in 2008, as Jason Muxlow was working on a new album for The Living Fields, listening to a lot of Saint Vitus and writing down various doom metal guitar riffs. Looking for who might be able to play this style of music with him, Muxlow reached out to drummer Scott Davidson, General Manager of Chicago's WPJX'Rebel Radio' heavy metal radio station, "things just snowballed.”They enlisted bassist Ron Holzner of Trouble, to help with this new project. Muxlow says of the first jam as a trio, “The first rehearsal was tough, but after we sorted out some issues with downtuning, things jelled.”The trio put out a classified ad on craigslist.org looking for a vocalist, Mark Weiner responded the next day. Davidson, who had known violin virtuoso Rachel Barton Pine for many years through the Chicago metal scene, invited her to a rehearsal; until this point in her career, Barton Pine had played only on a traditional acoustic violin, but participated in the band rehearsal using her new amplified six-string "Viper", an extended-range instrument related to the electric violin invented by Mark Wood.

The band invited Barton Pine to join them shortly thereafter. Tony Spillman was the final member to join Earthen Grave, having worked with such bands as Ministry and Trouble. In early June 2009, the band spent a weekend Farview Recording in St. Charles, IL and recorded their first demo, Dismal Times. On the evening of July 11, 2010, Earthen Grave performed at Chicago's Millennium Park as part of the Great Performers of Illinois celebration. In January 2011, the band was named the "2010 Best New Entertainer" at the Chicago Music Awards. On September 22, 2014 it was announced. After releasing their demo EP, the band received promising attention from mainstream media, performed live on NBC's "Today" program on September 25, 2009 following a profile segment focusing on Barton Pine; the band received a short profile on the Chicago Reader's The List by local music critic Monica Kendrick noting the unique sound brought to the group by Barton Pine's violin. The band was broadcast live December 16, 2009, on WGN-TV's "Midday News" program.

Besides the level of media coverage unusual for the genre, the young Earthen Grave had, as of January 2010 opened for some big names of metal, such as Megadeth and Anvil. Last known lineup Mark Weiner – vocals Tony Spillman – guitar Jason Muxlow – guitar Ron Holzner – bass guitar Rachel Barton Pine – electric violin Chris Wozniak – drums Earlier members Scott Davidson – drums Dismal Times Earthen Grave Re-release of Earthen Grave with additional tracks Official website