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Diagenesis
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Diagenesis is the process of physical and chemical changes in sediments first caused by water-rock interactions, microbial activity, and compaction after their deposition. Increased pressure and tempe
A form of diagenesis is permineralization, in which buried organisms are replaced by minerals. These trilobites (Lloydolithus) were replaced by pyrite
A form of diagenesis is permineralization, in which buried organisms are replaced by minerals. These trilobites (Lloydolithus) were replaced by pyrite during a specific type of permineralization called pyritization.
Originally calcitic crinoid stem (in cross-section) diagenetically replaced by marcasite in a siderite concretion; Lower Carboniferous.
Originally calcitic crinoid stem (in cross-section) diagenetically replaced by marcasite in a siderite concretion; Lower Carboniferous.
Metamorphism
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Metamorphism is the transformation of existing rock to rock with a different mineral composition or texture. Metamorphism usually takes place at temperatures in excess of 150 °C, and often also at ele
Diagenesis
…organic content is progressively transformed into kerogens and bitumens. The process of diagenesis excludes surface alteration (weathering) and deep metamorphism. There is no sharp boundary between diagenesis and metamorphism, but the latter occurs at higher temperatures and pressures. Hydrothermal solutions…
A cross-polarized thin section image of a garnet-mica-schist from Salangen Municipality, Norway showing the strong strain fabric of schists. The black
A cross-polarized thin section image of a garnet-mica-schist from Salangen Municipality, Norway showing the strong strain fabric of schists. The black crystal is garnet, the pink-orange-yellow colored strands are muscovite mica, and the brown crystals are biotite mica. The grey and white crystals are quartz and (limited) feldspar.
Amphibolite formed by metamorphism of basalt showing coarse texture
Amphibolite formed by metamorphism of basalt showing coarse texture
A mylonite (through a petrographic microscope)
A mylonite (through a petrographic microscope)
A metamorphic rock, deformed during the Variscan orogeny, at Vall de Cardós, Lérida, Spain
A metamorphic rock, deformed during the Variscan orogeny, at Vall de Cardós, Lérida, Spain