Diffraction is the interference or bending of waves around the corners of an obstacle or through an aperture into the region of geometrical shadow of the obstacle/aperture. The diffracting object or aperture effectively becomes a secondary source of the propagating wave. Italian scientist Francesco Maria Grimaldi coined the word diffraction and was the first to record accurate observations of the phenomenon in 1660.
A diffraction pattern of a red laser beam projected onto a plate after passing through a small circular aperture in another plate
Single-slit diffraction in a circular ripple tank
Computer-generated intensity pattern formed on a screen by diffraction from a square aperture
Optical diffraction pattern (laser, analogous to X-ray diffraction)
Francesco Maria Grimaldi, SJ was an Italian Jesuit priest, mathematician and physicist who taught at the Jesuit college in Bologna. He was born in Bologna to Paride Grimaldi and Anna Cattani.
Francesco Maria Grimaldi