Arnhem Centraal railway station
Arnhem Centraal is the largest railway station in the city of Arnhem, Netherlands. It was opened on 14 May 1845 and is located on the Amsterdam–Arnhem railway, the Arnhem–Leeuwarden railway and the Arnhem–Nijmegen railway; the station opened at the same time as the Amsterdam–Arnhem railway, that continues into Germany via the Oberhausen–Arnhem railway. The station is the main station of Arnhem, at present, has around 40,000 passengers that use the station per day, this makes it the 9th busiest station in the Netherlands; the main building has a surface of 18,000 m2 and a volume of 76,000 m3, the building has a capacity of 110.000 transfers per day. In 2006 a reconstruction of the complete station area started. In October of that year, a temporary station entrance opened, that could only be reached by three sets of stairs. On July 2, 2011, a new tunnel under the platforms opened; the temporary entrance closed down and dismantled in the Autumn of 2011. As of that period the railway consists of 4 platforms including a footbridge connecting all platforms.
During the summer of 2011 a new dive under was created west of the station which allows trains to Nijmegen and Utrecht to underpass all tracks without interfering the other train services. All traffic on the western part of the station was suspended during 5 weeks. Drive under opened on the 29 of August in 2011; the official re-opening of the completed station was on 19 November 2015, on this day the station was renamed Arnhem Centraal it had just been Arnhem. The new design of the railway station was created by UNStudio in collaboration with Cecil Balmond at Aurp AGU, it won the Dutch Nationale Staalprijs. The station is served by the following train services: International: Intercity-Express: Amsterdam - Utrecht - Arnhem - Cologne - Frankfurt Airport - Basel Intercity-Express: Amsterdam - Utrecht - Arnhem - Cologne - Frankfurt Regional Express: Arnhem - Emmerich - Wesel - Oberhausen - Duisburg - Düsseldorf National: Express: Intercity: Den Helder - Amsterdam - Utrecht - Arnhem - Nijmegen Intercity: Schiphol - Utrecht - Arnhem - Nijmegen Intercity: Zwolle - Arnhem - Nijmegen -'s-Hertogenbosch - Breda - Roosendaal Local: Sprinter: Arnhem - Nijmegen -'s-Hertogenbosch Sprinter: Ede-Wageningen - Arnhem Sprinter: Zutphen - Arnhem - Nijmegen Stoptrein: Arnhem - Zevenaar - Doetinchem Stoptrein: Arnhem - Zevenaar - Doetinchem - Winterswijk Stoptrein: Tiel - Elst - Arnhem The bus services depart from the covered bus station underneath the Essent towers.
Arnhem is known for its trolleybus service in the Netherlands. They operate on a number of city services. Bus services are operated by a variety of operators. KLM operates a bus service for KLM customers from the train station to Schiphol Airport. 1 Oosterbeek - Centraal Station - City Centre - Station Velperpoort - Velp 2 Hoogkamp - City Centre - Centraal Station - Kronenburg - De Laar Oost - De Laar West 3 Het Duifje - City Centre - Centraal Station - Alteveer - Burgers' Zoo 4 Centraal Station - Malburgen-West - Holthuizen - Rijkerswoerd - De Laar Oost 5 Schuytgraaf - Station Arnhem Zuid - Elderveld - Centraal Station - City Centre - Presikhaaf 6 De Laar West - Elderveld - Centraal Station - City Centre - Elsweide/HAN 7 Rijkerswoerd - Kronenburg - Centraal Station - City Centre - Station Velperpoort - Geitenkamp 8 Centraal Station - Alteveer - Geitenkamp - Rozendaal - Velp Ziekenhuis 9 Schaarsbergen I. P. C. - City Centre - Centraal Station 10 Centraal Station - Het Dorp - Sportcentrum Papendal 12 Centraal Station - City Centre - Presikhaaf - IJsseloord 1 - IJsseloord 2 13 Centraal Station - Klarendal 77 Centraal Station - City Centre - Station Velperpoort - CIOS 14 Arnhem - Elden - Elst - Oosterhout - Lent - Nijmegen 26 Arnhem - Presikhaaf - Velp - Giesbeek - Doesburg - Dieren 27 Arnhem - Presikhaaf - Velp - Giesbeek - Doesburg - Drempt - Hoog Keppel - Laag Keppel - Doetinchem 29 Arnhem - Velp - Rheden - Doesburg - Drempt - Hoog Keppel - Laag Keppel - Doetinchem 33 Arnhem - Malburgen-Oost - Huissen - Angeren - Doornenburg - Gendt - Bemmel - Lent - Nijmegen 43 Arnhem - Westervoort - Velp - Rheden - Ellecom - Dieren - Beekbergen - Apeldoorn 51 Arnhem - Oosterbeek - Doorwerth - Heelsum - Renkum - Wageningen 56 Arnhem - Driel - Heteren - Renkum - Wageningen 60 Arnhem - Westervoort - Duiven - Zevenaar - Babberich - Lobith - Tolkamer 62 Arnhem - Westervoort - Duiven 72 Arnhem - Huissen 91 Arnhem - Beekbergen - Apeldoorn 105 Arnhem - Otterlo - Barneveld 231 Arnhem - De Maten - Apeldoorn 300 Arnhem - Malburgen-Oost - Huissen - Bemmel - Nijmegen 331 Arnhem - Kronenburg - Elst - Nijmegen 352 Arnhem - Oosterbeek - Doorwerth - Heelsum - Renkum - Wageningen Sunset View of Arnhem Centraal Railway Station Station Arnhem, train schedules and station facilities
Achterhoek
The Achterhoek is a region in the eastern part of the Netherlands. Its name is geographically appropriate because the area lies in the easternmost part of Gelderland, therefore in the east of the Netherlands, protruding into Germany; the Achterhoek area lies between the rivers IJssel and Oude IJssel, the borders with the province of Overijssel and Germany the former region of Zutphen County. The region is predominantly rural, with much open space and farms; the area around the town of Winterswijk is regarded as beautiful. A well-known beer originates from this region: Grolsch beer was first brewed in Groenlo in 1615; the original language of the Achterhoek is a variety of Low Saxon. The language can differ per municipality/town in such a way that a person speaking the'Grols' variant will pronounce words differently from a person from Winterswijk, 10 km to the east, although they will understand each other; the number of inhabitants whose sole language is Achterhooks has declined over the last 60 years, inhabitants are raised with Dutch at school and the dialect is only spoken at home.
Due to immigration from outside the Achterhoek region and the effects of national government, the Dutch language is having a significant impact on the dialect. Many old words have been replaced by their Dutch-derived equivalents; the largest towns in the Achterhoek are: Doetinchem and Zutphen. Doesburg and Zutphen are old Hanseatic cities. Both have centres with well-preserved historical buildings. Aalten Berkelland Bronckhorst Doesburg Doetinchem Lochem Montferland Oost Gelre Oude IJsselstreek Winterswijk Zutphen Website: Achterhoek Tourism Website: Achterhoek Promotion Website: Achterhoek History
Doetinchem
Doetinchem is a city and municipality in the east of the Netherlands. It is situated along the Oude IJssel river in a part of the province of Gelderland called the Achterhoek; the municipality had a population of 57,292 in 2017 and consists of an area of 79.66 km2 of which 0.60 km2 is water. This makes Doetinchem the largest town in the Achterhoek. On 1 January 2005, a municipal restructuring merged the neighbouring municipality of Wehl as well as the Zelhelmse Broek area with Doetinchem; the local government organization in the Netherlands is complex and fine-grained (see municipality and Govt Stats, with municipalities being divided into various entities. The municipality of Doetinchem consists of: the city: Doetinchemthe villages: Centrum Gaanderen Wehl Dichteren Overstegen De Huet De Hoop Oosseld Schöneveld & Muziekbuurtthe neighbourhoods: IJzevoorde Langerak Wijnbergen Nieuw-WehlWehl was a separate municipality until 31 December 2004, when it merged with the municipality of Doetinchem, it is known from archaeological finds of skulls, pottery shards, flint arrowheads that the area was inhabited more than 11,000 years ago.
These prehistoric hunters were followed by Germanic tribes like the Franks and Saxons. Roman coins have been found and there is archaeological evidence of the Vikings having plundered the area; the first reference to the name of Doetinchem comes in a document from the year 838 which mentions a ‘villa Duetinghem’, a settlement with a small church. In 887, there is another mention of ‘Deutinkem’, a fortress with a church, given to the Bishop of Utrecht; the spelling has varied over the centuries, with ‘Duttichem’, ‘Duichingen’ and ‘Deutekom’ being just some examples. For a long time Doetinchem remained a small place but around 1100 it started to grow and, after suffering several attempts by plunderers, a town wall was built. In 1236, Doetinchem was granted city rights by Count Otto II of Gelre and Zutphen, in return the town provided taxes and soldiers for the Count’s army; the new city council published rules for the city, codified in the ‘Keurboek van Doetinchem’, which laid down severe punishments for infringements.
In 1226, Doetinchem faced increasing danger from plunderers, so the city wall was raised by a metre. There were four barriers in the wall which, being weak points, were replaced over time by four large city-gates known as: the Hamburgerpoort, the Waterpoort, the Gruitpoort, the Hezenpoort. A moat was dug around the wall and a rampart was built in front. Despite these defences, Doetinchem was besieged many times and during the Eighty Years' War was besieged and conquered twice; however the walls became seen as redundant and in 1672, they were torn down. However, it was not until the second half of the 19th century that the city-gates and most of the rampart were removed. From its early years, Doetinchem had been an important marketplace for farmers to sell their wares. Doetinchem has had its fair share of disasters. Apart from the sieges mentioned above, in 1527 a large fire destroyed most of the city including the city archives, in 1580 most of the city was killed by plague. There was occasional flooding.
However, despite the fact that Doetinchem is only 10 km from the German border, because the Netherlands was not involved in the First World War, Doetinchem saw nothing more than the posting of a few border guards during that time. During the Second World War, Doetinchem came off lightly at first. However, some prisoners were executed after being implicated in the shooting death in Putten of an important German officer by the Dutch Resistance and disastrously, in March and April 1945, the centre of Doetinchem was destroyed by Allied bombing, either intended for nearby German towns or, as some say, was to destroy the German defenses in Doetinchem. Which of the two is true has never been clarified and there is still some discussion about the true intentions of the bombardment; the city itself was liberated by The Calgary Highlanders in 1945 after a brief battle there. In 2018 a writer called Karel Berkhuysen researched about the Allied bombing, he found. This information was passed to the Allies.
In the decades after the war, Doetinchem grew and in a few years had outgrown its "competitors" in the Achterhoek, namely Doesburg and Zutphen. The Dutch company, had a factory for some years in the city. From 2003 till 2005, the city grew enormously as new districts such as Dichteren were built, as Doetinchem incorporates outlying villages such as Wehl into its municipality. In 2011, the city is still growing. By building new district as het Loo and Isseldoks, the opening of a brand new theatre and cinema, Doetinchem is the biggest growing city in Gelderland; the main church in the central square, St Catherine’s Church was destroyed in the World War II bombing and restoration took from 1948 to 1963. Although a Roman Catholic church, it became Dutch Reformed in 1
Suderwick
Suderwick is a village in the city of Bocholt, Kreis Borken in the German State of North Rhine-Westphalia. Suderwick forms one urban area with Dinxperlo. One street in Dinxperlo, Heelweg, is German; the road itself lies in the Netherlands, but one side of the housing zone is in Suderwick, so in Germany. Suderwick might be translated as "southern area"; the villages house a shared Dutch-German police station. Besides Dutch and German, at both sides of the border a common dialect is spoken, a variety of Low Saxon
Aalten
Aalten is a municipality and a village in the eastern Netherlands. The former municipalities of Bredevoort and Dinxperlo have been merged with Aalten. Notable inhabitants of Aalten include Angus Young, guitarist of the Australian rock band AC/DC, Robert Gesink, a professional road bicycle racer. During World War II, 51 of Aalten's 85 Jews were hidden by local non-Jews, thereby survived the war. According to the War and Resistance Museum in Aalten, the village had the highest number of people in hiding during World War II; the village of 13,000 residents hid some 2500 people. Aalten Barlo Bredevoort Dale De Heurne Dinxperlo Haart Heurne Hollenberg IJzerlo't Klooster Lintelo Aalten railway station serves Aalten and the surrounding area. There is a half-hourly service between Winterswijk, which stops at this station. Arnhem railway station has services to Amsterdam, Amsterdam Airport, Nijmegen,'s-Hertogenbosch, Tilburg and to cities in Germany. Aalten has an hourly bus service to Ruurlo and to Zelhem.
Media related to Aalten at Wikimedia Commons Official website
Netherlands
The Netherlands is a country located in Northwestern Europe. The European portion of the Netherlands consists of twelve separate provinces that border Germany to the east, Belgium to the south, the North Sea to the northwest, with maritime borders in the North Sea with Belgium and the United Kingdom. Together with three island territories in the Caribbean Sea—Bonaire, Sint Eustatius and Saba— it forms a constituent country of the Kingdom of the Netherlands; the official language is Dutch, but a secondary official language in the province of Friesland is West Frisian. The six largest cities in the Netherlands are Amsterdam, The Hague, Utrecht and Tilburg. Amsterdam is the country's capital, while The Hague holds the seat of the States General and Supreme Court; the Port of Rotterdam is the largest port in Europe, the largest in any country outside Asia. The country is a founding member of the EU, Eurozone, G10, NATO, OECD and WTO, as well as a part of the Schengen Area and the trilateral Benelux Union.
It hosts several intergovernmental organisations and international courts, many of which are centered in The Hague, dubbed'the world's legal capital'. Netherlands means'lower countries' in reference to its low elevation and flat topography, with only about 50% of its land exceeding 1 metre above sea level, nearly 17% falling below sea level. Most of the areas below sea level, known as polders, are the result of land reclamation that began in the 16th century. With a population of 17.30 million people, all living within a total area of 41,500 square kilometres —of which the land area is 33,700 square kilometres —the Netherlands is one of the most densely populated countries in the world. It is the world's second-largest exporter of food and agricultural products, owing to its fertile soil, mild climate, intensive agriculture; the Netherlands was the third country in the world to have representative government, it has been a parliamentary constitutional monarchy with a unitary structure since 1848.
The country has a tradition of pillarisation and a long record of social tolerance, having legalised abortion and human euthanasia, along with maintaining a progressive drug policy. The Netherlands abolished the death penalty in 1870, allowed women's suffrage in 1917, became the world's first country to legalise same-sex marriage in 2001, its mixed-market advanced economy had the thirteenth-highest per capita income globally. The Netherlands ranks among the highest in international indexes of press freedom, economic freedom, human development, quality of life, as well as happiness; the Netherlands' turbulent history and shifts of power resulted in exceptionally many and varying names in different languages. There is diversity within languages; this holds for English, where Dutch is the adjective form and the misnomer Holland a synonym for the country "Netherlands". Dutch comes from Theodiscus and in the past centuries, the hub of Dutch culture is found in its most populous region, home to the capital city of Amsterdam.
Referring to the Netherlands as Holland in the English language is similar to calling the United Kingdom "Britain" by people outside the UK. The term is so pervasive among potential investors and tourists, that the Dutch government's international websites for tourism and trade are "holland.com" and "hollandtradeandinvest.com". The region of Holland consists of North and South Holland, two of the nation's twelve provinces a single province, earlier still, the County of Holland, a remnant of the dissolved Frisian Kingdom. Following the decline of the Duchy of Brabant and the County of Flanders, Holland became the most economically and politically important county in the Low Countries region; the emphasis on Holland during the formation of the Dutch Republic, the Eighty Years' War and the Anglo-Dutch Wars in the 16th, 17th and 18th century, made Holland serve as a pars pro toto for the entire country, now considered either incorrect, informal, or, depending on context, opprobrious. Nonetheless, Holland is used in reference to the Netherlands national football team.
The region called the Low Countries and the Country of the Netherlands. Place names with Neder, Nieder and Nedre and Bas or Inferior are in use in places all over Europe, they are sometimes used in a deictic relation to a higher ground that consecutively is indicated as Upper, Oben, Superior or Haut. In the case of the Low Countries / Netherlands the geographical location of the lower region has been more or less downstream and near the sea; the geographical location of the upper region, changed tremendously over time, depending on the location of the economic and military power governing the Low Countries area. The Romans made a distinction between the Roman provinces of downstream Germania Inferior and upstream Germania Superior; the designation'Low' to refer to the region returns again in the 10th century Duchy of Lower Lorraine, that covered much of the Low Countries. But this time the corresponding Upper region is Upper Lorraine, in nowadays Northern France; the Dukes of Burgundy, who ruled the Low Countries in the 15th century, used the term les pays de par deçà for the Low Countries as opposed to les pays de par delà for their original
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