1.
The Great Movie Ride
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The Great Movie Ride is a guided vehicle dark ride located in Disneys Hollywood Studios at Walt Disney World. The attraction employs the use of Audio-Animatronic figures, live actors, special effects, the attraction—which debuted with the park on May 1, 1989—is located inside a replica of Graumans Chinese Theatre, one of Hollywoods most famous movie palaces. The Great Movie Ride directly inspired the creation of Disneys Hollywood Studios, however, the newly assigned Disney CEO Michael Eisner and WDI president Marty Sklar decided the idea was strong enough to lead an entire new theme park. The idea for the ride was expanded, and the Disney-MGM Studios went into official development, plans called for The Great Movie Ride to be the main attraction for the Disney-MGM Studios Paris theme park, which was scrapped due to the early financial difficulties of the Euro Disneyland Resort. A show called CinéMagique was built in lieu of the due to claims by Disney management that the French preferred shows to ride-through attractions. Three separate attempts have been made by Walt Disney Imagineering to bring The Great Movie Ride to California, due to budget cuts, however, Hollywoodland was canceled. Later, plans called for the ride to be built as part of the Hollywood Pictures Backlot area of the Disney California Adventure Park theme park at the Disneyland Resort. But budget cuts in the original development planning forced the rides projected cost to be spent on smaller, original. In the late 1980s and early 1990s, Disney was interested in purchasing Jim Hensons Muppets, Walt Disney Imagineering developed a Muppet-themed land for Disney-MGM Studios called Muppet Movieland. However, after Henson died, the deal fell apart and Disney cut back on the Muppet-themed area to just Muppet*Vision 3D, where the screen is now was where the Wizard would have appeared surrounded by flames. Along the outer walls of the theatre, is currently large empty carpeted areas, here was supposed to be large platforms where models of all of the audio-animatronic characters seen earlier in the ride would be standing and would take a bow. Unlike many Disney dark rides that feature separate embarkation and debarkation areas, the last people to exit the vehicles often pass the next group of guests waiting to board the vehicles. At the time the ride was designed, it was throughout the theme park industry to have all major rides exit into a store selling merchandise associated with the attraction. The Great Movie Ride, however, does not exit directly into a store, in 2014, as part of an exclusive programming deal with Disney, Turner Classic Movies agreed to become the sponsor of the attraction. The attraction underwent a refurbishment in 2015, with the addition of a new pre-show and post-show hosted by Robert Osborne, the changes were unveiled on May 29,2015. Since its inception, The Great Movie Ride has had some modifications worth noting, the first sequence of the ride, Footlight Parade, was plagued with engineering and technical problems from the beginning. When the ride was opened, the Footlight Parade segment was different than it is today. The entire portion following the neon lighted entrance was fleshed out, all the walls leading up to, around, and beyond the cake were painted in art deco style patterns as seen in By A Waterfall
2.
Walt Disney World
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The Walt Disney World Resort is an entertainment complex in Bay Lake and Lake Buena Vista, Florida, near Orlando and Kissimmee, Florida. The resort is the destination of Disneys worldwide corporate enterprise. Opened on October 1,1971, Walt Disney World is the most visited vacation resort in the world, the resort is owned and operated by Walt Disney Parks and Resorts, a division of The Walt Disney Company. It was initially operated by Walt Disney World Company, Magic Kingdom was the first theme park to open in the complex, in 1971, followed by Epcot in 1982, Disneys Hollywood Studios in 1989, and the most recent, Disneys Animal Kingdom in 1998. Designed to supplement Disneyland in Anaheim, California, which had opened in 1955, the Florida Project, as it was known, was intended to present a distinct vision with its own diverse set of rides. Walt Disneys original plans called for the inclusion of an Experimental Prototype Community of Tomorrow. Walt Disney died on December 15,1966, before construction began, without Disney spearheading the construction, the company created a resort similar to Disneyland, abandoning experimental concepts for a planned community. In 1959, Walt Disney Productions began looking for land to house a second resort to supplement Disneyland in Anaheim, California, which had opened in 1955. Market surveys at the revealed that only 5% of Disneylands visitors came from east of the Mississippi River. Additionally, Walt Disney disliked the businesses that had sprung up around Disneyland, Walt Disney flew over a potential site in Orlando, Florida – one of many – in November 1963. To avoid a burst of land speculation, Walt Disney World Company used various dummy corporations to acquire 30,500 acres of land, in May 1965, some of these major land transactions were recorded a few miles southwest of Orlando in Osceola County. In addition, two tracts totaling $1. Some are now memorialized on a window above Main Street, U. S. A. in Magic Kingdom, the smaller parcels of land acquired were called outs. They were 5-acre lots platted in 1912 by the Munger Land Company, most of the owners in the 1960s were happy to get rid of the land, which was mostly swamp at the time. Another issue was the rights to the land, which were owned by Tufts University. Without the transfer of rights, Tufts could come in at any time. Eventually, Disneys team negotiated a deal with Tufts to buy the rights for $15,000. Working strictly in secrecy, real estate agents unaware of their clients identity began making offers to landowners in April 1964 in parts of southwest Orange and northwest Osceola counties
3.
Bay Lake, Florida
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Bay Lake is a city in Orange County, Florida, United States. The population was 47 at the 2010 census and it is named after a lake located east of the Magic Kingdom. All four of the Walt Disney World theme parks, and one of the two parks, are located in Bay Lake. Bay Lake is one of two Florida municipalities controlled by the Walt Disney Company, the other being Lake Buena Vista, the city is part of the Orlando–Kissimmee–Sanford Metropolitan Statistical Area. It was and still is located fully inside the RCID, as fully described in Reedy Creek Improvement District, the city has always been controlled by the Walt Disney Company and has allowed them powers that other area attractions have not had. Chapter 69-836, which became a law on July 3,1969, without the governors approval, chapter 69-1527, which became a law the same day, completely moved the city of Reedy Creek, with the land given up by Bay Lake included in the new city. Since then, Bay Lake has expanded to fill the original RCID west of Bonnet Creek, the RCID had all the powers of the city and more, raising the question of why cities were incorporated inside of it. Walt Disneys original plans for the site included at least one living area. This was never built, but some of the ideas were incorporated into the EPCOT theme park, the later Celebration, Florida, was deannexed from the city and the RCID in 1994 so the Walt Disney Company would not lose control of the district. The only residents of the city are Disney employees and their family members who live in a community on the north shore of Bay Lake. Bay Lake is located at 28°23′29″N 81°34′0″W, according to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 22.8 square miles, of which 21.5 square miles is land and 1.4 square miles is water. The principal border that divides the cities of Lake Buena Vista to the east and Bay Lake to the west is the canal called Bonnet Creek, adjacent to Bonnet Creek Parkway. Most of the associated with the Walt Disney World Resort are actually located within the City of Bay Lake. As of the census of 2000, there were 23 people,9 households, the population density was 1.2 inhabitants per square mile. There were 9 housing units at a density of 0.5 per square mile. The racial makeup of the city was twenty-two whites and one black, none of the people in Bay Lake were Hispanics or Latinos. Three households were made up of individuals and one consisted of living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.56 and the family size was 3.00
4.
Geographical coordinates
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A geographic coordinate system is a coordinate system used in geography that enables every location on Earth to be specified by a set of numbers, letters or symbols. The coordinates are chosen such that one of the numbers represents a vertical position. A common choice of coordinates is latitude, longitude and elevation, to specify a location on a two-dimensional map requires a map projection. The invention of a coordinate system is generally credited to Eratosthenes of Cyrene. Ptolemy credited him with the adoption of longitude and latitude. Ptolemys 2nd-century Geography used the prime meridian but measured latitude from the equator instead. Mathematical cartography resumed in Europe following Maximus Planudes recovery of Ptolemys text a little before 1300, in 1884, the United States hosted the International Meridian Conference, attended by representatives from twenty-five nations. Twenty-two of them agreed to adopt the longitude of the Royal Observatory in Greenwich, the Dominican Republic voted against the motion, while France and Brazil abstained. France adopted Greenwich Mean Time in place of local determinations by the Paris Observatory in 1911, the latitude of a point on Earths surface is the angle between the equatorial plane and the straight line that passes through that point and through the center of the Earth. Lines joining points of the same latitude trace circles on the surface of Earth called parallels, as they are parallel to the equator, the north pole is 90° N, the south pole is 90° S. The 0° parallel of latitude is designated the equator, the plane of all geographic coordinate systems. The equator divides the globe into Northern and Southern Hemispheres, the longitude of a point on Earths surface is the angle east or west of a reference meridian to another meridian that passes through that point. All meridians are halves of great ellipses, which converge at the north and south poles, the prime meridian determines the proper Eastern and Western Hemispheres, although maps often divide these hemispheres further west in order to keep the Old World on a single side. The antipodal meridian of Greenwich is both 180°W and 180°E, the combination of these two components specifies the position of any location on the surface of Earth, without consideration of altitude or depth. The grid formed by lines of latitude and longitude is known as a graticule, the origin/zero point of this system is located in the Gulf of Guinea about 625 km south of Tema, Ghana. To completely specify a location of a feature on, in, or above Earth. Earth is not a sphere, but a shape approximating a biaxial ellipsoid. It is nearly spherical, but has an equatorial bulge making the radius at the equator about 0. 3% larger than the radius measured through the poles, the shorter axis approximately coincides with the axis of rotation
5.
Geographic coordinate system
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A geographic coordinate system is a coordinate system used in geography that enables every location on Earth to be specified by a set of numbers, letters or symbols. The coordinates are chosen such that one of the numbers represents a vertical position. A common choice of coordinates is latitude, longitude and elevation, to specify a location on a two-dimensional map requires a map projection. The invention of a coordinate system is generally credited to Eratosthenes of Cyrene. Ptolemy credited him with the adoption of longitude and latitude. Ptolemys 2nd-century Geography used the prime meridian but measured latitude from the equator instead. Mathematical cartography resumed in Europe following Maximus Planudes recovery of Ptolemys text a little before 1300, in 1884, the United States hosted the International Meridian Conference, attended by representatives from twenty-five nations. Twenty-two of them agreed to adopt the longitude of the Royal Observatory in Greenwich, the Dominican Republic voted against the motion, while France and Brazil abstained. France adopted Greenwich Mean Time in place of local determinations by the Paris Observatory in 1911, the latitude of a point on Earths surface is the angle between the equatorial plane and the straight line that passes through that point and through the center of the Earth. Lines joining points of the same latitude trace circles on the surface of Earth called parallels, as they are parallel to the equator, the north pole is 90° N, the south pole is 90° S. The 0° parallel of latitude is designated the equator, the plane of all geographic coordinate systems. The equator divides the globe into Northern and Southern Hemispheres, the longitude of a point on Earths surface is the angle east or west of a reference meridian to another meridian that passes through that point. All meridians are halves of great ellipses, which converge at the north and south poles, the prime meridian determines the proper Eastern and Western Hemispheres, although maps often divide these hemispheres further west in order to keep the Old World on a single side. The antipodal meridian of Greenwich is both 180°W and 180°E, the combination of these two components specifies the position of any location on the surface of Earth, without consideration of altitude or depth. The grid formed by lines of latitude and longitude is known as a graticule, the origin/zero point of this system is located in the Gulf of Guinea about 625 km south of Tema, Ghana. To completely specify a location of a feature on, in, or above Earth. Earth is not a sphere, but a shape approximating a biaxial ellipsoid. It is nearly spherical, but has an equatorial bulge making the radius at the equator about 0. 3% larger than the radius measured through the poles, the shorter axis approximately coincides with the axis of rotation
6.
Hollywood
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Hollywood is an ethnically diverse, densely populated neighborhood in the central region of Los Angeles, California. It is notable as the home of the U. S. film industry, including several of its studios, and its name has come to be a shorthand reference for the industry. Hollywood was a community in 1870 and was incorporated as a municipality in 1903. It was consolidated with the city of Los Angeles in 1910, in 1853, one adobe hut stood in Nopalera, named for the Mexican Nopal cactus indigenous to the area. By 1870, an agricultural community flourished, the area was known as the Cahuenga Valley, after the pass in the Santa Monica Mountains immediately to the north. According to the diary of H. J. Whitley, known as the Father of Hollywood, along came a Chinese man in a wagon carrying wood. The man got out of the wagon and bowed, the Chinese man was asked what he was doing and replied, I holly-wood, meaning hauling wood. H. J. Whitley had an epiphany and decided to name his new town Hollywood, Holly would represent England and wood would represent his Scottish heritage. Whitley had already started over 100 towns across the western United States, Whitley arranged to buy the 500-acre E. C. Hurd ranch and disclosed to him his plans for the land. They agreed on a price and Hurd agreed to sell at a later date, before Whitley got off the ground with Hollywood, plans for the new town had spread to General Harrison Gray Otis, Hurds wife, eastern adjacent ranch co-owner Daeida Wilcox, and others. Daeida Wilcox may have learned of the name Hollywood from Ivar Weid, her neighbor in Holly Canyon and she recommended the same name to her husband, Harvey. In August 1887, Wilcox filed with the Los Angeles County Recorders office a deed and parcel map of property he had sold named Hollywood, Wilcox wanted to be the first to record it on a deed. The early real-estate boom busted that year, yet Hollywood began its slow growth. By 1900, the region had a post office, newspaper, hotel, Los Angeles, with a population of 102,479 lay 10 miles east through the vineyards, barley fields, and citrus groves. A single-track streetcar line ran down the middle of Prospect Avenue from it, but service was infrequent, the old citrus fruit-packing house was converted into a livery stable, improving transportation for the inhabitants of Hollywood. The Hollywood Hotel was opened in 1902 by H. J. Whitley who was a president of the Los Pacific Boulevard, having finally acquired the Hurd ranch and subdivided it, Whitley built the hotel to attract land buyers. Flanking the west side of Highland Avenue, the structure fronted on Prospect Avenue, the hotel was to become internationally known and was the center of the civic and social life and home of the stars for many years. Whitleys company developed and sold one of the residential areas
7.
The Walt Disney Company
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The Walt Disney Company, commonly known as Disney, is an American diversified multinational mass media and entertainment conglomerate, headquartered at the Walt Disney Studios in Burbank, California. It is the second largest media conglomerate in terms of revenue. Disney was founded on October 16,1923 – by brothers Walt Disney, the company also operated under the names The Walt Disney Studio and then Walt Disney Productions. Taking on its current name in 1986, it expanded its operations and also started divisions focused upon theater, radio, music, publishing. In addition, Disney has since created corporate divisions in order to more mature content than is typically associated with its flagship family-oriented brands. The company is best known for the products of its studio, Walt Disney Studios. Disneys other three divisions are Walt Disney Parks and Resorts, Disney Media Networks, and Disney Consumer Products. The company has been a component of the Dow Jones Industrial Average since May 6,1991, Mickey Mouse, an early and well-known cartoon creation of the company, is a primary symbol and mascot for Disney. In early 1923, Kansas City, Missouri, animator Walt Disney created a film entitled Alices Wonderland. After the bankruptcy in 1923 of his previous firm, Laugh-O-Gram Studios, Disney moved to Hollywood to join his brother, Walt and Roy Disney formed Disney Brothers Cartoon Studio that same year. More animated films followed after Alice, in January 1926, with the completion of the Disney studio on Hyperion Street, the Disney Brothers Studios name was changed to the Walt Disney Studio. The distributor owned Oswald, so Disney only made a few hundred dollars, Disney completed 26 Oswald shorts before losing the contract in February 1928, due to a legal loophole, when Winklers husband Charles Mintz took over their distribution company. After failing to take over the Disney Studio, Mintz hired away four of Disneys primary animators to start his own animation studio, Snappy Comedies. In 1928, to recover from the loss of Oswald the Lucky Rabbit, Disney came up with the idea of a character named Mortimer while on a train headed to California. The mouse was later renamed Mickey Mouse and starred in several Disney produced films, ub Iwerks refined Disneys initial design of Mickey Mouse. Disneys first sound film Steamboat Willie, a cartoon starring Mickey, was released on November 18,1928 through Pat Powers distribution company and it was the first Mickey Mouse sound cartoon released, but the third to be created, behind Plane Crazy and The Gallopin Gaucho. Disney used Pat Powers Cinephone system, created by Powers using Lee De Forests Phonofilm system, Steamboat Willie premiered at B. S. Mosss Colony Theater in New York City, now The Broadway Theatre. Disneys Plane Crazy and The Galloping Gaucho were then retrofitted with synchronized sound tracks, Disney continued to produce cartoons with Mickey Mouse and other characters, and began the Silly Symphonies series with Columbia Pictures signing on as Symphonies distributor in August 1929
8.
Magic Kingdom
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Magic Kingdom is a theme park at the Walt Disney World Resort in Bay Lake, Florida, near Orlando. Owned and operated by The Walt Disney Company through its Parks and Resorts division, initialized by Walt Disney and designed by WED Enterprises, its layout and attractions are based on Disneyland Park in Anaheim, California, and is dedicated to fairy tales and Disney characters. The park is represented by Cinderella Castle, inspired by the fairy tale castle seen in the 1950 film, Walt Disney World is a tribute to the philosophy and life of Walter Elias Disney. And to the talents, the dedication, and the loyalty of the entire Disney organization that made Walt Disneys dream come true, may Walt Disney World bring Joy and Inspiration and New Knowledge to all who come to this happy place. A Magic Kingdom where the young at heart of all ages can laugh and play, although Walt Disney had been highly involved in planning the Florida Project, Walt Disney Productions began construction on Magic Kingdom and the entire resort in 1967 after his death. The park was built as a larger, improved version of Disneyland Park in California, there are several anecdotes relating to reasons for some of the features of Walt Disney World, and Magic Kingdom specifically. According to one story, Walt Disney once saw a Frontierland cowboy walking through Tomorrowland at Disneyland and he disliked that the cowboy intruded on the futuristic setting of Tomorrowland and wanted to avoid situations like this in the new park. The area around the utilidors was filled in with dirt removed from the Seven Seas Lagoon, the utilidors were built in the initial construction and were not extended as the park expanded. The tunnels were intended to be designed into all subsequent Walt Disney World parks, future World at Epcot and Pleasure Island each have a smaller network of utilidors. Magic Kingdom opened as the first part of the Walt Disney World Resort on October 1,1971, commencing concurrently with Disneys Contemporary Resort, the Walt Disney Company promised to increase this number with a combination of replicas and unique attractions. While there is no dedication to Magic Kingdom, the dedication by Roy O. Disney for the entire resort was placed within its gates. The first, and as of today, only added to the original roster of lands in the park was Mickeys Toontown Fair. The land originally opened in 1988 as Mickeys Birthdayland to celebrate Mickey Mouses 60th birthday, later the land was renovated as Mickeys Starland and eventually to Mickeys Toontown Fair. The land was home to such as Mickeys Country House, Minnies Country House, The Barnstormer at Goofys Wiseacre Farm. It closed on February 12,2011, to make way for the expansion of Fantasyland, the Walt Disney World Railroad station in Mickeys Toontown Fair, which opened with Mickeys Birthdayland in 1988, was closed for the duration of the construction. In 2012, the space where Mickeys Toontown Fair sat reopened as a part of Fantasyland, in a called the Storybook Circus. The Barnstormer was retained and was re-themed to The Great Goofini, since opening day, Magic Kingdom has been closed temporarily because of six hurricanes, Floyd, Frances, Charley, Jeanne, Wilma, and Matthew. It was also closed in the middle of the day on September 11,2001, in addition, there are four phases of park closure when Magic Kingdom exceeds capacity, ranging from restricted access for most guests to full closure for everyone, even cast members
9.
Epcot
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Epcot is a theme park at the Walt Disney World Resort in Bay Lake, Florida, near Orlando. It is owned and operated by the Walt Disney Company through its Parks, inspired by an unrealized concept developed by Walt Disney, the park opened on October 1,1982, and was the second of four theme parks built at Walt Disney World, after the Magic Kingdom. The park is divided two sections, Future World, made up eight pavilions, and World Showcase, themed to eleven world nations. In 2015, the park hosted approximately 11.98 million guests, ranking it the third most visited park in North America. The park is represented by Spaceship Earth, a sphere that also serves as an attraction. Epcot was known as EPCOT Center until 1994 when it was later renamed Epcot 94, then Epcot 95, the theme park opened on October 1,1982. The dedication plaque near the states, To all who come to this place of joy, hope and friendship. Epcot Center is inspired by Walt Disneys creative genius, here, human achievements are celebrated through imagination, the wonders of enterprise, and concepts of a future that promises new and exciting benefits for all. May Epcot Center entertain, inform and inspire, and, above all, may it instill a new sense of belief and pride in mans ability to shape a world that offers hope to people everywhere. The parks name, EPCOT, is an acronym for Experimental Prototype Community of Tomorrow, in Walt Disneys words, EPCOT will take its cue from the new ideas and new technologies that are now emerging from the creative centers of American industry. It will be a community of tomorrow that will never be completed but will always be introducing and testing, and EPCOT will always be a showcase to the world of the ingenuity and imagination of American free enterprise. His original vision was for a community which would have been home to twenty thousand residents. This radial plan concept is influenced by British planner Ebenezer Howard. Transportation would have been provided by monorails and PeopleMovers Automobile traffic would be kept underground, the remaining portion of the model is visible on the left behind glass. Walt Disney was not able to obtain funding and permission to work on his Florida property until he agreed to first build Magic Kingdom. He died nearly five years before Magic Kingdom opened, after Disneys death, Walt Disney Productions decided that it did not want to be in the business of running a city without Walts guidance. The original plans for the park showed indecision over the parks purpose, some Imagineers wanted it to represent the cutting edge of technology, while others wanted it to showcase international cultures and customs. At one point, a model of the park was pushed together against a model of a Worlds Fair international theme
10.
Disney's Animal Kingdom
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Disneys Animal Kingdom is a zoological theme park at the Walt Disney World Resort in Bay Lake, Florida, near Orlando. Owned and operated by The Walt Disney Company through its Parks and Resorts division, it is the largest theme park in the world, the park opened on Earth Day, April 22,1998, and was the fourth theme park built at Walt Disney World. The park is dedicated and themed entirely around the environment and animal conservation. The park is represented by the Tree of Life, a 145-foot-tall, in 2015 it had 10.9 million visitors, ranking it the fourth-most visited amusement park in the United States, behind the other three Walt Disney World parks, and seventh-most visited in the world. Welcome to a kingdom of animals, Disneys Animal Kingdom is divided into six themed areas. The Oasis is the main entrance, providing guest services. The main paths lead deeper into the park, and onto Discovery Island, a Rainforest Cafe is located at the entrance prior to entering Oasis and the park proper through the turnstiles. Discovery Island is located at the center of the park, in the middle of the Discovery River waterway and it is the central hub connecting the other sections of the park, with the exception of Rafikis Planet Watch. It was originally called Safari Village, as Discovery Island was the name for the zoological park located in Walt Disney Worlds Bay Lake. The Tree of Life, the sculpted, man-made Baobab tree, is located in this section and is surrounded by trails. Beneath the Tree of Life lies Its Tough to Be a Bug, a 4D film based on the 1998 Disney·Pixar film, A Bugs Life. The parks largest gift shops and two of its restaurants are on Discovery Island. Africa is one of the areas of the park. Set in the fictional east African port village of Harambe, this area contains several animal exhibits, the village is the namesake of the Harambe Wildlife Preserve, the fictional home of Africas main attraction, Kilimanjaro Safaris. Guests climb aboard a safari vehicle for an expedition to see African species in savanna, rivers. On the western side of Africa is the Harambe Theater, which is home to the Festival of the Lion King, Rafikis Planet Watch is the only section of the park not connected to Discovery Island, it connects only to Africa. Guests board the 3 ft narrow gauge Wildlife Express Train for the trip to and from the area. Guests first encounter Habitat Habit. where they can see cotton-top tamarins, along the way, guests can also learn how to provide animal habitats in and around their own homes
11.
Disney's Typhoon Lagoon
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Disneys Typhoon Lagoon is a water theme park located at the Walt Disney World Resort in Lake Buena Vista in Orlando, Florida and is one of two operating water parks at the resort. It is the water park to open at the resort after Disneys River Country. The park, which opened on June 1,1989, is home to one of the worlds largest outdoor wave pools, the theme of the park is the Disney legend of a typhoon that wreaked havoc upon a formerly pristine tropical paradise. Ships, fishing gear and surfboards are strewn about where the storm flung them, Typhoon Lagoons mascot is “Lagoona Gator. In 2015, Typhoon Lagoon admitted approximately 2,294,000 visitors, Typhoon Lagoon operates year-round with an annual maintenance closure during either the fall or winter, during the closure, its sister park, Blizzard Beach, will remain open. Of the major parks at Disney World, Typhoon Lagoon is the one that lies within the city limits of Lake Buena Vista. Blizzard Beach and the four parks are within the adjacent city of Bay Lake. However, Lake Buena Vista is the address for the entire Walt Disney World Resort. Mount Mayday, located behind the pool, features “Miss Tilly” as well as many of the parks waterfalls. It is a mountain which not only provides launching areas for the waterslides. The main engineering works performed in 1988 and 1989 featured studies, design, as the Typhoon Lagoon was one of the first wave-makers applied to a theme park, one of its prime objectives was to produce surfable waves. Waves are generated by a 12-cell prestressed concrete tank in the background of the lagoon covered with the wreck scene. Computer modeling techniques were used at the time to study fluid-structure interaction, stress concentrations, humunga Kowabunga, Three enclosed speed slide flumes that send riders downward five stories in seconds reaching speeds of 39 mph. Storm Slides, Three body slides that send riders from a height of three stories down twisting, winding channels to a pool at the bottom. Gang Plank Falls, Family raft ride featuring large four-person inner tubes, Mayday Falls, Tube slide flume with winding rough rapids feel. Keelhaul Falls, Tube slide flume with smoother ride, spiraling down through a water fall, forgotten Grotto, A cave walkway through Mt. Mayday Overlook Pass, A walkway across the slope of Mt. Mayday, with small waterfalls. Hideaway Bay, formerly “Out of the Way Cay”, is a beach area located behind the dressing rooms. Crush n Gusher, Water coaster where one to two person rafts are propelled by water jets through hairpin turns and drop-offs and this attraction includes a choice of the water coaster slide Banana Blaster, Coconut Crusher, or Pineapple Plunger
12.
Disney's Blizzard Beach
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Disneys Blizzard Beach is a water theme park located at the Walt Disney World Resort in Orlando, Florida. All water areas are heated, with the exception of the snow in the ice cave of Cross Country Creek. The park opened on April 1,1995 and was the third Walt Disney World water park, in 2015, the park hosted approximately 2,107,000 guests, ranking it the third-most visited water park in the world, behind its sister park, Typhoon Lagoon. Blizzard Beach is open year-round with an annual maintenance closure in either the fall or winter, during the closure, its park, Typhoon Lagoon. The majority of the attractions at the park are hosted atop of Mount Gushmore. Mount Gushmore is split into three colored slopes to aid guests navigating around the park, Green, Red and Purple, according to Disney legend, a freak snowstorm in the area led to the development of Floridas first ski resort. Naturally, the snow did not last long and this left behind a collection of waterlogged but snow-less ski jumps and chair lifts. The operators were preparing to cut their losses and walk away, however, they were interrupted by an echoing YAHHOOO. Coming from the mountain of melting snow and they looked up to see a blue alligator, wearing a red scarf and gold innertube, careening down the mountain at top speed. Ice Gator, the mascot, then landed in a pool of melted snow at the base of the mountain with a thunderous splash. The ski resort operators suddenly saw the potential, and the mountain of snow became Blizzard Beach. The Green Slope attractions, are found at the uppermost point of Mount Gushmore and they can be accessed by foot, or by chairlift. The chairlift is a ride, except for guests with disabilities. Summit Plummet is the attraction at 120 feet tall. Its the third-tallest and fastest free fall slide in the world, there is a minimum height requirement of 48 in. Summit Plummet is one of the highest and fastest water slides on Earth and this attraction sends guests down a twisting series of rushing waterfalls. Water park guests sit in large blue rubber rafts, which can hold a minimum of four and maximum of six people, no infants are allowed and other health restrictions are advised. Slush Gusher is a 90-foot-tall, 250-foot-long snow-banked mountain gully body slide attraction that reaches speeds up to 35 miles per hour and it has two places where it almost levels off, only to drop back down again
13.
Disney Springs
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Disney Springs is an outdoor shopping, dining, and entertainment complex at the Walt Disney World Resort in Bay Lake, Florida, near Orlando. The complex includes four areas, Marketplace, The Landing, Town Center. Buses and water taxis operated by Disney Transport provide transportation between Disney Springs and other areas of Walt Disney World, the Lake Buena Vista Shopping Village, which opened on March 22,1975, was originally envisioned as an area shopping mall. Two years after its opening, the complex was renamed Walt Disney World Village, construction began the following August and Pleasure Island was opened on May 1,1989, the same day as the Disneys Hollywood Studios theme park. Later that year, the complex was renamed Disney Village Marketplace, in the mid-1990s, the growth of Walt Disney World created the potential for further expansion, leading to a $1 billion investment in projects across the resort. The first World of Disney store opened October 2,1996, the re-branding was introduced on September 7,1997. On September 15, Downtown Disney West Side, a 66 acres expansion, opened as a shopping, dining, and entertainment area featuring venues such as La Nouba, DisneyQuest. On September 27,2008, the Pleasure Island nightclubs closed, the Downtown Disney complex gained a sister district in California on January 12,2001, with the addition of Downtown Disney at the Disneyland Resort. On March 14,2013, Walt Disney Parks and Resorts chairman Tom Staggs announced that Downtown Disney would be redesigned and renamed as Disney Springs, the 3-year renovation and expansion project would include 150 new tenants, two parking structures, and a near-doubling of mall area. Prior to this announcement, the last renovation of Downtown Disney had been in 1997, in order to facilitate the construction of the area and the increase in capacity, two large parking structures were constructed in previous surface parking lot areas. High Line structures were built across the West Side in order to both theme and shade. The complex was renamed Disney Springs on September 29,2015, Town Center, built just south of The Landing in the surface parking lots, was opened on May 15,2016, completing the major construction on the project. The complex is bordered by Lake Buena Vista to the north, Walt Disney Imagineering took inspiration for Disney Springs from real coastal towns found throughout Florida, such as St. Augustine and Coral Gables. Creative director Dave Hoffman said about the area, Each neighborhood reflects its function, the Marketplace houses many shops and restaurants reminiscent of the American Craftsman-style of the 1930s. The first restaurant in the Earl of Sandwich chain is located here, t-Rex Cafe is a dinosaur-themed restaurant operated by Landrys Restaurants, which features animatronic dinosaurs. It opened on October 14,2008, Landrys Restaurants also operates Rainforest Cafe at this location. A walkway spanning the Village Lake and connecting Rainforest Cafe with the Lego Store—The Marketplace Causeway—was constructed and opened in 2015, the Landing depicts the fictional towns transportation hub and marina. The Landing was formerly the site of Pleasure Island, an entertainment district with two comedy clubs and four dance clubs
14.
ESPN Wide World of Sports Complex
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The ESPN Wide World of Sports Complex is a 220 acres athletic complex located in the Walt Disney World Resort, in Bay Lake, Florida, near Orlando, Florida. The complex includes 9 venues and hosts numerous amateur and professional sporting events throughout the year and it was known as Disneys Wide World of Sports Complex from 1997 until 2010 when it was re-branded with the Disney-owned ESPN brand. The rebranding was unveiled on February 25,2010 and it served as the home of the Orlando City Soccer Club for the 2014 season. Disney built the US$100 million facility on former wetlands under the direction of Disney Vice President Reggie Williams, the venue opened in March 1997 with an exhibition baseball game between the Atlanta Braves and the Cincinnati Reds. Initial tenants were Braves, the Harlem Globetrotters, NFL Experience, on May 13,2008, The Walt Disney Company announced plans to rebrand Disneys Wide World of Sports using the ESPN brand. On November 5,2009, Disney announced that the complex would be renamed ESPN Wide World of Sports Complex, the rebranding was officially unveiled during Disneys ESPN the Weekend festivities. The complex received an upgrade including the installation of HD video scoreboards at several of the venues, a new complex-wide audio system. The current admission price for ESPN Wide World of Sports Complex is $17.50 for adults, some events, particularly those at Champion Stadium, HP Field House, and Jostens Center, may require higher ticket fees, but still permit entry to the complex as a whole. A ticket is required to eat at the ESPN Wide World of Sports Grill, the Clubhouse Gift Shop can be accessed without paying for entry to the complex. A9,500 seat baseball stadium built in 1997, one of the original components of Wide World of Sports, it was formerly known as Cracker Jack Stadium and The Ballpark at Disneys Wide World of Sports. It is the training home of the Atlanta Braves and the recurring home for the Gulf Coast Braves. The stadium has hosted two regular season Major League Baseball series in 2007 and 2008 featuring the Tampa Bay Rays as the home team and it is sponsored by Hanes with their Champion brand. A5, 000-seat multi-purpose arena, formerly the Milk House and it hosts the AdvoCare Invitational college basketball tournament annually. The HP Field House has 70,000 square feet with stadium seating with the highest row 35 feet off the floor. It also features a smaller gymnasium behind the arena with retractable seating. It was formerly sponsored by the California Milk Processor Board, progenitors of the famous Got Milk, first announced in March 2007, the complexs 10th anniversary year, the Jostens Center is a 44, 800-square-foot arena that opened in the fall of 2008. Sponsored by the manufacturer, the center features six college-size basketball courts, twelve volleyball courts. Presented by Hess Corporation, these fifteen multi-purpose fields can host a number of different sports, two fields are equipped for night play, and four are made to international soccer dimensions
15.
Amusement park
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An amusement park or theme park is a group of entertainment attractions, rides, and other events in a location for the enjoyment of large numbers of people. Theme parks, a type of amusement park, are usually much more intricately themed to a certain subject or group of subjects than normal amusement parks. Amusement parks evolved from European fairs and pleasure gardens, which were created for peoples recreation, Worlds fairs and expositions were another influence on the development of the amusement park industry. In common language, the theme park and amusement park are often synonymous. However, a park can be regarded as a distinct style of amusement park. A theme park has landscaping, buildings, and attractions that are based on one or more specific themes or stories. The amusement park evolved from three earlier traditions, the oldest being the periodic fair of the Middle Ages - one of the earliest was the Bartholomew Fair in England, the worlds oldest amusement park appeared in the Continent. Bakken at Klampenborg, north of Copenhagen, Denmark, opened in 1583, a wave of innovation in the 1860s and 1870s created mechanical rides, such as the steam-powered carousel, and its derivatives. This inaugurated the era of the modern funfair ride, as the classes were increasingly able to spend their surplus wages on entertainment. The second influence was the pleasure garden, one of the earliest gardens was the Vauxhall Gardens, founded in 1661 in London. By the late 18th century, the site had a fee for its many attractions. It regularly drew crowds, with its paths being noted for romantic assignations, tightrope walkers, hot air balloon ascents, concerts. Although the gardens were designed for the elites, they soon became places of great social diversity. Public firework displays were put on at Marylebone Gardens, and Cremorne Gardens offered music, dancing, prater in Vienna, Austria, was opened in 1766. The concept of a park for amusement was further developed with the beginning of the worlds fairs. The first World fair began in 1851 with the construction of the landmark Crystal Palace in London, the purpose of the exposition was to celebrate the industrial achievement of the nations of the world and it was designed to educate and entertain the visitors. American cities and business saw the worlds fair as a way of demonstrating economic. The Worlds Columbian Exposition of 1893 in Chicago, Illinois was an precursor to the modern amusement park
16.
Florida
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Florida /ˈflɒrᵻdə/ is a state located in the southeastern region of the United States. It is bordered to the west by the Gulf of Mexico, to the north by Alabama and Georgia, to the east by the Atlantic Ocean, Florida is the 22nd-most extensive, the 3rd-most populous, and the 8th-most densely populated of the U. S. states. Jacksonville is the most populous municipality in the state and is the largest city by area in the contiguous United States, the Miami metropolitan area is Floridas most populous urban area. The city of Tallahassee is the state capital, much of the state is at or near sea level and is characterized by sedimentary soil. The climate varies from subtropical in the north to tropical in the south, the American alligator, American crocodile, Florida panther, and manatee can be found in the Everglades National Park. It was a location of the Seminole Wars against the Native Americans. Today, Florida is distinctive for its large Cuban expatriate community and high population growth, the states economy relies mainly on tourism, agriculture, and transportation, which developed in the late 19th century. Florida is also renowned for amusement parks, orange crops, the Kennedy Space Center, Florida has attracted many writers such as Marjorie Kinnan Rawlings, Ernest Hemingway and Tennessee Williams, and continues to attract celebrities and athletes. It is internationally known for golf, tennis, auto racing, by the 16th century, the earliest time for which there is a historical record, major Native American groups included the Apalachee, the Timucua, the Ais, the Tocobaga, the Calusa and the Tequesta. Florida was the first part of the continental United States to be visited and settled by Europeans, the earliest known European explorers came with the Spanish conquistador Juan Ponce de León. Ponce de León spotted and landed on the peninsula on April 2,1513 and he named the region La Florida. The story that he was searching for the Fountain of Youth is a myth, in May 1539, Conquistador Hernando de Soto skirted the coast of Florida, searching for a deep harbor to land. He described seeing a wall of red mangroves spread mile after mile, some reaching as high as 70 feet. Very soon, many smokes appeared along the whole coast, billowing against the sky, the Spanish introduced Christianity, cattle, horses, sheep, the Spanish language, and more to Florida. Both the Spanish and French established settlements in Florida, with varying degrees of success, in 1559, Don Tristán de Luna y Arellano established a settlement at present-day Pensacola, making it the first attempted settlement in Florida, but it was abandoned by 1561. Spain maintained tenuous control over the region by converting the tribes to Christianity. The area of Spanish Florida diminished with the establishment of English settlements to the north, the English attacked St. Augustine, burning the city and its cathedral to the ground several times. Florida attracted numerous Africans and African-Americans from adjacent British colonies who sought freedom from slavery, in 1738, Governor Manuel de Montiano established Fort Gracia Real de Santa Teresa de Mose near St
17.
Orlando, Florida
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Orlando is a city in the U. S. state of Florida and the county seat of Orange County. Located in Central Florida, it is the center of the Orlando metropolitan area, which had a population of 4,000,002, according to U. S. As of 2015, Orlando had an estimated population of 270,934, making it the 73rd-largest city in the United States, the fourth-largest city in Florida. The City of Orlando is nicknamed The City Beautiful, and its symbol is the fountain at Lake Eola, Orlando is also known as The Theme Park Capital of the World and in 2014 its tourist attractions and events drew more than 62 million visitors. The Orlando International Airport is the thirteenth-busiest airport in the United States, with the exception of Walt Disney World, most major attractions are located along International Drive. The city is one of the busiest American cities for conferences and conventions. Orlando is home to the University of Central Florida, which is the largest university campus in the United States in terms of enrollment as of 2015, in 2010, Orlando was listed as a Gamma− level of world-city in the World Cities Study Groups inventory. Orlando ranks as the fourth-most popular American city based on where people want to live according to a 2009 Pew Research Center study. Fort Gatlin, as the Orlando area was known, was established at what is now just south of the city limits by the 4th U. S. Artillery under the command of Ltc, alexander C. W. Fanning on November 9,1838 during the construction of a series of fortified encampments across Florida during the Second Seminole War. The fort and surrounding area were named for Dr. John S. Gatlin, king Phillip and Coacoochee frequented this area and the tree was alleged to be the place where the previous 1835 ambush that had killed over 100 soldiers had been planned. When the U. S. military abandoned the fort in 1839 the surrounding community was built up by settlers, prior to being known by its current name, Orlando was once known as Jernigan. Aarron Jernigan became Orange Countys first State Representative in 1845 but his pleas for military protection went unanswered. Fort Gatlin was briefly reoccupied by the military for a few weeks during October and November 1849, a historical marker indicates that by 1850 the Jernigan homestead served as the nucleus of a village named Jernigan. One of the countys first records, a grand jurys report, mentions a stockade where it states homesteaders were driven from their homes, Aaron Jernigan led a local volunteer militia during 1852. Jernigan appears on an 1855 map of Florida and by 1856 the area had become the county seat of Orange County and it is known for certain that the area was renamed Orlando in 1857. The move is believed to be sparked, in part, by Aaron Jernigans fall from grace after he was relieved of his command by military officials in 1856. His behavior was so notorious that Secretary of War Jefferson Davis wrote, in 1859, Jernigan and his sons were accused of committing a murder at the towns post office
18.
Michael Eisner
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Michael Dammann Eisner is an American businessman. Eisner is best known as the Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of The Walt Disney Company from 1984 until 2005. Prior to Disney, Eisner was President and CEO of rival studio, Paramount Pictures, from 1976 to 1984, and had brief stints at the major television networks, NBC, CBS. Eisner was born to an affluent, secular Jewish family in Mount Kisco and his mother, Margaret, whose family founded the American Safety Razor Company, was the president of the Irvington Institute, a hospital that treated children with rheumatic fever. His father, Lester Eisner, Jr. was a lawyer and regional administrator of the United States Department of Housing and his parents were both descendents of German Jewish immigrants and Eisner had 16 relatives who were killed in the Holocaust. He was raised on Park Avenue in Manhattan and he is a member of the Delta Upsilon fraternity and credits much of his accomplishments to his time at Keewaydin Canoe Camp for boys in Vermont. Eisner has one sister, Margot Freedman, after two brief stints at NBC and CBS, Barry Diller at ABC hired Eisner as Assistant to the National Programming Director. Eisner moved up the ranks, eventually becoming a vice president in charge of programming. In 1976, Diller, who had by then moved on to become chairman of Paramount Pictures, recruited Eisner from ABC and made him president, Diller left Paramount in 1984, and, as his protégé, Eisner expected to assume Dillers position as studio chief. When he was passed over for the job, though, he left to look for work elsewhere, since the death of founder Walt Disney in 1966, The Walt Disney Company had narrowly survived several takeover attempts. Its shareholders Sid Bass and Roy E. Disney brought in Eisner and former Warner Brothers chief Frank Wells to replace Ron W. Miller in 1984 and strengthen the company. In addition to his duties as Chairman and CEO, Eisner was also the presenter of The Wonderful World of Disney TV series, Eisner was well recognized by children at the companys theme parks who often asked him for autographs. During the second half of the 1980s and early 1990s, Disney was revitalized, beginning with the films Who Framed Roger Rabbit and The Little Mermaid, its flagship animation studio enjoyed a series of commercial and critical successes. Disney also broadened its offerings in film when then Disney Studio Chairman Jeffrey Katzenberg acquired Miramax Films in 1993. Disney acquired many other sources, including ABC and ESPN. While some of the proposals were completed, most were not, Wells died in a helicopter crash in 1994. When Eisner did not appoint Walt Disney Studios chief Jeffrey Katzenberg to Wells now available post, Katzenberg resigned, the Ovitz episode engendered a long running derivative suit, which finally concluded in June 2006, almost 10 years later. Chandler, III of the Delaware Court of Chancery, despite describing Eisners behavior as falling far short of what shareholders expect, found in favor of Eisner and the rest of the Disney board because they had not violated the letter of the law
19.
Film industry
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The film industry or motion picture industry comprises the technological and commercial institutions of filmmaking, i. e. Though the expense involved in making movies almost immediately led film production to concentrate under the auspices of standing production companies, advances in affordable film making equipment, and expansion of opportunities to acquire investment capital from outside the film industry itself, have allowed independent film production to evolve. Hollywood is the oldest film industry of the world and the largest in terms of box office gross, other centers include Hong Kong and in Europe the United Kingdom, France, Italy, Spain, and Germany are the countries that lead movie production. The worldwide theatrical market had a box office of US$38.3 billion in 2015. The top three continents/regions by box office gross were, Asia-Pacific with US$14.1 billion, North America with US$11.1 billion and Europe, distinct from the centers are the locations where movies are filmed. Because of labor and infrastructure costs, many films are produced in other than the one in which the company which pays for the film is located. For example, many U. S. movies are filmed in Canada, many Nigerian movies are filmed in Ghana, while many Indian movies are filmed in the Americas, Europe, Singapore etc. The cinema of the United States, often referred to as Hollywood, has had a profound effect on cinema across the world since the early 20th century. The United States cinema is the oldest film industry in the world which originated more than 121 years ago and also the largest film industry in terms of revenue. Hollywood is the nexus of the U. S. film industry with established film study facilities such as the American Film Institute, LA Film School. However, four of the six film studios are owned by East Coast companies. Today, American film studios collectively generate several hundred movies every year, only The Walt Disney Company — which owns the Walt Disney Studios — is fully based in Southern California. And while Sony Pictures Entertainment is headquartered in Culver City, California, its parent company, most shooting now takes place in California, New York, Louisiana, Georgia and North Carolina. Hollywood is the most popular film industry with the highest number of screens, between 2009-2015, Hollywood consistently grossed $10 billion annually. Jenkins used his Phantoscope to project his film before an audience of family, friends, the film featured a vaudeville dancer performing a Butterfly Dance. Jenkins and his new partner Thomas Armat modified the Phantoscope for exhibitions in temporary theaters at the Cotton States Exposition in the fall of 1895, the Phantoscope was later sold to Thomas Edison, who changed the name of the projector to Edisons Vitascope. Nestor Studios was Hollywoods first movie studio, founded on October 27,1911 It was built by David Horsley for Nestor Motion Picture Company and it was then owned and operated by David Horsley and his brother, William Horsley. The first motion picture stage in Hollywood was built behind the tavern, other East Coast studios had moved production to Los Angeles, prior to Nestors move west
20.
Television
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Television or TV is a telecommunication medium used for transmitting moving images in monochrome, or in color, and in two or three dimensions and sound. The term can refer to a set, a television program. Television is a medium for entertainment, education, news, politics, gossip. Television became available in experimental forms in the late 1920s. After World War II, a form of black-and-white TV broadcasting became popular in the United States and Britain, and television sets became commonplace in homes, businesses. During the 1950s, television was the medium for influencing public opinion. In the mid-1960s, color broadcasting was introduced in the US, for many reasons, the storage of television and video programming now occurs on the cloud. At the end of the first decade of the 2000s, digital television transmissions greatly increased in popularity, another development was the move from standard-definition television to high-definition television, which provides a resolution that is substantially higher. HDTV may be transmitted in various formats, 1080p, 1080i, in 2013, 79% of the worlds households owned a television set. Most TV sets sold in the 2000s were flat-panel, mainly LEDs, major manufacturers announced the discontinuation of CRT, DLP, plasma, and even fluorescent-backlit LCDs by the mid-2010s. In the near future, LEDs are gradually expected to be replaced by OLEDs, also, major manufacturers have announced that they will increasingly produce smart TVs in the mid-2010s. Smart TVs with integrated Internet and Web 2.0 functions became the dominant form of television by the late 2010s, Television signals were initially distributed only as terrestrial television using high-powered radio-frequency transmitters to broadcast the signal to individual television receivers. Alternatively television signals are distributed by cable or optical fiber, satellite systems and. Until the early 2000s, these were transmitted as analog signals, a standard television set is composed of multiple internal electronic circuits, including a tuner for receiving and decoding broadcast signals. A visual display device which lacks a tuner is correctly called a video monitor rather than a television, the word television comes from Ancient Greek τῆλε, meaning far, and Latin visio, meaning sight. The Anglicised version of the term is first attested in 1907 and it was. formed in English or borrowed from French télévision. In the 19th century and early 20th century, other. proposals for the name of a technology for sending pictures over distance were telephote. The abbreviation TV is from 1948, the use of the term to mean a television set dates from 1941
21.
Music industry
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The modern Western music industry emerged between the 1930s and 1950s, when records replaced sheet music as the most important product in the music business. In the commercial world, the recording industry–a reference to recording performances of songs and pieces, labels outside of these three major labels are referred to as independent labels. The largest portion of the music market for concerts and tours is controlled by Live Nation. Live Nation is a subsidiary of iHeartMedia Inc, which is the largest owner of radio stations in the United States. In the first decades of the 2000s, the industry underwent drastic changes with the advent of widespread digital distribution of music via the Internet. A conspicuous indicator of changes is total music sales, since 2000. In 2011, the largest recorded music retailer in the world was now a digital, Internet-based platform operated by a computer company, printed music in Europe, Music publishing using machine-printed sheet music developed during the Renaissance music era in the mid-15th century. The development of music followed the evolution of printing technologies that were first developed for printing regular books. After the mid-15th century, mechanical techniques for printing music were first developed. The earliest example, a set of chants, dates from about 1465. Prior to this time, music had to be copied out by hand, to copy music notation by hand was a very costly, labor-intensive and time-consuming process, so it was usually undertaken only by monks and priests seeking to preserve sacred music for the church. The few collections of music that are extant were commissioned and owned by wealthy aristocrats. Examples include the Squarcialupi Codex of Italian Trecento music and the Chantilly Codex of French Ars subtilior music, the use of printing enabled sheet music to reproduced much more quickly and at a much lower cost than hand-copying music notation. This helped musical styles to spread to cities and countries more quickly. With music printing, though, a composers music could be printed, as sheet music of major composers pieces and songs began to be printed and distributed in a wider area, this enabled composers and listeners to hear new styles and forms of music. A German composer could buy songs written by an Italian or English composer, and this led to more blending of musical styles from different countries and regions. The pioneer of music printing was Ottaviano Petrucci, a printer and publisher who was able to secure a twenty-year monopoly on printed music in Venice during the 16th century. Venice was one of the business and music centers during this period
22.
Theatre
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The performers may communicate this experience to the audience through combinations of gesture, speech, song, music, and dance. Elements of art, such as painted scenery and stagecraft such as lighting are used to enhance the physicality, presence, the specific place of the performance is also named by the word theatre as derived from the Ancient Greek θέατρον, itself from θεάομαι. Modern theatre, broadly defined, includes performances of plays and musical theatre, there are connections between theatre and the art forms of ballet, opera and various other forms. The city-state of Athens is where western theatre originated, participation in the city-states many festivals—and mandatory attendance at the City Dionysia as an audience member in particular—was an important part of citizenship. The Greeks also developed the concepts of dramatic criticism and theatre architecture, Actors were either amateur or at best semi-professional. The theatre of ancient Greece consisted of three types of drama, tragedy, comedy, and the satyr play, the origins of theatre in ancient Greece, according to Aristotle, the first theoretician of theatre, are to be found in the festivals that honoured Dionysus. The performances were given in semi-circular auditoria cut into hillsides, capable of seating 10, the stage consisted of a dancing floor, dressing room and scene-building area. Since the words were the most important part, good acoustics, the actors wore masks appropriate to the characters they represented, and each might play several parts. Athenian tragedy—the oldest surviving form of tragedy—is a type of dance-drama that formed an important part of the culture of the city-state. Having emerged sometime during the 6th century BCE, it flowered during the 5th century BCE, no tragedies from the 6th century BCE and only 32 of the more than a thousand that were performed in during the 5th century BCE have survived. We have complete texts extant by Aeschylus, Sophocles, and Euripides, the origins of tragedy remain obscure, though by the 5th century BCE it was institution alised in competitions held as part of festivities celebrating Dionysus. As contestants in the City Dionysias competition playwrights were required to present a tetralogy of plays, the performance of tragedies at the City Dionysia may have begun as early as 534 BCE, official records begin from 501 BCE, when the satyr play was introduced. More than 130 years later, the philosopher Aristotle analysed 5th-century Athenian tragedy in the oldest surviving work of dramatic theory—his Poetics, Athenian comedy is conventionally divided into three periods, Old Comedy, Middle Comedy, and New Comedy. Old Comedy survives today largely in the form of the surviving plays of Aristophanes. New Comedy is known primarily from the papyrus fragments of Menander. Aristotle defined comedy as a representation of people that involves some kind of blunder or ugliness that does not cause pain or disaster. In addition to the categories of comedy and tragedy at the City Dionysia, finding its origins in rural, agricultural rituals dedicated to Dionysus, the satyr play eventually found its way to Athens in its most well-known form. Satyrs themselves were tied to the god Dionysus as his loyal companions, often engaging in drunken revelry
23.
Classical Hollywood cinema
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For centuries the only visual standard of narrative storytelling was the theatre. Since the first narrative films in the 1890s, filmmakers sought to capture the power, most of these filmmakers started as directors on the late 19th century stage, and likewise most film actors had roots in vaudeville or theatrical melodramas. Early film-makers largely failed to both the limitations and the freedom of the new medium. Visually, early films had adapted little from the stage. Regardless of any merit they had in the proscenium, these narrative films lost both their power and their realism on the cinematic frame, melodrama and vaudeville only emphasized the artificiality of film, and likewise stagy visuals on film appeared two-dimensional and static. Before the visual style which would become known as classical continuity, scenes were filmed in full shot and used carefully choreographed staging to portray plot, cutting was extremely limited, and mostly consisted of close-ups of writing on objects for their legibility. By the early 1910s, film-making was beginning to fulfill its artistic potential, films worldwide began to noticeably adopt visual and narrative elements which would be found in classical Hollywood cinema. In the world generally and America specifically, the influence of Griffith on film-making was unmatched, equally influential were his actors in adapting their performances to the new medium. Lillian Gish, the star of The Mothering Heart, is noted for her influence on screen performance techniques. D. W. Griffiths 1915 epic The Birth of a Nation was groundbreaking for film as a means of storytelling — a masterpiece of narrative with numerous innovative visual techniques. The film initiated so many advances in American cinema that it was rendered obsolete within a few years, though 1913 was a global landmark for film-making,1917 was primarily an American one. The era of classical Hollywood cinema is distinguished by a narrative, the narrative and visual style of classical Hollywood style would further develop after the transition to sound-film production. The primary changes in American film-making came from the industry itself. This mode of production, with its star system bankrolled by several key studios, had preceded sound by several years. By mid-1920 most of the prominent American directors and actors, who had worked independently since the early 10s, the beginning of the sound era itself is ambiguously defined. Some begin the start of the era with The Jazz Singer. Others begin the era at 1929, when the silent age had definitively ended, for instance, Cedric Gibbons and Herbert Stothart always worked on MGM films, Alfred Newman worked at Twentieth Century Fox for twenty years, Cecil B. DeMilles films were almost all made at Paramount Pictures, director Henry Kings films were made for Twentieth Century Fox
24.
Film studio
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The majority of firms in the entertainment industry have never owned their own studios, but have rented space from other companies. The largest film studio in the world is Hengdian World Studios, in Zhejiang and he distributed these movies at vaudeville theaters, penny arcades, wax museums, and fairgrounds. The pioneering Thanhouser film studio was founded in New Rochelle, New York in 1909 by American theatrical impresario Edwin Thanhouser, the company produced and released 1,086 films between 1910 and 1917, successfully distributing them around the world. The first film ever, Million Dollar Mystery, was released by the Thanhouser company in 1914. In the early 1900s, companies started moving to Los Angeles, although electric lights were by then widely available, none were yet powerful enough to adequately expose film, the best source of illumination for motion picture production was natural sunlight. Some movies were shot on the roofs of buildings in Downtown Los Angeles, early movie producers also relocated to Southern California to escape Edisons Motion Picture Patents Company, which controlled almost all the patents relevant to movie production at the time. The first movie studio in the Hollywood area was Nestor Studios, in the same year, another 15 independents settled in Hollywood. Other production companies eventually settled in the Los Angeles area in such as Culver City, Burbank. Five large companies, 20th Century Fox, RKO Pictures, Paramount Pictures, smaller studios operated simultaneously with the majors. Together with smaller outfits such as PRC TKO and Grand National, the Big Fives ownership of movie theaters was eventually opposed by eight independent producers, including Samuel Goldwyn, David O. Selznick, Walt Disney, Hal Roach, and Walter Wanger. In 1948, the government won a case against Paramount in the Supreme Court. This decision, reached after years of litigation, hastened the end of the studio system. By the 1950s, the components of a typical major film studio had become standardized. Movement in and out of the studio is normally limited to specific gates, Studio premises generally feature multiple sound stages along with an outside backlot, as well as offices for studio executives and production companies. There is normally a studio commissary, which is the term in the film industry for what other industries call a company cafeteria. With the growing diversification of studios into such fields as video games, television, theme parks, home video and publishing, instead the studios transformed into financing and distribution entities for the films made by their affiliated production companies. With the decreasing cost of CG and visual effects, many studios sold large chunks of their once massive studio spaces or backlots to private real-estate developers. Century City in Los Angeles was once part of the 20th Century Fox backlot, in most cases portions of the backlots were retained and are available for rental by various film and television productions
25.
Walt Disney Animation Studios
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Founded on October 16,1923, it is a division of The Walt Disney Studios. The studio has produced 56 feature films, from Snow White and it was founded as the Disney Brothers Cartoon Studio in 1923 and incorporated as Walt Disney Productions in 1929. The studio was dedicated to producing short films until it expanded into feature production in 1934. In 1983, Walt Disney Productions named its film studio Walt Disney Pictures. In 2006, Walt Disney Feature Animation took on its current name, the studio also pioneered the art of storyboarding, which is now a standard technique used in both animated and live-action filmmaking. Walt Disney Animation Studios continues to produce films using both traditional animation and computer-generated imagery, at the present, Andrew Millstein is the general manager of the studio for day-to-day business affairs, under the direction of Edwin Catmull and John Lasseter who also oversee Pixar. Kansas City, Missouri, natives Walt Disney and Roy O, in February 1924, the studio moved next door to office space of its own at 4649 Kingswell Avenue. Disney refused, and as Universal owned the rights to Oswald rather than Disney, most of Disneys staff was hired away by Mintz to move over, once Disneys Oswald contract was done in mid-1928. The first two Mickey Mouse cartoons, Plane Crazy and The Galloping Gaucho, were previewed in limited engagements during the summer of 1928, the Mickey Mouse series of sound cartoons, distributed by Powers through Celebrity Productions, quickly became the most popular cartoon series in the United States. A second Disney series of cartoons, the Silly Symphonies. Powers in return signed away Ub Iwerks, who began producing cartoons at his own studio, columbia distributed Disneys shorts for two years before the Disney studio entered a new distribution deal with United Artists in 1932. The result was the Silly Symphony Flowers and Trees, the first film released in full Technicolor. Flowers and Trees was a success, and all Silly Symphonies were subsequently produced in Technicolor. In 1934, Walt Disney gathered several key members and announced his plans to make his first feature animated film. In the course of teaching the classes, Graham and the created or formalized many of the techniques and processes that became the key tenets. During the production of Snow White, work had continued on the Mickey Mouse, Mickey Mouse switched to Technicolor in 1935, by which time the series had added several major supporting characters, among them Mickeys dog Pluto and their friends Donald Duck and Goofy. Donald, Goofy, and Pluto would all be appearing in series of their own by 1940, the Silly Symphonies, which garnered seven Academy Awards, ended in 1939. The success of Snow White allowed Disney to build a new, larger studio on Buena Vista Street in Burbank, Walt Disney Productions had its initial public offering on April 2,1940, with Walt Disney as president and chairman and Roy Disney as CEO
26.
Backlot
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A backlot is an area behind or adjoining a movie studio, containing permanent exterior buildings for outdoor scenes in filmmaking or television productions, or space for temporary set construction. Some movie studios build a variety of sets on the backlot. There are streets that comprise an assortment of styles, Victorian to suburban homes. An example of this is Forty Acres in Culver City, California or, in the case of Universal Studios, the home of Norman Bates from the Hitchcock movie Psycho. The shells, or façades, on a studio backlot are usually constructed with three sides and a roof, often missing the back wall and/or one of the side walls. The interior is a space, with no rooms, and from the back of the structure one can see the electrical wires, pipes, beams and scaffolding. Ladders are usually built into the structure, allowing performers to climb to a window or the roof to perform scenes. Not all the buildings and houses are shells, some are closed in with a fourth wall. When not otherwise in use, they serve as facilities for lighting. When in use, the structures are dressed by adding doors, window treatments, l-shaped temporary walls are placed inside of doors to give the illusion of an interior. When not in use, the structures are stripped of this dressing. Television shows such as Moonlighting and Its Garry Shandlings Show also broke the fourth wall and gave audiences a peek of life on the other side of the camera. All the sets on a studio backlot are built so that what seems large, or as if it covers miles of ground on the big or small screen, today many studio backlots are gone or nearly gone. There are several reasons for this, los Angeles, like the rest of the United States, went through an economic boom after World War II. This caused real estate prices and property taxes linked to market value to rise dramatically. At the same time, during the 1950s, 1960s, and 1970s, global movie audiences were annoyed by films that were supposedly set all over the world. The primitive special effects technology of the era made it difficult to remove clues, audiences wanted to see actors in locations which were both exotic and authentic, as opposed to tacky Hollywood copies. The box office failure of the 1968 film Camelot was blamed in part on this issue, many were razed and the land was either sold to developers or repurposed for theme parks or office buildings
27.
Universal Studios Florida
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Universal Studios Florida is a theme park located in Orlando, Florida. Opened on June 7,1990, the theme is the entertainment industry, in particular movies. Universal Studios Florida inspires its guests to ride the movies, and it features numerous attractions, the park is one component of the larger Universal Orlando Resort. In 2015, the park hosted an estimated 9.6 million visitors, ranking as the sixth most attended theme park in the United States, as well as the tenth most attended theme park worldwide. Many of the parks past and present attractions were developed with the creators of the films they were based on. Adventure and was a consultant for Back to the Future, The Ride, Twister. Ride it Out, An American Tail Theatre, Jaws, Men in Black, Alien Attack and Transformers. It has occasionally licensed popular characters from rival studios, many of whom did not operate theme parks themselves, as attractions, past. Some examples include, Ghostbusters and Men in Black, The Simpsons Nickelodeon and it was also the first time that Universal Studios had constructed an amusement park from the ground up. Spielberg had also noticed how competitive the park could be if it could compete with the nearby Walt Disney World and Seaworld, for its Florida park, Universal Studios took the concepts of the Hollywood tour scenes and developed them into larger, stand-alone attractions. As an example, in Hollywood, the studio tour trams travel close to a shoreline and are attacked by Jaws before they travel to the part of the tour. Universal Studios Florida originally had a Studio Tour attraction that visited the production facilities, previous slogans for Universal Studios Florida were, See the Stars. No one makes believe like we do, Ride the Movies, Jump into the Action. Experience The Movies The current slogan is Vacation Like You Mean It, like all theme parks, attractions are sometimes closed due to aging and replaced with more contemporary attractions. Universal has seen this several times. Some notable closures include Kongfrontation, Back to the Future, The Ride, The Funtastic World of Hanna-Barbera, Jaws, the closures of Kongfrontation, Back to the Future, and Jaws have been given homages by the park to honor veteran visitors who revered the former rides. The large area that housed the Jaws attraction was reconstructed to make way for the new Diagon Alley. As an homage to the Jaws attraction that was available to so many visitors of the years, one being a set of shark jawbones appearing behind the herbs and potions of Mr. Mulpeppers Apothecary. Nickelodeon Studios became a Blue Man Group attraction in 2007, Universal Studios Florida features six themed areas all situated around a large lagoon
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Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer
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Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer Studios Inc. is an American media company, involved primarily in the production and distribution of feature films and television programs. Its headquarters are in Beverly Hills, California and it is one of the worlds oldest film studios. In 1971, it was announced that MGM would merge with 20th Century Fox, over the next thirty-nine years, the studio was bought and sold at various points in its history until, on November 3,2010, MGM filed for Chapter 11 bankruptcy. MGM Resorts International, a Las Vegas-based hotel and casino company listed on the New York Stock Exchange under the symbol MGM, is not currently affiliated with Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer. In 1966, MGM was sold to Canadian investor Edgar Bronfman Sr. whose son Edgar Jr. would later buy Universal Studios, the studio continued to produce five to six films a year that were released through other studios, mostly United Artists. Kerkorian did, however, commit to increased production and a film library when he bought United Artists in 1981. MGM ramped up production, as well as keeping production going at UA. It also incurred significant amounts of debt to increase production, the studio took on additional debt as a series of owners took charge in the 1980s and early 1990s. In 1986, Ted Turner bought MGM, but a few later, sold the company back to Kerkorian to recoup massive debt. The series of deals left MGM even more heavily in debt, MGM was bought by Pathé Communications in 1990, but Parretti lost control of Pathé and defaulted on the loans used to purchase the studio. The French banking conglomerate Crédit Lyonnais, the major creditor. Even more deeply in debt, MGM was purchased by a joint venture between Kerkorian, producer Frank Mancuso, and Australias Seven Network in 1996, the debt load from these and subsequent business deals negatively affected MGMs ability to survive as an independent motion picture studio. In 1924, movie theater magnate Marcus Loew had a problem and he had bought Metro Pictures Corporation in 1919 for a steady supply of films for his large Loews Theatres chain. With Loews lackluster assortment of Metro films, Loew purchased Goldwyn Pictures in 1924 to improve the quality, however, these purchases created a need for someone to oversee his new Hollywood operations, since longtime assistant Nicholas Schenck was needed in New York headquarters to oversee the 150 theaters. Mayer, Loew addressed the situation by buying Louis B. Mayer Pictures on April 17,1924, Mayer became head of the renamed Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer, with Irving Thalberg as head of production. MGM produced more than 100 feature films in its first two years, in 1925, MGM released the extravagant and successful Ben-Hur, taking a $4.7 million profit that year, its first full year. Marcus Loew died in 1927, and control of Loews passed to Nicholas Schenck, in 1929, William Fox of Fox Film Corporation bought the Loew familys holdings with Schencks assent. Mayer and Thalberg disagreed with the decision, Mayer was active in the California Republican Party and used his political connections to persuade the Justice Department to delay final approval of the deal on antitrust grounds
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Landmark
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A landmark is a recognizable natural or artificial feature used for navigation, a feature that stands out from its near environment and is often visible from long distances. In modern use, the term can also be applied to structures or features. In old English the word landmearc was used to describe a set up to mark the boundaries of a kingdom, estate. 1560, this understanding of landmark was replaced by a general one. A landmark became an object in a landscape. A landmark literally meant a geographic feature used by explorers and others to find their way back or through an area. For example, the Table Mountain near Cape Town, South Africa is used as the landmark to sailors to navigate around southern tip of Africa during the Age of Exploration. Artificial structures are sometimes built to assist sailors in naval navigation. The Lighthouse of Alexandria and Colossus of Rhodes are ancient structures built to lead ships to the port, in modern usage, a landmark includes anything that is easily recognizable, such as a monument, building, or other structure. In American English it is the term used to designate places that might be of interest to tourists due to notable physical features or historical significance. Landmarks in the British English sense are often used for casual navigation and this is done in American English as well. In urban studies as well as in geography, a landmark is furthermore defined as a point of reference that helps orienting in a familiar or unfamiliar environment. Landmarks are often used in verbal route instructions and as such an object of study by linguists as well as in fields of study. Landmarks are usually classified as either natural landmarks or man-made landmarks, a variant is a seamark or daymark, a structure usually built intentionally to aid sailors navigating featureless coasts. Natural landmarks can be characteristic features, such as mountains or plateaus, examples of natural landmarks are Table Mountain in South Africa, Mount Ararat in Turkey, Uluru in Australia, Mount Fuji in Japan and Grand Canyon in the United States. Trees might also serve as landmarks, such as jubilee oaks or conifers. Some landmark trees may be nicknamed, examples being Queens Oak, church spires and mosques minarets are often very tall and visible from many miles around, thus often serve as built landmarks. Also town hall towers and belfries often have a landmark character, cultural heritage management National landmark National symbol Media related to Landmarks at Wikimedia Commons
30.
Earffel Tower
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The Earffel Tower is a faux water tower located at Walt Disney Studios Park at Disneyland Paris in Seine-et-Marne. The original version previously existed at Disneys Hollywood Studios at the Walt Disney World Resort in Bay Lake, Florida, adorned with a set of Mickey Mouse ears, they were inspired by the real water tower located at the Walt Disney Studios in Burbank, California. The original 130-foot Earffel Tower at Disneys Hollywood Studios, was the first of the two towers and was located in the Studio Backlot Tour backstage area of the park. It was the icon of the park, from 1989 until 2001. The Sorcerers Hat then served as the official icon until its removal in 2015. The tower was removed on April 29,2016, to facilitate the construction of the parks Toy Story Land, the second, 163-foot tower at Walt Disney Studios Park debuted in 2002 and has served as the parks icon since then
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Sorcerer's Hat
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The Sorcerers Hat was the icon of Disneys Hollywood Studios, the third of four theme parks built at the Walt Disney World Resort in Bay Lake, Florida. The structure was inspired by the Sorcerers Apprentice segment in Walt Disneys 1940 animated film, mickey Mouses gloved hand and ears underneath the hat are visible emerging from the ground. With its opening on September 28,2001, it replaced the Earffel Tower as the icon in marketing material. It was used as a venue for pin trading and sales, high School Musical Live culminated several dances from several Disney Channel shows that performed several times daily in front of the hat. Disney characters made appearances around the hat throughout the day. Built in front of The Great Movie Ride, the Sorcerers Hat debuted on September 28,2001 as part of the 100 Years of Magic celebration at Walt Disney World Resort. During the celebration, interactive kiosks were installed underneath the Sorcerers Hat where guests could learn about Walt Disneys life, when the celebration ended in early 2003, the kiosks were removed. On May 20,2011, the Sorcerers Hat served as the venue for the opening ceremony for Star Tours. The Sorcerers Hat originally was going to be built outside of the park, in October 2014, Disney confirmed that the Sorcerers Hat would be removed by early 2015. The structures removal began on January 7,2015, and was completed 49 days later, the Sorcerers Hat was originally the hat of Yen Sid in the Sorcerers Apprentice segment in Walt Disneys 1940 animated film Fantasia. Mickey Mouse, as the Sorcerers lazy apprentice, puts on the hat to attempt to use magic to perform his chores, the Sorcerers Hat appears throughout season 4 of Disney-produced television series Once Upon a Time, as a powerful artifact, capable of stealing powers from magic users. Queen Elsas parents wanted the Hat to take away her ice powers, pieces of the Hat were sold as part of the pin series Piece of Walt Disney World History. The pin had a size of 1,500, cost US$15.95
32.
Fantasia (1940 film)
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Fantasia is a 1940 American animated film produced by Walt Disney and released by Walt Disney Productions. With story direction by Joe Grant and Dick Huemer, and production supervision by Ben Sharpsteen, the film consists of eight animated segments set to pieces of classical music conducted by Leopold Stokowski, seven of which are performed by the Philadelphia Orchestra. Music critic and composer Deems Taylor acts as the films Master of Ceremonies, as production costs grew higher than what it could earn, Disney decided to include the short in a feature-length film with other segments set to classical pieces. Fantasia was first released in theatrical roadshow engagements held in thirteen U. S. cities from November 13,1940, the film was subsequently reissued multiple times with its original footage and audio being deleted, modified, or restored in each version. As of 2012, Fantasia has grossed $76.4 million in revenue and is the 22nd highest-grossing film of all time in the U. S. when adjusted for inflation. Fantasia, as a franchise, has grown to include games, Disneyland attractions, a live concert. Fantasia opens with live action scenes of members of an orchestra gathering against a background and tuning their instruments in half-light. Master of ceremonies Deems Taylor enters the stage and introduces the program, Toccata and Fugue in D Minor by Johann Sebastian Bach. Live-action shots of the orchestra illuminated in blue and gold, backed by superimposed shadows, animated lines, shapes and cloud formations reflect the sound and rhythms of the music. Nutcracker Suite by Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky, selections from the ballet suite underscore scenes depicting the changing of the seasons from summer to autumn to winter. The Sorcerers Apprentice by Paul Dukas, based on Goethes 1797 poem Der Zauberlehrling. Mickey Mouse, the apprentice of the sorcerer Yen Sid, attempts some of his masters magic tricks. Rite of Spring by Igor Stravinsky, a visual history of the Earths beginnings is depicted to selected sections of the ballet score. The sequence progresses from the formation to the first living creatures, followed by the reign. Intermission/Meet the Soundtrack, The orchestra musicians depart and the Fantasia title card is revealed, after the intermission there is a brief jam session of jazz music led by a clarinettist as the orchestra members return. Then a humorously stylized demonstration of how sound is rendered on film is shown, an animated sound track character, initially a straight white line, changes into different shapes and colors based on the sounds played. The Pastoral Symphony by Ludwig van Beethoven, a mythical Greco-Roman world of colorful centaurs and centaurettes, cupids, fauns and other figures from classical mythology is portrayed to Beethovens music. A gathering for a festival to honor Bacchus, the god of wine, is interrupted by Zeus, Dance of the Hours by Amilcare Ponchielli
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The Twilight Zone Tower of Terror
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The Tokyo version, which features an original story line not related to The Twilight Zone, takes place in the fictional Hotel Hightower. A decade later, Disney began plans to add similar versions of the attraction to their newest parks at the Disneyland Resort in California, Tokyo Disney Resort in Japan, and Disneyland Resort Paris. In California and Paris, Disney sought to use the attraction to boost attendance at the respective resorts struggling new theme parks. The California and Tokyo versions of Tower of Terror opened in 2004 and 2006, respectively, the California version closed in January 2017. The Tower of Terror buildings are among the tallest structures found at their respective Disney resorts, at 199 feet, the Florida version is the second tallest attraction at the Walt Disney World Resort, with only Expedition Everest 199.5 feet being taller. At the Disneyland Resort, the 183-foot structure is the tallest building at the resort, at Disneyland Paris, it is the second tallest attraction. In the American and European versions of the attraction, guests make their way to the Hollywood Tower Hotel through the front gate, guests then walk along a cracked, curved pathway that leads to the hotel. The pathway goes past overgrown gardens, signs pointing to the stables, a green, tennis courts, swimming pools. In most parks, 1930s jazz music plays in the queue area, entering through the hotels front doors, guests encounter an interior designed to give the impression that the Hollywood Tower Hotel has been left untouched since the night of its closure. The lobby is covered in dust and draped with cobwebs, past the front desk, the main elevators are in a dilapidated state, and a sign reads Out of Order. Through the library window, guests can observe a severe thunderstorm raging outside, the television then turns off and the guests are directed through to the boiler room, where they await the maintenance service elevators arrival. In the late 1980s, a phase of development was being designed for Disneyland Paris. Included was a free-fall type ride in Frontierland that was to be named Geyser Mountain and it would have been part roller coaster, part free-fall ride that shot guests up a vertical shaft. The plan was scrapped, but was picked up by Disneys Hollywood Studios as part of an expansion to their U. S. park. Several attractions had already been proposed, including Dick Tracys Crimestoppers, still needing a major E-ticket attraction, the idea of a drop-shaft ride came up and was chosen. Walt Disney Imagineering eventually took inspiration from Rod Serlings anthology stories featured in The Twilight Zone, Imagineers mused that the attraction would be able to take guests into the Fifth Dimension that Serling always described as unlocking in every episode of the series. With the project in development, Disney licensed the rights to use The Twilight Zone intellectual property from CBS Inc. Otis Elevator Company created the vertical ride system, and Eaton-Kenway a ride vehicle that could drive itself horizontally, site-clearing and prep began early 1992
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Walt Disney Imagineering
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Imagineering is responsible for designing and building Disney theme parks, resorts, cruise ships, and other entertainment venues at all levels of project development. Imagineering also manages various properties held by units within the Walt Disney Company including Disneys Burbank Studios, New Amsterdam Theater, when Disney was in the sports team ownership that included Edison Field and the Mighty Ducks Disney Ice practice rink in Anaheim. Disney filed for a copyright for the term in 1967, claiming first use of the term in 1962, Walt Disney Inc. was formed by Walt Disney in 1953 with the Disneyland designing engineering division. In light of objections from Roy as well as those of potential stockholders, in 1961, WED moved into the Grand Central Business Park, the site of the former Grand Central Air Terminal, in 1961. The unit was renamed as of January 1986 to Walt Disney Imagineering, in 1996, Disney Development Company, the Disney conglomerates real estate development subsidiary, merged into Imagineering. Imagineering created Disney Fair, a U. S. traveling attraction, with poor attendance, the fair was pulled after a few stops. Disney Entertainment Projects Inc. a new Disney Asian Pacific subsidiary, by 1997, Imagineers were in several buildings in Grand Central Business Park when Disney purchased the park. In September 1999, Disney Imagineering announced the Grand Central Creative Campus redesign of the park with a new office-studio complex anchored by Disney Imagineering. Some of the building were demolished to make way for new buildings, the additional space would be for sound stages, production facilities and offices. Imagineers are governed by a few key principles when developing new concepts, often, new concepts and improvements are created to fulfill specific needs. Many solutions to problems are designed in this way, such as the vehicle of the attraction Soarin Over California. An Imagineer found an Erector set in his attic, and was able to envision, Imagineers are also known for returning to ideas for attractions and shows that, for whatever reason, never came to fruition. These ideas are often reworked and appear in a different form – like the Museum of the Weird, finally, there is the principle of blue sky speculation, a process where Imagineers generate ideas with no limitations. The custom at Imagineering has been to start the process with what is referred to as eyewash--the boldest, wildest, best idea one can come up with. Many Imagineers consider this to be the beginning of the design process and operate under the notion that if it can be dreamt. Imagineers are always seeking to improve upon their work--what Walt Disney called plussing and he firmly believed that Disneyland will never be completed as long as theres imagination left in the world, meaning there is always room for innovation and improvement. During an Imagineering workshop in 1991, Marty Sklar presented ten commandments attributed to Mickey Steinberg, WDI is responsible for technological advances such as the Circle-Vision 360° film technique and the FastPass virtual queuing system. The idea sprang from Disney’s fascination with a bird he purchased in New Orleans
35.
Wonders of Life
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The Wonders of Life pavilion was an attraction at Epcot at Walt Disney World in Lake Buena Vista, Florida. It was devoted to health and body related attractions and it is located inside a golden colored dome between Mission, SPACE and the Universe of Energy. It opened on October 19,1989, and closed on January 1,2007, since that time, the pavilion has been used for seasonal special events. The original attractions within the building have been closed and partially removed, the idea of a pavilion devoted to health and fitness dates back to the original concept of the EPCOT Center theme park, but no corporate sponsor could be found to cover the costs. It was not until MetLife signed on that the pavilion was finally constructed, also featured was a theater, restaurant and interactive attractions that evolved around the idea of health and wellness. MetLife ended its sponsorship in 2001, which led to the decline of the pavilion. On January 4,2004, Disney made the decision to make it seasonal operation only and it reopened when the park was projected to hit near capacity during the high spring months and Christmas season. Its most recent operational phase was November 26,2006, through January 1,2007, in 2007, the pavilion closed permanently, with no official reason given. While it is not operational to the public, it is commonly used for private and corporate events. In 2007, temporary walls were placed around the existing attractions when Epcot hosted the Food, the Body Wars sign was removed in 2008, replaced by a temporary Garden Town sign while the imprints of the Body Wars sign left on the wall were painted over. By 2009 Body Wars was gone without a trace, the Celebrate the Joy of Life sign was removed following in 2009, while most of the exhibits left were removed. The pavilion also received a paint job inside using mute colors such as white, the pavilion is open seasonally as the center for the Epcot Flower and Garden Festival and the Epcot International Food & Wine Festival as the Festival Center. For these events, it hosts seminars, videos, presentations and it is used as a central merchandise location during the two festivals as well. All attractions are shut down and their signs have been removed, as of November 2014, the Body Wars ride simulators have been dismantled. The queue line still exists, but most of the lighting, as of 2017, Cranium Command has had its queue line, pre-show and post-show gutted, but the theatre - including the animatronics, lighting, seats, and staging area - remains intact under scaffolding. The theater that was used for The Making of Me is still used for various movies, the notice came a few weeks prior to the theme park’s 30th anniversary. At this time the structure for Body Wars was torn down, leaving the empty simulator bays, Cranium Command - A theater show with audio-animatronic actors and a movie. The show explained the functions of the brain and its interaction with the human body, frontiers of Medicine - Listen to stories about medicine and the brain on small televisions, directed by New Wolf Creative
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The Land (Epcot)
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It opened on October 1,1982, as part of the Phase I features for the grand opening of what was then known as EPCOT Center. The Land is a 24 hectare facility dedicated to human interaction with the land itself and it explores how humans can both use the land for their benefit, and how they can also destroy it. Future Technology in better preserving the land is explored in the pavilion. While The Land pavilion has existed since 1982, it has gone through three significant phases, the pavilions first incarnation involved a ten-year sponsorship under Kraft Foods Inc. from 1982–1992. Kraft played a role in co-financing the everyday functions of the attractions, restaurants. The pavilions interior and exterior design featured earth tone colors and exotic plant life, in 1993, plans were made to update and modernize the overall tone of EPCOT Center, including a major refurbishment of The Land pavilion. Kraft withdrew its sponsorship on September 26,1993, with Nestle taking its place, co-financed by Nestle and the Walt Disney World Resort, a gradual refurbishment of the pavilion began on September 27,1993. The pavilion itself was cosmetically freshened, while some of the original design elements remained, the addition of more vibrant colors and fabrics to the various restaurants and shops gave the pavilion a more modern and refreshed look. The names of shops, restaurants, and attractions also changed during this time. The Kitchen Kabaret Revue, another of the original attractions featuring an Audio-Animatronics presentation about nutrition. Food Rocks has since closed down to room for The Lands newest attraction. Symbiosis, the last of The Lands three original attractions, was closed on January 1,1995. In 2003, Nestle renewed its sponsorship of The Land, however, between 2004 and 2005, the pavilion underwent its second major refurbishment. It received a new color scheme featuring a vibrant selection of white, yellow, new foliage was added to complement the existing greenery. The walkways and stroller parking to the entrance were redefined and widened. All of the carpeting in the pavilion was replaced, and the food court was completely redesigned. The pavilions signage was updated, incorporating the new scheme, new typography. The pavilions original dedication plaque remained unchanged, the most significant change to The Land during its 2004–2005 refurbishment was the closure and entire demolition of Food Rocks, which initially occurred on January 3,2004
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Imagination! (Epcot)
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Imagination. is a pavilion on the western side of Future World, one of two themed areas of Epcot, a theme park at the Walt Disney World Resort in Bay Lake, Florida. Kodak was the title sponsor of the pavilion. While the pavilion itself has existed since 1982, it has gone through three significant phases, the original started out as an area in which the 3-D film Magic Journeys was played with a song by the same name by the Sherman Brothers. The Makin Memories slide presentation, a history of photography was the pre-show presentation, when Journey Into Imagination opened a year later, the area was dubbed the Journey Into Imagination Pavilion. From 1983 to 1986 it held Journey Into Imagination, the ImageWorks, in 1986, however, Magic Journeys was replaced by Captain EO, a more advanced 3-D film created by George Lucas and starring Michael Jackson as the title character. In 1994, Captain EO was replaced by Honey, I Shrunk the Audience, starring Rick Moranis as Professor Wayne Szalinski and Eric Idle as the Imagination Institute chairman, in 1998, the original Journey Into Imagination went down for renovation. During this renovation, the upstairs ImageWorks was closed and the purple and blue painting exterior was replaced with different colors. The original glass sign was replaced by one made of wood, the leap frog fountains were reduced in size to accommodate the new gift shop at the exit of the new Journey Into Your Imagination. Fans were upset that Dreamfinder, a character from the previous ride, was gone. Furthermore, Figment, another character, only made cameo appearances until his short dialogue at the end of the ride. By the end of 2001, Disney closed the ride and modified the attraction, bringing Figment back into a prominent role. Figments place is now unlabeled, but the décor inside is still visible through the windows, following the death of Michael Jackson on June 25,2009, Disney officials mulled over the possible return of Captain EO. In February 2010, the film, now retitled Captain EO Tribute, on July 2,2010, Captain EO returned to the Imagination. Pavilion for a run, replacing Honey, I Shrunk the Audience. In August 2010, Kodak, who had sponsored the pavilion since it opened, ended its sponsorship after nearly 28 years, in June 2016 the old upstairs portion of the Imagination Pavilion reopened as a lounge for Disney Vacation Club members
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Leo the Lion (MGM)
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Since 1916, there have been seven different lions used for the MGM logo. Although MGM has referred to all of the used in their trademark as Leo the Lion, only the current lion. Slats, trained by Volney Phifer, was the first lion used for the newly formed studio, born at the Dublin Zoo on March 20,1919 and originally named Cairbre, Slats was used on all black-and-white MGM films between 1924 and 1928. The original logo was designed by Howard Dietz and used by the Goldwyn Pictures Corporation studio from 1916 to 1924, Goldwyn Pictures was ultimately absorbed into the partnership that formed MGM, and the first MGM film that used the logo was He Who Gets Slapped. Ironically, unlike his successors, Slats did nothing but look around in the logo, Slats died in 1936, however, his hide is currently on display at the McPherson Museum in McPherson, Kansas. Jackie, trained by Mel Koontz, was the lion used for the MGM logo. He was the first MGM lion to roar, which was first heard via a record for MGMs first production with sound. Jackie appeared on all black-and-white MGM films from 1928 to 1956, Jackie died on February 26,1952. He would later make a comeback at the beginning of the film Hearts of the West, in the early 1930s, MGM reissued some of its earlier, pre-1928 silent films with soundtracks containing recorded music and sound effects. Among the films reissued in this manner were Greed, Ben-Hur and Flesh, for these sound reissues, Slats was plastered over by Jackie, causing some film authorities to assume that the lion had been in use before 1928. In addition to appearing in the MGM logo, Jackie appeared in over a hundred films, Jackie also appeared with an apprehensive Greta Garbo in a well-known 1926 publicity still. The lion is known for surviving several accidents, giving him the nickname Leo the Lucky. For the films Westward the Women and The Next Voice You Hear, a still frame of the logo -- sans growling—was used at the beginning. MGM began experiments with two-strip color short subjects in 1928 and animated cartoons in 1930, for these productions, two different lions were used. The first lion, Telly, appeared on all color MGM movies between 1928 and 1932, the second lion, Coffee, appeared on color films between 1932 and 1934, until production was switched to full three-strip Technicolor filming. The Cat and the Fiddle had brief color sequences, but was otherwise in black-and-white, an extended version of the logo featuring Coffee appears at the beginning of the short Wild People, featuring the lion roaring three times, rather than just twice. Also, a version of the logo featuring Telly appeared at the beginning of the film The Viking, featuring the lion roaring/growling three times, rather than twice. MGM began producing full three-strip Technicolor films in 1934, Tanner, also trained by Mel Koontz, was used on all Technicolor MGM films and cartoons, replacing Telly and Coffee
39.
Studio Backlot Tour
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The Studio Backlot Tour was a theme park attraction at Disneys Hollywood Studios theme park at the Walt Disney World Resort in Lake Buena Vista, Florida. It was a combination of a walking and tram tour of the area of the park. Originally the parks premier attraction, it shut down in the fall of 2014, after years of downscaling, in August 2015, it was announced that the area would be used for Star Wars Land and Toy Story Land. The entire attraction has now been demolished, the first incarnation of the Backlot Tour loaded at the former entrance to The Magic of Disney Animation. The original tour was far longer and more elaborate than the final version, the former tour originally drove through New York Street/Streets of America. However, due to the popularity of the park, New York Street was removed from the tour. It remained open to pedestrians until April 2,2016 when Streets of America closed, after driving through New York Street, the tram drove to Catastrophe Canyon. After visiting the canyon, guests disembarked at the final tours exit area, the area where Studio Catering Co. restaurant & the adjacent shop stood until Streets of America closed was originally a break area for guests before embarking on the second half of the Backlot tour. This break area was expanded to include an area for kids to play, called Honey, I Shrunk the Kids, the second half of the tour was a walking tour. Guests viewed the soundstages using overhead walkways, portions of the walkway can still be seen in the park. Most noticeably, by the most recent Backlot Tour entrance and by the former The Legend of Captain Jack Sparrow entrance, just like New York Street, due to the overwhelming popularity of Disneys Hollywood Studios, former Backlot areas were opened up to guests. Much of the former walking portion of the Backlot Tour became its own attraction, Backstage Pass and this greatly reduced the overall Tour time. In 2001, Backstage Pass was closed, in April 2001, Soundstage 3 opened to the public to house Who Wants To Be A Millionaire - Play It. and was closed in 2006. In 2008, Soundstage 3 and the adjacent Soundstage 2 were converted into the Toy Story Midway Mania, Soundstage 1 previously housed a gift shop for Star Wars Weekends. In the summer of 2014, it housed Wandering Oakens Trading Post, currently, it houses the third track to the popularToy Story Midway Mania. The adjacent building, an enclosed area and theater, housed for many years an attraction called The Making of ______. When the walking tour was removed from the Backlot Tour, this became a separate attraction, in 2001, the space was converted into Walt Disney, One Mans Dream. Originally the display area of the building emptied into the theater currently occupied by Voyage of The Little Mermaid, within months of the parks opening, the theater became a separate venue from the walking tour portion of the Backlot Tour
40.
MGM Grand Las Vegas
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The MGM Grand Las Vegas is a hotel and casino located on the Las Vegas Strip in Paradise, Nevada. The MGM Grand is the largest single hotel in the United States with 5,124 rooms and it is also the third-largest hotel complex in the world by number of rooms and second-largest hotel resort complex in the United States behind the combined The Venetian and The Palazzo. When it opened in 1993, the MGM Grand was the largest hotel complex in the world, owned and operated by MGM Resorts International, the 30-floor main building is 293 ft high. The property includes five outdoor pools, rivers, and waterfalls that cover 6.6 acres, a 380,000 sq ft convention center, the MGM Grand Garden Arena, and the Grand Spa. Instead, the MGM Grand is linked by pedestrian bridges to its neighboring casinos, to the south across Tropicana Avenue, the Tropicana. The property was originally the site of the Golf Club Motel during the 1960s, in 1972, Tom Wiesner co-founded Southwest Securities Development Company, and later founded Wiesner Investment Company. Southwest planned to renovate the structure and add a 14-story addition with 518 rooms. Fred Harvey Company would serve as the operator of the hotel, its restaurants, Fred Harvey had previously opened hotels in other parts of the United States under the Airport Marina name. Southwest also planned to construct a 28,400 sq ft casino that would operate separately from Fred Harvey, the 700-room Marina, located at 3805 South Las Vegas Boulevard, was built by Wiesner Investment Company and was opened in 1975. Kerkorian saw the Marina as a stable and solidly built resort, and decided not to destroy the hotel, during that time, the Marina was known as the MGM-Marina Hotel. The Marina closed on November 30,1990, and ground was broken for the new hotel complex on October 7,1991. The Marina hotel building still exists as the west wing of the hotel building. When the latest MGM Grand opened on December 18,1993, at that time it had an extensive Wizard of Oz theme, including the green Emerald City color of the building and the decorative use of Wizard of Oz memorabilia. After entering the main entrance, one would find themselves in the Oz Casino facing Emerald City. Dorothy, the Scarecrow, the Tin Man, and the Cowardly Lion were seen in front of the city and it would end at the door of the city, leading inside for a performance of The Wizards Secrets. When MGM Grand began its refurbishment in 1996, the Oz Casino was the first to go. The Emerald City was completely demolished, and the Emerald City Gift Shop was moved to a new shopping section of the casino, the store remained open until early 2003. Originally, the entrance on the Strip was inside the mouth of a giant cartoon-like version of MGMs logo, Leo the Lion
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Las Vegas
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The city anchors the Las Vegas Valley metropolitan area and is the largest city within the greater Mojave Desert. Las Vegas is an internationally renowned major resort city known primarily for its gambling, shopping, fine dining, entertainment and it is the leading financial, commercial, and cultural center for Nevada. The city bills itself as The Entertainment Capital of the World and it is a top three destination in the United States for business conventions and a global leader in the hospitality industry, claiming more AAA Five Diamond hotels than any city in the world. Today, Las Vegas annually ranks as one of the worlds most visited tourist destinations. The citys tolerance for numerous forms of adult entertainment earned it the title of Sin City, and has made Las Vegas a popular setting for literature, films, television programs, Las Vegas was settled in 1905 and officially incorporated in 1911. At the close of the 20th century, it was the most populated American city founded within that century, population growth has accelerated since the 1960s, and between 1990 and 2000 the population nearly doubled, increasing by 85. 2%. Rapid growth has continued into the 21st century, and according to a 2013 estimate, perhaps the earliest visitors to the Las Vegas area were nomadic Paleo-Indians, who traveled there 10,000 years ago, leaving behind petroglyphs. Anasazi and Paiute tribes followed at least 2,000 years ago, a young Mexican scout named Rafael Rivera is credited as the first non-Native American to encounter the valley, in 1829. Trader Antonio Armijo led a 60-man party along the Spanish Trail to Los Angeles, the area was named Las Vegas, which is Spanish for the meadows, as it featured abundant wild grasses, as well as desert spring waters for westward travelers. The year 1844 marked the arrival of John C, frémont, whose writings helped lure pioneers to the area. Downtown Las Vegas Fremont Street is named after him, eleven years later members of the LDS Church chose Las Vegas as the site to build a fort halfway between Salt Lake City and Los Angeles, where they would travel to gather supplies. The fort was abandoned several years afterward, the remainder of this Old Mormon Fort can still be seen at the intersection of Las Vegas Boulevard and Washington Avenue. Las Vegas was founded as a city in 1905, when 110 acres of adjacent to the Union Pacific Railroad tracks were auctioned in what would become the downtown area. In 1911, Las Vegas was incorporated as a city,1931 was a pivotal year for Las Vegas. At that time, Nevada legalized casino gambling and reduced residency requirements for divorce to six weeks and this year also witnessed the beginning of construction on nearby Hoover Dam. The influx of workers and their families helped Las Vegas avoid economic calamity during the Great Depression. The construction work was completed in 1935, in 1941, the Las Vegas Army Air Corps Gunnery School was established. Currently known as Nellis Air Force Base, it is home to the team called the Thunderbirds
42.
Beauty and the Beast (1991 film)
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Beauty and the Beast is a 1991 American animated musical romantic fantasy film produced by Walt Disney Feature Animation and released by Walt Disney Pictures. To become a prince again, Beast must win her love in return, otherwise, he will remain a monster forever. The film also features the voices of Richard White, Jerry Orbach, David Ogden Stiers, Walt Disney first attempted unsuccessfully to adapt Beauty and the Beast into an animated film during the 1930s and 1950s. Following the success of The Little Mermaid, Walt Disney Pictures decided to adapt the fairy tale, Disney chairman Jeffrey Katzenberg eventually dismissed Purdums idea and ordered that the film be a musical similar to The Little Mermaid instead. The film was directed by Gary Trousdale and Kirk Wise, with a screenplay by Linda Woolverton story first credited to Roger Allers, lyricist Howard Ashman and composer Alan Menken wrote the films songs. Ashman, who served as the films executive producer, died of AIDS-related complications eight months before the films release. The film was a box office success, grossing $425 million worldwide and it won the Academy Award for Best Original Score and Best Original Song for its title song. In April 1994, Beauty and the Beast became Disneys first animated film to be adapted into a Broadway musical, the success of the film spawned two direct-to-video follow-ups, Beauty and the Beast, The Enchanted Christmas and Belles Magical World. This was followed by a television series, Sing Me a Story with Belle. An IMAX version was released in 2002 that included Human Again, after the success of the 3D re-release of The Lion King, the film was reissued in 3D in 2012. In 2002, the film was selected for preservation in the National Film Registry by the Library of Congress for being culturally, historically, a live-action remake of the film was released on March 17,2017. Somewhere in France, an enchantress, disguised as an old beggar, offers an enchanted rose to a prince in exchange for shelter in his castle from the bitter cold. For his callousness, the enchantress transforms him into a beast to match his character and she gives him a magic mirror that enables him to view faraway events, along with the rose. To break the spell, the prince must learn to love another, if he fails, he will remain a beast forever. Ten years later, a woman, Belle, is bored of her village life. Because of her nonconformist ideals, she is ridiculed by everyone except her father Maurice, the bookseller. Despite being popular with the townsfolk, Gaston is determined to marry Belle, Maurice and his horse Phillipe get lost in the forest while traveling to a fair to present his newest invention, a wood-chopping machine. When Phillipe abandons Maurice, he comes across the Beasts castle, inside, he meets Lumière the candlestick, Cogsworth the clock, Mrs. Potts the teapot, and her son Chip the teacup
43.
Aladdin (1992 Disney film)
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Aladdin is a 1992 American animated musical fantasy film produced by Walt Disney Feature Animation and released by Walt Disney Pictures. Aladdin is the 31st Disney animated feature film, and was part of the Disney film era known as the Disney Renaissance. The film was directed by John Musker and Ron Clements, and is based on the Arab-style folktale Aladdin, the voice cast features Scott Weinger, Robin Williams, Linda Larkin, Jonathan Freeman, Frank Welker, Gilbert Gottfried, and Douglas Seale. Lyricist Howard Ashman first pitched the idea, and the screenplay went through three drafts before then-Disney Studios president Jeffrey Katzenberg agreed to its production. The animators based their designs on the work of caricaturist Al Hirschfeld, the musical score was written by Alan Menken and features six songs with lyrics written by both Ashman and Tim Rice, who took over after Ashmans death. Aladdin was released on November 25,1992 and was the most successful film of 1992, earning over $217 million in revenue in the United States, the film also won many awards, most of them for its soundtrack. A peddler sets up shop in the sultanate of Agrabah. Jafar, the Grand Vizier of the Sultan, and his parrot Iago, Jafar identifies a street urchin named Aladdin as worthy. Aladdin and his pet monkey, Abu, cross paths with Princess Jasmine, Aladdin and Jasmine become friends and fall in love, but Jafar has Aladdin apprehended, tricking Jasmine into thinking that he has been decapitated. Disguised as an old man, Jafar frees Aladdin and Abu, taking them to the Cave, inside, Aladdin befriends a magic carpet. Abu greedily tries to steal a jewel, despite the Cave’s warning, trapped in the Cave, Aladdin rubs the lamp, releasing Genie, who was trapped inside. Genie explains that Aladdin has become his master and he will grant him three wishes, Aladdin tricks the Genie into freeing them from the Cave without utilizing a wish, and then uses his first to become a prince to be near Jasmine. Jafar, on Iago’s suggestion, plots to become Sultan by marrying Jasmine, Aladdin parades into the city as “Prince Ali of Ababwa. ”However, Jasmine is unimpressed with Aladdin’s bravado. Despite his friends advising him to tell Jasmine the truth, Aladdin refuses, believing she would never fall “for some street rat. ”He takes Jasmine on a flight on the magic carpet, where she deduces his identity, though Aladdin convinces her that he dresses as a peasant to escape the stresses of royal life. Aladdin returns Jasmine home, only to be attacked by the guards on Jafar’s orders and nearly drowned. Jafar tries to hypnotize the Sultan into agreeing to his marriage to Jasmine, only for Aladdin to appear, Jafar flees, but notices Aladdin has the lamp, realizing who he is. Learning he will become Sultan, Aladdin has second thoughts about freeing the Genie, believing that without him, Iago steals the lamp, and Jafar becomes the Genie’s new master. Jafar orders the Genie to brainwash Jasmine into falling in love with him, Jasmine feigns interest to distract Jafar and allow Aladdin to get the lamp, but he is cornered
44.
The Lion King
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The Lion King is a 1994 American animated epic musical film, produced by Walt Disney Feature Animation and released by Walt Disney Pictures. It is the 32nd Disney animated feature film, the story takes place in a kingdom of lions in Africa and was influenced by William Shakespeares Hamlet. The film was produced during a known as the Disney Renaissance. The Lion King was directed by Roger Allers and Rob Minkoff, produced by Don Hahn, and has a screenplay credited to Irene Mecchi, Jonathan Roberts and its original songs were written by composer Elton John and lyricist Tim Rice, and original scores were written by Hans Zimmer. Development of The Lion King began in 1988 during a meeting between Jeffrey Katzenberg, Roy E. Disney, and Peter Schneider while promoting Oliver & Company in Europe. Thomas Disch wrote a treatment, and Woolverton developed the first scripts while George Scribner was signed on as director. Production began in 1991 concurrently with Pocahontas, which wound up attracting most of Disneys top animators, when Hahn joined the project, he was dissatisfied with the script and the story was promptly rewritten. Nearly 20 minutes of animation sequences were produced at Disney-MGM Studios in Florida, computer animation was also used in several scenes, most notably in the wildebeest stampede sequence. The Lion King garnered two Academy Awards for its achievement in music and the Golden Globe Award for Best Motion Picture – Musical or Comedy. In 2016, the film was selected for preservation in the United States National Film Registry by the Library of Congress as being culturally, historically, in the Pride Lands of Africa, a lion rules over the animal kingdom from Pride Rock. King Mufasas newborn son, Simba, is presented to the animals by Rafiki. Mufasa shows young Simba the Pride Lands and explains to him the responsibilities of kingship, Mufasas younger brother, Scar, covets the throne and plots to eliminate Mufasa and Simba so he may become king. He tricks Simba and his best friend Nala—to whom Simba is betrothed—into exploring a forbidden elephants graveyard, Mufasa is alerted to the danger by his majordomo, the hornbill Zazu, and rescues the cubs. Though angry with Simba, Mufasa forgives him and explains that the kings of the past watch over them from the night sky. Scar sets a trap for his brother and nephew, luring Simba into a gorge and he informs Mufasa of Simbas peril, knowing the king will rush to save his son. Mufasa saves Simba but ends up hanging perilously from the edge and is betrayed by Scar. Scar convinces Simba that the tragedy was Simbas own fault and advises him to flee the kingdom and he orders the hyenas to kill the cub, but Simba escapes. Scar tells the pride that both Mufasa and Simba were killed in the stampede and steps forward as the new king, allowing a large pack of hyenas to live in the Pride Lands
45.
Mulan (1998 film)
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Mulan is a 1998 American animated musical action-comedy-drama film produced by Walt Disney Feature Animation based on the Chinese legend of Hua Mulan. Disneys 36th animated feature, it was directed by Tony Bancroft and Barry Cook, san Souci and screenplay by Rita Hsiao, Philip LaZebnik, Chris Sanders, Eugenia Bostwick-Singer, and Raymond Singer. Ming-Na, Eddie Murphy, Miguel Ferrer and B. D. Wong star in the English version, released during the Disney Renaissance, Mulan was the first of three features produced primarily at the Disney animation studio at Disney-MGM Studios in Orlando, Florida. Development for the film began in 1994, when a number of artistic supervisors were sent to China to receive artistic and cultural inspiration. Mulan was well received by critics and the public, grossing $304 million, earning Golden Globe and Academy Award nominations, a 2004 direct-to-video sequel, Mulan II, followed. After the Huns, led by the ruthless Shan Yu, invade Han China, conscription notices require one man from each family to join the Chinese army. When Fa Mulan hears that her elderly father Fa Zhou, the man in their family. Taking her fathers old armor she disguises herself as a man so that she can enlist instead of her parent, the anxious family quickly learn of her departure and Grandmother Fa prays to the family ancestors for Mulans safety. The ancestors then order their Great Stone Dragon to protect Mulan, Mushu, a small dragon, is sent to awaken the Stone Dragon, but accidentally destroys it in the process. Mushu conceals this from the ancestors and resolves to protect Mulan himself, reporting to the training camp Mulan is able to pass as a man, although her military skills are initially poor. Mushu provides clumsy guidance in how to behave as a man, under the command of Captain Li Shang, she and her fellow recruits Yao, Ling and Chien-Po, gradually become trained warriors. Mushu, desiring to see Mulan succeed, creates an order from Shangs father, General Li. The reinforcements set out but arrive at an encampment and discover that General Li. As they solemnly leave the mountains, they are ambushed by the Huns, an enraged Shan Yu slashes her in the chest, and her deception is revealed when the wound is bandaged. Instead of executing Mulan as the law requires, Shang spares her life, Mulan is left to follow alone as the recruits depart for the Imperial City to report the news of the Huns destruction. However it is revealed that several Hun warriors including Shan Yu have survived the avalanche, at the Imperial City, Mulan is unable to convince Shang about Shan Yus intentions. The Huns capture the Emperor, then seize the palace, with Mulans help, Yao, Ling, and Chien-Po pose as concubines and are able to enter the palace. With the help of Shang, they defeat Shan Yus men, as Shang prevents Shan Yu from assassinating the Emperor, Mulan lures the Hun leader onto the roof where she engages him in solo combat
46.
Lilo & Stitch
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Lilo & Stitch is a 2002 American animated science fiction comedy-drama film produced by Walt Disney Feature Animation and released by Walt Disney Pictures. It was the second of three Disney animated features produced primarily at the Florida animation studio located at Disneys Hollywood Studios in Walt Disney World near Orlando, the success of the film eventually started a franchise, a direct-to-video sequel, Stitch. The Movie, was released on August 26,2003 and this was followed by a television series, Lilo & Stitch, The Series, which ran from September 20,2003 to July 29,2006. A second direct-to-video sequel, Lilo & Stitch 2, Stitch Has a Glitch, was released on August 30,2005, a third sequel, a television film titled Leroy & Stitch, was released on June 23,2006, as the conclusion to the TV series. An anime that succeeded Lilo & Stitch, The Series, Stitch, ran in Japan from October 8,2008 to June 19,2011, with TV specials broadcast in 2012 and 2015. A Chinese animated series succeeding the Stitch, anime, Stitch & Ai, debuted on March 27,2017. Other animation studios produced the films and series, Stitch. The Movie, Lilo & Stitch, The Series and Leroy & Stitch were produced by Walt Disney Television Animation, Stitch Has a Glitch was produced by DisneyToon Studios, Dr. However, Jumba is imprisoned while Experiment 626 is supposed to be exiled on a desert asteroid. 626 manages to escape in a spaceship and activates the hyperdrive, causing its guidance systems to malfunction, the Grand Councilwoman dispatches Jumba and Agent Pleakley, the Councils Earth expert, to the planet to have 626 captured discreetly. 626 lands on the Hawaiian island of Kauaʻi, only to be knocked unconscious by a passing truck, on Kauaʻi, a young woman named Nani has been struggling to take care of her rambunctious younger sister, Lilo. A social worker named Cobra Bubbles expresses increasing concern that Nani has not been able to take care of Lilo. Nani is confused and disgusted by the dog and questions Lilos decision, Lilo names 626 Stitch and shows him around the island. As Nani attempts to find a job, Lilo tries educating Stitch about Elvis Presley. In spite of this, Stitchs antics, including foiling Jumba and Pleakleys attempts to capture him, Nanis friend, David, invites Nani and Lilo to take a break and enjoy a day of surfing. While Nani, Lilo and Stitch ride on a wave, Jumba makes one final effort to capture Stitch from underwater, causing Nani to wipe out. Although everyone gets safely to shore, Cobra witnesses this event, telling Nani that although she means well. After seeing how much trouble he has caused, Stitch leaves, meanwhile, the Councilwoman relieves Jumba and Pleakley of their assignment, freeing Jumba to pursue Stitch using less covert methods. The next morning, David tells Nani of a job opportunity, Stitch, hiding in the nearby woods, encounters Jumba, who chases Stitch back to Lilos house
