1.
Animation
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Animation is the process of making the illusion of motion and the illusion of change by means of the rapid display of a sequence of images that minimally differ from each other. The illusion—as in motion pictures in general—is thought to rely on the phi phenomenon, animators are artists who specialize in the creation of animation. Animation can be recorded with either analogue media, a book, motion picture film, video tape, digital media, including formats with animated GIF, Flash animation. To display animation, a camera, computer, or projector are used along with new technologies that are produced. Animation creation methods include the traditional animation creation method and those involving stop motion animation of two and three-dimensional objects, paper cutouts, puppets and clay figures, Images are displayed in a rapid succession, usually 24,25,30, or 60 frames per second. Computer animation processes generating animated images with the general term computer-generated imagery, 3D animation uses computer graphics, while 2D animation is used for stylistic, low bandwidth and faster real-time renderings. An earthen goblet discovered at the site of the 5, 200-year-old Shahr-e Sūkhté in southeastern Iran, the artifact bears five sequential images depicting a Persian Desert Ibex jumping up to eat the leaves of a tree. They may, of course, refer to Chinese shadow puppets, in the 19th century, the phenakistoscope, zoetrope and praxinoscope were introduced. A thaumatrope is a toy with a small disk with different pictures on each side. The phenakistoscope was invented simultaneously by Belgian Joseph Plateau and Austrian Simon von Stampfer in 1831, the phenakistoscope consists of a disk with a series of images, drawn on radi evenly space around the center of the disk. John Barnes Linnett patented the first flip book in 1868 as the kineograph, the first animated projection was created in France, by Charles-Émile Reynaud, who was a French science teacher. Reynaud created the Praxinoscope in 1877 and the Théâtre Optique in December 1888, on 28 October 1892, he projected the first animation in public, Pauvre Pierrot, at the Musée Grévin in Paris. This film is notable as the first known instance of film perforations being used. His films were not photographed, they were drawn directly onto the transparent strip, in 1900, more than 500,000 people had attended these screenings. Stuart Blackton, who, because of that, is considered the father of American animation, in Europe, the French artist, Émile Cohl, created the first animated film using what came to be known as traditional animation creation methods - the 1908 Fantasmagorie. The film largely consisted of a figure moving about and encountering all manner of morphing objects. There were also sections of live action in which the hands would enter the scene. The film was created by drawing each frame on paper and then shooting each frame onto negative film, the author of the first puppet-animated film was the Russian-born director Wladyslaw Starewicz, known as Ladislas Starevich
Animation
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A
phenakistoscope disc by
Eadweard Muybridge (1893)
Animation
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The bouncing ball animation (below) consists of these six frames.
Animation
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A clay animation scene from a
Finnish television commercial
Animation
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Toy Story zoetrope at
Disney California Adventure creates illusion of motion using figures, rather than static pictures.
2.
Television industry
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Television or TV is a telecommunication medium used for transmitting moving images in monochrome, or in color, and in two or three dimensions and sound. The term can refer to a set, a television program. Television is a medium for entertainment, education, news, politics, gossip. Television became available in experimental forms in the late 1920s. After World War II, a form of black-and-white TV broadcasting became popular in the United States and Britain, and television sets became commonplace in homes, businesses. During the 1950s, television was the medium for influencing public opinion. In the mid-1960s, color broadcasting was introduced in the US, for many reasons, the storage of television and video programming now occurs on the cloud. At the end of the first decade of the 2000s, digital television transmissions greatly increased in popularity, another development was the move from standard-definition television to high-definition television, which provides a resolution that is substantially higher. HDTV may be transmitted in various formats, 1080p, 1080i, in 2013, 79% of the worlds households owned a television set. Most TV sets sold in the 2000s were flat-panel, mainly LEDs, major manufacturers announced the discontinuation of CRT, DLP, plasma, and even fluorescent-backlit LCDs by the mid-2010s. In the near future, LEDs are gradually expected to be replaced by OLEDs, also, major manufacturers have announced that they will increasingly produce smart TVs in the mid-2010s. Smart TVs with integrated Internet and Web 2.0 functions became the dominant form of television by the late 2010s, Television signals were initially distributed only as terrestrial television using high-powered radio-frequency transmitters to broadcast the signal to individual television receivers. Alternatively television signals are distributed by cable or optical fiber, satellite systems and. Until the early 2000s, these were transmitted as analog signals, a standard television set is composed of multiple internal electronic circuits, including a tuner for receiving and decoding broadcast signals. A visual display device which lacks a tuner is correctly called a video monitor rather than a television, the word television comes from Ancient Greek τῆλε, meaning far, and Latin visio, meaning sight. The Anglicised version of the term is first attested in 1907 and it was. formed in English or borrowed from French télévision. In the 19th century and early 20th century, other. proposals for the name of a technology for sending pictures over distance were telephote. The abbreviation TV is from 1948, the use of the term to mean a television set dates from 1941
Television industry
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Flat-screen televisions for sale at a consumer electronics store
Television industry
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The first known photograph of a moving image produced by Baird's "televisor", circa 1926 (The subject is Baird's business partner Oliver Hutchinson)
Television industry
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Vladimir Zworykin demonstrates electronic television (1929)
Television industry
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Ad for the beginning of experimental television broadcasting in New York City by RCA in 1939
3.
Glendale, California
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Glendale /ˈɡlɛndeɪl/ is a city in Los Angeles County, California, United States. Its estimated 2014 population was 200,167, making it the third largest city in Los Angeles County and it is located about 8 miles north of downtown Los Angeles. Glendale lies on the end of the San Fernando Valley, bisected by the Verdugo Mountains. The Golden State, Ventura, Glendale, and Foothill freeways run through the city, Glendale has one of the largest communities of Armenian descent in the United States. In 2013, Glendale was named LAs Neighborhood of the Year by the readers and editors of Curbed. com, Forest Lawn Memorial Park Cemetery contains the remains of many noted celebrities and local residents. Grand Central Airport was the point for the first commercial west-to-east transcontinental flight flown by Charles Lindbergh. The area was inhabited by the Tongva people, who were later renamed the Gabrieleños by the Spanish missionaries. Rancho San Rafael was a Spanish concession, of which 25 were made in California, unlike the later Mexican land grants, the concessions were similar to grazing permits, with the title remaining with the Spanish crown. In 1860, his grandson Teodoro Verdugo built the Verdugo Adobe, the property is the location of the Oak of Peace, where early Californio leaders including Pio Pico met in 1847 and decided to surrender to Lieutenant Colonel John C. Verdugos descendants sold the ranch in various parcels, some of which are included in present-day Atwater Village, Eagle Rock, in 1884, residents gathered to form a townsite and chose the name Glendale. Residents to the southwest formed Tropico in 1887, the Pacific Electric Railway brought streetcar service in 1904. Glendale incorporated in 1906, and annexed Tropico 12 years later, Brand loved to fly, and built a private airstrip in 1919 and hosted fly-in parties, providing a direct link to the soon-to-be-built nearby Grand Central Airport. The grounds of El Miradero are now city-owned Brand Park and the mansion is the Brand Library, Brand partnered with Henry E. Huntington to bring the Pacific Electric Railway, or the Red Cars, to the area. Today, he is memorialized by one of the main thoroughfares. The citys population rose from 13,756 in 1920 to 62,736 in 1930, the Forest Lawn Cemetery opened in 1906 and was renamed Forest Lawn Memorial-Park in 1917. Pioneering endocrinologist and entrepreneur Henry R. Harrower opened his clinic in Glendale in 1920, the American Green Cross, an early conservation and tree preservation society, was formed in 1926. In 1964, Glendale was selected by George Lincoln Rockwell to be the West Coast headquarters of the American Nazi Party and its offices, on Colorado Street in the downtown section of the city, remained open until the early 1980s. In 1977 and 1978,10 murdered women were found in, the murders were the work of Kenneth Bianchi and Angelo Buono, the latter of whom resided at 703 East Colorado Street, where most of the murders took place
Glendale, California
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View of Glendale from
Forest Lawn Memorial Park
Glendale, California
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The Glendale area in the 1870s.
Glendale, California
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Glendale, 1910.
Glendale, California
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Looking south on Brand Blvd, 1915.
4.
California
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California is the most populous state in the United States and the third most extensive by area. Located on the western coast of the U. S, California is bordered by the other U. S. states of Oregon, Nevada, and Arizona and shares an international border with the Mexican state of Baja California. Los Angeles is Californias most populous city, and the second largest after New York City. The Los Angeles Area and the San Francisco Bay Area are the nations second- and fifth-most populous urban regions, California also has the nations most populous county, Los Angeles County, and its largest county by area, San Bernardino County. The Central Valley, an agricultural area, dominates the states center. What is now California was first settled by various Native American tribes before being explored by a number of European expeditions during the 16th and 17th centuries, the Spanish Empire then claimed it as part of Alta California in their New Spain colony. The area became a part of Mexico in 1821 following its war for independence. The western portion of Alta California then was organized as the State of California, the California Gold Rush starting in 1848 led to dramatic social and demographic changes, with large-scale emigration from the east and abroad with an accompanying economic boom. If it were a country, California would be the 6th largest economy in the world, fifty-eight percent of the states economy is centered on finance, government, real estate services, technology, and professional, scientific and technical business services. Although it accounts for only 1.5 percent of the states economy, the story of Calafia is recorded in a 1510 work The Adventures of Esplandián, written as a sequel to Amadis de Gaula by Spanish adventure writer Garci Rodríguez de Montalvo. The kingdom of Queen Calafia, according to Montalvo, was said to be a land inhabited by griffins and other strange beasts. This conventional wisdom that California was an island, with maps drawn to reflect this belief, shortened forms of the states name include CA, Cal. Calif. and US-CA. Settled by successive waves of arrivals during the last 10,000 years, various estimates of the native population range from 100,000 to 300,000. The Indigenous peoples of California included more than 70 distinct groups of Native Americans, ranging from large, settled populations living on the coast to groups in the interior. California groups also were diverse in their organization with bands, tribes, villages. Trade, intermarriage and military alliances fostered many social and economic relationships among the diverse groups, the first European effort to explore the coast as far north as the Russian River was a Spanish sailing expedition, led by Portuguese captain Juan Rodríguez Cabrillo, in 1542. Some 37 years later English explorer Francis Drake also explored and claimed a portion of the California coast in 1579. Spanish traders made unintended visits with the Manila galleons on their trips from the Philippines beginning in 1565
California
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A forest of redwood trees in
Redwood National Park
California
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Flag
California
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Mount Shasta
California
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Aerial view of the
California Central Valley
5.
United States
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Forty-eight of the fifty states and the federal district are contiguous and located in North America between Canada and Mexico. The state of Alaska is in the northwest corner of North America, bordered by Canada to the east, the state of Hawaii is an archipelago in the mid-Pacific Ocean. The U. S. territories are scattered about the Pacific Ocean, the geography, climate and wildlife of the country are extremely diverse. At 3.8 million square miles and with over 324 million people, the United States is the worlds third- or fourth-largest country by area, third-largest by land area. It is one of the worlds most ethnically diverse and multicultural nations, paleo-Indians migrated from Asia to the North American mainland at least 15,000 years ago. European colonization began in the 16th century, the United States emerged from 13 British colonies along the East Coast. Numerous disputes between Great Britain and the following the Seven Years War led to the American Revolution. On July 4,1776, during the course of the American Revolutionary War, the war ended in 1783 with recognition of the independence of the United States by Great Britain, representing the first successful war of independence against a European power. The current constitution was adopted in 1788, after the Articles of Confederation, the first ten amendments, collectively named the Bill of Rights, were ratified in 1791 and designed to guarantee many fundamental civil liberties. During the second half of the 19th century, the American Civil War led to the end of slavery in the country. By the end of century, the United States extended into the Pacific Ocean. The Spanish–American War and World War I confirmed the status as a global military power. The end of the Cold War and the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991 left the United States as the sole superpower. The U. S. is a member of the United Nations, World Bank, International Monetary Fund, Organization of American States. The United States is a developed country, with the worlds largest economy by nominal GDP. It ranks highly in several measures of performance, including average wage, human development, per capita GDP. While the U. S. economy is considered post-industrial, characterized by the dominance of services and knowledge economy, the United States is a prominent political and cultural force internationally, and a leader in scientific research and technological innovations. In 1507, the German cartographer Martin Waldseemüller produced a map on which he named the lands of the Western Hemisphere America after the Italian explorer and cartographer Amerigo Vespucci
United States
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Native Americans meeting with Europeans, 1764
United States
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Flag
United States
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The signing of the
Mayflower Compact, 1620.
United States
–
The
Declaration of Independence: the
Committee of Five presenting their draft to the
Second Continental Congress in 1776
6.
Disney Channels Worldwide
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In addition, the subsidiary is responsible for operating Radio Disney, Disney Television Animation and Its a Laugh Productions. Previous corporate names were, Walt Disney Entertainment, Inc, on November 10,1981, Walt Disney Productions and Westinghouse Broadcasting released that they had agreed to start a family-oriented cable television service. In 1982, Disney hired Alan Wagner to develop a cable channel, by July 15,1982, Disney incorporated Walt Disney Entertainment, Inc. which was renamed by January 28,1983 to The Disney Channel, Inc. The channel, The Disney Channel, was launched in April 1983 with 16 hours of programming as a premium channel, the channel became profitable in January 1985,20 months after launch, The channel moved into the home satellite dish market thus scrambling its signal. The channel started moving to the cable level on September 1,1990 with TCI Montgomery Cablevision. In March 1995, the second Disney Channel began broadcasting in Taiwan while the third is launched in October for the United Kingdom, by September 29,1997, the corporate name was shorten to Disney Channel, Inc. Disney had hired Geraldine Laybourne in 1996 away from the Nickelodeon channel she founded for a kids channel codename ABZ that the media speculated to be a pre-school age channel, in December 1997, the Toon Disney channel was announced as a basic channel consisting of Disney classic animation. As of April 1,1998, most of the version are pay channels while Taiwan and Malaysia are ad supported. The Toon Disney Channel was launched on April 18,1998 on the Disney Channels 15 anniversary, in 2000, the Playhouse Disney preschool channel was launched in the United Kingdom, while in the US the Playhouse Disney block was launched on the Disney Channel. In June 2001, Disney was looking into launch Playhouse as channel in the United States in 2002, Disney Channel, Inc. changed its name to ABC Cable Networks Group, Inc. by January 31,2001. In October 2003, ABC Family Worldwide was changed from a Disney COO direct reporting unit to being within the ABC Cable Networks Group, in early 2004, Disney Channel original programming leaders took over ABC Familys original movies unit. ABC1 channel launched on United Kingdom digital terrestrial platform on September 27,2004. In November 2005, Barry Blumberg resigned as President of Walt Disney Television Animation to allow the transfer of the TV animation into Disney Channels Worldwide. In 2006, Disney TV India acquired Hungama TV from UTV Software Communications Limited, Disney Cinemagic began broadcasting in the UK in March 2006 as the start to the launch of several Cinemagic channels including timeshift and HD versions across Western Europe. ABC1 ceased broadcasting on all UK TV platforms at noon on September 26,2007, in Spain, Walt Disney Company Iberia purchased, in February 2008, 20% of Management Company Television Net TV SA. The company announced in late May 2008 the move of Disney Channel to a digital over the air channel replacing NET TVs Fly Music on July 1,2008. Disney XD was launched on February 13,2009, taking over the space of Toon Disney in the US. Jetix Play was closed on August 1,2010 in most countries, on September 1,2010 in Turkey, in the most countries the channel was replaced with Playhouse Disney
Disney Channels Worldwide
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Disney Channel's headquarters in
Burbank, California as it appeared in the 2000s (the logo was later removed instead of replaced with the current logo).
7.
Disney-ABC Television Group
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DBA the Disney–ABC Television Group manages all of The Walt Disney Companys Disney and ABC-branded television properties. The group includes the ABC Television Network, as well as Disneys A&E Television Networks and its 80% controlling stake in ESPN, while holding the controlling stake in ESPN, Disney–ABC and ESPN operate as separate units of Disney Media Networks. The Cable and International Broadcast Group contained ownership shares of ESPN, A&E Television Networks, Lifetime Television and its international investments. These investments included Tele-München, Hamster Productions, ESPN also had international holdings, Eurosport, TV Sport and The Japan Sports Channel. In 1993, DiC Animation City and Capital Cities/ABC formed a joint venture called DIC Entertainment L. P, the international operations of Disney TV International and ABC Cable and International Broadcast Group were merged in June as Disney/ABC International Television. Disney had ABC Group sell various publishing companies in 1997, chilton was sold to Reed Elsevier for $447 million and got $142 million from Euromoney Publications for Institutional Investor. While in April Knight Ridder purchased four newspapers including The Kansas City Star, in August 1999, Fairchild Publications was sold to Conde Nast Publications. In March 1998, Disney-ABC placed it shares of Scandinavian Broadcasting System up for sale, DKN was placed under ABC senior vice president of sales Dan Barnathan and would also work on some ads with Radio Disney, Disney. com and Disney Adventures magazine. DKN added Toon Disney when the channel started accepting ads in September 2000, ABC Group chairman Robert A. Iger was named president and chief operating officer of The Walt Disney Company in January 2000. In 2000, with an investment by Bain Capital and Chase Capital Partners, in October October 2003, ABC Family Worldwide was changed from a Disney COO directly reporting unit to being with in the ABC Cable Networks Group run by Anne Sweeney. This move added ABC TV Network within Disney-ABC, aBC1 channel initially launched in the United Kingdom on September 27,2004 as the first use of the ABC brand outside the US. While ABC News Now was launched that year in the US on digital subchannel of 70 ABC owned & operated and affiliates. In February 2007, Touchstone Television was renamed ABC Television Studio as part of Disneys push to drop secondary brands like Buena Vista for Disney, ABC, ESPN, aBC1 in the UK was shut down on September 26,2007. On January 22,2009, Disney–ABC said it would merge ABC Entertainment and that April, ABC Enterprises took an ownership stake in Hulu in exchange for online distribution license and $25 million in ABC network ad credits. In November, Disney-ABC sells GMTV to ITV for $37 million, in July 2012, NBCUniversal confirmed plans to sell its 15. 8% stake in A+E Networks to Disney. On August 21,2013, Disney–ABC announced it will layoff 175 employees, the layoffs are expected to hit positions among technical operations as well as the units eight local stations. On October 28, ABC News and Univision Communications launched Fusion, in August 2014, A+E took a 10% stake in Vice Media for $250 million, then announced in April 2015 that H2 would be rebrand into the Vice channel with an indicated early 2016 launch. Disney also made direct investment in Vice Media with two investments in November 2015 then a week later in December for about a direct 10% to assist in funding programming
Disney-ABC Television Group
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ABC, Inc.
8.
Disney Media Networks
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The Walt Disney Company, commonly known as Disney, is an American diversified multinational mass media and entertainment conglomerate, headquartered at the Walt Disney Studios in Burbank, California. It is the second largest media conglomerate in terms of revenue. Disney was founded on October 16,1923 – by brothers Walt Disney, the company also operated under the names The Walt Disney Studio and then Walt Disney Productions. Taking on its current name in 1986, it expanded its operations and also started divisions focused upon theater, radio, music, publishing. In addition, Disney has since created corporate divisions in order to more mature content than is typically associated with its flagship family-oriented brands. The company is best known for the products of its studio, Walt Disney Studios. Disneys other three divisions are Walt Disney Parks and Resorts, Disney Media Networks, and Disney Consumer Products. The company has been a component of the Dow Jones Industrial Average since May 6,1991, Mickey Mouse, an early and well-known cartoon creation of the company, is a primary symbol and mascot for Disney. In early 1923, Kansas City, Missouri, animator Walt Disney created a film entitled Alices Wonderland. After the bankruptcy in 1923 of his previous firm, Laugh-O-Gram Studios, Disney moved to Hollywood to join his brother, Walt and Roy Disney formed Disney Brothers Cartoon Studio that same year. More animated films followed after Alice, in January 1926, with the completion of the Disney studio on Hyperion Street, the Disney Brothers Studios name was changed to the Walt Disney Studio. The distributor owned Oswald, so Disney only made a few hundred dollars, Disney completed 26 Oswald shorts before losing the contract in February 1928, due to a legal loophole, when Winklers husband Charles Mintz took over their distribution company. After failing to take over the Disney Studio, Mintz hired away four of Disneys primary animators to start his own animation studio, Snappy Comedies. In 1928, to recover from the loss of Oswald the Lucky Rabbit, Disney came up with the idea of a character named Mortimer while on a train headed to California. The mouse was later renamed Mickey Mouse and starred in several Disney produced films, ub Iwerks refined Disneys initial design of Mickey Mouse. Disneys first sound film Steamboat Willie, a cartoon starring Mickey, was released on November 18,1928 through Pat Powers distribution company and it was the first Mickey Mouse sound cartoon released, but the third to be created, behind Plane Crazy and The Gallopin Gaucho. Disney used Pat Powers Cinephone system, created by Powers using Lee De Forests Phonofilm system, Steamboat Willie premiered at B. S. Mosss Colony Theater in New York City, now The Broadway Theatre. Disneys Plane Crazy and The Galloping Gaucho were then retrofitted with synchronized sound tracks, Disney continued to produce cartoons with Mickey Mouse and other characters, and began the Silly Symphonies series with Columbia Pictures signing on as Symphonies distributor in August 1929
Disney Media Networks
–
The
Walt Disney Studios (corporate headquarters).
Disney Media Networks
–
The Walt Disney Company
Disney Media Networks
–
The building in the Los Angeles neighborhood of Los Feliz which was home to the studio from 1923 to 1926
Disney Media Networks
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Original poster for Flowers and Trees (1932).
9.
The Walt Disney Company
–
The Walt Disney Company, commonly known as Disney, is an American diversified multinational mass media and entertainment conglomerate, headquartered at the Walt Disney Studios in Burbank, California. It is the second largest media conglomerate in terms of revenue. Disney was founded on October 16,1923 – by brothers Walt Disney, the company also operated under the names The Walt Disney Studio and then Walt Disney Productions. Taking on its current name in 1986, it expanded its operations and also started divisions focused upon theater, radio, music, publishing. In addition, Disney has since created corporate divisions in order to more mature content than is typically associated with its flagship family-oriented brands. The company is best known for the products of its studio, Walt Disney Studios. Disneys other three divisions are Walt Disney Parks and Resorts, Disney Media Networks, and Disney Consumer Products. The company has been a component of the Dow Jones Industrial Average since May 6,1991, Mickey Mouse, an early and well-known cartoon creation of the company, is a primary symbol and mascot for Disney. In early 1923, Kansas City, Missouri, animator Walt Disney created a film entitled Alices Wonderland. After the bankruptcy in 1923 of his previous firm, Laugh-O-Gram Studios, Disney moved to Hollywood to join his brother, Walt and Roy Disney formed Disney Brothers Cartoon Studio that same year. More animated films followed after Alice, in January 1926, with the completion of the Disney studio on Hyperion Street, the Disney Brothers Studios name was changed to the Walt Disney Studio. The distributor owned Oswald, so Disney only made a few hundred dollars, Disney completed 26 Oswald shorts before losing the contract in February 1928, due to a legal loophole, when Winklers husband Charles Mintz took over their distribution company. After failing to take over the Disney Studio, Mintz hired away four of Disneys primary animators to start his own animation studio, Snappy Comedies. In 1928, to recover from the loss of Oswald the Lucky Rabbit, Disney came up with the idea of a character named Mortimer while on a train headed to California. The mouse was later renamed Mickey Mouse and starred in several Disney produced films, ub Iwerks refined Disneys initial design of Mickey Mouse. Disneys first sound film Steamboat Willie, a cartoon starring Mickey, was released on November 18,1928 through Pat Powers distribution company and it was the first Mickey Mouse sound cartoon released, but the third to be created, behind Plane Crazy and The Gallopin Gaucho. Disney used Pat Powers Cinephone system, created by Powers using Lee De Forests Phonofilm system, Steamboat Willie premiered at B. S. Mosss Colony Theater in New York City, now The Broadway Theatre. Disneys Plane Crazy and The Galloping Gaucho were then retrofitted with synchronized sound tracks, Disney continued to produce cartoons with Mickey Mouse and other characters, and began the Silly Symphonies series with Columbia Pictures signing on as Symphonies distributor in August 1929
The Walt Disney Company
–
The
Walt Disney Studios (corporate headquarters).
The Walt Disney Company
–
The building in the Los Angeles neighborhood of Los Feliz which was home to the studio from 1923 to 1926
The Walt Disney Company
–
Original poster for Flowers and Trees (1932).
The Walt Disney Company
–
The original Animation Building at the Walt Disney Studios.
10.
Animation studio
–
An animation studio is a company producing animated media. They also own rights over merchandising and creative rights for characters created/held by the company, in some early cases, they also held patent rights over methods of animation used in certain studios that were used for boosting productivity. Overall, they are business concerns and can function as such in legal terms, currently there are about 201 animation studios dedicated to the production and distribution of animated films that are active. Few are actual production house where as others are corporate entities, many of these animation studios help with the fulfillment of animation works for big brand names and have carried out outsourced projects including Nemo. Though beaten to the post of being the first studio, Brays studio employee, Earl Hurd, the patents for animation systems using drawings on transparent celluloid sheets and a registration system that kept images steady were held under this firm. Bray also developed the basic division of labor used in animation studios. The biggest name in animation studios during this time was Disney Brothers Animation Studio, co-founded by Walt. Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs, which laid the foundation for other studios to try to make full-length movies. In 1932 Flowers and Trees, a production by Walt Disney Productions and United Artists, won the first Academy Award for Best Animated Short Film. Disney continued to lead in technical prowess among studios for a long time afterwards, as can be seen with their achievements. In 1941, Otto Messmer created the first animated television commercials for Botany Tie ads/weather reports and they were shown on NBC-TV in New York until 1949. This marked the first forays of animation designed for the screen and was to be followed by the first animated series specifically made for television, Crusader Rabbit. It was in 1958 that The Huckleberry Hound Show claimed the title of being the first all new half-hour cartoon show, in 2002, Shrek, produced by DreamWorks and Pacific Data Images won the first Academy Award for Best Animated Feature. Since then, Disney/Pixar have produced the most number of either to win or be nominated for the award. Direct-to-video animation has seen a rise, as a concept, in the Western markets, current studios such as Warner Bros. and early ones such as Fleischer Studios, started life as small, independent studios, being run by a very small core group. After being bought out or sold to companies, they eventually consolidated with other studios. The drawback of this setup was that there was now a major thrust towards profitability with the management acting as a damper towards creativity of these studios, examples of such co-operation are the joint ventures between DreamWorks and Paramount Pictures and that of Blue Sky Studios and 20th Century Fox. In 1961, these began to be aired in the USA. Toei Animation, formed in 1956, was the first Japanese animation studio of importance, after the formation of Toei Animation Co. Ltd. in 1956, the Japanese studios churned out minor works of animation
Animation studio
–
Raoul Barré
Animation studio
–
Walt Disney
Animation studio
–
Hayao Miyazaki
Animation studio
–
Clay animation
11.
Michael Eisner
–
Michael Dammann Eisner is an American businessman. Eisner is best known as the Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of The Walt Disney Company from 1984 until 2005. Prior to Disney, Eisner was President and CEO of rival studio, Paramount Pictures, from 1976 to 1984, and had brief stints at the major television networks, NBC, CBS. Eisner was born to an affluent, secular Jewish family in Mount Kisco and his mother, Margaret, whose family founded the American Safety Razor Company, was the president of the Irvington Institute, a hospital that treated children with rheumatic fever. His father, Lester Eisner, Jr. was a lawyer and regional administrator of the United States Department of Housing and his parents were both descendents of German Jewish immigrants and Eisner had 16 relatives who were killed in the Holocaust. He was raised on Park Avenue in Manhattan and he is a member of the Delta Upsilon fraternity and credits much of his accomplishments to his time at Keewaydin Canoe Camp for boys in Vermont. Eisner has one sister, Margot Freedman, after two brief stints at NBC and CBS, Barry Diller at ABC hired Eisner as Assistant to the National Programming Director. Eisner moved up the ranks, eventually becoming a vice president in charge of programming. In 1976, Diller, who had by then moved on to become chairman of Paramount Pictures, recruited Eisner from ABC and made him president, Diller left Paramount in 1984, and, as his protégé, Eisner expected to assume Dillers position as studio chief. When he was passed over for the job, though, he left to look for work elsewhere, since the death of founder Walt Disney in 1966, The Walt Disney Company had narrowly survived several takeover attempts. Its shareholders Sid Bass and Roy E. Disney brought in Eisner and former Warner Brothers chief Frank Wells to replace Ron W. Miller in 1984 and strengthen the company. In addition to his duties as Chairman and CEO, Eisner was also the presenter of The Wonderful World of Disney TV series, Eisner was well recognized by children at the companys theme parks who often asked him for autographs. During the second half of the 1980s and early 1990s, Disney was revitalized, beginning with the films Who Framed Roger Rabbit and The Little Mermaid, its flagship animation studio enjoyed a series of commercial and critical successes. Disney also broadened its offerings in film when then Disney Studio Chairman Jeffrey Katzenberg acquired Miramax Films in 1993. Disney acquired many other sources, including ABC and ESPN. While some of the proposals were completed, most were not, Wells died in a helicopter crash in 1994. When Eisner did not appoint Walt Disney Studios chief Jeffrey Katzenberg to Wells now available post, Katzenberg resigned, the Ovitz episode engendered a long running derivative suit, which finally concluded in June 2006, almost 10 years later. Chandler, III of the Delaware Court of Chancery, despite describing Eisners behavior as falling far short of what shareholders expect, found in favor of Eisner and the rest of the Disney board because they had not violated the letter of the law
Michael Eisner
–
Eisner in October 2010
12.
Anthology series
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An anthology series is a radio or television series that presents a different story and a different set of characters in each episode or season/series. Some anthology series, such as Studio One, began on radio, many popular old-time radio programs were anthology series. On some series, such as Inner Sanctum Mysteries, the constant was the host. One of the earliest such programs was The Collier Hour, broadcast on the NBC Blue Network from 1927 to 1932, as radios first major dramatic anthology, it adapted stories and serials from Colliers Weekly in a calculated move to increase subscriptions and compete with The Saturday Evening Post. Weird The Haunting Hour The Sealed Book Mystery in the Air The Weird Circle Quiet, the stars would own the studio and the program, as Lucille Ball and Desi Arnaz had done successfully with Desilu studio. Powell had intended for the program to feature himself, Charles Boyer, Joel McCrea, when Russell and McCrea backed out, David Niven came on board as the third star. The fourth star was initially a guest star, CBS liked the idea, and Four Star Playhouse made its debut in fall of 1952. It ran on alternate weeks only during the first season, alternating with Amos n Andy and it was successful enough to be renewed and became a weekly program from the second season until the end of its run in 1956. Ida Lupino was brought on board as the de facto fourth star, though unlike Powell, Boyer, American television networks would sometimes run summer anthology series which consisted of unsold television pilots. Beginning in 1971, the long-run Masterpiece Theatre drama anthology series brought British productions to American television. k. a. Billy Roses Playbill Bob Hope Presents the Chrysler Theatre The Bold Ones Broadway Television Theatre Buick-Electra Playhouse Cameo Theatre Camera Three The Campbell Playhouse, Campbell Soundstage and Campbell Summer Soundstage Cavalcade of America CBS Playhouse CBS Summer Playhouse CBS Television Workshop CBS Workshop, a. k. a. CBS Repertoire Workshop Celanese Theatre Celebrity Playhouse Center Stage Cheer Television Theatre The Chevrolet Tele-Theatre a. k. a, Chevrolet on Broadway Chevron Hall of Stars Chevron Theatre Climax. Gruen Guild Theatre The Gulf Playhouse Hallmark Hall of Fame Hollywood Opening Night Hollywood Premiere Theatre, Hollywood Theatre Time International Playhouse John Waters Presents Movies That Will Corrupt You The Joseph Cotten Show, a. k. a. k. a. Max Liebman Presents Medallion Theatre, a. k. a, grimms Fairy Tale Classics Happily Ever After, Fairy Tales for Every Child The Harveytoons Show KaBlam. Late Night, Black and White Legends of Bikini Bottom Liquid Television The Looney Tunes Show Mickey Mouse Works Mickeys Mouse Tracks O Canada Off the Air Oh Yeah. Cartoons The Pink Panther Show The Popeye Show The Porky Pig Show Princes et princesses Random. M. k. a. Terribles House of Horrible The Eddie Cantor Comedy Theatre El Chapulín Colorado Ripping Yarns George Burns Comedy Week Good Heavens Human Remains Inside No. k. a. k. a. k. a. k. a, orson Welles Great Mysteries Out of the Fog Panic. Way of Life Family Theater Insight Lamp Unto My Feet Look Up, the Fisher Family Alcoa Presents, One Step Beyond Amazing Stories American Horror Story Are You Afraid of the Dark. L. k. a
Anthology series
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Lux Radio Theater ad art Joan Crawford
Anthology series
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Nelson Olmsted of NBC's Sleep No More fantasy series.
13.
Walt Disney anthology television series
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The series was broadcast on Sunday for 25 of those years. The show has had two hosts, Walt Disney and Disney Chairman Michael Eisner. The original version of the series premiered on ABC on Wednesday, the show is the second longest running prime-time program on American television, behind rival film anthology, the Hallmark Hall of Fame. However, Hallmark Hall of Fame aired as a program during its first five seasons before becoming a bi-monthly program. Disney wanted to produce a program in order to finance the development of the Disneyland amusement park. After being turned down by both CBS and NBC, Disney eventually signed a deal with ABC on March 29,1954, consequently, Davy Crockett and other pioneers of the Old West, and American history in general appeared in Frontier Land. Topics for Fantasy Land would include either actual cartoons, and animated films, excerpts from a True-Life Adventure documentary may also be included or those using stroboscopic stop-action photography, explaining the techniques of cartoon animation. The multi-plane camera used to create the effects of Bambi was also as a topic for a Fantasy Land-set telecast. Tomorrow Land was an opportunity for the Disney studio staff to present cutting-edge science and technology, and to predict possible futures, such as futuristic automobiles and this format remained basically unchanged through the 1980s, though new material was scarce in later years. Other episodes were segments from Disney films such as, or cartoons of Donald Duck, the program spawned the Davy Crockett craze of 1955 with the airing of a three-episode series about the historical American frontiersman, starring Fess Parker in the title role. Millions of dollars of merchandise relating to the character were sold. Three historically based hour-long programs aired during late 1954/early 1955, and were followed up by two dramatized installments the following year, the TV episodes were later edited into two theatrical films. On July 17,1955, the opening of Disneyland was covered on a television special, Dateline, Disneyland. It was hosted by Walt along with Bob Cummings, Art Linkletter and Ronald Reagan, and featured various other guests. In 1959, the series was retitled Walt Disney Presents and moved to a Friday night timeslot, by 1960, ABC had switched it to Sunday nights, where it would remain for 21 years. Although the basic format remained the same, the moved to NBC on September 24,1961 to take advantage of that networks ability to broadcast programming in color. In addition, Walt Disneys relationship with ABC had soured as the network resisted selling its stake in the park before doing so in 1960. Von Drake was the first Disney character created specifically for television, Walt Disney died on December 15,1966, twelve years after the anthology series premiered
Walt Disney anthology television series
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Opening title for The Wonderful World of Disney used from 2003 to 2007.
Walt Disney anthology television series
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Walt Disney's Wonderful World of Color title sequence
14.
The Mickey Mouse Club
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The Mickey Mouse Club was an American variety television show that aired intermittently from 1955 to 1996. Created by Walt Disney and produced by Walt Disney Productions, the program was first televised from 1955 to 1959 by ABC, featuring a regular, reruns were broadcast by ABC on weekday afternoons during the 1958–59 season, right after American Bandstand. The show was revived after its initial 1955–1959 run on ABC, first from 1977 to 1979 for first-run syndication, previous to the TV series, there was a theater-based Mickey Mouse Club. The first one started on January 4,1930, at 12 noon at the Fox Dome Theater in Ocean Park, the Club released its first issue of the Official Bulletin of the Mickey Mouse Club on April 15,1930. By 1932, the Club had 1 million members, and in 1933 its first British club opened at Darlingtons Arcade Cinema, in 1935, Disney began to phase out the club. The Mickey Mouse Club was Walt Disneys second venture into producing a television series, Disney used both shows to help finance and promote the building of the Disneyland theme park. Being busy with projects and others, Disney turned The Mickey Mouse Club over to Bill Walsh to create and develop the format. The result was a variety show for children, with regular features as a newsreel, a cartoon. One unique feature of the show was the Mouseketeer Roll Call, in the serials, teens faced challenges in everyday situations, often overcome by their common sense or through recourse to the advice of respected elders. Mickey Mouse himself appeared in every show not only in vintage cartoons originally made for release but in opening, interstitial. In both the cartoons and in the new animated segments, Mickey was voiced by his creator Walt Disney. Mickey Mouse Club was hosted by Jimmie Dodd, a songwriter and the Head Mouseketeer, in addition to his other contributions, he often provided short segments encouraging young viewers to make the right moral choices. These little homilies became known as Doddisms, roy Williams, a staff artist at Disney, also appeared in the show as the Big Mouseketeer. Roy suggested the Mickey and Minnie Mouse ears worn by the cast members, which he helped create, along with Chuck Keehne, Hal Adelquist, and Bill Walsh. The main cast members were called Mouseketeers, and they performed in a variety of musical and dance numbers, tim Rooney, Bronson Scott, Margene Storey, Ronnie Steiner, and Mark Sutherland. Larry Larsen, on only for the 1956–57 season, was the oldest Mouseketeer, being born in 1939, among the thousands who auditioned but didnt make the cut were future vocalist/songwriter Paul Williams and future actress Candice Bergen. The 39 Mouseketeers, and the seasons they were featured in, Mowava Pryor ), and Terri Misner Eoff. The 35 Mouseketeers and the seasons they were featured in, On July 9,2015, the format of revival will include musical performances, games, and skits, as same as the original one in the US
The Mickey Mouse Club
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The Mickey Mouse Club
The Mickey Mouse Club
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1956 cast photo. Front row; L–R: Annette Funicello, Karen Pendleton, Cubby O'Brien, Sherry Alberoni, Dennis Day. Row two: Charley Laney, Sharon Baird, Darlene Gillespie, Jay-Jay Solari. Row three: Tommy Cole, Cheryl Holdridge, Larry Larsen, Eileen Diamond. Row four: Lonnie Burr, Margene Storey, Doreen Tracey. Back row: Jimmie Dodd, Bobby Burgess.
15.
Zorro (1957 TV series)
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Zorro is an American action-adventure western drama series produced by Walt Disney Productions. Based on the well-known Zorro character created by Johnston McCulley, the series premiered on October 10,1957 on ABC, the final network broadcast was July 2,1959. Seventy-eight episodes were produced, and 4 hour-long specials were aired on the Walt Disney anthology series between October 30,1960 and April 2,1961. For most of its run, Zorros episodes were part of continuing story arcs, each about thirteen episodes long. The first of these chronicles the arrival of Zorro / Diego to California in 1820 and his battle of wits with the greedy and cruel local Commandante, Captain Enrique Sánchez Monastario. After Monastarios final defeat, in the storyline, Zorro must uncover and counter the machinations of the evil Magistrado Carlos Galindo. The third story arc concerns the leader of that conspiracy, the figure of The Eagle, revealed as vain. Its revealed that the plot to control of California is so that he can turn it over to another country, implied to be Russia. Season one concludes with Vargas death, Season two opens with Diego in Monterey, the colonial capital, where privately collected money to bring a supply ship to California is consistently diverted to a gang of bandits. Diego stays to investigate, both as himself and as Zorro, and becomes interested in Ana Maria Verdugo, the daughter of the man organizing the effort. Once Zorro defeats the thieves, he enters into a rivalry with his old friend Ricardo del Amo, Ana Maria in turn is in love with Zorro. While in Monterey, Zorro and Sergeant Demetrio López García also get involved in a dispute between the peons and a repressive Lieutenant Governor, Diego is on the verge of giving up his mask to marry Ana Maria, but Don Alejandro talks him out of it. Zorro says goodbye to Ana Maria and returns to Los Angeles, in one three episode story arc, guest starring Annette Funicello, Zorro must solve the mystery of Anita Cabrillos father, a man who does not seem to exist. Don Diego de la Vega is depicted as a former University student, just before reaching California, Diego learns of the tyranny of Captain Monastario, and realizes that his father, Don Alejandro, summoned him to help fight this injustice. His alter ego, Zorro operates primarily at night, taking the action that Diego cannot. This deception does not always sit well with Diego, especially as it affects his relationship with his disappointed father, in reality, Diego relies heavily on his wits, both with and without the mask on. Later in the series, Diego emerges as a figure in his own right. Diegos singing voice is supplied by Bill Lee of the Mellomen, actor Jeffrey Stone was initially offered the part of Don Diego de la Vega, but he turned down the role
Zorro (1957 TV series)
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Logo of Zorro
Zorro (1957 TV series)
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Bernardo (Gene Sheldon) and Zorro (Guy Williams)
Zorro (1957 TV series)
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Henry Calvin as Sergeant García, with
Gene Sheldon as Bernardo in the background
16.
Walt Disney
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Walter Elias Walt Disney was an American entrepreneur, animator, voice actor and film producer. A pioneer of the American animation industry, he introduced several developments in the production of cartoons, as a film producer, Disney holds the record for most Academy Awards earned by an individual, having won 22 Oscars from 59 nominations. He was presented with two Golden Globe Special Achievement Awards and an Emmy Award, among other honors, several of his films are included in the National Film Registry by the Library of Congress. Born in Chicago in 1901, Disney developed an early interest in drawing and he took art classes as a boy and got a job as a commercial illustrator at the age of 18. He moved to California in the early 1920s and set up the Disney Brothers Studio with his brother Roy, with Ub Iwerks, Walt developed the character Mickey Mouse in 1928, his first highly popular success, he also provided the voice for his creation in the early years. As the studio grew, Disney became more adventurous, introducing synchronized sound, full-color three-strip Technicolor, feature-length cartoons, the results, seen in features such as Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs, Fantasia, Pinocchio, Dumbo and Bambi, furthered the development of animated film. New animated and live-action films followed after World War II, including the critically successful Cinderella and Mary Poppins, in the 1950s, Disney expanded into the amusement park industry, and in 1955 he opened Disneyland. In 1965, he began development of theme park, Disney World, the heart of which was to be a new type of city. Disney was a smoker throughout his life, and died of lung cancer in December 1966 before either the park or the EPCOT project were completed. Disney was a shy, self-deprecating and insecure man in private and he had high standards and high expectations of those with whom he worked. Although there have been accusations that he was racist or anti-semitic and his reputation changed in the years after his death, from a purveyor of homely patriotic values to a representative of American imperialism. Nevertheless, Disney is considered an icon, particularly in the United States. Walt Disney was born on December 5,1901, at 1249 Tripp Avenue and he was the fourth son of Elias Disney—born in the Province of Canada, to Irish parents—and Flora, an American of German and English descent. Aside from Disney, Elias and Calls sons were Herbert, Raymond and Roy, in 1906, when Disney was four, the family moved to a farm in Marceline, Missouri, where his uncle Robert had just purchased land. In Marceline, Disney developed his interest in drawing when he was paid to draw the horse of a neighborhood doctor. Elias was a subscriber to the Appeal to Reason newspaper, Disney also began to develop an ability to work with watercolors and crayons. He lived near the Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway line and he and his younger sister Ruth started school at the same time at the Park School in Marceline in late 1909. In 1911, the Disneys moved to Kansas City, Missouri, before long, he was spending more time at the Pfeiffers house than at home
Walt Disney
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Disney in 1946
Walt Disney
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Walt's parents, Elias and Flora (Call) Disney
Walt Disney
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10-year-old Walt Disney (center right) at a gathering of Kansas City newsboys in 1912.
Walt Disney
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Disney as an
ambulance driver immediately after World War I
17.
Animation short
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Animated cartoons are still created for commercial, educational, and personal purposes to this day. The first animated projection was created in France, by Charles-Émile Reynaud, Reynaud created the Praxinoscope in 1877 and the Théâtre Optique in December 1888. On 28 October 1892, he projected the first animation in public, Pauvre Pierrot and this film is also notable as the first known instance of film perforations being used. His films were not photographed, but drawn directly onto the transparent strip, in 1900, more than 500,000 people had attended these screenings. The first animated projection was Humorous Phases of Funny Faces by newspaper cartoonist J. Stuart Blackton, in the movie, a cartoonists line drawings of two faces were animated on a blackboard. The two faces smiled and winked, and the man blew smoke in the ladys face, also. The first animated projection in the sense was Fantasmagorie by the French director Émile Cohl in 1908. This was followed by two films, Le Cauchemar du fantoche and Un Drame chez les fantoches, all completed in 1908. One of the very first successful animated cartoons was Gertie the Dinosaur by Winsor McCay and it is considered the first example of true character animation. At first, animated cartoons were black-and-white and silent, felix the Cat and Oswald the Lucky Rabbit are notable examples. From the 1920s to 1960s, theatrical cartoons were produced in huge numbers, MGM, and UPA were the largest studios producing these 5- to 10-minute shorts. Other studios included Walter Lantz, DePatie-Freleng, Charles Mintz Studios, Famous Studios, the first cartoon to use a soundtrack was in 1926 with Max Fleischers My Old Kentucky Home. However the Fleischers used a De Forest sound system and the sound was not completely synchronized with the film, walt Disneys 1928 cartoon Steamboat Willie starring Mickey Mouse was the first to use a click track during the recording session, which produced better synchronism. Mickey Mousing became a term for any action that was perfectly synchronized with music. The music used is original most of the time, but musical quotation is often employed, animated characters usually performed the action in loops, i. e. drawings were repeated over and over. Although other producers had made films earlier using 2-strip color, Disney produced the first cartoon in 3-strip Technicolor, Flowers and Trees, technicians at the Fleischer studio invented rotoscoping, in which animators trace live action in order to make animation look more realistic. However, rotoscoping made the animation look stiff and the technique was used more for studying human and animal movement. Today, traditional animation uses traditional methods, but is aided by computers in certain areas and this gives the animator new tools not available that could not be achieved using old techniques
Animation short
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An 1886
Flip book
Animation short
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An 1893
phenakistoscope disc by Eadweard Muybridge.
Animation short
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A modern replica of a Victorian zoetrope (1834)
18.
Osamu Tezuka
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Osamu Tezuka was a Japanese manga artist, cartoonist, animator, film producer, medical doctor and activist. Additionally, he is considered the Japanese equivalent to Walt Disney. Born in Toyonaka Tezuka took an interest in art and animation at an age when his father showed him his first Disney films. As a young child Tezuka began to practice drawing so much that his mother would have to erase pages in his notebook in order to keep up with his output, in elementary school he would develop his own comics and illustrations from which his skills would become formidable. During high school in 1944 Tezuka was drafted into the service to work in a factory. Tezuka would begin studying medicine at the Osaka University in 1945, Tezuka would begin what was known as the manga revolution in Japan with his New Treasure Island published in 1947. This series would create the first successful model for production in Japan. Other series were translated to animation including Jungle Emperor Leo. In the 1970s Mushi Productions would collapse financially and the fallout would produce several influential animation production studios including Sunrise, after Mushi Productions failure Tezuka would found Tezuka Productions and continue experimenting with animation late into his life. Tezuka died of cancer in 1989. His death had an impact on the Japanese public. A museum was constructed in Takarazuka dedicated to his memory and life works, several animations were in production at the time of his death along with the final chapters of Phoenix which were never released. Tezuka was the eldest of three children in Toyonaka City, Osaka and his mother often comforted him by telling him to look to the blue skies, giving him confidence. His mothers stories inspired his creativity as well, Tezuka grew up in Takarazuka City, Hyōgo and his mother often took him to the Takarazuka Theatre. The Takarazuka Revue is performed by women, including the male characters, the Takarazuka Revue is known for its romantic musicals usually aimed at a female audience, thus having a large impact on the later works of Tezuka, including his costuming designs. He has said that he has a spirit of nostalgia for Takarazuka. When he was young Tezukas father showed him Disney films, he became obsessed with the films and he also became a Disney movie buff seeing the films multiple times in a row most famously seeing Bambi over a 80 separate times. Tezuka started to draw comics around his year of elementary school
Osamu Tezuka
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Tezuka in 1951
Osamu Tezuka
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Tezuka in 1953
Osamu Tezuka
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The Osamu Tezuka Manga Museum
19.
Astro Boy
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Astro Boy, known in Japan by its original name Mighty Atom, is a Japanese manga series written and illustrated by Osamu Tezuka from 1952 to 1968. The story follows the adventures of an android named Astro Boy, the manga was adapted for TV as Astro Boy, the first popular animated Japanese television series that embodied the aesthetic that later became familiar worldwide as anime. After enjoying success abroad, Astro Boy was remade in the 1980s as New Mighty Atom, known as Astroboy in other countries, in November 2007, he was named Japans envoy for overseas safety. An American computer-animated film based on the manga series by Tezuka was released on October 23,2009. In March 2015, a trailer was released announcing a new animated series, Astro Boy is a science fiction series set in a futuristic world where robots co-exist with humans. Its focus is on the adventures of the titular Astro Boy, Dr. Tenma created Astro to replace his son Tobio, who died in a car accident. Dr. Tenma built Astro in Tobios memory and treated Astro as lovingly as if he was the real Tobio. However, Dr. Tenma soon realized that the little android could not fill the void of his lost son, in the original 1960 edition, Tenma rejected Astro and sold him to a cruel circus owner, Hamegg. After some time, Professor Ochanomizu, the new head of the Ministry of Science, notices Astro Boy performing in the circus and he then takes Astro in as his own and treats him gently and warmly, becoming his legal guardian. He soon realizes that Astro has superior powers and skills, as well as the ability to experience human emotions, most of his enemies are robot-hating humans, robots gone berserk, or alien invaders. Almost every story includes a battle involving Astro and other robots, in one manga episode, Astro takes on the US Air Force, and stops it from bombing some innocent Vietnamese villagers. The Astro Boy series consists of story lines. Schodt added that the page layouts used in Astro Boy episodes became more creative, when designing supporting characters, Tezuka sometimes created characters that were homages to Walt Disney, Max Fleischer, and other American animators. In several of the Astro Boy stories, the first few pages were in color, Tezuka had a Star System of characters where characters from his other works played various roles in Astro Boy. Similarly, several characters in Astro Boy appear in his other works, Tezuka developed a type of dialog with his readers since he developed so many stories during his lifetime. Astro Boy was described by Schodt as an analog, a world where man, as a result, the plots of the Astro Boy stories often involve issues that stem from this idea. When Astro Boy was created in the 1950s and 1960s, Japan did not have the reputation for science and this made the analog nature of Astro Boy unique. The novels were published by Akita Shoten,23 volumes of paper backs were printed
Astro Boy
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Cover for Mighty Atom volume 8 from the Osamu Tezuka Manga Complete Works edition.
Astro Boy
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The cover for Astro Boy volume 1 and 2 compilation by
Dark Horse Comics.
Astro Boy
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Astro Boy in the 2009 CGI film
20.
Disney Channel
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Disney Channels programming consists of original first-run television series, theatrically-released and original made-for-cable movies and select other third-party programming. Disney Channel – which formerly operated as a premium service – originally marketed its programs towards families during the 1980s, most of Disney Channels original programming is aimed at kids ages 9–16, while its Disney Junior programs are targeted at children 8 years and under. As of January 2016, Disney Channel is available to approximately 93.9 million pay television households in the United States. The Disney Sunday Movie, a version of the Walt Disney anthology television series, began on the channel in 1986 concurrent with ABCs version until 1988 and NBCs The Magical World of Disney. Disney Channel Original Movies series of made for television movies started on August 23,1997 with Northern Lights supplanting the previous Disney Channel Premiere Films banner.2 million viewers. The Cheetah Girls films were also successful in terms of merchiandise. The first film in 2003 was the first made-for-TV movie musical in Disney Channels history, and had a worldwide audience of over 84 million viewers. The second movie was the most successful of the series, bringing in 8.1 million viewers in the U. S. Disney Junior – Disney Junior is a block that features shows targeted at children aged 3–9. Which debuted on February 14,2011, it airs Monday through Fridays from 8,00 a. m. –2,00 p. m. and weekends from 6,00 to 9,00 a. m. Disney Junior carries one of the few programs on Disney Channel that feature classic Disney characters as of 2013, Mickey Mouse Clubhouse. Other programs currently seen in this block include Jake and the Never Land Pirates, Sheriff Callies Wild West, Sofia the First, Miles from Tomorrowland, The Lion Guard and Doc McStuffins. C. Saturdays from 8, 00-11,00 p. m. and Sundays from 7, Saturday nights feature repeats of recent episodes of the channels original series or an occasional film telecast. Encores of the respective nights programs typically air between 11,00 p. m. and 2,30 a. m, Eastern/Pacific each night during that weekend. Out of This World Weekend – a weekend of shows having space themed episodes, Weekend – a weekend of shows having mystery themed episodes. This was the first special weekend, Summer Adventure Weekend – a weekend of shows with vacation themed episodes. Flash Forward Weekend – a weekend of shows related to time travel, freaky Freakend – a weekend of shows featuring paranormal themed episodes. April Fuel Week – a week of shows featuring special episodes, Weekend – a weekend of shows featuring guest stars from other Disney Channel shows, occurs mostly in April. Programming seen during Disney Nighttime included older feature films, along with original concert specials, variety specials, mystery Night – ran each Tuesday evening starting at 9,00 p. m. Eastern/Pacific from 1990 to 1993, focused on mystery films from the 1930s to the 1960s
Disney Channel
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Disney Channel's headquarters in
Burbank,
California as it appeared in the 2000s (the logo was later removed instead of being replaced with the 2002-era logo).
Disney Channel
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Original logo used from April 18, 1983 to April 5, 1997; the wordmark (at bottom), based on The Walt Disney Company's 1986-2010 corporate logo, replaced a generic all-capital text logo in 1986. The "Mickey Mouse TV" served as the de facto primary logo, with the wordmark being used intermittently on-air.
21.
Gummi bear
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A gummy bear is a small, fruit gum candy, similar to a jelly baby in some English-speaking countries. The candy is roughly 2 cm long and shaped in the form of a bear, the gummy bear is one of many gummies, popular gelatin-based candies sold in a variety of shapes and colors. Hans Riegel, Sr. a confectioner from Bonn, started the Haribo company in 1920, even during Weimar Germanys hyperinflation period that wreaked havoc on the country, Haribos fruit-gum Dancing Bear treats remained affordably priced for a mere 1 Pfennig, in pairs, at kiosks. The success of the Dancing Bears successor would later become Haribos world-famous Gold-Bears candy product in 1967, manufacturers offer sizes from the standard candy size, and smaller, to bears that weigh several kilograms. In the United States, Haribo gummy bears are sold in five flavors, raspberry, orange, strawberry, pineapple, many companies emulate either Haribo or Trolli flavor-color combinations. Health-oriented brands, which often use all-natural flavors, sometimes opt for more, for example, the boxed bulk gummis sold by Sunflower/Newflower Markets include grape, pineapple-coconut, and peach, among others. The traditional gummy bear is made from a mixture of sugar, glucose syrup, starch, flavoring, food coloring, citric acid, however, recipes vary, such as organic candy, those suitable for vegetarians, or those following religious dietary laws. Production uses a machine called a starch mogul. The image of the bear is stamped into a tray filled with powdered starch. The hot, liquid mixture is poured into the indentations in the starch, once the mixture has set, the candies can be removed from the mold and packaged. The molds are open on top, so only the front is formed while the back remains flat. The original design for each type of candy is carved into plaster by an artist, then duplicated by a machine, Gummy bears made with bovine, porcine or piscine gelatin are not suitable for vegetarians and vegans. Those with porcine gelatin or from animals not slaughtered in either of the two contradictory ritualistic fashions do not conform to kashrut or halal dietary laws, in its factory in Turkey, Haribo produces halal bears and other sweets which are made with bovine gelatin. Also, some bears are made with pectin or starch instead of gelatin. Large sour gummy bears are larger and flatter than regular ones, have a softer texture, some manufacturers produce sour bears with a different texture, based on starch instead of gelatin. Typically, starch produces a shorter texture than gelatin, multivitamins have also been produced in the form of gummi bears to motivate consumption by young, picky eaters. Gummy bears, and other candy, stick to teeth. However, gummi bears containing the cavity-fighting additive xylitol are now being tested, Trolli has developed a line of gummi candy which is claimed to help the immune system and teeth, the acti-line
Gummi bear
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Haribo gummy bears, the first gummy bears ever made
Gummi bear
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Vending machine for kosher gummy bears at the cafeteria of the Jewish Museum Berlin
Gummi bear
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Bear manufacturers
22.
Walt Disney Animation Studios
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Founded on October 16,1923, it is a division of The Walt Disney Studios. The studio has produced 56 feature films, from Snow White and it was founded as the Disney Brothers Cartoon Studio in 1923 and incorporated as Walt Disney Productions in 1929. The studio was dedicated to producing short films until it expanded into feature production in 1934. In 1983, Walt Disney Productions named its film studio Walt Disney Pictures. In 2006, Walt Disney Feature Animation took on its current name, the studio also pioneered the art of storyboarding, which is now a standard technique used in both animated and live-action filmmaking. Walt Disney Animation Studios continues to produce films using both traditional animation and computer-generated imagery, at the present, Andrew Millstein is the general manager of the studio for day-to-day business affairs, under the direction of Edwin Catmull and John Lasseter who also oversee Pixar. Kansas City, Missouri, natives Walt Disney and Roy O, in February 1924, the studio moved next door to office space of its own at 4649 Kingswell Avenue. Disney refused, and as Universal owned the rights to Oswald rather than Disney, most of Disneys staff was hired away by Mintz to move over, once Disneys Oswald contract was done in mid-1928. The first two Mickey Mouse cartoons, Plane Crazy and The Galloping Gaucho, were previewed in limited engagements during the summer of 1928, the Mickey Mouse series of sound cartoons, distributed by Powers through Celebrity Productions, quickly became the most popular cartoon series in the United States. A second Disney series of cartoons, the Silly Symphonies. Powers in return signed away Ub Iwerks, who began producing cartoons at his own studio, columbia distributed Disneys shorts for two years before the Disney studio entered a new distribution deal with United Artists in 1932. The result was the Silly Symphony Flowers and Trees, the first film released in full Technicolor. Flowers and Trees was a success, and all Silly Symphonies were subsequently produced in Technicolor. In 1934, Walt Disney gathered several key members and announced his plans to make his first feature animated film. In the course of teaching the classes, Graham and the created or formalized many of the techniques and processes that became the key tenets. During the production of Snow White, work had continued on the Mickey Mouse, Mickey Mouse switched to Technicolor in 1935, by which time the series had added several major supporting characters, among them Mickeys dog Pluto and their friends Donald Duck and Goofy. Donald, Goofy, and Pluto would all be appearing in series of their own by 1940, the Silly Symphonies, which garnered seven Academy Awards, ended in 1939. The success of Snow White allowed Disney to build a new, larger studio on Buena Vista Street in Burbank, Walt Disney Productions had its initial public offering on April 2,1940, with Walt Disney as president and chairman and Roy Disney as CEO
Walt Disney Animation Studios
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The studio's headquarters at the
Roy E. Disney Animation Building in Burbank
Walt Disney Animation Studios
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Walt Disney Animation Studios
Walt Disney Animation Studios
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The building on Kingswell Avenue in Los Feliz which was home to the studio from 1923 to 1926
Walt Disney Animation Studios
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Walt Disney introduces each of the Seven Dwarfs in a scene from the original 1937
Snow White theatrical trailer.
23.
Network television
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Until the mid-1980s, television programming in most countries of the world was dominated by a small number of broadcast networks. Many early television networks evolved from earlier radio networks, such networks are commonly referred to by terms such as specialty channels in Canada or cable networks in the U. S. A network may or may not produce all of its own programming, if not, production companies can distribute their content to the various networks, and it is common that a certain production firm may have programs that air on two or more rival networks. Similarly, some networks may import television programs from other countries, some stations have the capability to interrupt the network through the local insertion of television commercials, station identifications and emergency alerts. Others completely break away from the network for their own programming and this is common where small networks are members of larger networks. The majority of television stations are self-owned, even though a variety of these instances are the property of an owned-and-operated television network. The commercial television stations can also be linked with an educational broadcasting agency. It is also important to note that some countries have launched national television networks, on the other hand, television networks also undergo the impending experience of major changes related to cultural varieties. The emergence of television has made available in major media markets. Such a diverse captive audience presents an occasion for the networks and this is explained by author Tim P. Vos notes that policymakers did not expressly intend to create a broadcast order dominated by commercial networks. In fact, legislative attempts were made to limit the networks preferred position, as to individual stations, modern network operations centers usually use broadcast automation to handle most tasks. A major international network is the British Broadcasting Corporation, which is perhaps most well known for its news agency BBC News. Owned by the Crown, the BBC operates primarily in the United Kingdom and it is funded by the television licence paid by British residents that watch terrestrial television and as a result, no commercial advertising appears on its networks. Outside of the UK, advertising is broadcast because the licence fee applies to the BBCs British operations. 23,000 people worldwide are employed by the BBC and its subsidiary, other networks are dedicated to specialized programming, such as religious content or programs presented in languages other than English, particularly Spanish. The largest television network in the United States, however, is the Public Broadcasting Service, some public television outlets, such as PBS, carry separate digital subchannel networks through their member stations. This works as each network sends its signal to many local affiliated stations across the country. These local stations then carry the feed, which can be viewed by millions of households across the country
Network television
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The DuMont Television Network in 1949. DuMont's network of stations stretched from Boston to St. Louis. These stations were linked together via AT&T's
coaxial cable feed, allowing the network to broadcast
live television programming to all the stations at the same time. Stations not yet connected received
kinescope recordings via physical delivery.
24.
Cable television
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This contrasts with broadcast television, in which the television signal is transmitted over the air by radio waves and received by a television antenna attached to the television. FM radio programming, high-speed Internet, telephone services, and similar non-television services may also be provided through these cables, analog television was standard in the 20th century, but since the 2000s, cable systems have been upgraded to digital cable operation. A cable channel is a television network available via cable television, alternative terms include non-broadcast channel or programming service, the latter being mainly used in legal contexts. Examples of cable/satellite channels/cable networks available in many countries are HBO, MTV, Cartoon Network, E. Eurosport, the abbreviation CATV is often used for cable television. It originally stood for Community Access Television or Community Antenna Television, in areas where over-the-air TV reception was limited by distance from transmitters or mountainous terrain, large community antennas were constructed, and cable was run from them to individual homes. The origins of cable broadcasting for radio are even older as radio programming was distributed by cable in some European cities as far back as 1924, Cable television has gone through a series of steps of evolution in the United States and Canada. Particularly in Canada, communities with their own signals were fertile cable markets, as viewers wanted to receive American signals. Early systems carried only a maximum of seven channels, using 2,4,5 or 6,7,9,11 and 13, as the equipment was unable to confine the signal discreetly within the assigned channel bandwidth. The reason 4 and 5 along with 6 and 7 could be used together was because of the 4 MHz gap between 4 and 5 and the nearly 90 MHz gap between 6 and 7. Even though eight channels are listed, in systems that maximized 7 channels. As equipment improved, all channels could be utilized, except where a local VHF television station broadcast. Local broadcast channels were not usable for signals deemed to be priority, later, the cable operators began to carry FM radio stations, and encouraged subscribers to connect their FM stereo sets to cable. Before stereo and bilingual TV sound became common, Pay-TV channel sound was added to the FM stereo cable line-ups, about this time, operators expanded beyond the 12-channel dial to use the midband and superband VHF channels adjacent to the high band 7-13 of North American television frequencies. Some operators as in Cornwall, Ontario, used a dual distribution network with Channels 2-13 on each of the two cables, during the 1980s, United States regulations not unlike public, educational, and government access created the beginning of cable-originated live television programming. These stations evolved partially into todays over-the-air digital subchannels, where a main broadcast TV station e. g, many live local programs with local interests were subsequently created all over the United States in most major television markets in the early 1980s. This evolved into todays many cable-only broadcasts of diverse programming, including cable-only produced television movies and miniseries, Cable specialty channels, starting with channels oriented to show movies and large sporting or performance events, diversified further, and narrowcasting became common. By the late 1980s, cable-only signals outnumbered broadcast signals on cable systems, by the mid-1980s in Canada, cable operators were allowed by the regulator to enter into distribution contracts with cable networks on their own. By the 1990s, tiers became common, with customers able to subscribe to different tiers to obtain different selections of additional channels above the basic selection, by subscribing to additional tiers, customers could get specialty channels, movie channels, and foreign channels
Cable television
–
Coaxial cable used to carry cable television into subscribers' residences.
Cable television
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A cable television distribution box (left) in the basement of a building in Germany, with a splitter (right) which supplies the signal to separate cables which go to different rooms
25.
The Wuzzles
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The Wuzzles is an animated television series created for Saturday morning television, and was first broadcast on September 14,1985 on CBS. An idea of Michael Eisner for his new Disney television animation studio, the original thirteen episodes ran on CBS for their first run. The Wuzzles features a variety of short, rounded animal characters, each is a roughly even, and colorful, mix of two different animal species, and all the characters sport wings on their backs, although only Bumblelion and Butterbear are seemingly capable of flight. All of the Wuzzles live on the Isle of Wuz, double species are not limited to the Wuzzles themselves. From the appleberries they eat to the telephonograph in the home, or a home called a castlescraper. The characters in the show were marketed extensively, the characters were featured in childrens books, as poseable figures and plush toys, and in a board game. However, The Wuzzles ended production after its initial run largely due to the death of Bill Scott. However, Scott was also the voice of Gruffi Gummi, Sir Tuxford, and Toadwart on Gummi Bears and Corey Burton and Carmel took over those roles. CBS cancelled the show, and ABC picked it up and showed reruns during the 1986-1987 season and it was a bigger success in the United Kingdom, where the pilot episode aired as a theatrical featurette in 1986 alongside a re-release of Disneys Bambi. Reruns of the show were aired on both The Disney Channel and Toon Disney, songwriter Stephen Geyer performs the lead vocal and composed the theme song for The Wuzzles. The Narrator, The never-seen narrator welcomes the viewer to the Land of Wuz, Bumblelion, Half bumblebee and half lion, Bumblelion is mostly lion in appearance. He is a short, squat orange furred creature with a mane, fuzzy antennae, a lions tail, small insect wings. He lives in a beehive, likes sports, is courageous and he is said to be the sort who rush in where angels fear to tread. He and Eleroo are best friends, Butterbear, Half bear and half butterfly, Butterbear is mostly bear in appearance. She has yellow fur with a white tummy, larger wings than the other Wuzzles and she is a keen gardener who is gentle and patient despite the crazy adventures of her friends. Eleroo, Half elephant and half kangaroo, one of the larger Wuzzles, Eleroo is purple, with the body shape and tail of a kangaroo and an elephants trunk and ears. He has a horizontally striped pouch, Eleroo has trouble remembering what he stores in his pouch. He is sweet, but accident/disaster prone and he and Bumblelion are best friends
The Wuzzles
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Disney's The Wuzzles
26.
Funny animal
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A funny animal is an anthropomorphic animal character who lives like a human. Additionally, some such as Bugs Bunny are inconsistently characterized as funny animals. Funny animal is also the genre of comics and animated cartoons which primarily feature funny animals, while many funny animal stories are light-hearted and humorous, the genre is not exclusively comedic. These stories may intersect with any genre or group of genres, including historical fiction, science fiction, superhero, western, slapstick comedy, childrens/family entertainment. Early examples of animal characters in literature came in the 1865 book Alices Adventures in Wonderland by Lewis Carroll with characters such as the White Rabbit. An early example of a book which made use of funny animals was the 1908 childrens book The Wind in the Willows by Kenneth Grahame. This story featured the character Mr. Toad who is human in almost every sense, other characters in the book, such as a mole, water rat, and otter, are also very human with the exception of preferring their species native habitats. The mole, for example, lives underground, but in a finished home, the 1945 novel Animal Farm by George Orwell notably features several talking animal characters who transition to bipedal, clothes-wearing funny animals by the end of the story. In the 1940s, Fawcett Comics published a book entitled Funny Animals, featuring such characters as Hoppy the Marvel Bunny. Beginning in the 1980s, there was a subgenre of original funny animal comic books with subject matter that were created largely for mature readers, comic strips have long been an outlet for funny animal characters. U. S. Krazy Kat was an early comic strip featuring the titular cat. This tactic allows for the relationship between human and animal to be ambiguous, as it may not be if the human can understand what the animal is thinking. The aforementioned Snoopy and Garfield are famous for this type of thought-speech, when the Peanuts specials were adapted for television, producers opted to make Snoopy mute, just as a normal dog would be, and act out his thoughts in pantomime. The funny animal genre evolved in the 1920s and 1930s, at a time when blackface became less socially acceptable, song and dance fell out of favor and were largely replaced by comedy and satire. The Looney Tunes and Merrie Melodies shorts by Warner Bros, animation, for instance, introduced dozens of funny animals, many of whom have reached iconic status in American culture. During this period there were standout creations like Ralph Bakshis iconoclastic feature animated film, Funny animals and animal-like characters made a brief comeback in the late 1980s and into the 1990s. American comic book Kemono Furry fandom Golden Age of American animation Human–animal hybrid Talking animal List of anthropomorphic animal superheroes Williams, P. Lyons, J. The Rise of the American Comics Artist, Creators and Contexts, University Press of Mississippi, ISBN9781604737929 Meskin, A. and Cook, R. T. and Ellis, W
Funny animal
–
Disney's
Pluto consistently exhibits dog-like behaviors, like digging, barking, and chewing bones. Funny animals like
Goofy, however, behave more like humans. They often walk upright, wear clothes, hold jobs, etc. While other characters acknowledge that Goofy is a dog, he is still treated as if he were human.
27.
Fluppy Dogs
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Disneys Fluppy Dogs is a one-hour animated television special which aired on November 27,1986 on ABC, and was intended to be a pilot for the third Walt Disney Television animated series. The special suffered low ratings and it was cancelled and it featured five pastel-colored talking dogs that came through a fluppy interdimensional doorway and into the lives of Jamie and his teenage neighbor Claire. The dogs were the prey of the evil miser Wagstaff. They become lost between worlds while trying to find their way home and end up on Earth, mistaken for regular dogs, they are captured and placed in a pound. As their only means of escape, Stanley, the leader of the Fluppies, manages to get a woman to him as a pet for her son, Jamie. Jamie is disappointed at this new dog, which is smaller than he hoped, taking the opportunity, Stanley escapes his leash and makes a break for it, but Jamie pursues him so as to not anger his mother for losing the new pet so soon. Unfortunately, the leads to a construction site and Jamie finds himself in danger, forcing Stanley to reveal his intelligence. Meanwhile, Wagstaff, a collector of exotic animals, recognizes the Fluppies. Now with a secret, Stanley explains the situation and Jamie offers to help, unfortunately, the boy only has enough money to purchase one of Stanleys compatriots, Tippi, and his mother wont let him keep her. Fortunately, Jaimies neighbour Claire eagerly agrees to take her in and that night, as Jamie and Stanley sleep, the boy reflexively scratches the Fluppys head, which causes their bed to fly. At the pound, Stanley and Tippi manage to free their friends and barely avoid Wagstaff, the next day, the Fluppies depart to find another dimensional portal, but are forced to ask Jamie to cut school to help them access it. This portal turns out to lead to a world. Although the gang manages to put the house in order before Jamies mother returns, shes upset at Jamie playing hooky, Jamie struggles to answer without betraying his friends. Hoping to avoid ruining Jamies life any more, some of the Fluppies continue their search on their own while Stanley, the venturing Fluppies come to a library and finally locate the portal to their home world. Unfortunately, while they are returning to tell the other Fluppies the great news, Wagstaff captures Ozzie, forcing Stanley, Jamie sees them depart in Claires car as he and the youngest Fluppies ride on the creature in pursuit. Unfortunately, Wagstaff was expecting this and manages to capture Stanley and Tippi in his home, with a desperate plan, the Fluppies convince Wagstaff to let the children say goodbye and signals them to scratch on all their heads. The combined strength of this magic tears the entire section of Wagstaffs house into the air, as the occupants struggle to keep their footing with the violent jostling, the Fluppies reach the portal at the front of the library and they crash land the building in front of it. As they struggle to open this portal, which enters into the Fluppies home dimension, Wagstaff, before Wagstaff and his butler can exit, the door closes permanently, leaving Jamie and Claire alone in their own reality
Fluppy Dogs
–
Disney's Fluppy Dogs
28.
American Broadcasting Company
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The network is headquartered on Columbus Avenue and West 66th Street in Manhattan, New York City. There are additional offices and production facilities elsewhere in New York City, as well as in Los Angeles and Burbank. Since 2007, when ABC Radio was sold to Citadel Broadcasting, ABC originally launched on October 12,1943, as a radio network, separated from and serving as the successor to the NBC Blue Network, which had been purchased by Edward J. Noble. It extended its operations to television in 1948, following in the footsteps of established broadcast networks CBS, in the mid-1950s, ABC merged with United Paramount Theatres, a chain of movie theaters that formerly operated as a subsidiary of Paramount Pictures. Leonard Goldenson, who had been the head of UPT, made the new television network profitable by helping develop, in 1996, most of Capital Cities/ABCs assets were purchased by The Walt Disney Company. The television network has eight owned-and-operated and over 232 affiliated television stations throughout the United States, most Canadians have access to at least one U. S. ABC News provides news and features content for radio stations owned by Citadel Broadcasting. In the 1930s, radio in the United States was dominated by three companies, the Columbia Broadcasting System, the Mutual Broadcasting System and the National Broadcasting Company. The last was owned by electronics manufacturer Radio Corporation of America, in 1938, the FCC began a series of investigations into the practices of radio networks and published its report on the broadcasting of network radio programs in 1940. The report recommended that RCA give up control of either NBC Red or NBC Blue, at that time, the NBC Red Network was the principal radio network in the United States and, according to the FCC, RCA was using NBC Blue to eliminate any hint of competition. Once Mutuals appeals against the FCC were rejected, RCA decided to sell NBC Blue in 1941, the newly separated NBC Red and NBC Blue divided their respective corporate assets. Investment firm Dillon, Read & Co. offered $7.5 million to purchase the network, Edward John Noble, the owner of Life Savers candy, drugstore chain Rexall and New York City radio station WMCA, purchased the network for $8 million. Due to FCC ownership rules, the transaction, which was to include the purchase of three RCA stations by Noble, would require him to resell his station with the FCCs approval, the Commission authorized the transaction on October 12,1943. Soon afterward, the Blue Network was purchased by the new company Noble founded, Noble subsequently acquired the rights to the American Broadcasting Company name from George B. Meanwhile, in August 1944, the West Coast division of the Blue Network, both stations were then managed by Don Searle, the vice-president of the Blue Networks West Coast division. The ABC Radio Network created its audience slowly, the network also became known for such suspenseful dramas as Sherlock Holmes, Gang Busters and Counterspy, as well as several mid-afternoon youth-oriented programs. S. From Nazi Germany after its conquest, to pre-record its programming, while its radio network was undergoing reconstruction, ABC found it difficult to avoid falling behind on the new medium of television. To ensure a space, in 1947, ABC submitted five applications for television station licenses, the ABC television network made its debut on April 19,1948, with WFIL-TV in Philadelphia becoming its first primary affiliate
American Broadcasting Company
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ABC's corporate headquarters are located at 77 West 66th Street, on the
Upper West Side of
Manhattan in
New York City.
American Broadcasting Company
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American Broadcasting Company
American Broadcasting Company
–
Edward Noble, founder of ABC
American Broadcasting Company
–
In 2002, dancers and other cast members from the 32-year run of American Bandstand reunited with host
Dick Clark to celebrate the 50th anniversary of the show's local television debut.
29.
Thanksgiving (United States)
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Thanksgiving, or Thanksgiving Day, is a public holiday celebrated on the fourth Thursday of November in the United States. It originated as a harvest festival, Thanksgiving has been celebrated nationally on and off since 1789, after a proclamation by George Washington. Together with Christmas and the New Year, Thanksgiving is a part of the holiday season. The event that Americans commonly call the First Thanksgiving was celebrated by the Pilgrims after their first harvest in the New World in October 1621 and this feast lasted three days, and—as accounted by attendee Edward Winslow—it was attended by 90 Native Americans and 53 Pilgrims. The New England colonists were accustomed to regularly celebrating thanksgivings—days of prayer thanking God for blessings such as military victory or the end of a drought. Setting aside time to give thanks for blessings, along with holding feasts to celebrate a harvest, are both practices that long predate the European settlement of North America. The first documented thanksgiving services in territory belonging to the United States were conducted by Spaniards. Thanksgiving services were routine in what became the Commonwealth of Virginia as early as 1607, with the first permanent settlement of Jamestown, in 1619,38 English settlers arrived at Berkeley Hundred in Charles City County, Virginia. The groups London Company charter specifically required that the day of our ships arrival at the place assigned, in the land of Virginia shall be yearly and perpetually kept holy as a day of thanksgiving to Almighty God. Americans also trace the Thanksgiving holiday to a 1621 celebration at the Plymouth Plantation, autumn or early winter feasts continued sporadically in later years, first as an impromptu religious observance, and later as a civil tradition. Squanto, a Patuxet Native American who resided with the Wampanoag tribe, taught the Pilgrims how to catch eel and grow corn, squanto had learned the English language during his enslavement in England. The Wampanoag leader Massasoit had given food to the colonists during the first winter when supplies brought from England were insufficient, the Pilgrims celebrated at Plymouth for three days after their first harvest in 1621. Seventeenth-century accounts do not identify this as a thanksgiving observance, rather it followed the harvest and it included 50 persons who were on the Mayflower and 90 Native Americans. The feast was cooked by the four adult Pilgrim women who survived their first winter in the New World, along with young daughters, two colonists gave personal accounts of the 1621 feast in Plymouth. The Pilgrims, most of whom were Separatists, are not to be confused with Puritans, both groups were strict Calvinists, but differed in their views regarding the Church of England. Puritans wished to remain in the Anglican Church and reform it, for as some were thus employed in affairs abroad, others were exercised in fishing, about cod and bass and other fish, of which they took good store, of which every family had their portion. All the summer there was no want, and now began to come in store of fowl, as winter approached, and besides waterfowl there was great store of wild turkeys, of which they took many, besides venison, etc. Besides, they had about a peck a meal a week to a person, or now since harvest, which made many afterwards write so largely of their plenty here to their friends in England, which were not feigned but true reports
Thanksgiving (United States)
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Saying grace before carving a turkey at Thanksgiving dinner in
Neffsville, Pennsylvania, 1942
Thanksgiving (United States)
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The First Thanksgiving 1621, oil on canvas by
Jean Leon Gerome Ferris (1899). The painting shows common misconceptions about the event that persist to modern times: Pilgrims did not wear such outfits, and the Wampanoag are dressed in the style of
Native Americans from the Great Plains.
Thanksgiving (United States)
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The First Thanksgiving at Plymouth, oil on canvas by
Jennie Augusta Brownscombe (1914)
Thanksgiving (United States)
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George Washington's Thanksgiving Proclamation, 1789 (top) and 1795
30.
DuckTales
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DuckTales is an American animated television series produced by Walt Disney Television Animation. It premiered on September 18,1987 and ended on November 28,1990 with a total of four seasons and 100 episodes. An animated theatrical film based on the series, DuckTales the Movie. The voice cast from the series reprised their roles for the film, DuckTales is based on Uncle Scrooge and other Duck universe comic books, created by Carl Barks. The show follows the adventures of Scrooge McDuck and his three grandnephews, Huey, Dewey, and Louie, the most notable antagonists in the series are the Beagle Boys, the witch Magica De Spell, and the industrialist Flintheart Glomgold. In a typical story, the villains are after McDucks fortune or his Number One Dime, although some stories are original or based on Barks comic book series, others are pastiches on classical stories or legends, including characters based on either fictional or historical persons. The series is known for its references to popular culture, including Shakespeare, Jack the Ripper, Greek mythology, James Bond, Indiana Jones. One of the characters created for DuckTales, Launchpad McQuack, later became a character in the series Darkwing Duck. The popular theme song for DuckTales was written by Mark Mueller, on February 25,2015, Disney XD announced it would be reviving the series for a 2017 premiere. The show features the adventures of Scrooge McDuck and his great-nephews, the nephews, who were originally living with their uncle Donald, are left in Scrooges care when Donald joins the U. S. Navy. Though Scrooge is the richest duck in the world, he tries to find ways to increase his wealth. Many episodes involve protecting his wealth from villains who want to rob Scrooge of all his money, the prominent recurring antagonists in the show include the Beagle Boys and Magica De Spell who are always finding ways to rob and swindle Scrooge and his nephews. Scrooges nemesis in the show is Flintheart Glomgold, the second-richest duck in the world, a few of the stories also surround Scrooges Number One Dime, the first money Scrooge ever earned, which Scrooge considers to be the source of his good luck and wealth. Scrooge keeps the dime in a jar in his money vault. The shows second season saw the addition of characters Fenton Crackshell, along with them came stories that generally shifted away from the globetrotting plots of the first season, and revolved primarily in the contemporary setting of Duckburg. Episodes would feature either Bubba or Fenton but rarely both, although Scrooge and his nephews were the shows main characters, some episodes focused on other characters like Launchpad or Gyro. Some members of Scrooges extended family, like Gladstone Gander who had good luck, were also seen in the series. A world broadcast premiere television movie first aired during the weekend of September 18–20,1987, since then, it has been shown in the series regular rotation as a five-part serial
DuckTales
–
DuckTales
DuckTales
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Magica De Spell and three of the Beagle Boys.
31.
DuckTales the Movie: Treasure of the Lost Lamp
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DuckTales the Movie, Treasure of the Lost Lamp is a 1990 animated adventure comedy fantasy film based on the animated television series DuckTales. Released by Walt Disney Pictures on August 3,1990, it was the first animated feature released by Walt Disney Pictures and Walt Disney Television Animation. Although initially disappointed when the chest seems to contain old clothes. Guided by the thief Dijon, they set out to find the lost treasure, not realizing that Dijon actually works for the evil sorcerer Merlock, the group discovers Collie Babas treasure in a sand-covered pyramid. Webby sees a lamp in the treasure, which Scrooge lets her keep since it does not hold any value, after packing up the treasure for transport, Scrooge and his group are trapped in a room full of monstrous scorpions by Merlock and Dijon, who steal the treasure. However, Merlock discovers that the lamp has been stolen, he drags Dijon with him to locate it, Scrooge and his friends manage to escape from the pyramid and, with nothing more than Webbys lamp, depart for Duckburg. Days later, the children discover the lamp holds a Genie, ecstatic about his freedom, the Genie grants the four children 3 wishes each, to trick Scrooge, he poses as the boys Woodchuck scout friend Gene. Their wishes include an elephant and a giant ice cream sundae. Collie Baba stole the lamp from Merlock and hid it away with his treasure and they must prevent Merlock from obtaining the lamp or the world will suffer. The next day, Webby uses her last wish to bring all her toys to life, wishing to impress the Archeological Society at their annual ball, Scrooge wishes for the treasure of Collie Baba, and brings the lamp and the Genie with him to the ball. He is followed by Merlock and Dijon, who violently ambush Scrooge, having wished for Scrooges fortune, Dijon takes possession of the Money Bin and has Scrooge arrested for trespassing. However, Scrooge is immediately bailed out by Launchpad, his nephews, Webby, Mrs. Beakley and Duckworth, Scrooge, the nephews and Webby infiltrate the Money Bin in an attempt to steal the lamp, but are stopped by Merlock, who recovers the lamp. When an indignant Scrooge threatens him, Merlock wishes him out of my house, the nephews use a slingshot to knock the lamp out of Merlocks hands, tossing it to Scrooge, who loses his grip and falls towards the earth. Merlock recovers his talisman and pursues as a gryphon, grappling with Scrooge in the air, Scrooge knocks the talisman from Merlocks hand, and the sorcerer falls to his death. Recovering the lamp, Scrooge uses his wish to return himself, his family. Back in the Money Bin, Scrooge declares that hes had enough of all this wishing, instead, he wishes for Genie to become a real boy. Without the Genie, the lamp crumbles to dust, while the children play with their newest friend, Scrooge discovers Dijon, recovered from Merlocks wish, stuffing his trousers with his money. Scrooge chases him outside, yelling Somebody stop those pants, id like to add that this little movie ended up being quite important because of the many notable animation professionals who got their start on this project
DuckTales the Movie: Treasure of the Lost Lamp
–
Original theatrical poster by
Drew Struzan, parodying
Indiana Jones
32.
Darkwing Duck
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It featured the eponymous anthropomorphic duck superhero whose alter ego is suburban father Drake Mallard. On April 2,2015, a rumor surfaced that Disney would be rebooting the series for a 2018 premiere and this has since been debunked, instead it has returned as a comic book published by Joe Books, which premiered on April 27,2016. Though originally believed by fans to be a spin-off of DuckTales. Darkwing Duck tells the adventures of the superhero, aided by his sidekick. In his secret identity of Drake Mallard, he lives in a suburban house with his adopted daughter Gosalyn. Darkwing struggles to balance his egotistical craving for fame and attention against his desire to be a father to Gosalyn. Most episodes put these two aspects of Darkwings character in conflict, though Darkwings better nature usually prevails. The show was the first Disney Afternoon series to emphasize rather than adventure. While conflict with villains was routine in earlier Disney Afternoon shows, Darkwing Duck was also the first Disney Afternoon property that was produced completely as a genre parody. Prior shows would contain elements of parody in certain episodes, but would otherwise be straight-faced adventure concepts, by contrast, every episode of Darkwing Duck is laden with references to superhero, pulp adventure, or super-spy fiction. Darkwing Duck himself is a satirical character, the fictional city of St. Canard is a direct parody of Gotham City. Darkwing Duck was developed as a replacement for a proposed reboot of The Rocky and Bullwinkle Show. The show was a spin-off of the successful series DuckTales. Darkwing Duck entered production one year after DuckTales ended. The name The Masked Mallard became an often used in the new show to refer to Darkwing himself. It turned out that the title Double-O Duck could not be used as the Broccoli family owned the double-o title, a new name was selected, Darkwing Duck. Thus, Stones designed a new character for the lead, Drake Mallard and this name would result in a new look. Other elements of the show, such as Darkwings habit of coining new catchphrases every time he announced himself, where most prior Disney Afternoon series included at least some characters from classic Disney animation, Darkwing Duck featured a completely original cast
Darkwing Duck
–
Darkwing Duck
33.
Quack Pack
–
Quack Pack is an American animated television series produced by Walt Disney Television Animation, featuring Donald Duck and his nephews. The show debuted on September 3,1996 as a part of the Disney Afternoon programming block, the series ran one season with 39 episodes. Co-Producers Kevin Crosby Hopps and Toby Shelton turned to Donald Duck shorts for inspiration for Quack Pack, Shelton noted that in the shorts, Donald mostly interacted with humans, and decided to incorporate humans into the world of Quack Pack. This contrasted with DuckTales, a previous Disney Afternoon series, where the world is inhabited by anthropomorphic animals. Shelton considers Quack Pack as more of an extension of the original Donald Duck shorts than of DuckTales, the show was created to give each of the nephews their own voices and personalities. Huey was the smooth-talker and schemer, Louie was the athlete and oddball, the original title of the show was Duck Daze, but was changed to Quack Pack before release. There are still references to Duck Daze in the theme song, after Quack Pack left the Disney Afternoon block, it eventually resurfaced in reruns on Disney Channel, and later on Toon Disney. It was removed from the line up along with several other classic Disney shows in November 2004. The show centers around Donald and teenaged versions of his nephews Huey, Dewey, the actual age of the boys is not made certain. Donald works as a cameraman alongside Daisy, who is a reporter, the group travel around the world looking for a big scoop. The three boys are triplets but Huey had once referred to Dewey and Louie as his baby brothers, Huey must have been the first to be born, therefore making him the eldest of the brothers. Huey, Dewey and Louie have more distinctive personalities than when they had presented as younger. They usually resort to extreme and strange measures to avoid getting into trouble with their uncle and they usually do this by tricking Donald, or whoever else they wish to manipulate. But they usually feel guilty for any of the wrongdoings they had performed which may have loved ones. They also share a knowledge of cars and mechanics. But there are aspects of their personalities that stand out more in each of them. Donald Duck - Wears a blue Hawaiian shirt with red flowers on it and he is Huey, Dewey and Louies uncle/guardian who refer to him as Uncle D if not Uncle Donald. All of them together in Donalds house
Quack Pack
–
Quack Pack title card
34.
DisneyToon Studios
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DisneyToon Studios, originally Disney MovieToons and was also Disney Video Premieres, is an American animation studio which creates direct-to-video and occasional theatrical animated feature films. The studio is a division of Walt Disney Animation Studios, with both being part of The Walt Disney Studios itself a division of The Walt Disney Company. The studio has produced 47 feature films, beginning with DuckTales the Movie, Treasure of the Lost Lamp, its most recent is Tinker Bell and the Legend of the NeverBeast. Disney MovieToons first feature production was in 1990 with DuckTales the Movie, Disney Television Animation hired a director of specials, Sharon Morrill, in 1993. Disney began producing direct-to-video sequels of Walt Disney Feature Animation films, with work handed out to both the Australian and Japanese animation units, the opening story was instead green lit for a direct-to-video release. Thus with The Return of Jafar and its success, the unit started. Then a second sequel, Aladdin and the King of Thieves, Morrill was in charge of the above first Aladdin DTV film launching Disney Video Premiere. Morrill expanded the DTV market making it important for Disney thus the overseas Disney studios were increasing assigned to these features. Morrill was promoted to president of Direct to Video by November 1997. WDT would be headed by Charles Hirschhorn as president and consist of Disney Telefilms and Disney TV animation group including Disney MovieToons, the unit released a short in 1997, Redux Riding Hood, under the WDTA name that was nominated for an 1998 Academy Award. Morrill continued to lead the division as vice president. With the split, both DisneyToon and Disney Television Animation were issuing direct to video features, Disney closed Disney Animation Japan, one of the two remaining internal overseas studios DisneyToon worked with, in early June 2004 with Poohs Heffalump Movie to be its final DTS work. By March 2005, Morrill was promoted to president of DisneyToon, on July 25,2005, Disney announced that it was closing DisneyToon Studios Australia in October 2006, after 17 years of existence, with its final feature being Cinderella III, A Twist in Time. While DCP eyed other potential franchises, DTS looked to the Seven Dwarfs for a male centric franchise to counterbalance the female centric Fairies by 2005. John Lasseter joining Disney with the purchase of Pixar Animation Studios made it clear that he disliked DisneyToons undercutting the value of the animated films with the sequel and prequel. Following complications relating to the production of Tinker Bell, the film of DCPs Fairies franchise. Thus, Sharon Morill, president of the studio, moved to a new position in the company, on June 22,2007, management of DisneyToon Studios was turned over to the control of Alan Bergman, president of Disney Studios, with input from Ed Catmull and Lasseter. As chief creative officer, Lasseter called for the cancellation of all films in production or development at DisneyToon Studios
DisneyToon Studios
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DisneyToon Studios headquarters in Glendale, California
35.
The New Adventures of Winnie the Pooh
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It has been released on VHS and DVD. The New Adventures of Winnie the Pooh first aired in January 1988 on The Disney Channel, the show moved to ABC in September of that same year. For the 1989-90 season, it was paired with Disneys Adventures of the Gummi Bears as the Gummi Bears-Winnie the Pooh Hour, after the final regular episode was shown in October 1991, reruns continued to air on ABC until September 4,1993. On December 9,1995, before Disney took over ABCs Saturday Morning programming, The New Adventures of Winnie the Pooh was brought back in reruns, the Disney Channel began reruns of the series on October 3,1994, which continued to air until September 1,2006. The show also aired on Playhouse Disney from 1999 to 2006, in the UK, the program aired from 2000 to 2011 on Playhouse Disney. Although the series is set in Ashdown Forest/Hartfield in East Sussex, in some countries, this show had been a part of The Disney Afternoon lineup. The show featured a number of songs, including Here We Go Floating from the episode Balloonatics. From 1989 into the 1990s, various VHS tapes were released in the United States each containing 2 to 4 episodes, several more were later released in the 2000s. Other countries had their own exclusive VHS releases, there were 10 volumes under the title The New Adventures of Winnie the Pooh, released in the United States between 1989 and 1991 through Walt Disney Home Video. This list is for VHS releases in the UK, Australia, the following were released under the title Winnie the Pooh, Learning. The following were released under the title Winnie the Pooh, Playtime, the following were released under the title Winnie the Pooh, Friendship. Region 1, Between 2002 and 2010, several episodes of the series were released on DVD, between 2005 and 2006, four DVDs were released as part of the Growing Up with Winnie the Pooh series. Each DVD would feature 4 episodes, and sometimes it would include a double-length episode and these DVDs were targeted for preschoolers. The episodes Magic Earmuffs and The Wishing Bear were made available as Bonus Shorts on the 10th Anniversary DVD release of Winnie the Pooh, Seasons of Giving. Region 2, In addition to, Winnie the Pooh, A Very Merry Pooh Year, Winnie the Pooh, Spookable Fun and Boo to You, Too. Winnie the Pooh, Seasons of Giving, and Winnie the Pooh, Un-Valentines Day and A Valentine for You eight DVDs were released as part of the The Magical World of Winnie the Pooh series
The New Adventures of Winnie the Pooh
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The New Adventures of Winnie the Pooh
36.
The Disney Afternoon
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Before and after its cancellation, the shows in the block were rerun both on The Disney Channel and on Toon Disney. Starting on October 2,1995, four of the shows were rerun on The Disney Channel as a programming block called Block Party which aired on weekdays in the late-afternoon/early-evening. Several of the shows are available on DVD in the United States. The Disney Afternoons two-hour block was broken up into four half-hour segments, as each season ended, the first series shown in the lineup would typically be dropped while the remaining three would move up a time slot, and a new one would be added to the end. The Disney Afternoon itself featured unique animated segments consisting of its own opening, the Disney Afternoon originally ran from September 10,1990 to August 29,1997. For the 1997 and 1998 television seasons, it was replaced by a block, shortened to 90 minutes. Some of the shows aired on Saturday mornings on ABC or CBS concurrently with their original syndicated runs on The Disney Afternoon. These two shows had been packaged together as a one-hour-long cartoon block from 1989 to 1990, until both shows were incorporated into The Disney Afternoon in September 1990 and this is mainly due to Fox Kids expanding their afternoon lineup to two hours. Some of The Disney Afternoons later additions were inspired by shorter cartoon segments in the short-lived series Raw Toonage, for example, the shows Marsupilami segment was spun off into the series Marsupilami which in turn spawned The Shnookums and Meat Funny Cartoon Show which aired on the block. Likewise, the Raw Toonage segment Hes Bonkers. was spun off into the series Bonkers which aired on the block. Beginning with the 1994 season, Marvel Comics began publishing a book series based on the programs featured on the block. The series mainly consisted of stories based on Darkwing Duck, with stories featuring Chip n Dale Rescue Rangers. It ended at 10 issues, but stories based on the shows continued in Marvels Disney Comic Hits. Leo Burnett established a partnership with Kelloggs—who had been a sponsor of The Disney Afternoon. The revamped block, downsized to 90 minutes, debuted on September 1,1997 to replace The Disney Afternoon, the new block did not carry any blanket branding, but was referred to internally as the Disney-Kellogg Alliance. In 1998, Disney reached a deal to program a new block for UPN, Disneys One Too. The syndicated block ran until the debut of One Too on September 6,1999. The shows that aired from 1997 to 1998 were DuckTales, Quack Pack, Mighty Ducks and 101 Dalmatians, The Series, and from 1998 to 1999 it was formed by DuckTales, Disneys Doug and Hercules
The Disney Afternoon
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The Disney Afternoon gang
37.
Jeffrey Katzenberg
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Jeffrey Katzenberg is an American businessman, film studio executive and film producer. As a founder and CEO of DreamWorks Animation, he has overseen the production of such animated franchises as Shrek, Madagascar, Kung Fu Panda, Monsters vs. Aliens and he has since founded a new media and technology company called WndrCo. Katzenberg has also involved in politics. With his active support of Barack Obama, he was called one of Hollywoods premier political kingmakers, Katzenberg was born in New York City, to a Jewish family, the son of Anne, an artist, and Walter Katzenberg, a stockbroker. He attended the Ethical Culture Fieldston School, graduating in 1969, when he was 14, Katzenberg volunteered to work on Republican John Lindsays successful New York mayoral campaign. He quickly received the nickname Squirt and attended as many meetings as he could, Katzenberg began his career as an assistant to producer David Picker, then in 1974 he became an assistant to Barry Diller, the Chairman of Paramount Pictures. He continued to work his way up and became president of production under Paramounts president, in 1984, Michael Eisner became Chief Executive Officer at The Walt Disney Company. Eisner brought Katzenberg with him to charge of Disney’s motion picture division. Katzenberg was responsible for reviving the studio which, at the time, by 1987, Disney had become the number-one studio at the box office. Katzenberg also oversaw Touchstone Television, which produced such hit TV series as The Golden Girls, under his management, the animation department eventually began creating some of Disneys most critically acclaimed and highest grossing animated features. In addition, Katzenberg also sealed the deal created the highly successful partnership between Pixar and Disney and the deal that brought Miramax Films into Disney. Concerns arose internally at Disney, particularly from Roy E. Disney, when Eisner’s second in command, Frank Wells, died in a helicopter crash in 1994, Eisner refused to promote Katzenberg to the vacated position of president. Tensions between Katzenberg, Eisner and Disney resulted in Katzenberg being forced to resign from the company that October, Katzenberg launched a lawsuit against Disney to recover money he felt he was owed and settled out of court for an estimated $250 million. Later in 1994, Katzenberg co-founded DreamWorks SKG with Steven Spielberg and David Geffen, since then, DreamWorks animated feature films have been consistently successful financially and critically with several Annie Awards and Academy Awards nominations and wins. In 2004, DreamWorks Animation was spun off from DreamWorks as a company headed by Katzenberg in an IPO and has recorded mostly profitable quarters since then. The live-action DreamWorks movie studio was sold to Viacom in December 2005, in 2008, the live-action DreamWorks studio again became an independent production company, releasing its films through Disney. In 2006, Katzenberg made an appearance on the season of The Apprentice. He awarded the winners a opportunity to be character voices in Over the Hedge
Jeffrey Katzenberg
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Katzenberg in December 2012.
Jeffrey Katzenberg
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Katzenberg at the
34th Annie Awards
Jeffrey Katzenberg
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United States president Barack Obama presenting to Katzenberg the 2013
National Medal of Arts
Jeffrey Katzenberg
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Marilyn and Jeffrey Katzenberg in 2010.
38.
The Walt Disney Studios (division)
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The Walt Disney Studios is an American film studio, one of the four major businesses of The Walt Disney Company and the main component of its Studio Entertainment segment. The studio, best known for its film division, which is one of Hollywoods major film studios, is based at the eponymous Walt Disney Studios in Burbank. The Studios generated an income of $2.703 billion during the 2016 fiscal year. The studio entertainment business alone brought in $5.83 billion in 2012, the Walt Disney Studios is a member of the Motion Picture Association of America. Walt Disney Productions began production of their first feature-length animated film in 1934, taking three years to complete, Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs, premiered in December 1937 and became the highest-grossing film of that time by 1939. In the 1940s, Disney began experimenting with full-length live-action films, with the introduction of hybrid live action-animated films such as The Reluctant Dragon and Song of the South. By 1953, the company ended their agreements with such third-party distributors as RKO Radio Pictures and United Artists and formed their own distribution company, the Walt Disney Productions film division was incorporated on April 1,1983 as Walt Disney Pictures. In April 1983, Richard Berger was hired by Disney CEO Ron W. Miller as film president. Touchstone Films was started by Miller in February 1984 as a label for their PG-rated films with a half of Disneys 6 to 8 movies yearly slate would be released under the label. Touchstone and Hollywood Pictures were formed within that unit on February 15,1984, organized in 1985, Silver Screen Partners II, L. P. financed films for Disney with $193 million in funding. In January 1987, Silver Screen III began financing movies for Disney with $300 million raised, in April 1988, Touchstone became a unit of Walt Disney Pictures with newly appointed head Ricardo Mestres. Walt Disney Television and Touchstone Television were grouped together under Garth Ancier as president of television for The Walt Disney Studios on April 18,1989. Late in the 1980s, Disney purchased a stake in one of Pacific Theatres chain leading to Disneys Buena Vista Theaters and Pacific to renovate the El Capitan Theatre. The Crest was finished first while El Capitan opened with the premiere of The Rocketeer film on June 19,1991, in September 1990, The Walt Disney Company arranged for financing up to $200 million by a unit of Nomura Securities for Interscope films made for Disney. On October 23,1990, Disney formed Touchwood Pacific Partners I to supplant the Silver Screen Partnership series as their movie studios primary funding source, in 1992, Walt Disney Studios agreed to fund a production company, Caravan Pictures, for exiting 20th Century Fox chairman Joe Roth. In 1993, Miramax Films was purchased for $60 million by Disney, instead Pineland agreed to an unsolicited bid in May from Chris-Craft Industries thus ending the planned business merger with Disneys KCAL. David Hoberman was promoted by Katzenberg to president of motion pictures at Walt Disney Studios in April 1994 from president of Walt Disney Pictures, while Ricardo Mestres was forced out as president of Hollywood Pictures in exchange for a production deal. On August 24,1994 with Katzenbergs resignation, Walt Disney Studios was reorganized spinning out a new TV group, Richard Frank became head of newly formed Walt Disney Television and Telecommunications
The Walt Disney Studios (division)
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The Walt Disney Studios
39.
Animation studios owned by The Walt Disney Company
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These expanded the companys animation output into television, direct-to-video, and digital releases, in addition to its primary feature animation releases. Currently Walt Disney Animation Studios, Pixar, DisneyToon Studios and Lucasfilm Animation are parts of The Walt Disney Studios unit, for example, certain Studio Ghibli films were distributed by Disney internationally but never owned by the company. Also, Miramax, an operating unit of the Walt Disney Studios. In January 2003, Disney initiated a reorganization of its theatrical and animation units to improve resource usage and continued focus on new characters, TV Animation was transferred to Disney Channel Worldwide. Disney MovieToons/Disney Video Premieres unit was transferred from Television Animation to Feature Animation, with Disneys acquisition of Capital Cities/ABC in 1996 came another animated unit, DIC Entertainment. DiC management arranged for DiC to become independent from Disney on November 17,2000, greengrass Productions is a unit of ABC at the time CC/ABC was acquired by Disney and produced some animation. Disney purchased Fox Family Worldwide on October 24,2001 for the Fox Family Channel and also received ownership of several units, including Saban Entertainment. Fox Family, Fox Kids international, Saban Entertainment and Saban International N. V. were renamed ABC Family, Jetix, Sensation Animation, the Saban library included the acquired Marvel Productions and Marvel Film Animation library. Its offices were in the backlot of the Disney-MGM Studios theme park, the company had primarily animated Brother Bear, Lilo & Stitch and Mulan. Walt Disney Animation placed Max Howard in charge of starting up it Florida animation studio in 1988, Walt Disney Feature Animation Florida began operations in May 1989. The division was planned to work on featurettes and shorts that they could do on its own. 70 animators including Disney veteran supervising animator Mark Henn were hired by 1990, on October 7,1992, the Florida unit was incorporated. On April 22,1998, Walt Disney Feature Animation Florida moved to a new $70 million facility at the Disney-MGM Studios, in June 1998, Florida divisions first feature film, Mulan, was released. The unit continued as a division with its form was merger out on September 30,1999. Andrew Millstein took charge of the division as vice president. In January 2003, Disney initiated a reorganization of its theatrical and animation units to improve resource usage and continued focus on new characters, additionally, Feature Animation was transferred under The Walt Disney Studios in January 2003. In June 2003,50 animators were laid off after Brother Bear finished up production, the division was developing A Few Good Ghosts until it was canceled in on November 15,2003. On January 12,2004, Disney Feature Animation President Stainton announced the shut down of Walt Disney Feature Animation Florida, some laid-off animators were offered transfers to the main studio while most chose to stay in Orlando or were recruited to work for rival animation studios
Animation studios owned by The Walt Disney Company
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Walt Disney Animation Studios' current headquarters, the
Roy E. Disney Animation Building, is located in
Burbank, California across the street from the main
Disney studio lot.
Animation studios owned by The Walt Disney Company
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The south side of the Roy E. Disney Animation Building, as seen from the public park that separates it from the Ventura Freeway.
Animation studios owned by The Walt Disney Company
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Dream Quest Images Logo
Animation studios owned by The Walt Disney Company
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The Secret Lab's last location, at 3100 Thornton Avenue in Burbank, California
40.
Walt Disney Television
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Walt Disney Television was the name of the television production division of The Walt Disney Company. Walt Disney Televisions television productions are broadcast, mostly on Disney Channel, Playhouse Disney, Toon Disney, ABC, Disney Cinemagic, while initially not interest in television back in the 1930s, Walt Disney changed his mind seeing TV at least as a promotional tool. Most studios were generating revenue by selling off their permanent TV right to their film made before 1948, thus Walt Disney Productions was the first of the film industry, which saw TV as an adversary, to enter the TV production field. Disney Productions did a special on Christmas Day 1950 for NBC then in 1951 for CBS. The specials used Disney film clips, short films and promoted the upcomingAlice in Wonderland theatrical film, the networks pursued Disney to do a full series for them. The Operation Undersea episode of the series garnered Disney its first Emmy Award, the series quickly became ABCs first series to hit the top twenty in ratings. Disney entry into TV impacted the TV industry as the Disney anthology show marked a move from live to filmed delivery of TV shows, filmng made it possible for higher production value. Also, a couple of the Major film studios copied the format with The MGM Parade. With the series Davy Crockett episodes generating high sale of merchandise, Disney Productions produced The Mickey Mouse Club, the first youth audience TV and a daily afternoon show. It was formed in 1983, as the Walt Disney Pictures Television Division, until 1983, Disney shows were aired under the banner of the parent company, then named Walt Disney Productions. At the time of Walt Disney Productions merged with Capital Cities/ABC, Disney Television was a part of Walt Disney Television, with the retirement of the WDTT group president Dennis Hightower in April 1996 and ongoing post-merger reorganization, Disney TV was transferred back to The Walt Disney Studios. WDT would be headed by Charles Hirschhorn as president and consist of Wonderful World of Disney telefilms for ABC, direct to video unit, while WDNT would handle prime time programming headed by David Neuman as president. In March 1998, Walt Disney Network TV was placed under Buena Vista TV Productions, also Walt Disney Television Studio changed its name to Touchstone Television. Walt Disney Productions Television Division Walt Disney Pictures Television Division Walt Disney Pictures Television Walt Disney Television Walt Disney Pictures and Television Good Morning, the division provided movies for the The Wonderful World of Disney. With the purchase of Capital Cities/ABC, Disney CEO Michael Eisner wanted to relaunch The Wonderful World of Disney series on ABC in 1996 with a movie franchise, Walt Disney Telefilms was formed to produce films for the anthology TV series by 1995. Leah Keith was transferred from Walt Disney Pictures that year to telefilms, mike Karz, a former vice president of Mandeville Films, signed a first look deal with the company through his shingle, Karz Entertainment, to based at Disney Studios in May 1997. On September 28,1997, the division launched the anthology show, the division produced 17 films in 9 months while only expect to provide 16 movies. On October 5,1997, Disney Telefilms first production, Toothless, the Disney Television group, upon the departure of its president Dean Valentine in September 1997, was split into two units, Walt Disney Television and Walt Disney Network Television
Walt Disney Television
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Walt Disney Television
41.
Dennis Hightower
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He spent his formative years in Washington, D. C. and graduated from McKinley High School in 1958, at age 16, as class president. He entered Howard University that same year and graduated in 1962, at age 20, while at Howard, he was a student leader, a student athlete, and was the top graduating senior and a Distinguished Military Graduate of the Army ROTC program. Later, he was trained in counterintelligence and field operations intelligence, Hightower served in Vietnam with the 199th Light Infantry Brigade, and was promoted to the rank of Major at age 27. During his eight-year military career, he was awarded decorations for meritorious achievement. In addition, he holds the Combat Infantryman Badge, Expert Infantryman Badge, Ranger Tab, Hightower resigned his commission in June 1970, after early selection to attend the United States Army Command and General Staff College. After his military service, Hightower joined Xerox, and two later, he was awarded a fellowship to study at Harvard Business School, from which he earned his MBA in 1974. When Hightower retired from The Walt Disney Company, he was among the six highest-ranking African American executives in corporate America and he also taught in senior executive programs in South Africa and the Middle East. From 2000 to 2001, Hightower was CEO of Europe Online Networks and he returned to the United States to be treated for cancer. His travels for business and other purposes have taken him to 91 countries and his achievements in business have resulted in many awards bestowed by academic, business and civic organizations throughout the years. Hightower was confirmed by the United States Senate on August 7,2009 to replace John J. Sullivan and he was a member of the Presidents Management Council, the committee on foreign investment in the U. S. He resigned on August 27,2010, to return to the private sector, dennis Hightower Profile Page on BigSpeak. com
Dennis Hightower
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Dennis F. Hightower
42.
Cartoon Pizza
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Cartoon Pizza was an animation company located in Nashville. It was co-founded by Jim Jinkins and David Campbell as the successor to Jinkinss former company, Jumbo Pictures, Inc. Cartoon Pizzas logo is a picture of a pizza with a dog-like nose, in 2001, a year after Jim Jinkins former company Jumbo Pictures was closed by Disney, Jinkins and David Campbell formed Cartoon Pizza to succeed Jumbo Pictures. The studio had partnered with several studios to produce their shows, including, Disney, Sesame Workshop. The studio was formerly headquartered in New York City until 2009, among their most notable products are JoJos Circus, Pinky Dinky Doo, Stanley, and the direct-to-DVD film based on it, Stanleys Dinosaur Round-Up. The company also produced Feeling Good with JoJo, the Global Thingy shorts for Sesame Street, Monster Monster Trucks, and HoopDogz, at the time of its release, HoopDogz was heavily promoted through the Cartoon Pizza website. HoopDogz currently available to view on Pure Flix and JellyTelly, as of 2015, the company has been disbanded
Cartoon Pizza
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Cartoon Pizza
43.
Doug (TV series)
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Doug is an American animated sitcom created by Jim Jinkins. The show focuses on the adolescent life of its title character, Douglas Doug Funnie. Doug narrates each story in his journal, and the show incorporates many imagination sequences, the series addresses numerous topics, including trying to fit in, platonic and romantic relationships, self-esteem, bullying, and rumors. Numerous episodes center on Dougs attempts to impress his classmate and crush, Jinkins developed Doug from drawings in his sketchbook that he created over the course of the 1980s. Doug, a mostly autobiographical creation, was inspired by Jinkinss childhood growing up in Virginia. He first pitched Doug as a book to uninterested publishers before Nickelodeon purchased the show. Following this, the series went under development, in which Jinkins meticulously detailed every aspect of the shows setting. Jinkins was insistent that the series have a purpose, and instructed writers to each script with a moral. The shows unusual soundtrack consists largely of mouth noises, the series premiered in 1991 on the cable network Nickelodeon, as the channels first original animated content alongside Rugrats and The Ren & Stimpy Show. The series original run consisted of 52 episodes over four seasons that were broadcast from 1991 to 1994, in 1996, Disney acquired the series, retooling it with several creative changes, thus renaming it Brand Spanking New. Doug, and airing it for three years on ABCs Saturday morning lineup and it became a top-rated show, inspiring various books, merchandise, a live musical stage show, and a theatrical feature, Dougs 1st Movie, released at the series conclusion in 1999. Doug follows the adventures of title character Doug Funnie, an 11½ year-old trying his best to deal with his fears of failure and he keeps a journal, recording his various experiences over the series, which range from learning to dance to getting a bad haircut. Doug Funnie and his move from the town of Bloatsburg to Bluffington after his dad receives a job promotion. Bluffington is located in the US, but not in any specific US state, however Bluffington is loosely based on the city of Richmond, Virginia, where creator Jim Jinkins was born and raised. Beyond the title character, Doug featured an ensemble cast of characters. Many of the ancillary characters, among them Ms. Wingo. Douglas Yancey Doug Funnie, Doug is depicted as a contemplative, often anxious, extremely insecure and he wants to fit in with the crowd. He has a talent for writing, artist and he plays a banjo in his spare time, Doug narrates every episode, and writes his experiences in his journal
Doug (TV series)
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Creator
Jim Jinkins based the series on his hometown of
Richmond,
Virginia.
Doug (TV series)
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Doug
44.
TaleSpin
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The name of the show is a play on tailspin, the rapid descent of an aircraft in a steep spiral. The two words in the name, tale and spin, are a way to describe telling a story. The series was developed by writers Jymn Magon and Mark Zaslove. There were four teams, each one headed by a producer/director, Robert Taylor, Larry Latham, Jamie Mitchell. Initially, Disney simply commissioned Magon and Zaslove with creating an animated program for them. The pair then decided to have Baloo work for an air delivery service, the decision to add Shere Khan to the cast was not made until later in the shows development. Magon and Zaslove also took inspiration from Hayao Miyazakis 1989 manga Hikōtei Jidai, about a man who flies a seaplane. Two years after TaleSpin premiered, Miyazaki released an adaptation called Porco Rosso. Famed Uncle Scrooge comic writer and artist Don Rosa wrote episode 6, It Came from Beneath the Sea Duck, and episode 9, I Only Have Ice for You. After a preview of TaleSpin aired on The Disney Channel from May 5 to July 15,1990, the original concept was embodied in the pilot episode and introductory television movie Plunder & Lightning which was the sole nominee for an Emmy Award for Outstanding Animated Program in 1991. After its premiere on September 7,1990, Plunder & Lightning was re-edited into four episodes for reruns. The show was seen either on its own as a half-hour show. TaleSpin ended on its 65th episode which aired on August 8,1991, however, reruns continued to be shown on The Disney Afternoon until September 1994. Later, the show was aired on Toon Disney, where it was first aired from April 1998 until January 2006, throughout its broadcast history, the series has been subjected to numerous edits. TaleSpin is set in the city of Cape Suzette, in a fictional country called Usland. The city lies in a protected by an enormous natural cliff wall. A single cleft in the wall is the only means of access. The cleft is guarded by artillery, preventing flying rabble-rousers or air pirates from entering the city
TaleSpin
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TaleSpin 's intertitle
45.
Goof Troop
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Disneys Goof Troop is an animated comedy television series from The Walt Disney Company featuring Goofy as a father figure and bonding with his son Max, and Pete, as his neighbor. Created by Peter Montgomery, the series of 65 episodes ran in syndication from 1992 to 1993 on The Disney Afternoon. One Christmas special was produced, which ran in syndication on 1 November 1992. Goof Troop bears similarity to several early-1950s Goofy cartoon shorts which depicted Goofy as a father to a mischievous red-haired son, Goofy, a single father, moves back to his hometown of Spoonerville with his son, Max. J. and younger daughter Pistol. Max and P. J. become best friends and do everything together. A large portion of humor comes from the relatively normal Maxs personality sharply contrasting with his father, Goof Troop was originally previewed on The Disney Channel from April 20,1992 into July 12 of that year. Reruns of the series aired on The Disney Channel. Reruns were shown on Toon Disney until January 2005, the program made a return from September 2006 until August 2008, and the Christmas special still aired on Christmas in the United States. Goof Troop was adapted into the feature film A Goofy Movie and its sequel, A Goofy Movie 2. Both films are spin-offs of the series and take place a few years after the series, the two movies featured Bill Farmer, Rob Paulsen and Jim Cummings reprising their character roles from Goof Troop in these two movies, with Jason Marsden providing the voice of a now-teenager Max. Dana Hill, who provided the voice of Max, died on July 15,1996 at the age of 32, Petes wife Peg is a play on Peg Leg Pete, one of Petes names in the classic Disney shorts. Likewise, his daughter Pistol is a play on another such name, the town of Spoonerville is named after layout artist J. Michael Spooner, who designed many of the background layouts for the series. In Axed by Addition, Max uses the Doctor Howard, Doctor Fine and this line was from the Three Stooges short, Men in Black. Goofy is the father of Max Goof. This is mentioned briefly in one episode, where its said that Maxs mother is up there amongst the stars and it is a direct implication that she died in an undisclosed time. He and his son, Max, move next door to the Petes from their home in the city. Goofys biggest weaknesses are his short span, scatterbrain. He often drives his neighbor Pete up the wall, Goofy is very calm, lovable, and many times will turn the other cheek when Pete insults him, though occasionally, he does get angry and gets back at him when the offense goes too far
Goof Troop
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Title logo, featuring Goofy and Max in the foreground
46.
Bonkers (TV series)
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Bonkers is an American animated television series and a spinoff of the earlier series Raw Toonage. It aired from September 4,1993 to February 23,1994 in first-run syndication, the syndicated run was available both separately, and as part of The Disney Afternoon. Reruns of the show continued in syndication until 1995, the show was last seen on Toon Disney, but was taken off the schedule in late 2004. The premise of the series was that Bonkers D. Bobcat and he was made the junior partner of Detective Lucky Piquel, a grim and ill-tempered human who hates toons. Throughout the series, the work together to solve crimes in the Hollywood, Los Angeles. Bonkers repeatedly tried to win Piquels praise, but usually just ended up ruining missions with his antics, at the end of the Lucky episodes, Bonkers was given a new partner, the attractive Officer Miranda Wright. Although also human, she was far more patient and tolerant of his antics than was Piquel, with Miranda, Bonkers was more the brunt of the slapstick. The series played 65 episodes, as part of The Disney Afternoon and they were not created in chronological order, The Miranda episodes were actually produced first, excluding the two-part series premiere, which featured Piquel and Bonkers meeting for the first time. This discrepancy becomes evident when observing the look of the character in both sets of episodes. In the Raw Toonage shorts, Bonkers was orange with one spot, golf-club-like ears. When the Lucky Piquel episodes were made, the character had an overhaul, skinnier ears. The Miranda Wright-era episodes use Bonkerss original look from Raw Toonage, the series also occasionally featured episodes of cartoons from Bonkerss pre-police actor days, all lifted from the Raw Toonage series. While this works for explaining the two designs in context, New partners does not show or explain why he decided to use his make up version for every day. The Raw Toonage shorts were an after-thought of production, while the Bonkers series was in pre-production, the Raw Toonage team, headed by Larry Latham produced 12 Hes Bonkers shorts. These shorts were, in the context of Bonkers, explained to be some of the shorts Bonkers made at Wackytoons Studios before he was fired. The animated short entitled Petal to the Metal was originally shown in theaters in 1992 before the feature movie 3 Ninjas, in syndication, the shorts were collected into four full episodes with fillers of new material in between. Meanwhile, Duane Capizzi, making his debut, was brought into the fold and teamed with animation veteran Robert Hathcock. The episodes theoretically would feature Bonkers with Wright as his partner and these episodes came back from overseas animation studios looking less than spectacular, causing considerable concern at Disney
Bonkers (TV series)
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Bonkers ' intertitle
Bonkers (TV series)
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Bonkers, as he appears in the series
Bonkers (TV series)
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Lucky Piquel, as he appears in the series.
Bonkers (TV series)
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Marylin Piquel, Lucky's daughter.
47.
Aladdin (TV series)
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Aladdin is an animated television series made by Walt Disney Television Animation which aired from 1994 to 1995, based on the original 1992 Disney film of the same name. It was animated at the Slightly Offbeat Productions Studios in Penrose, Auckland, the series is set after The Return of Jafar and picked up where the installment left off. The series was produced by Alan Zaslove and Tad Stones, who were renowned for their work on Chip n Dale Rescue Rangers. Many of the films stars provided the voices of their TV counterparts, with the exceptions of Dan Castellaneta filling in for Robin Williams in the Genie role. Unlike The Little Mermaid, the series does not feature any musical numbers. Aladdin TV series are to led more two direct-to-videos followed by, The Return of Jafar, was released on May 20,1994 and Aladdin, Disney Channel reran the series in the late-1990s until it was replaced by their pre-teen lineup. The show was shown on Toon Disney, until 2009 when the channel shutdown. After Jafars death, Aladdin continues his duty as the saviour of Agrabah and he and his friends continue their adventure, exploring the world and protecting Agrabah from the group of villains. The animated television series are done the animation by Walt Disney Television Animation Pty. Limited, Walt Disney Animation Japan, sunwoo Animation Co. Ltd. and Jaime Diaz Productions. Additional Production Facility by Jade Animation, Light Foot, Nakumara Production, Studios CATS, Studios Fuga, Studios Robin and Takahashi Productions. Aladdin, He was originally a street urchin who stole food to survive, but his life changed when he met and fell in love with Jasmine, Aladdin is engaged to marry Jasmine and will eventually become Prince and someday Sultan. He learns of his future responsibilities while protecting the kingdom from monsters, sorcerers, Princess Jasmine, She was forced by her father to marry a prince, but her life changed for the better when she ran away from home and met the man of her dreams, Aladdin. Jasmine is no ordinary princess as she is independent and wants to live a life where she is free to make her own choices, Genie, Freed from his lamp and able to use his magic freely, Genie helps Aladdin in his adventures to protect Agrabah. However, Genies magic does not always work as others would like it as much of his power was taken away once he was freed, but with or without his magic his friends love him for who he is. Iago, Though he may have changed his ways and is now on the side of good, Iago is still rather greedy and someday wishes to have riches, Iago causes trouble for the gang as he leads them on treasure hunts that turn out to be dangerous. Though he may not be the most likeable bird, Iago has a heart of gold, the Sultan Abu, The loveable yet troublesome best friend of Aladdin. Abu is known to be a thief and has his eyes set on gold and jewels. Abu and Iago have become friends and work together on many occasions to gain money
Aladdin (TV series)
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Opening title logo
48.
Gargoyles (TV series)
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Gargoyles is an American animated series produced by Walt Disney Television Animation and Buena Vista Television, and originally aired from October 24,1994 to February 15,1997. The series features a species of creatures known as gargoyles that turn to stone during the day. After spending a thousand years in a petrified state, the gargoyles are reawakened in modern-day New York City. Gargoyles was noted for its dark tone, complex story arcs. The series also received comparisons to Batman, The Animated Series. A video game adaptation and a comic series were released in 1995. The shows storyline continued from 2006 to 2009 in a book series of the same title. The series features a species of creatures known as gargoyles that turn to stone during the day. In the year 994, the lives in a castle in Scotland. Most are betrayed and killed by humans and the remainder are magically cursed to sleep—i. e, be frozen in stone form—until the castle rises above the clouds. While trying to adjust to their new world, they are aided by a female police officer, Elisa Maza. In addition to dealing with the attempts to adjust to modern New York City. A total of 78 half-hour episodes were produced, the first two seasons aired in the Disney Afternoon programming block. The first season consisted of 13 episodes, including a five-part opening story and this seasons episodes were almost entirely written by Michael Reaves and Brynne Chandler Reaves. The writing staff was expanded for season two. The controversial third and final aired on Disneys One Saturday Morning format on ABC as Gargoyles. Behind the scenes, the producers and writers had almost completely changed from seasons one. The voice cast featured several actors who are alumni of the Star Trek franchise, including Marina Sirtis and Jonathan Frakes, the series bears no creator credit
Gargoyles (TV series)
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Gargoyles: The Complete First Season
Gargoyles (TV series)
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Gargoyles
Gargoyles (TV series)
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Gargoyles: Season 2, Volume 1
Gargoyles (TV series)
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Gargoyles: Season 2, Volume 2
49.
Mighty Ducks (TV series)
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Mighty Ducks is an American animated television series that aired on ABC and the syndicated programming block The Disney Afternoon in the fall of 1996. The show was inspired by the live-action Mighty Ducks films and the NHL team, twenty-six episodes were produced in total. The series most recently aired on Toon Disney but was removed from schedules in November 2004, the series main theme, composed by Carl Swander Johnson, is performed by Mickey Thomas of Jefferson Starship and Elvin Bishop fame. DisneyQuest, an Indoor Interactive Theme Park located in the Downtown Disney area of the Walt Disney World Resort, has a loosely based on the program called Mighty Ducks Pinball Slam. Wildwing is the character from the show featured, first as a life-size cutout at the front of the queue line. In another galaxy exists a planet populated entirely by humanoid ducks, dubbed Puckworld by its inhabitants, it is an icy planet, perfectly suited to the Ducks favorite pastime, hockey. For the citizens of Puckworld, hockey was not simply a sport, legend has it that centuries ago, during an invasion by a reptilian race called Saurians, a duck named Drake DuCaine became the planets savior over the Saurians Overlords. The legend tells that DuCaine did so with a goalie mask. With it, DuCaine sent the Saurians to a mysterious Dimensional Limbo, the last of the Saurians escape Dimensional Limbo and returns to Puckworld with an armada of robotic attack ships. The group of four is led by the last of the Saurian Overlords, Lord Dragaunus and they invade the planet and enslave the people of Puckworld. After some time, a resistance is formed by Canard, who has found The Mask of Drake DuCaine, with it, the wearer of the Mask could see through the Saurians invisibility cloaks. Canard forms a band of Ducks to fight Dragaunus, the members of his team consists of Wildwing, Nosedive, Tanya, Duke, Mallory and Grin. They go on a mission to destroy Dragaunuss fortress the Master Tower, while the mission is successful, Dragaunus and his forces manage to escape in their ship, the Raptor. The Saurians open up a gateway to escape through, but Canard. Dragaunus attempts to get rid of the Ducks inside the portal by attacking them with a worm that will grow until it can swallow the Aerowing. In a desperate attempt to get rid of the worm, Canard sacrifices his own life by throwing himself to the worm, before doing so, however, Canard gave the Mask, and leadership of the team, to Wildwing Flashblade, his best friend. Both the Raptor and the Aerowing leave the portal and enter a different dimension, landing in the Earth city of Anaheim, the Ducks meet Phil Palmfeather, a human who becomes their manager and makes them a legitimate NHL team. Their arena, only known as The Pond in the show, has a hockey rink that doubles as a pad for the Aerowing above and has a formal HQ below
Mighty Ducks (TV series)
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Mighty Ducks
Mighty Ducks (TV series)
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The Mighty Ducks in action, from left: Nosedive, Tanya, Grin, Wildwing (center), Mallory, Duke.
50.
ABC Kids (United States)
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ABC Kids was an American childrens programming block that aired on ABC from September 13,1997 to August 27,2011. It featured a mix of animated and live-action series from Walt Disney Television Animation and sister cable network Disney Channel, the block regularly aired on Saturday mornings in the U. S. Under its original One Saturday Morning brand, the block aired in Canada on CTV from 1997 to 2002. It was also known for its famous jingle After these messages well be riiiiiight back and that existed from 1987 until Disneys takeover of the network. However, many other Disney-produced animated series aired at the time as part of CBS competing Saturday morning lineup. After Disney formally took over ABCs operations in 1996, Disney head Michael Eisner sought to create a Saturday morning block that was different from those carried by its competitors at the time, in February 1997, Peter Hastings left Warner Bros. He pitched an idea around the concept that Saturday is different from every day of the week. Hastings also proposed the use of virtual set technology, although he knew little about it at the time and he hired Prudence Fenton as consultant manager and co-executive producer. Together, they sampled virtual set technology at the 1997 NAB Show and chose technology developed by Accom, rutherford Bench Productions, which had previously worked with Disney on other projects, hired Pacific Ocean Post to produce the virtual set. The building was initially a drawing of Grand Central Terminal with a roller coaster added, even the interior has similarities such as a central high raised room, with two wings on the left and right sides and another on the south side. On September 13,1997, Disneys One Saturday Morning premiered as a two-hour sub-block within the ABC Saturday Morning lineup. It was originally scheduled to debut the Saturday prior on September 6, One Saturday Morning – advertised as five hours of summer, once a week. A longtime staple of ABCs Saturday morning block since 1972, also aired as an interstitial segment, Mungers Class, in which a page from an actual elementary school yearbook had its faces syncro-voxed for humorous effect. A similar sketch called Centerville replaced Mrs. Mungers Class in 1999, various animations in which the lightbulb was removed from the screen occurred after the bulbs chain was pulled by a hand, differing depending on the program. On September 14,2002, ABC rebranded its Saturday morning block, as a nod to the Fox Kids brand acquired by Disney through its purchase of Fox Family Worldwide. The rechristened block originally contained a mix of first-run programs exclusive to the block, replacing the massive building theme used on One Saturday Morning was a stadium motif, a theme that would last for all seven years of ABC Kids run. Through Disneys acquisition of Saban Entertainment, ABC also moved the Power Rangers series from Fox Kids to the ABC Kids block, subsequent seasons from Dino Thunder to Jungle Fury had their first-run episodes debut on Jetix first and re-air on ABC Kids. The RPM season aired exclusively on ABC Kids, after which ABC canceled production of the series, in lieu of a new season, ABC instead reran the first season of Mighty Morphin Power Rangers, with an updated title sequence, for the 2010–11 season
ABC Kids (United States)
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ABC Kids
