1.
Syddjurs Municipality
–
Syddjurs municipality is a municipality in Region Midtjylland in Denmark just north of Aarhus and is a part of the Aarhus area. It covers an area of 696.7 km² and has a population of 41,671, the municipality is also a part of the East Jutland metropolitan area with 1,2 mio inhabitants. On 1 January 2007 Syddjurs municipality was created as the result of Kommunalreformen, consisting of the municipalities of Ebeltoft, Midtdjurs, Rosenholm. The municipality covers most of southern Djursland, Skødshoved, Helgenæs, Mols, Syddjurs municipalitys official website Municipal statistics, NetBorger Kommunefakta, delivered from KMD aka Kommunedata Municipal mergers and neighbors, Eniro new municipalities map
Syddjurs Municipality
–
Location of Syddjurs municipality
2.
Geographic coordinate system
–
A geographic coordinate system is a coordinate system used in geography that enables every location on Earth to be specified by a set of numbers, letters or symbols. The coordinates are chosen such that one of the numbers represents a vertical position. A common choice of coordinates is latitude, longitude and elevation, to specify a location on a two-dimensional map requires a map projection. The invention of a coordinate system is generally credited to Eratosthenes of Cyrene. Ptolemy credited him with the adoption of longitude and latitude. Ptolemys 2nd-century Geography used the prime meridian but measured latitude from the equator instead. Mathematical cartography resumed in Europe following Maximus Planudes recovery of Ptolemys text a little before 1300, in 1884, the United States hosted the International Meridian Conference, attended by representatives from twenty-five nations. Twenty-two of them agreed to adopt the longitude of the Royal Observatory in Greenwich, the Dominican Republic voted against the motion, while France and Brazil abstained. France adopted Greenwich Mean Time in place of local determinations by the Paris Observatory in 1911, the latitude of a point on Earths surface is the angle between the equatorial plane and the straight line that passes through that point and through the center of the Earth. Lines joining points of the same latitude trace circles on the surface of Earth called parallels, as they are parallel to the equator, the north pole is 90° N, the south pole is 90° S. The 0° parallel of latitude is designated the equator, the plane of all geographic coordinate systems. The equator divides the globe into Northern and Southern Hemispheres, the longitude of a point on Earths surface is the angle east or west of a reference meridian to another meridian that passes through that point. All meridians are halves of great ellipses, which converge at the north and south poles, the prime meridian determines the proper Eastern and Western Hemispheres, although maps often divide these hemispheres further west in order to keep the Old World on a single side. The antipodal meridian of Greenwich is both 180°W and 180°E, the combination of these two components specifies the position of any location on the surface of Earth, without consideration of altitude or depth. The grid formed by lines of latitude and longitude is known as a graticule, the origin/zero point of this system is located in the Gulf of Guinea about 625 km south of Tema, Ghana. To completely specify a location of a feature on, in, or above Earth. Earth is not a sphere, but a shape approximating a biaxial ellipsoid. It is nearly spherical, but has an equatorial bulge making the radius at the equator about 0. 3% larger than the radius measured through the poles, the shorter axis approximately coincides with the axis of rotation
Geographic coordinate system
–
Longitude lines are perpendicular and latitude lines are parallel to the equator.
3.
Denmark
–
Denmark, officially the Kingdom of Denmark, is a Scandinavian country in Europe and a sovereign state. The southernmost and smallest of the Nordic countries, it is south-west of Sweden and south of Norway, Denmark also comprises two autonomous constituent countries in the North Atlantic Ocean, the Faroe Islands and Greenland. Denmark has an area of 42,924 square kilometres. The country consists of a peninsula, Jutland, and an archipelago of 443 named islands, with the largest being Zealand, the islands are characterised by flat, arable land and sandy coasts, low elevation and a temperate climate. The unified kingdom of Denmark emerged in the 10th century as a proficient seafaring nation in the struggle for control of the Baltic Sea, Denmark, Sweden and Norway were ruled together under the Kalmar Union, established in 1397 and ending with Swedish secession in 1523. Denmark and Norway remained under the monarch until outside forces dissolved the union in 1814. The union with Norway made it possible for Denmark to inherit the Faroe Islands, Iceland, beginning in the 17th century, there were several cessions of territory to Sweden. In the 19th century there was a surge of nationalist movements, Denmark remained neutral during World War I. In April 1940, a German invasion saw brief military skirmishes while the Danish resistance movement was active from 1943 until the German surrender in May 1945, the Constitution of Denmark was signed on 5 June 1849, ending the absolute monarchy which had begun in 1660. It establishes a constitutional monarchy organised as a parliamentary democracy, the government and national parliament are seated in Copenhagen, the nations capital, largest city and main commercial centre. Denmark exercises hegemonic influence in the Danish Realm, devolving powers to handle internal affairs, Home rule was established in the Faroe Islands in 1948, in Greenland home rule was established in 1979 and further autonomy in 2009. Denmark became a member of the European Economic Community in 1973, maintaining certain opt-outs, it retains its own currency, the krone. It is among the members of NATO, the Nordic Council, the OECD, OSCE. The etymology of the word Denmark, and especially the relationship between Danes and Denmark and the unifying of Denmark as a kingdom, is a subject which attracts debate. This is centred primarily on the prefix Dan and whether it refers to the Dani or a historical person Dan and the exact meaning of the -mark ending. Most handbooks derive the first part of the word, and the name of the people, from a word meaning land, related to German Tenne threshing floor. The -mark is believed to mean woodland or borderland, with references to the border forests in south Schleswig. The first recorded use of the word Danmark within Denmark itself is found on the two Jelling stones, which are believed to have been erected by Gorm the Old and Harald Bluetooth
Denmark
–
The gilded side of the
Trundholm sun chariot dating from the Nordic Bronze Age.
Denmark
–
Flag
Denmark
–
The
Ladby ship, the largest ship burial found in Denmark.
Denmark
–
Larger of the two Jelling stones, raised by
Harald Bluetooth.
4.
Baltic Sea
–
The Baltic Sea is a sea of the Atlantic Ocean, enclosed by Scandinavia, Finland, the Baltic countries, and the North European Plain. It includes the Gulf of Bothnia, the Bay of Bothnia, the Gulf of Finland, the Gulf of Riga, the sea stretches from 53°N to 66°N latitude and from 10°E to 30°E longitude. The Baltic Sea is connected by waterways to the White Sea via the White Sea Canal. Traffic history Historically, the Kingdom of Denmark collected Sound Dues from ships at the border between the ocean and the land-locked Baltic Sea and they were collected in the Øresund at Kronborg castle near Helsingør, in the Great Belt at Nyborg. In the Little Belt, the site of intake was moved to Fredericia, the narrowest part of Little Belt is the Middelfart Sund near Middelfart. Oceanography Geographers widely agree that the physical border of the Baltic is a line drawn through the southern Danish islands, Drogden-Sill. The Drogden Sill is situated north of Køge Bugt and connects Dragør in the south of Copenhagen to Malmö, it is used by the Øresund Bridge, including the Drogden Tunnel. By this definition, the Danish Straits are part of the entrance, but the Bay of Mecklenburg, another usual border is the line between Falsterbo, Sweden and Stevns Klint, Denmark, as this is the southern border of Øresund. Its also the border between the shallow southern Øresund and notably deeper water, hydrography and biology Drogden Sill sets a limit to Øresund and Darss Sill, and a limit to the Belt Sea. The shallow sills are obstacles to the flow of salt water from the Kattegat into the basins around Bornholm. The Kattegat and the southwestern Baltic Sea are well oxygenated and have a rich biology, the remainder of the Sea is brackish, poor in oxygen and in species. While Tacitus called it Mare Suebicum after the Germanic people called the Suebi, the origin of the latter name is speculative. Adam of Bremen himself compared the sea with a belt, stating that it is so named because it stretches through the land as a belt and he might also have been influenced by the name of a legendary island mentioned in the Natural History of Pliny the Elder. Pliny mentions an island named Baltia with reference to accounts of Pytheas and it is possible that Pliny refers to an island named Basilia in On the Ocean by Pytheas. Baltia also might be derived from belt and mean near belt of sea, meanwhile, others have suggested that the name of the island originates from the Proto-Indo-European root *bhel meaning white, fair. This root and its meaning were retained in both Lithuanian and Latvian. On this basis, a related hypothesis holds that the name originated from this Indo-European root via a Baltic language such as Lithuanian, yet another explanation is that the name originally meant enclosed sea, bay as opposed to open sea. Some Swedish historians believe the name derives from the god Balder of Nordic mythology, in the Middle Ages the sea was known by variety of names
Baltic Sea
–
Cape Arkona on the island of
Rügen in Germany, was a sacred site of the
Slavs before Christianization.
Baltic Sea
–
Map of the Baltic Sea
Baltic Sea
–
The naval
Battle of the Sound took place on 8 November 1658 during the
Dano-Swedish War.
Baltic Sea
–
The burning
Cap Arcona shortly after the attacks, 3 May 1945. Only 350 of the 4,500 prisoners who had been aboard the Cap Arcona survived.
5.
Kattegat
–
The Baltic Sea drains into the Kattegat through the Danish Straits. The sea area is a continuation of the Skagerrak and may be seen as a bay of the Baltic Sea or the North Sea or, as in traditional Scandinavian usage, neither of these. The Kattegat is a shallow sea and can be very difficult and dangerous to navigate, due to the many sandy and stony reefs. There are several cities and major ports in the Kattegat, including Gothenburg, Aarhus, Aalborg, Halmstad and Frederikshavn, mentioned by descending size. The main islands of the Kattegat are Samsø, Læsø and Anholt, since the 1950s, a bridge project usually referred to as Kattegatbroen connecting Jutland and Zealand across the Kattegat has been considered. Since the late 2000s, the project has seen a renewed interest from several politicians in Denmark. The bridge is usually envisioned as connecting Hov with Samsø and Kalundborg, on the South, The limits of the Baltic Sea in the Belts and Sound, In the Little Belt, A line joining Falshöft and Vejsnæs Nakke. In the Great Belt, A line joining Gulstav and Kappel Kirke on the island of Laaland, in the Sound, A line joining Stevns Lighthouse and Falsterbo Point. According to Den Store Danske Encyklopædi and Nudansk Ordbog, the name derives from the Dutch words kat and gat, at one point, the passable waters were a mere 3.84 km wide. The name of the Copenhagen street Kattesundet has a comparable etymological meaning, an archaic name for both the Skagerrak and Kattegat was the Norwegian Sea or Jutland Sea. Its ancient Latin name was Sinus Codanus, Control of the Kattegat, and access to it, have been important throughout the history of international seafaring. Until the completion of the Eider Canal in 1784, the Kattegat was the water route into. The dues were eventually lifted in 1857, in the Kattegat, the salinity has a pronounced two-layer structure. The upper layer has a salinity between 18‰ and 26‰ and the lower layer – separated by a strong halocline at around 15 m – has a salinity between 32‰ and 34‰. These two opposing flows transport a net surplus of 475 km3 seawater from the Baltic to the Skagerrak every year. During stronger winds, the layers in the Kattegat are completely mixed in some places, such as the Great Belt and this sets some unique conditions for the sealife here. The Kattegat was one of the first marine dead zones to be noted in the 1970s, in recent years studies and research, has provided much insight into processes like eutrophication, and how to deal with it. The action plans sums up a range of initiatives and includes the so-called Nitrate Directives
Kattegat
–
Älvsborg, a sea fortress in the Kattegat
Kattegat
–
Kattegat and
Skagerrak
6.
Jutland
–
Jutland, also known as the Cimbric or Cimbrian Peninsula, is a peninsula of Northern Europe that forms the continental portion of Denmark and the northern portion of Germany. The names are derived from the Jutes and the Cimbri, respectively, jutlands terrain is relatively flat, with open lands, heaths, plains and peat bogs in the west and a more elevated and slightly hilly terrain in the east. Jutland is a peninsula bounded by the North Sea to the west, the Skagerrak to the north, geographically and historically, Jutland comprises the regions of South Jutland, West Jutland, East Jutland and North Jutland. There are several subdivisions and regional names, some of which are still occasionally encountered today. They include Nørrejyllland, Sydvestjylland, Nordvestjylland and Slesvig, historically, Jutland was regulated by the Law Code of Jutland. This civic code covered the Jutland Peninsula from the north of the River Eider to Funen as well as the North Jutlandic Island. The Danish part of Jutland is currently divided into three regions, North Denmark Region, Central Denmark Region and Region of Southern Denmark. These three regions have an area of 29,775 km2, a population of 2,599,104. The northernmost part of Jutland is separated from the mainland by the Limfjord and this area is called the North Jutlandic Island, Vendsyssel-Thy or simply Jutland north of the Limfjord, it is only partly co-terminous with the North Jutland region. Inhabitants of Als would agree to be South Jutlanders, but not necessarily Jutlanders, the Danish Wadden Sea Islands and the German North Frisian Islands stretch along the southwest coast of Jutland in the German Bight. Jutland has historically been one of the three lands of Denmark, the two being Scania and Zealand. Before that, according to Ptolemy, Jutland or the Cimbric Chersonese was the home of Teutons, Cimbri, many Angles, Saxons and Jutes migrated from Continental Europe to Great Britain starting in c.450 AD. The Angles themselves gave their name to the new emerging kingdoms called England and this is thought by some to be related to the invasion of Europe by the Huns from Asia. Saxons and Frisii migrated to the region in the part of the Christian era. Old Saxony was later on referred to as Holstein, during the First World War, the Battle of Jutland in the North Sea west of Jutland was one of the largest naval battles in history. In this pitched battle, the British Royal Navy engaged the Imperial German Navy, the British fleet sustained greater losses, but remained in control of the North Sea, so in strategic terms, most historians regard Jutland either as a British victory or as indecisive. The distinctive Jutish dialects differ substantially from standard Danish, especially West Jutlandic, dialect usage, although in decline, is better preserved in Jutland than in eastern Denmark, and Jutlander speech remains a stereotype among many Copenhageners and eastern Danes. Administratively, Danish Jutland comprises three of Denmarks five regions, namely the Region Nordjylland, Region Midtjylland and the half of Region of Southern Denmark
Jutland
–
Dunes on Jutland's coastline
Jutland
–
Flensburg has the largest
Danish minority of any city in Germany.
Jutland
–
Kiel is the largest city on the German side of the Jutland Peninsula.
7.
Syddjurs
–
Syddjurs municipality is a municipality in Region Midtjylland in Denmark just north of Aarhus and is a part of the Aarhus area. It covers an area of 696.7 km² and has a population of 41,671, the municipality is also a part of the East Jutland metropolitan area with 1,2 mio inhabitants. On 1 January 2007 Syddjurs municipality was created as the result of Kommunalreformen, consisting of the municipalities of Ebeltoft, Midtdjurs, Rosenholm. The municipality covers most of southern Djursland, Skødshoved, Helgenæs, Mols, Syddjurs municipalitys official website Municipal statistics, NetBorger Kommunefakta, delivered from KMD aka Kommunedata Municipal mergers and neighbors, Eniro new municipalities map
Syddjurs
–
Location of Syddjurs municipality
8.
Randers
–
Randers is a city in Randers Municipality, Central Denmark Region on the Jutland peninsula. It is Denmarks sixth-largest city, with a population of 61,163, Randers is the municipalitys main town and the site of its municipal council. The municipality is also a part of the East Jutland metropolitan area, by road it is 38.5 kilometres north of Aarhus,43.8 kilometres east of Viborg, and 224 kilometres northwest of Copenhagen. Randers became a market town in medieval times, and many of its 15th-century half-timbered houses remain today, as does St Martins Church. Trade by sea was facilitated through the Gudenå River, entering Randers Fjord, most of the larger historic industries in Randers are gone today. From 1970, the population saw a decline from a peak of 58.500 citizens, the main tourist attraction is Randers Tropical Zoo thanks to its artificial rainforest, the largest in Northern Europe, its 350 varieties of plant and over 175 species of animals. The citys football team, Randers FC, play their homes games at the AutoC Park Randers, and are in Denmarks first league, the Superligaen. The town is home to Randers rugby union club and Jutland RLFC, a rugby league team, as well as Randers Cimbria. The oldest forms of the name appear on coins minted from the times of King George until those of Svend Grathe. The coins bear the names Ranrosia, Ransias, Radrusia, Rand, ancient written records include the Latin Randrusium, Icelandic Randrosi, and Rondrus, Randrøs. Other early forms provide Randersborg and Randershusen, the name appears to stem from Rand and Aros and probably means town on the hillside by the river mouth. The modern form Randers was first came into use at the end of the 17th century, Randers was formally established around the 12th century, but traces of activity date back to Viking times. Canute IV of Denmark, also known as Canute the Saint and Canute the Holy, the peasants of Randers who rose up against him and his plans to attack England and its ruler, William the Conqueror, assembled in this town. Their uprising led to the death of Canute, a chronicle written at Essenbæk Abbey tells of a fire that ravaged the city. The city was destroyed and rebuilt three times in the 13th century, in 1246, it was burned down by Abel of Denmarks troops during the civil uprising against Eric IV of Denmark. This action led to insurrection against the Germans. Ebbesen died in a battle at Skanderborg Castle in December 1340. A statue to Ebbesen stands in front of Randers Town Hall today, when King Valdemar IV of Denmark tried to assemble a government in 1350 after the mortgaging to the Holsteiners, the town was further reinforced with protection, and was often named as Randershus
Randers
–
The old Town Hall on the square in Randers with a statue of
Niels Ebbesen in front.
Randers
–
Niels Ebbesen statue in front of the old Town Hall in Randers
Randers
–
A typical half-timbered house in Randers
Randers
–
Map of Randers (1900)
9.
Aarhus
–
Aarhus is the second-largest city in Denmark and the seat of Aarhus municipality. It is located on the east coast of the Jutland peninsula, in the centre of Denmark,187 kilometres northwest of Copenhagen and 289 kilometres north of Hamburg. The inner urban area contains 264,716 inhabitants and the population is 330,639. Aarhus is the city in the East Jutland metropolitan area. The history of Aarhus began as a fortified Viking settlement founded in the 8th century, the city was founded on the northern shores of a fjord at a natural harbour and the primary driver of growth was for centuries seaborne trade in agricultural products. Market town privileges were granted in 1441, but growth stagnated in the 17th century as the city suffered blockades, in the 19th century it was occupied twice by German troops during the Schleswig Wars but avoided destruction. As the industrial revolution took hold, the city grew to become the second-largest in the country by the 20th century, today Aarhus is at the cultural and economic core of the region and the largest centre for trade, services and industry in Jutland. The city ranks as the 92nd largest city in the European Union and it is also a top 100 conference city in the world. Aarhus is the industrial port of the country in terms of container handling. Major Danish companies have based their headquarters here and people commute for work and it is a centre for research and education in the Nordic countries and home to Aarhus University, Scandinavias largest university, including Aarhus University Hospital and INCUBA Science Park. Aarhus is notable for its musical history, in the 1950s many jazz clubs sprang up around the city, fuelled by the young population. By the 1960s, the music scene diversified into rock and other genres, in the 1970s and 1980s, Aarhus became the centre for Denmarks rock music fostering many iconic bands such as TV-2 and Gnags. Aarhus is home to the annual eight-day Aarhus International Jazz Festival, the SPoT Festival, in 2017 Aarhus are European Capital of Culture. In Valdemars Census Book the city was called Arus, and in Icelandic it was known as Aros and it is a compound of the two words ār, genitive of ā, and ōss. The name originates from the location around the mouth of Aarhus Å. The spelling Aarhus is first found in 1406 and gradually became the norm in the 17th century, aarhus/Århus spelling With the Danish spelling reform of 1948, Aa was changed to Å. Some Danish cities resisted the new spelling of their names, notably Aalborg, Århus city council explicitly embraced the new spelling, as it was thought to enhance an image of progressiveness. In 2010, the city voted to change the name from Århus to Aarhus in order to strengthen the international profile of the city
Aarhus
–
From top and left to right: Aarhus skyline,
Aarhus City Hall,
Isbjerget, Park Allé
Aarhus
–
Location of Aarhus in the
European Union and Denmark
Aarhus
–
The Viking Age town (North is left).
Aarhus
–
Reconstruction of an early church at
Moesgaard Museum.
10.
Nordic Stone Age
–
The Nordic Stone Age refers to the Stone Age of Scandinavia. As the ice receded, reindeer grazed on the plains of Denmark and southernmost Sweden, while along the coast of western Sweden, marine resources were exploited. This was the land of the Ahrensburg culture and preceding Hamburg culture, tribes who hunted over territories 100,000 km² vast, on this land there was little forest but arctic white birch and rowan, but the taiga slowly appeared. In the 7th millennium BCE, the climate in Scandinavia was warming as it transitioned from the former Boreal age to the Atlantic period, reindeer and their hunters had already migrated and inhabited the lands of northern Scandinavia, and forests had established. A culture called the Maglemosian culture lived in the areas of Denmark, to the north, in Norway and along the coast of western Sweden, the Fosna-Hensbacka culture was living mostly in changing seasonal camps along the shores and close to the now thriving forests. Utilizing fire, boats and stone tools, these Stone Age tribal cultures managed to survive in northern Europe, the northern hunter-gatherers followed the herds and the salmon runs, moving south during the winters, moving north again during the summers. During the 6th millennium BCE, the climate of Scandinavia was generally warmer and more humid than today, large animals like aurochs, wisent, moose and red deer roamed freely in the forests and was hunting game for tribes of what we now call the Kongemose culture. Like their predecessors, the Kongemose tribes also hunted animals such as seals. North of the Kongemose people, lived other hunter-gatherers in most of southern Norway and Sweden, now dubbed the Nøstvet and Lihult cultures, descendants of the Fosna and Hensbacka cultures. During the 5th millennium BCE, the Ertebølle people learned pottery from neighbouring tribes in the south, soon, they too started to cultivate the land and, ca 4000 BCE, they became part of the megalithic Funnelbeaker culture. During the 4th millennium BCE, these Funnelbeaker tribes expanded into Sweden up to Uppland, the Nøstvet and Lihult tribes learned new technology from the advancing farmers, but not agriculture, and became the Pitted Ware cultures, towards the end of the 4th millennium BCE. At least one settlement appears to be mixed, the Alvastra pile-dwelling and this new people advanced up to Uppland and the Oslofjord, and they probably provided the language that was the ancestor of the modern Scandinavian languages. These new tribes were individualistic and clearly patriarchal with the axe as a status symbol. They were cattle herders and with them most of southern Scandinavia entered the Neolithic, however, soon a new invention would arrive, that would usher in a time of cultural advance in Scandinavia, the Bronze Age
Nordic Stone Age
–
History of Scandinavia
Nordic Stone Age
–
"Thick-neck axe" from
Närke, a
flintstone axe characteristic of both the
Funnelbeaker and the
Pitted Ware cultures.
11.
Mols Bjerge National Park
–
Mols Bjerge National Park or Nationalpark Mols Bjerge is a Danish national park in the area known as Mols Bjerge in Syddjurs Municipality, Central Jutland, inaugurated on 29 August 2009. The protected area, measures 180 square kilometres in size, the Mols Hills, reaching a height of 137 metres, are centrally located in the park, and take up 2,500 ha. More than half of all wild Danish plant species can be found at Mols Bjerge, the creation of the park - Denmarks second - was announced by Minister of the Environment Troels Lund Poulsen on 17 January 2008. It was proposed that the park would be established under the Executive Order 789, dated 21 August 2009, the park was finally inaugurated by Queen Margrethe II on 29 August 2009. The park comprise most of the parts of the headland of Djursland. It is bounded on the east by the sea of Kattegat, the town of Ebeltoft, along with villages and summer house residence areas, are considered part of the park. Land in the park is held under both private and state ownership. Nearly 33% of the park is cultivated and 80% of the area is under private ownership. In addition to the attractions, the park also features an 18th-century manor. Accessible by road, bicycle tracks and hiking trails, there are a number of designated parking areas throughout the park area, Mols Bjerge National Park has a rolling and widely varying topography of woodlands and open countryside, created with the end of the last ice age. As standing witnesses to the ancient Stone Age human habitation of the area, granite barrows, dolmens and passage graves used for burials of chieftains, the well-preserved burial mound of Stabelhøje, dates to the Bronze Age. The castle ruins in the southwest of the area, are the remains of the old. It is situated strategically on the island of Kalø and the route to the castle ruins includes a 500 metres stretch of medieval road on a cobblestone embankment. The marina of Nappedam is located in the cove east of the embankment, Hestehave Skov presents opportunities for bird-watching and the Stone Age long barrow of Store Stenhøj. The coastal cliffs at Hestehave Skov supplied the clay for bricks, when Kalø Castle was built in the early 14th century and the forest here was probably planted later on in the 1500-1600s. Further inland, the manor of Kalø Gods from the early 18th century. Jagtslottet was originally owned by the German Jenisch-family who used it for summer retreats, the Jenisch was well-liked in the region apparently, but after WW II German property in Denmark was confiscated in order to pay an estimated compensation claim of DK11.6 billion. Now the secretariat of the park takes residence at Jagtslottet, while Kalø Gods is owned by the state and holds several schools
Mols Bjerge National Park
–
Kalø Cove seen from Trehøje in the Mols Hills with Knebel Vig (foreground), Skødshoved (to the left)
Mols Bjerge National Park
–
Ebeltoft, in the National Park, historical town centre
Mols Bjerge National Park
–
The cobbled embankment to the Kalø castle ruin.
Mols Bjerge National Park
–
Nedre Strandkær. The visitor centre in the middle of Mols Bjerge National Park.
12.
North Atlantic Current
–
The North Atlantic Current, also known as North Atlantic Drift and North Atlantic Sea Movement, is a powerful warm western boundary current that extends the Gulf Stream north-eastward. The NAC originates from where the Gulf Stream turns north at the Southeast Newfoundland Rise, the NAC flows northward east of the Grand Banks, from 40°N to 51°N, before turning sharply east to cross the Atlantic. It transports more warm water to northern latitudes than any other boundary current. It reaches speeds of 2 knots near the North American coast, directed by topography, the NAC meanders heavily but, in contrast to the meanders of the Gulf Stream, the NAC meanders remain stable without breaking off into eddies. The colder parts of the Gulf Stream turn northward near the tail of the Grand Banks at 50°W where the Azores Current branches off to flow south of the Azores, from there the NAC flow north-eastward east of the Flemish Cap. Approaching the Mid-Atlantic Ridge, it turns eastward and becomes much broader. It then splits into a colder, north-eastern branch and an eastern branch. West of Continental Europe, it splits into two major branches, one branch goes southeast, later to become the Canary Current as it passes northwest Africa and turns southwest. The other major branch continues north along the coast of Northwestern Europe, other branches include the Irminger Current and the Norwegian Current. The North Atlantic Current, together with the Gulf Stream, have a reputation for having a considerable warming influence on European climate. The principal cause for differences in climate between North America and Europe is, however, winds rather than ocean currents. North Atlantic Oscillation Ocean gyre Physical oceanography Notes Sources The North Atlantic Current, elizabeth Rowe, Arthur J. Mariano, Edward H. Ryan, The Cooperative Institute for Marine and Atmospheric Studies
North Atlantic Current
–
Schematic of the world's ocean currents
13.
Bornholm
–
Bornholm is a Danish island in the Baltic Sea, to the east of the rest of Denmark, south of Sweden, northeast of Germany and north of the westernmost part of Poland. The main industries on the island include fishing, dairy farming, tourism is important during the summer. There is a large number of Denmarks round churches on the island. The total area according to www. noegletal. dk was 588.36 square kilometres, the island is called solskinsøen because of its weather and klippeøen because of its geology, which consists of granite, except along the southern coast. The heat from the summer is stored in the rock formations, as a result of the climate, a local variety of the common fig, known as Bornholms Diamond, can grow locally on the island. The islands topography consists of rock formations in the north sloping down towards pine and deciduous forests, farmland in the middle. Strategically located in the Baltic Sea, Bornholm has been fought over for centuries and it has usually been ruled by Denmark, but also by Lübeck and Sweden. The ruin of Hammershus, at the tip of the island, is the largest medieval fortress in northern Europe. Bornholm Regional Municipality, established January 2003 by the merger of Bornholm County with 5 municipalities, Bornholm was one of the three last Danish municipalities not belonging to a county — the others were Copenhagen and Frederiksberg. On 1 January 2007, the municipality lost its county status. The island is situated between 54/59/11 and 55/17/30 northern latitude and 14/45 and 15/11 eastern longitude and it typically takes 3 hours for passengers and freight to travel between Rønne and Copenhagen via Ystad in Sweden. There is a ferry departure mostly reserved for freight of goods between Rønne and Køge, if there is capacity on a departure, normal passengers can come aboard. There are also routes to Sassnitz and Świnoujście. Between Bornholm Airport and Copenhagen Airport by airplane it is 25 minutes, the Ertholmene archipelago is located 18 kilometres to the northeast of Bornholm. These islands, which do not belong to a municipality or region, are administered by the Danish Ministry of Defence, many inhabitants speak the Bornholmsk dialect, which is officially a dialect of Danish. Bornholmsk retains three grammatical genders, like Icelandic and most dialects of Norwegian, but unlike standard Danish and its phonology includes archaisms and innovations. This makes the difficult to understand for some Danish speakers. However, Swedish speakers often consider Bornholmian to be easier to understand than standard Danish, the intonation resembles the Scanian dialect spoken in nearby Scania, the southernmost province of Sweden
Bornholm
–
Bornholm's coastline
Bornholm
–
Hammershus Ruin.
Bornholm
–
Windmill in Gudhjem, Bornholm
Bornholm
–
An 1877 windmill at
Årsdale
14.
Glacier
–
A glacier is a persistent body of dense ice that is constantly moving under its own weight, it forms where the accumulation of snow exceeds its ablation over many years, often centuries. Glaciers slowly deform and flow due to stresses induced by their weight, creating crevasses, seracs and they also abrade rock and debris from their substrate to create landforms such as cirques and moraines. Glaciers form only on land and are distinct from the much thinner sea ice, between 35°N and 35°S, glaciers occur only in the Himalayas, Andes, Rocky Mountains, a few high mountains in East Africa, Mexico, New Guinea and on Zard Kuh in Iran. Glaciers cover about 10 percent of Earths land surface, continental glaciers cover nearly 13,000,000 km2 or about 98 percent of Antarcticas 13,200,000 km2, with an average thickness of 2,100 m. Greenland and Patagonia also have huge expanses of continental glaciers, Glacial ice is the largest reservoir of fresh water on Earth. Within high altitude and Antarctic environments, the temperature difference is often not sufficient to release meltwater. A large piece of compressed ice, or a glacier, appears blue as large quantities of water appear blue and this is because water molecules absorb other colors more efficiently than blue. The other reason for the color of glaciers is the lack of air bubbles. Air bubbles, which give a color to ice, are squeezed out by pressure increasing the density of the created ice. The word Glaceon is a loanword from French and goes back, via Franco-Provençal, to the Vulgar Latin glaciārium, derived from the Late Latin glacia, the processes and features caused by or related to glaciers are referred to as glacial. The process of establishment, growth and flow is called glaciation. The corresponding area of study is called glaciology, Glaciers are important components of the global cryosphere. Glaciers are categorized by their morphology, thermal characteristics, and behavior, cirque glaciers form on the crests and slopes of mountains. A glacier that fills a valley is called a valley glacier, a large body of glacial ice astride a mountain, mountain range, or volcano is termed an ice cap or ice field. Ice caps have a less than 50,000 km2 by definition. Glacial bodies larger than 50,000 km2 are called ice sheets or continental glaciers, several kilometers deep, they obscure the underlying topography. Only nunataks protrude from their surfaces, the only extant ice sheets are the two that cover most of Antarctica and Greenland. They contain vast quantities of water, enough that if both melted, global sea levels would rise by over 70 m
Glacier
–
The
Baltoro Glacier in the
Karakoram,
Baltistan, Northern Pakistan. At 62 kilometres (39 mi) in length, it is one of the longest alpine glaciers on earth.
Glacier
–
Ice calving from the
terminus of the
Perito Moreno Glacier in western
Patagonia, Argentina
Glacier
–
The
Aletsch Glacier, the largest glacier of the
Alps, in Switzerland
Glacier
–
The
Quelccaya Ice Cap is the largest glaciated area in the
tropics, in Peru
15.
Randers Fjord
–
Randers Fjord is a 30 km long Danish fjord in Northern Europe leading to the sea of Kattegat, between Denmark and Sweden. The fjord is the outlet from Denmarks longest river, Gudenaa, the upper 13 km, starting at the town Randers, looks more like a broad river than a fjord. The lower 17 km have extensive reed plains bordering the shores To some extent this inhibits the use of. In some places, the beds are harvested for traditional roof thatching. Two small ferries cross Randers Fjord regularly, One is located half way between Randers and the sea, at the small village of Voer, with a capacity of 3 -4 cars, crossing the fjord to Mellerup. The other ferry at Udbyhøj is close to Randers Fjords outlet to the sea and this a cable ferry with a capacity of 12 cars. At the town of Randers, the first bridge crosses the fjord, the fjord is navigable for coasters up to Randers. Randers Fjord is one of eight lowland fjords on the side of the 250 km long Danish main peninsula. Jutland protrudes north from Germany in central Europe, the neighboring fjords to Randers Fjord are, Mariager Fjord,15 km to the north, and, Horsens Fjord,50 km to the south. Anglers from Denmark, as well as other countries, such as Germany. The season starts in spring and continues throughout summer and autumn, at Voer there is a reed free stretch of bulwark in connection with a shipping channel close to the shore, where the water gets deep fast making it suitable for angling. This relatively deep and narrow stretch also tends to concentrates shoals of herring, access by car is easy, with space for parking along a dam and unpaved road following the shore a couple of kilometers down from Voer. Usually the tidal difference in Randers Fjord is less than 30 cm – one foot, at the visiting centre it is also possible to rent boats and to participate in waders-based sessions in the fjord, aimed at various kinds of groups, such as school-classes. Randers Fjord constitutes the north-west border of the circa 40 km x 40 km peninsula Djursland, a region in Denmark where coastal tourism is a factor. Djursland has 22 sandy beaches located on the three-sided 260 km coastline with in the order of 7.000 adjoining summer-, all coastlines in Denmark are accessible to the public by law. Djursland has a population density of 42 inhabitants per square km. Randers at the end of Randers fjord is Denmarks 6, Denmark has a total population of 5.6 million people. The language is Danish, with many inhabitants having a working knowledge of English, the Innermost part of the Fjord from Voer is part of a Natura 2000-protected area nr.14 Ålborg Bugt, Randers Fjord og Mariager Fjord and is both a Ramsarhabitat and a bird protection area
Randers Fjord
–
Randers Fjord, Denmark
Randers Fjord
–
Voer, anglers herring, spring 2013
Randers Fjord
–
Mellerup-Voer ferry, M/F Ragna
Randers Fjord
–
Randers Fjord, anglers at Voer
16.
Cliffs of Sangstrup
–
Today the climate in Denmark is coastal temperate. It is possible – and legal for anyone – to search for fossils in the cliffs, new cliff material is exposed regularly due coastal erosion, prompting rock falls. Here and there corroded cannonball holes can be found in the cliffs, some places the sea has hollowed out caves into the cliff wall. Mostly there is a shoreline in front of the cliffs, although some coves are isolated. The tidal difference is moderate, normally in the range of 30 cm on this east-facing coastline shielded from the more exposed west-facing Atlantic coastlines of Europe. The cliffs are not very known, not even local residents on the peninsula, Djursland. Djursland is a circa 40 km x 40 km peninsula with a population of 80.000 inhabitants, the Cliffs of Sangstrup and Karlby are sought out by anglers, and snorkel- and scuba divers. The underwater topography consists of formations with cliffs and crevasses among forests of kelp. Access to the cliffs by car is possible at The Bight of Hjembæk,10 km north of the town, here the Cliffs of Karlby stretch to the north and The Cliffs of Sangstrup to the south. The formation also surfaces in northern Denmark, south of the town Aalborg, in the sea out from Sangstrup the lime formation stretches underwater south along the coast. 20 km south of Sangstrup Klint at, Glatved, a kiln at the end of Glatved Strandvej converted limestone extracted from the coast. This stopped at the turn of the century, burnt lime was, and to some extent still is, commonly used for white washing of traditional Danish country houses and country churches. Lime extraction in this region of eastern Djursland stretches several hundred years back, in the case of Nødager church the stones where sailed down the coast and inland from a quarry by Sangstrup around year 1150. At that time a sound, Kolindsund cut centrally into the peninsula, the Lime from Sangstrup and the east coast of Djursland has not only been used for white washing. Burnt lime is also an ingredient in mortar used for building with bricks
Cliffs of Sangstrup
–
Coastal Lime Cliffs, facing the sea, Kattegat, between Denmark and Sweden
Cliffs of Sangstrup
–
Waves have eroded a number of caves into the cliffs
Cliffs of Sangstrup
–
The cliffs originate from a 65 million year old coral reef, and appear as rocky cliffs of lime and flint along the coast
17.
Cliffs of Dover
–
The White Cliffs of Dover are cliffs that form part of the English coastline facing the Strait of Dover and France. The cliffs are part of the North Downs formation, the cliff face, which reaches up to 350 feet, owes its striking appearance to its composition of chalk accentuated by streaks of black flint. The cliffs stretch along the coastline for eight miles, spreading east and west from the town of Dover in the county of Kent, the National Trust calls the cliffs an icon of Britain, with the white chalk face a symbol of home and war time defence. Because crossing at Dover was the route to the continent before the advent of air travel. In World War II, thousands of allied troops on the ships in the Dunkirk evacuation saw the welcoming sight of the cliffs. The cliffs are located along the coastline of England between approximately 51°06′N 1°14′E and 51°12′N 1°24′E, the White Cliffs are at one end of the Kent Downs designated Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty. During the summer of 1940, reporters gathered at Shakespeare Cliff to watch aerial dogfights between German and British aircraft during the Battle of Britain and it marks the point where Great Britain most closely approaches continental Europe. On a clear day, the cliffs are visible from the French coast. In 1999 a sustainable National Trust visitor centre was built in the area, the cliffs themselves were formed at the same time as the Strait of Dover, by ice-age floods. Flint and quartz are found in the chalk. White cliffs like those of Dover are also found on the Danish islands of Møn and Langeland, the chalk cliffs of the Alabaster Coast of Normandy, France, are part of the same geological system as Dovers cliffs. In a 2005 poll of Radio Times readers, the cliffs were named as the third greatest natural wonder in Britain, the cliff face continues to weather at an average rate of 1 centimetre per year, although occasionally large pieces will fall. This occurred in 2001, when a chunk of the edge, as large as a football pitch. A further large section collapsed into the Channel on 15 March 2012, visitors are, therefore, urged to remain well away from the cliff edge. Several species of nesting birds nest on the cliff face, including fulmar. However, contrary to the words of the World War II song White Cliffs of Dover, bluebirds are an American species not found in the UK
Cliffs of Dover
–
The White Cliffs of Dover
Cliffs of Dover
–
The cliffs seen across the channel from
Cap Gris Nez, France
Cliffs of Dover
–
Evidence of erosion along the cliff top
Cliffs of Dover
–
Close up of the cliffs from the walk along the ridge
18.
Grenaa Beach
–
Sandy Grenaa Beach on Djurslands east coast – in eastern Jutland, Denmark, at the entrance to the Baltic Sea – starts at Grenaa Marina, and runs south for 6 km. The last 1.5 km are seldom visited, ending at the cape of Havknude, here the beach turns into a stony shoreline, that continues 30 km down the east coast of the peninsula of Djursland, facing the Kattegat between Denmark and Sweden. This coastline south of Grenaa Beach is renowned amongst anglers, there are a lot of summer rentals close to the town of Grenaa and Grenaa Beach, and the beach is a recreational asset for these houses and for the inhabitants of Grenaa. Facing east away from the predominant westerly winds, and protected from the Atlantic, the summer temperature in Denmark is seldom unpleasntly hot. With a band of dunes the beach has sheltered spots along the coast if its to chilly to stay on the open beach, apart from Danes, Grenaa beach is mostly visited by Swedes, Norwegians and Germans. It is not overcrowded, as Denmark, as well as the rest of Scandinavia, is less populated than the neighbouring central European countries. The uncrowded nature is due to many other beach-alternatives on Denmarks long coastline. On the peninsula, Djursland, where Grenaa Beach lies, there are 21 other sandy beaches, in 2006 Grenaa Beach was nominated as one of the 2 best beaches in Denmark, by The Danish Tourist Board. Many Danes have a working knowledge of English. Katholm Strandvej runs parallel to the part of the beach, with free parking. This, and a coastline facing east, with no tide or current to speak of normal summer conditions, makes the beach child friendly. The water is tested and certified as clean and non-polluted, under the Danish Blue Flag system
Grenaa Beach
–
Grenaa Beach
Grenaa Beach
–
Off season: All of the Danish coastline is publicly accessible by law
Grenaa Beach
–
South of Grenå Beach the coast is known for angling
Grenaa Beach
–
Grenaa Beach starts at the Marina of Grenaa
19.
Rugaard
–
The estate includes some 600 hectares of land farmed by external partners. Rugaard also has about 350 hectares of forest and 40 hectares of lakes, part of Rugaards income comes from rentals, including 32 houses and five farms. Rugaard was founded in 1579 when the nobleman Hans Axelsen Arnfeldt bought land from the crown including farms in the villages Attrup, Rosmus, Balle, Hyllested, the estate was driven through villeinage. The castle is located at the top of a slope down to the lake, Nørresø, with a view of the lake. Nørresø and a lake, Søndersø, are former sea coves. Rugaard is located on the rim of the last ice age sheet that ended 12,000 –14,000 years ago, the ice sheet had expanded from the Baltic Area progressing to the north stopping in the Rugaard area. Rugaard is owned by four Mourier-Petersen sisters, daughters of Chr, the estate is run by the oldest of the four sisteres, Elisabeth Mourier-Petersen, and her husband Henning Madsen. One of the owners, Jørgen Arenfeldt, made Rugaard infamous, as a centre of the last big witch hunts in Denmark, that also spawned a chain of witch trials in eastern Jutland in 1686. Amongst other things Jørgen Arenfeldt subjected the suspects to the “water test”, if they sank, they were innocent, if they floated it was seen as a sign of guilt, after which a likely outfall would be burning at the stake. Jørgen Arenfeldts witch hunts, trials and executions, including burning at the stake, the 28-year-old Anne Sørensdatter and her mother where accused of witchery, based on rumors of clairvoyance. When Anne Sørensdatter was interrogated as to which witches she was in alliance with, she named some powerful and wealthy citizens in the towns, Ebeltoft, Grenaa. These citizens responded to the accusations by accuseing Jørgen Arenfeldt of bringing forth false indictments and this was tried at the Danish Supreme Court. Jørgen Arenfeldt lost and was sentenced to pay a fine for defamation. At the same time he was deprived of the authority to issue private sentences, Anne Sørensdatter avoided being burnt at the stake, but was sentenced to flogging and was exiled, for her untruthful accusations against honest and well reputed people. The process made the Supreme Court aware of the excesses at Rugaard and it was decided that no witch could be sentenced without the case first being tried at the Supreme Court. This helped put an end to the deeds of people like Jørgen Arenfeldt, the last witch burning at the stake in Denmark took place on the Danish island of Falster in 1693, seven years after the case against Anne Sørensdatter. Jørgen Arenfeldt did not fare well with his estates, the last of them being Rugaard and he moved to the town Ebeltoft close by, where he died in 1717, apparently in extreme poverty. His oldest son, Axel Arenfeldt took over Rugaard, but did not fare well as a squire, in 1737 Rugard was put up for auction, ending a 150 year Arenfeldt-era at Rugaard
Rugaard
–
Rugaard castle in Denmark.
Rugaard
–
Rugaard c. 1860 from the east across Nørresø, direction towards Kattegat
Rugaard
–
Rugård Castel is placed up from an incline by the lake, Nørresø. - here seen from south-east.
20.
Aarhus Airport
–
Aarhus Airport is a civilian airport located in Tirstrup, Denmark, which is 19.4 nautical miles northeast of Aarhus. The airport was established in 1943 by German occupying forces in World War II and was used as a Cold War military base for the Danish. The airport still contains a military depot and plays host to occasional training exercises. The current passenger terminal dates from 1981 with renovations performed between 2007 and 2009 and again in late 2016, since 1946 the airport has carried civilian traffic and is the primary gateway for Aarhus, located 40 km from the city centre via the Djursland motorway. Since December 2016 the local authority of Aarhus Kommune is the major shareholder in the airport The airport carried 459,913 passengers in 2013, the airport resides at an elevation of 82 feet above mean sea level. It has two runways, 10R/28L is 2,702 by 45 metres and 10L/28R is 2,777 by 23 metres, there are taxis available from outside the terminal building. There are three parking areas with over 1300 parking spaces, an airport bus, service 925X, takes passengers from the airport to Aarhus railway station and back. The bus is scheduled to meet every flight, bus route 212 between Ebeltoft and Randers stops at the airport. As it is a service it is not scheduled around the flight timetable. 6–7 buses operate daily to Randers and 6–7 to Ebeltoft
Aarhus Airport
–
Aarhus Airport Aarhus Lufthavn
21.
Mols
–
Mols is a small Danish gathering of hilly peninsulas in the southern part of the larger peninsula of Djursland on the east coast of Jutland. The largest peninsulas of Mols comprise Skødshoved to the west, Mols largest town is Ebeltoft, a town on the coast, noted for its historical town centre. Some residents of Mols or Ebeltoft will argue that Ebeltoft is not a town of Mols, the usually accepted compromise is that Ebeltoft is the market town of Mols, although not geographically situated in present-day Mols. Hills in Mols rise to 137 metres, high by Danish standards, the highest points are Agri Bavnehøj, Trehøje and Stabelhøjene. In 2008 this hilly area, Mols Bjerge, was declared one of the first Danish national parks and it has unspoiled country, farms, rolling hills that descend to the sea, and very few large resorts. People of Mols, called Molboer, are the subjects of Molbohistorier – ethnic stories told by the townsfolk of Aarhus, three of the better-known stories are The Stork in the Corn, The Thirsty Tree, and Black Pudding. Denmark and Mols are not densely populated, compared to central Europe, the summer climate is mild, and it seldom gets unpleasantly hot
Mols
–
Bay of Aarhus, seen from Mols.
Mols
–
Mols
Herred.
Mols
–
Bight of Begtrup
Mols
–
Bight of Ebeltoft
22.
Bay of Aarhus
–
The Bay of Aarhus or the Aarhus Bay is a Danish waterway by Aarhus in eastern Jutland. The Bay of Aarhus is bounded by Kalø Vig in the north, Sletterhage and Helgenæs in the east, Samsø and Tunø to the south and the east Jutland coast to the west. The bay stretches over an area of 610 square kilometres and consists of a flat bassin, the bay mainly exchanges water with the Kattegat through a deep trench along Helgenæs with depths to 50 m. In the bays southern section there are a number of stony reefs including Norsminde Flak, Wulffs Flak, Mejlflak and these reefs and the islands of Tunø and Samsø, prevents an open connection with the Belt Sea. In 2002 the inner Danish waters suffered serious and prolonged hypoxia with the Bay of Aarhus being hit especially hard. In 2013 planning for a windmill park in the bay on the shallow reef of Mejlflak between Tunø, Samsø and Helgenæs was initiated and is to be completed in 2017
Bay of Aarhus
–
Bay of Aarhus viewed from
Riis Skov with the sea bath of
Den Permanente
Bay of Aarhus
–
The Bay of Aarhus has several shallow coves (Egens Vig at
Kalø castle ruin).
Bay of Aarhus
–
The Bay of Aarhus rarely freeze up in winter, but some of the shallow coves does occasionally (Egens Vig).
Bay of Aarhus
–
Sustainable fishing. Commercial fishing in the bay has almost vanished, due in part to an ecological collapse.
23.
Voer
–
The Voer is a small river in Belgium and the Netherlands. It is a tributary to the river Meuse. It has three tributaries of its own, the Veurs, the Noor and the Beek, the source of the Voer is near the village of Sint-Pieters-Voeren in the Belgian province of Limburg. The river crosses the Belgian-Dutch border between s-Gravenvoeren and Mesch, and flows into the river Meuse at Eijsden, the Voers total length is about 12 kilometres. It lends its name to the Voeren municipality as well as to the villages s-Gravenvoeren, Sint-Pieters-Voeren and Sint-Martens-Voeren through which it passes
Voer
–
Source (-building) of the Voer at Sint-Pieters-Voeren
Voer
–
The Voer in
's-Gravenvoeren
Voer
–
The Voer at
Eijsden quite near to its estuary in the
Meuse.
24.
Anholt (Denmark)
–
Anholt is a Danish island in the Kattegat, midway between Jutland and Sweden at the entrance to the North Sea in Northern Europe. There are 145 permanent residents as of 1 January 2016, Anholt is seven miles long and about four miles wide at its widest, and covers an area of 21,75 km². Anholt is part of Norddjurs Municipality in Region Midtjylland, before the 2007 municipal reform, it was in Grenå Municipality. The western fifth of Anholt consists of hilly country, while the eastern four-fifths of the island consist of mostly flat raised seabed with some low hills. Only the western hills are inhabited. The eastern part, called Ørkenen - the Desert - is treeless, the desert has never been ploughed. For this reason the original stone age topography from when the glaciation ceased and this includes former shorelines inland, consequences of different sea levels over time. The unploughed features of The Desert are unique for Denmark, as well as for part of Europe. The inhabited part of Anholt has two villages, The Harbour and Anholt Town, inland, there are also 300–400 summer houses, some of them rentals. The western part of Anholt is a moraine landscape, the small village is situated in the middle of the landscape, whereas the harbour is at the northwestern tip of the island. The eastern part of the island is known as Ørkenen and this desert-like area is the largest of its kind in Northern Europe. The desertification was caused by deforestation, strictly speaking, the desert is not a true desert, but a lichen heath, with some 300 to 400 types of lichen. Great efforts are being taken to preserve the unique scenery and prevent the effects of erosion. In 1995/6 the Danish Heath Society cleared large areas in the part of Ørkenen of mountain pine. On Totten, the tip of the island, there is one of the biggest colonies of seals in Denmark. This part of the island is closed to visitors, dangerous reefs and shoals surround Anholt. Consequently, in 1560 King Frederick II ordered the erection of lights at Skagen, Anholt. Despite the bascule light, on 10 November 1716 the 60-gun third-rate HMS Auguste, Captain Robert Johnson, most of the people on her were saved
Anholt (Denmark)
–
Aerial view of Anholt
Anholt (Denmark)
–
Anholt, Ørkenen - Desert - with sparse vegetation, covers 80 pct. of the island.
Anholt (Denmark)
–
The Anholt "desert", more precisely a
heath
Anholt (Denmark)
–
Bascule light at
Skagen
25.
Atlantic Ocean
–
The Atlantic Ocean is the second largest of the worlds oceans with a total area of about 106,460,000 square kilometres. It covers approximately 20 percent of the Earths surface and about 29 percent of its surface area. It separates the Old World from the New World, the Atlantic Ocean occupies an elongated, S-shaped basin extending longitudinally between Eurasia and Africa to the east, and the Americas to the west. The Equatorial Counter Current subdivides it into the North Atlantic Ocean, in contrast, the term Atlantic originally referred specifically to the Atlas Mountains in Morocco and the sea off the Strait of Gibraltar and the North African coast. The Greek word thalassa has been reused by scientists for the huge Panthalassa ocean that surrounded the supercontinent Pangaea hundreds of years ago. The term Aethiopian Ocean, derived from Ancient Ethiopia, was applied to the Southern Atlantic as late as the mid-19th century, many Irish or British people refer to the United States and Canada as across the pond, and vice versa. The Black Atlantic refers to the role of ocean in shaping black peoples history. Irish migration to the US is meant when the term The Green Atlantic is used, the term Red Atlantic has been used in reference to the Marxian concept of an Atlantic working class, as well as to the Atlantic experience of indigenous Americans. Correspondingly, the extent and number of oceans and seas varies, the Atlantic Ocean is bounded on the west by North and South America. It connects to the Arctic Ocean through the Denmark Strait, Greenland Sea, Norwegian Sea, to the east, the boundaries of the ocean proper are Europe, the Strait of Gibraltar and Africa. In the southeast, the Atlantic merges into the Indian Ocean, the 20° East meridian, running south from Cape Agulhas to Antarctica defines its border. In the 1953 definition it extends south to Antarctica, while in later maps it is bounded at the 60° parallel by the Southern Ocean, the Atlantic has irregular coasts indented by numerous bays, gulfs, and seas. Including these marginal seas the coast line of the Atlantic measures 111,866 km compared to 135,663 km for the Pacific. Including its marginal seas, the Atlantic covers an area of 106,460,000 km2 or 23. 5% of the ocean and has a volume of 310,410,900 km3 or 23. 3%. Excluding its marginal seas, the Atlantic covers 81,760,000 km2 and has a volume of 305,811,900 km3, the North Atlantic covers 41,490,000 km2 and the South Atlantic 40,270,000 km2. The average depth is 3,646 m and the maximum depth, the bathymetry of the Atlantic is dominated by a submarine mountain range called the Mid-Atlantic Ridge. It runs from 87°N or 300 km south of the North Pole to the subantarctic Bouvet Island at 42°S, the MAR divides the Atlantic longitudinally into two halves, in each of which a series of basins are delimited by secondary, transverse ridges. The MAR reaches above 2000 m along most of its length, the MAR is a barrier for bottom water, but at these two transform faults deep water currents can pass from one side to the other
Atlantic Ocean
–
The Atlantic Ocean as seen from the western coast of
Portugal
Atlantic Ocean
–
The Atlantic Ocean, not including
Arctic and
Antarctic regions
Atlantic Ocean
–
The Atlantic Ocean as seen from
Atlantic City, New Jersey.
Atlantic Ocean
–
Myrtle Beach, South Carolina view of the Atlantic Ocean.
26.
Sea trout
–
Sea trout is the common name usually applied to anadromous forms of brown trout, and is often referred to as Salmo trutta morpha trutta. Other names for anadromous brown trout are sewen, peel or peal, mort, finnock, white trout, the term sea trout is also used to describe other anadromous salmonids--coho salmon, brook trout, Arctic char, cutthroat trout and Dolly Varden. Even some non-salmonid species are commonly known as sea trout--Northern pikeminnow. Anadromous brown trout are widely distributed in Europe along the Atlantic and Baltic coasts, the United Kingdom and they do not occur in the Mediterranean Sea but are found in the Black and Caspian Seas. and as far north as the Barents and Kara Seas in the Arctic Ocean. Anadromous behavior has been reported in the Columbia river and its tributaries in the U. S. and they represent ecological forms with different migration behaviour. - Originally the name Salmo trutta was used to specifically to the anadromous or sea-run forms of brown trout. Early angling literature often referred to sea trout as trout or bull trout. Anadromous brown trout are a color with faint black spots. However, once they return to freshwater they quickly take on the coloration of resident brown trout in preparation for spawning. Sea trout kelts return to their stage as they migrate back to saltwater. Adult brown trout are between 18 to 56 centimetres long, and can weigh from 9 to 24 kilograms, breeding males will develop a hook-like, upward-facing protrusion on the lower jaw called a kype. In freshwater the top of the trout is a color with brown. The sides have many orange and red spots ringed with a light blue and their average length is 60 cm, but they can grow up to 130 cm in length and weigh up to 20 kg under favourable habitat conditions. Their most striking feature is the long, elongated, torpedo-shaped body and they have silver grey sides and grey-green backs. Like all trout species the sea trout has an adipose fin, Sea trout feed mainly on fish, small crabs, shrimps and prawns. It is an anadromous, migratory fish, which resembles the Atlantic salmon in its form. In the sea, it makes long journeys and also swims upstream into rivers in order to spawn. Spawning occurs in winter on gravelly river beds in the zone to the barbel zone
Sea trout
–
Brown trout
Sea trout
–
U.S. range of brown trout
Sea trout
–
A 2.7-kg (6 lb), 60-cm (2 ft) sea trout, from
Galway Bay in the west of
Ireland bearing scars from a
fishing net
Sea trout
–
Brown trout in a creek
27.
Garfish
–
The garfish, or sea needle, is a pelagic, oceanodromous needlefish found in brackish and marine waters of the Atlantic, the Mediterranean Sea, Caribbean Sea and the Baltic Sea. The garfish is a long and slender fish with a laterally-compressed body, the jaws are elongated and armed with sharp teeth. The pectoral, dorsal and anal fins are situated well back on the body, positioning the fins so far back gives greater flexibility to the body. The lateral line is set low on the flanks, the colour of the body is bluish green with a silvery grey belly and the bones are green. Garfish are pelagic fish which live close to the water surface and they eat small fish and have a migratory pattern similar to that of the mackerel, arriving a short time before the latter to spawn. They move into shallow waters in April and May and spawn in areas with eelgrass in May, in the autumn they return to the open sea, including the Atlantic west of the British Isles. Garfish are oviparous and the eggs are found attached to objects in the water by tendrils on the eggs surface. The garfish is a predator which hunts in the open sea seeking out shoals of fish such as Atlantic herring, sprats, sand eels. They also feed on free-swimming crustaceans, garfish are sometimes caught as bycatch, mainly in fixed nets along the coast in shallow waters. If caught with rod and line they tend to leap out of the water when hooked, garfish are eaten boiled, fried, baked, barbecued or smoked. They have unusual green bones which discourages people from eating them. Froese, Rainer and Pauly, Daniel, eds
Garfish
–
Garfish
Garfish
Garfish
–
About
fish
28.
Marina
–
A marina is a dock or basin with moorings and supplies for yachts and small boats. A marina differs from a port in that a marina does not handle large ships or cargo from freighters. The word marina is also used for inland wharves on rivers, marinas may be located along the banks of rivers connecting to lakes or seas and may be inland. They are also located on coastal harbors or coastal lagoons, either as stand alone facilities or within a port complex, a marina may have refueling, washing and repair facilities, marine and boat chandlers, stores and restaurants. A marina may include facilities such as parking lots for vehicles. Slipways transfer a trailered boat into the water, a marina may have a boat hoist well operated by service personnel. A marina may provide in- or out-of-water boat storage, fee-based services such as parking, use of picnic areas, pubs, and clubhouses for showers are usually included in long-term rental agreements. Visiting yachtsmen usually have the option of buying each amenity from a fixed schedule of fees, arrangements can be as wide as a use, such as a shower. The right to use the facilities is frequently extended at overnight or period rates to visiting yachtsmen, since marinas are often limited by available space, it may take years on a waiting list to get a permanent berth. Boats are moored on buoys, on fixed or floating walkways tied to an anchoring piling by a roller or ring mechanism, buoys are cheaper to rent but less convenient than being able to walk from land to boat. Harbor shuttles, may transfer people between the shore and boats moored on buoys, the alternative is a tender such as an inflatable boat. Facilities offering fuel, boat ramps and stores will normally have a common-use dock set aside for such short term parking needs, where the tidal range is large, marinas may use locks to maintain the water level for several hours before and after low water. Marinas may be owned and operated by a club, especially yacht clubs —. Marinas may be private businesses, components of a resort. List of marinas MARINA - Maritime Industry Authority
Marina
–
Aerial view of a typical marina (harbor dredge and lighthouse in lower right)
Marina
–
Hohe Düne Marina and
Yacht club in
Rostock, Germany
Marina
–
A marina with floating docks on
False Creek inlet in
Vancouver
