Ian Broudie
Ian Zachary Broudie is an English singer-songwriter and record producer from Liverpool, England. After emerging from the post-punk scene in Liverpool in the late 1970s as a member of Big in Japan, Broudie went on to produce albums for artists including Echo & the Bunnymen, The Fall, The Coral, The Zutons, The Subways and many others. Around 1989, he began writing and recording under the name Lightning Seeds, releasing the album Cloudcuckooland through Rough Trade on the independent label Ghetto Records, putting together a live touring band in 1994. Lightning Seeds achieved great commercial success throughout the 1990s. In 2004, Broudie released; the Lightning Seeds reformed in 2006 and released their sixth studio album Four Winds in 2009. Ian Broudie played in Liverpool's fledgling punk scene in the 1970s, he was a founder member of John Peel favourites Original Mirrors in the early'80s, was credited as a member of Bette Bright and the Illuminations on their lone album from 1981. In 1983, he wrote tracks under the name Care with vocalist Paul Simpson.
Broudie began writing as Lightning Seeds at the end of the 1980s, scoring a debut hit with the song "Pure". To begin with, The Lightning Seeds had just one member – Ian himself; the Lightning Seeds produced a selection of well-received singles and albums in the 1990s. The albums Cloudcuckooland and Sense followed; the latter's song "The Life of Riley" became the backing music for Match of the Day's Goal of the Month competition. In 1994 Broudie created a touring band, their 1994 album Jollification is considered by many as the moment the Lightning Seeds arrived as a mainstream band. During the same period, Broudie produced albums for other acts, including Northside, The Primitives, Terry Hall and Dodgy; the Lightning Seeds twice took football anthem "Three Lions" to number one, with different lyrics for the Euro 96 and France'98 tournaments. In the years since France'98, the song has been released multiple times for football tournaments, now has the unique distinction of being the only song in existence to have become UK #1 four separate times with the same artists: two one-week stints in 1996, three straight weeks in 1998 for the remake, again in 2018 for the original during the World Cup held in Russia.
On 14 March 1997, Broudie was the guest host of Top of the Pops. That year, the Lightning Seeds headlined the Hillsborough Justice Concert, held at Liverpool's Anfield stadium to raise fund for the families in their struggle for justice. Broudie returned with a new line-up in 2009, releasing the album Four Winds, has extensively toured since with a line-up including old Seeds favourites Angie Pollack, Martyn Campbell, Ian's son Riley Broudie. Broudie worked as a producer with many independent labels including Factory Records, Creation Records, Zoo Records and Rough Trade, sometimes under the name'Kingbird'. Broudie subsequently concentrated on production for other bands, working with the likes of The Coral, The Subways, The Zutons, French rock band Noir Desir for their first long album Veuillez rendre l'âme, The Rifles and on a handful of I Am Kloot songs. On 11 October 2004, Broudie released his debut solo effort, Tales Told, embraced by critics and fans alike – despite the fact that Tales Told saw Broudie move into folk rock territory and away from the slick pop sound of The Lightning Seeds.
The first song on the album, "Song for No One", featured in the opening episode of the 3rd season of the US TV series The O. C. Tales Told Smoke Rings EP He is Jewish and has a son called Riley, the subject of the song "The Life of Riley", he lives in London but spends a substantial amount of time writing and recording in Liverpool as his studio is located there. Jewish Chronicle, 16 February 2007, p. 43: "The life of Broudie" The Lightning Seeds official website Ian Broudie at AllMusic Ian Broudie discography at Discogs
Hounslow
Hounslow is a large commercial town and district in west London, England, 11.1 miles west-southwest of Charing Cross. It is the administrative centre of the London Borough of Hounslow and is identified as a major metropolitan centre in the London Plan; the town incorporates the villages and districts of Hounslow West and Cranford, which includes London Heathrow Airport. Part of Middlesex, since 1965 Hounslow has been part of the London Borough of Hounslow, with parts in the London Boroughs of Hillingdon, Richmond upon Thames, Ealing. Prior to this, Hounslow was part of the Municipal Borough of Heston and Isleworth, from 1835 until 1965. Whitton was part of the Municipal Borough of Twickenham, while Cranford was part of the Hayes and Harlington Urban District and Feltham Urban District. Additionally, Norwood Green was part of the Municipal Borough of Southall. Hounslow has a large shopping centre, called the Blenheim Centre, which adjoins its high street and a large number of restaurants, cafés and small businesses, many of which are associated with product assembly, telecommunications and Heathrow Airport.
It is connected to Central London by South Western Railway's Hounslow Loop Line and Hounslow station, by the London Underground's Piccadilly line through three stations - Hounslow West, Hounslow Central and Hounslow East. According to the 2011 census, the borough has a population of 254,000; the name Hounslow is spelt in old records as'Hundeslow' and similar, pointing to Anglo-Saxon Hundes hlāw, meaning "the dog's mound" or "the mound of a man named or nicknamed Hound". Positioned on the Bath Road, Hounslow was centred around Holy Trinity Priory founded in 1211; the priory developed what had been a small village into a town with regular markets and other facilities for travellers heading to and from London. Although the priory was dissolved in 1539 the town remained an important staging post on the Bath Road; the adjacent Hounslow Heath, used as a military encampment by both Oliver Cromwell and James II developed a reputation as the haunt of highwaymen and footpads. Nearby important landowners included those of Osterley House, Syon House, Hanworth Park House and Worton Hall.
In 1756 Sir Thomas Morris, a distant relative of Bernard Matthews, established the base of his chicken farming empire. As a rich philanthropist who started from humble beginnings, he used his wealth to establish a school for the under privileged children of the town, believing every child had the right to education; the building of the Great Western Railway line from London to Bristol from 1838 reduced long-distance travel along the Bath Road. By 1842 the local paper was reporting that the'formerly flourishing village', which used to stable 2,000 horses, was suffering a'general depreciation of property'; the Hounslow Loop Line was constructed in 1850. One of the earliest surviving houses in the town is The Lawn, in front of the Civic Centre with its public tennis courts, in brown brick with three double-hung sash windows set back in reveals with flat arches, roof with parapet and porch of fluted doric columns, pilasters and semi-circular traceried fanlight; the construction of the Great West Road in the 1920s attracted the building of the factories and headquarters of large companies.
The factories were a great local source of employment until a decline in the 1970s, attracting workers from a wide area and leading to a great deal of housing development. In the next two decades offices replaced factories on the Great West Road and further expansion in hotel and housing stock has taken place, an example being the Blenheim Centre, an image of, in the gallery section below. Hounslow Town Centre is a busy predominantly retail centre, with a small number of commercial offices and civic buildings. There is a large shopping centre called the Treaty Shopping Centre, containing Debenhams, JD, Next, H&M and many large branches of chain stores found in British high streets, it includes a food court along with over 50 shops. There is a large ASDA superstore located within the Blenheim Centre complex along with B&M, a Barnado's charity shop, a local health centre, a gym run by The Gym Group and Jungle V. I. P. A new retail area, the High Street Quarter, will be located near Hounslow High Street and is set to contain a 27-storey residential tower along with many shops, a ten-screen Cineworld cinema multiplex.
Hounslow is an economic hub within the west of the capital city, with it having a large shopping centre which adjoins its high street and a large number of restaurants, cafés and small businesses, many of which are associated with product assembly, telecommunications and Heathrow Airport, which has a large number of businesses and public sector jobs in and around it to which the local population commute. The settlement is partially employed in the Commuter Belt with access between 45 and 60 minutes from most of Central London. DHL Air UK has its head office in the Orbital Park in Hounslow. There are three major roads in Hounslow; the east-west roads, the A4'Great West Road' and the'Bath Road' that connects Hounslow to Central London and Slough, the A30'Great South West Road' that connects it to Staines-upon-Thames, which meet at Henlys Roundabout in Hounslow West. There is the north-south road, the A312'The Causeway' and'The Parkway', which connects Hounslow to Hampton in the south and Harrow to the north.
Additionally, A and B roads in Hounslow include the A314'Hanworth Road
Nigel Clark
Nigel Richard Clark is an English singer-songwriter, best known as the lead singer and bassist of Dodgy. Clark returned to performing in 2005 as a solo artist; this new project received a positive review from Q magazine. He released his debut album 21st Century Man, on 20 November 2006. In 2007, Clark teamed up with dance music duo SFG to produce a new version of Dodgy's "Good Enough". SFG had been writing dance tracks together in their Hereford recording studio for two years; the group consists of Andrew Marston. BMG Music Publishing, who own the copyright to "Good Enough", allowed the reworking in July 2007, the single is available as a white label. Clark works as a music teacher at "The Aspire Academy" in Worcester. and lives with his Wife and two kids and Elektra Official Facebook
Bosnia and Herzegovina
Bosnia and Herzegovina, sometimes called Bosnia–Herzegovina, known informally as Bosnia, is a country in Southeastern Europe, located within the Balkan Peninsula. Sarajevo is largest city. Bosnia and Herzegovina is an landlocked country – it has a narrow coast at the Adriatic Sea, about 20 kilometres long surrounding the town of Neum, it is bordered by Croatia to the north and south. In the central and eastern interior of the country the geography is mountainous, in the northwest it is moderately hilly, the northeast is predominantly flatland; the inland, Bosnia, is a geographically larger region and has a moderate continental climate, with hot summers and cold and snowy winters. The southern tip, has a Mediterranean climate and plain topography. Bosnia and Herzegovina traces permanent human settlement back to the Neolithic age and after which it was populated by several Illyrian and Celtic civilizations. Culturally and the country has a rich history, having been first settled by the Slavic peoples that populate the area today from the 6th through to the 9th centuries.
In the 12th century the Banate of Bosnia was established, which evolved into the Kingdom of Bosnia in the 14th century, after which it was annexed into the Ottoman Empire, under whose rule it remained from the mid-15th to the late 19th centuries. The Ottomans brought Islam to the region, altered much of the cultural and social outlook of the country; this was followed by annexation into the Austro-Hungarian Monarchy, which lasted up until World War I. In the interwar period and Herzegovina was part of the Kingdom of Yugoslavia and after World War II, it was granted full republic status in the newly formed Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia. Following the dissolution of Yugoslavia, the republic proclaimed independence in 1992, followed by the Bosnian War, lasting until late 1995. Tourism in Bosnia and Herzegovina has grown at double digit rates in recent years. Bosnia and Herzegovina is regionally and internationally renowned for its natural environment and cultural heritage inherited from six historical civilizations, its cuisine, winter sports, its eclectic and unique music and its festivals, some of which are the largest and most prominent of their kind in Southeastern Europe.
The country is home to three main ethnic groups or constituent peoples, as specified in the constitution. Bosniaks are the largest group of the three, with Serbs second, Croats third. A native of Bosnia and Herzegovina, regardless of ethnicity, is identified in English as a Bosnian. Minorities, defined under the constitutional nomenclature "Others", include Jews, Poles and Turks. Bosnia and Herzegovina has a bicameral legislature and a three-member Presidency composed of a member of each major ethnic group. However, the central government's power is limited, as the country is decentralized and comprises two autonomous entities: the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina and Republika Srpska, with a third unit, the Brčko District, governed under local government; the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina consists of 10 cantons. Bosnia and Herzegovina ranks in terms of human development, has an economy dominated by the industry and agriculture sectors, followed by the tourism and service sectors; the country has a social security and universal healthcare system, primary- and secondary-level education is tuition-free.
It is a member of the UN, OSCE, Council of Europe, PfP, CEFTA, a founding member of the Union for the Mediterranean upon its establishment in July 2008. The country is a potential candidate for membership to the European Union and has been a candidate for NATO membership since April 2010, when it received a Membership Action Plan; the first preserved acknowledged mention of Bosnia is in De Administrando Imperio, a politico-geographical handbook written by the Byzantine emperor Constantine VII in the mid-10th century describing the "small land" of "Bosona". The name is believed to have derived from the hydronym of the river Bosna coursing through the Bosnian heartland. According to philologist Anton Mayer the name Bosna could derive from Illyrian *"Bass-an-as"), which would derive from the Proto-Indo-European root "bos" or "bogh"—meaning "the running water". According to English medievalist William Miller the Slavic settlers in Bosnia "adapted the Latin designation Basante, to their own idiom by calling the stream Bosna and themselves Bosniaks ".
The name Herzegovina originates from Bosnian magnate Stjepan Vukčić Kosača's title, "Herceg of Hum and the Coast". Hum Zahumlje, was an early medieval principality, conquered by the Bosnian Banate in the first half of the 14th century; the region was administered by the Ottomans as the Sanjak of Herzegovina within the Eyalet of Bosnia up until the formation of the short-lived Herzegovina Eyalet in the 1830s, which remerged in the 1850s, after which the entity became known as Bosnia and Herzegovina. On initial proclamation of independence in 1992, the country's official name was the Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina but following the 1995 Dayton Agreement and the new constitution that accompanied it the official name was changed to Bosnia and Herzegovina. Bosnia has been inhabited by humans since at least the Neolithic age; the earliest Neolithic population became known in the Antiquity as the Illyrians. Celtic migrations in the 4th century BC were notable. Concrete historical e
A&M Records
A&M Records was an American record label founded as an independent company by Herb Alpert and Jerry Moss in 1962. Due to the success of the discography A&M released, the label garnered interest and was acquired by PolyGram in 1989 and began distributing releases from Polydor Ltd. from the UK. Throughout its operations, A&M housed well-known acts such as Joe Cocker, Procol Harum, Captain & Tennille, Sergio Mendes, Ozark Mountain Daredevils, Bryan Adams, Burt Bacharach, Liza Minnelli, The Carpenters, Paul Williams, Janet Jackson, Cat Stevens, Peter Frampton, Elkie Brooks, Carole King, Extreme, Amy Grant, Joan Baez, the Human League, The Police, CeCe Peniston, Blues Traveler, Soundgarden and Sheryl Crow. PolyGram was acquired by Seagram and dissolved into Universal Music Group in 1998, A&M's operations were ceased in January 1999 when it was merged with Geffen Records and Interscope Records to form the record company Interscope Geffen A&M Records. In 2007, Interscope Geffen A&M announced that A&M was revived as trademark and brand and was to be merged with Octone Records to form A&M Octone Records, which operated until 2013, when A&M Octone was folded into Interscope.
Today, A&M's catalog releases are managed by Verve Records, Universal Music Enterprises and Interscope. A&M Records was formed in 1962 by Jerry Moss, their first choice for a name was Carnival Records, under which they released two singles before discovering that another label had taken the Carnival name. The company was subsequently renamed Moss's initials. From 1966 to 1999, the company's headquarters were on the grounds of the historic Charlie Chaplin Studios at 1416 North La Brea Avenue, near Sunset Boulevard in Hollywood. Throughout the 1960s and 1970s, A&M had such acts as Herb Alpert & the Tijuana Brass, Baja Marimba Band, Burt Bacharach, Sérgio Mendes & Brasil ’66, the Sandpipers, Boyce & Hart, We Five, the Carpenters, Chris Montez, Elkie Brooks, Lee Michaels and Tennille, the Flying Burrito Brothers, Quincy Jones, Lucille Starr, Stealers Wheel and Lyle, Barry DeVorzon, Perry Botkin, Jr. Marc Benno, Liza Minnelli, Rita Coolidge, Gino Vannelli, Wes Montgomery, Paul Desmond, Bobby Tench, Toni Basil, Paul Williams.
Folk artists Joan Baez, Phil Ochs and Gene Clark recorded for the label during the 1970s. Billy Preston joined the label in 1971, followed by Andre Popp and Herb Ohta in 1973. In the late 1960s, through direct signing and licensing agreements, A&M added several British artists to its roster, including Cat Stevens, Joe Cocker, Procol Harum, Humble Pie, Fairport Convention, the Move and Spooky Tooth. In the 1970s, under its manufacturing and distribution agreement with Ode Records, A&M released albums by Carole King and the comedy duo Cheech & Chong. Other notable acts of the time included Nazareth, Y&T, the Tubes, Supertramp, Joan Armatrading and James, Chris de Burgh, Rick Wakeman, the Ozark Mountain Daredevils, Chuck Mangione and Peter Frampton. On March 10, 1977, A&M signed the Sex Pistols after the band had been dropped by EMI. However, A&M dropped the band within a week. A&M sustained its success during the 1980s with a roster of noted acts that included Orchestral Manoeuvres in the Dark, Henry Badowski, Janet Jackson, the Police, the Brothers Johnson, Atlantic Starr, the Go-Go's, Bryan Adams, Suzanne Vega, Brenda Russell, Jeffrey Osborne, Oingo Boingo, the Human League, Ozark Mountain Daredevils, Lois & Bram, Annabel Lamb, Jim Diamond, Vital Signs, Joe Jackson, Scottish rock band Gun.
They through a deal with Christian music label Myrrh, distributed back catalog recordings of Amy Grant as well as her new recordings, starting with 1985's Unguarded, to the mainstream marketplace, a vital component in her subsequent breakthrough as a mainstream artist. Within a decade of its inception, A&M became the world's largest independent record company. A&M releases were issued in the United Kingdom by EMI's Stateside Records label, under its own name by Pye Records, who released the first Herb Alpert records on the Pye International label before issuing the records on the A&M label until 1967. From 1969, A&M set up its own UK base appointing John Deacon as General Manager - a post he held until 1979. Several A&R men were recruited including Larry Yaskiel and Derek Green and major UK acts such as the Police, Rick Wakeman, Gallagher & Lyle, Elkie Brooks, the Strawbs and Peter Frampton as well as many others were all signed to the UK label. A&M releases were issued in Australia through Festival Records until 1989.
A&M Records Ltd. was established in 1970, with distribution handled by other labels with a presence in Europe. A&M Records of Canada Ltd. was formed in 1970, A&M Records of Europe in 1977. In 1979, A&M entered a distribution agreement with RCA Records in the US, with CBS Records in many other countries. Over the years, A&M added specialty imprints: Almo International for middle of the road. A&M was bought by PolyGram in 1989. Alpert and Moss continued to manage the label until 1993. In 1998, Alpert and Moss sued PolyGram for breach of the integrity clause settling for an additional $200 million payment. In 1991, A&M launched Perspective Records as a joint venture with producing team Jimmy Jam and Terry Lewis. Jam and Lewis stepped down as CEOs of the imprint in 1997. In 1999, t
The Jesus and Mary Chain
The Jesus and Mary Chain are a Scottish alternative rock band formed in East Kilbride in 1983. The band revolves around the songwriting partnership of William Reid. After signing to independent label Creation Records, they released their first single "Upside Down" in 1984, their debut album Psychocandy was released to critical acclaim in 1985 on major label WEA. The band went on to release five more studio albums before disbanding in 1999, they reunited in 2007. Brothers Jim and William Reid had been inspired to form a band as far back as 1977, having heard groups of the British punk scene. William stated, "It was perfect timing. Everybody was making this electronic pop music." Before forming the band, the brothers had spent five years on the dole, during which they wrote and recorded songs at home and worked out the sound and image of the band. Called The Poppy Seeds, Death of Joey, they told journalists that they had taken their eventual name from a line in a Bing Crosby film, although six months they admitted that this was not true.
Other accounts suggest that the name derived from an offer on a breakfast cereal packet, where customers could send off for a gold Jesus & Mary chain. The brothers started recording and sending demos to record companies in 1983, by early 1984 they had recruited bass player Douglas Hart and teenage drummer Murray Dalglish. Early influences included The Velvet Underground, The Stooges, The Shangri-Las, William stating in 1985, "We all love The Shangri-Las, one day we're going to make Shangri-Las records." Jim mentioned his liking for Pink Floyd and the Banshees, The Monkees and Muddy Waters. Early demos displayed a similarity to the Ramones, prompting the brothers to add another element to their sound. We want to make records that sound different." They began playing live in Spring 1984. In the early days William Reid's guitar would be left out of tune, while Dalglish's drum kit was limited to two drums, Hart's bass guitar only had three strings, down to two by 1985. Two is enough."Struggling to get gigs, the band took to turning up at venues claiming to be the support band, playing their short set and making a quick exit.
After failing to generate any interest from concert promoters and record labels in Scotland, the band relocated to Fulham, London, in May 1984, soon afterwards their demo tape was passed to fellow Scot Alan McGee by Bobby Gillespie. Subsequently, McGee promoted a gig for the band at the Living Room in London in June 1984. On the strength of hearing the band sound check, McGee signed them to his Creation Records label on a one-off deal, McGee became the band's manager, their debut single, "Upside Down", was released in November that year. The sessions were produced by Joe Foster, but McGee, unsatisfied with Foster's work, remixed the A-side, although the B-side, a cover version of Syd Barrett's "Vegetable Man", remained credited to Foster; the band were gaining increasing attention from the music press at this time with Neil Taylor of the NME describing them as "the best band in the world". Dalglish left in November 1984 after a dispute over money and was replaced shortly afterwards by Bobby Gillespie who had formed Primal Scream two years earlier in 1982.
In December the band were arrested for possession of amphetamines, Jim Reid confessed to using LSD. "Upside Down" topped the UK Indie Chart in February 1985 and again in March and stayed on the chart for 76 weeks, selling around 35,000 copies in total, making it one of the biggest-selling indie singles of the 1980s. Playing in front of small audiences, during early shows the Mary Chain performed short gigs fuelled by amphetamines and lasting around 20 minutes, played with their backs to the audience, refusing to speak to them. In late December 1984, the band performed as part of the ICA Rock Week. During their performance, bottles were thrown on stage, with press reports exaggerating events and claiming that there had been a riot, national newspaper The Sun running a story on the band concentrating on violence and drugs, the band attracting the tag "The new Sex Pistols"; this led several local councils to ban the band from performing in their area. The success of "Upside Down" led to interest from WEA-subsidiary Blanco y Negro Records which signed the group in early 1985.
The group released the single "Never Understand" in February which reached number forty-seven in the UK Singles Chart. The label had refused to press the single due to its B-side, "Suck", but went ahead given the alternative put forward by the band, a song called "Jesus Fuck"; the band were eager to get "Jesus Fuck" released, Alan McGee got as far as producing test pressings of a re-issue of "Upside Down" with the song on the B-side, before the band insisted that Blanco y Negro include the track on their next single. The follow-up, "You Trip Me Up", was delayed due to staff at the pressing plant refusing to press it due to the presence of the song, now re-titled "Jesus Suck". John Peel got the band to record a second session for his BBC Radio 1 show in February 1985, the band made a TV appearance on Whistle Test in March and The Tube the same year; the third single for Blanco y Negro, "Just Like Honey", released in October, gave them their biggest hit to date, rea
UK Singles Chart
The UK Singles Chart is compiled by the Official Charts Company, on behalf of the British record industry, listing the top-selling singles in the United Kingdom, based upon physical sales, paid-for downloads and streaming. The Official Chart, broadcast on BBC Radio 1 and MTV, is the UK music industry's recognised official measure of singles and albums popularity because it is the most comprehensive research panel of its kind, today surveying over 15,000 retailers and digital services daily, capturing 99.9% of all singles consumed in Britain across the week, over 98% of albums. To be eligible for the chart, a single is defined by the Official Charts Company as either a'single bundle' having no more than four tracks and not lasting longer than 25 minutes or one digital audio track not longer than 15 minutes with a minimum sale price of 40 pence; the rules have changed many times as technology has developed, the most notable being the inclusion of digital downloads in 2005 and streaming in July 2014.
The OCC website contains the Top 100 chart. Some media outlets only list the Top 75 of this list; the chart week runs from 00:01 Friday to midnight Thursday, with most UK physical and digital singles being released on Fridays. From 3 August 1969 until 5 July 2015, the chart week ran from 00:01 Sunday to midnight Saturday; the Top 40 chart is first issued on Friday afternoons by BBC Radio 1 as The Official Chart from 16:00 to 17:45, before the full Official Singles Chart Top 100 is posted on the Official Charts Company's website. A rival chart show, The Vodafone Big Top 40, is based on iTunes downloads and commercial radio airplay across the Global Radio network only, is broadcast on Sunday afternoons from 16:00 to 19:00 on 145 local commercial radio stations across the United Kingdom; the Big Top 40 is not regarded by the industry or wider media. There is a show called "Official KISS Top 40", counting down 40 most played songs on Kiss FM every Sunday 17:00 to 19:00; the UK Singles Chart began to be compiled in 1952.
According to the Official Charts Company's statistics, as of 1 July 2012, 1,200 singles have topped the UK Singles Chart. The precise number of chart-toppers is debatable due to the profusion of competing charts from the 1950s to the 1980s, but the usual list used is that endorsed by the Guinness Book of British Hit Singles and subsequently adopted by the Official Charts Company; the company regards a selected period of the New Musical Express chart and the Record Retailer chart from 1960 to 1969 as predecessors for the period prior to 11 February 1969, where multiples of competing charts coexisted side by side. For example, the BBC compiled its own chart based on an average of the music papers of the time; the first number one on the UK Singles Chart was "Here in My Heart" by Al Martino for the week ending date 14 November 1952. As of the week ending date 18 April 2019, the UK Singles Chart has had 1352 different number-one hits; the current number-one single is "Someone You Loved" by Lewis Capaldi.
Before the compilation of sales of records, the music market measured a song's popularity by sales of sheet music. The idea of compiling a chart based on sales originated in the United States, where the music-trade paper Billboard compiled the first chart incorporating sales figures on 20 July 1940. Record charts in the UK began in 1952, when Percy Dickins of the New Musical Express gathered a pool of 52 stores willing to report sales figures. For the first British chart Dickins telephoned 20 shops, asking for a list of the 10 best-selling songs; these results were aggregated into a Top 12 chart published in NME on 14 November 1952, with Al Martino's "Here in My Heart" awarded the number-one position. The chart became a successful feature of the periodical. Record Mirror compiled its own Top 10 chart for 22 January 1955; the NME chart was based on a telephone poll. Both charts expanded in size, with Mirror's becoming a Top 20 in October 1955 and NME's becoming a Top 30 in April 1956. Another rival publication, Melody Maker, began compiling its own chart.
It was the first chart to include Northern Ireland in its sample. Record Mirror began running a Top 5 album chart in July 1956. In March 1960, Record Retailer had a Top 50 singles chart. Although NME had the largest circulation of charts in the 1960s and was followed, in March 1962 Record Mirror stopped compiling its own chart and published Record Retailer's instead. Retailer began independent auditing in January 1963, has been used by the UK Singles Chart as the source for number-ones since the week ending 12 March 1960; the choice of Record Retailer as the source has been criticised. With available lists of which record shops were sampled to compile the charts some shops were subjected to "hyping" but, with Record Retailer being less followed than some charts, it was subject to less hyping. Additionally, Retailer was set up by independent record shops and had no funding or affiliation with record companies. However, it had a smaller sample size than some ri
