Duchy of Guelders
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The Duchy of Guelders is a historical duchy, previously county, of the Holy Roman Empire, located in the Low Countries.
Guelders officer of arms wearing a tabard of the shield, c. 1395
Dutch Republic
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The Republic of the Seven United Netherlands, also known as the United Provinces, and referred to in historiography as the Dutch Republic, was a confederation and great power that existed from 1588 un
Duchy of Guelders
…against King Philip II of Spain in the Dutch Revolt, the three northern quarters of Gelderland joined the Union of Utrecht and became part of the United Provinces upon the 1581 Act of Abjuration, while only the Upper Quarter remained a part of the Spanish Netherlands. At the Treaty of Utrecht, ending the War of…
William of Orange, by Adriaen Thomasz Key.
Anonymous portrait of the Dutch philosopher Baruch Spinoza. He was of Portuguese-Jewish origin.
The Amsterdam Stock Exchange, by Job Adriaenszoon Berckheyde
Dam Square in the late 17th century: painting by Gerrit Adriaenszoon Berckheyde