A dump truck, known also as a dumping truck, dump trailer, dumper trailer, dump lorry or dumper lorry or a dumper for short, is used for transporting materials for construction as well as coal. A typical dump truck is equipped with an open-box bed, which is hinged at the rear and equipped with hydraulic rams to lift the front, allowing the material in the bed to be deposited ("dumped") on the ground behind the truck at the site of delivery. In the UK, Australia, South Africa and India the term applies to off-road construction plants only and the road vehicle is known as a tip lorry, tipper lorry, tipper truck, tip truck, tip trailer or tipper trailer or simply a tipper.
A dump truck dumps gravel for a road construction project
The Graff & Hipple Wagon Dumper, c. 1884, showing an early lever-based dumping mechanism
An Ashok Leyland Comet dump truck, an example of a very basic 4×2 dump truck used for payloads of 10 metric tons (11.0 short tons; 9.8 long tons) or less
US 4-axle with lift axle
A truck or lorry is a motor vehicle designed to transport freight, carry specialized payloads, or perform other utilitarian work. Trucks vary greatly in size, power, and configuration, but the vast majority feature body-on-frame construction, with a cabin that is independent of the payload portion of the vehicle. Smaller varieties may be mechanically similar to some automobiles. Commercial trucks can be very large and powerful and may be configured to be mounted with specialized equipment, such as in the case of refuse trucks, fire trucks, concrete mixers, and suction excavators. In American English, a commercial vehicle without a trailer or other articulation is formally a "straight truck" while one designed specifically to pull a trailer is not a truck but a "tractor".
Freightliner M2 dump truck
Sentinel steam wagon
Daimler Motor-Lastwagen from 1898
1903 Eldridge truck on display at the Iowa 80 Trucking Museum, Walcott, Iowa.