Early Church of Jerusalem
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The Early Church of Jerusalem is considered to be the first community of early Christianity. It was formed in Jerusalem after the crucifixion of Jesus. It proclaimed to Jews and non-Jews the resurrect
Theodotos inscription, donor inscription of a Jerusalem synagogue of the 1st century AD (Israel Museum).
Icon representation of St. James
Since the 1970s, scholars have sought to place Paul the Apostle within his historical context in Second Temple Judaism. Paul's relationship to Judaism involves topics including the status of Israel's
Valentin de Boulogne: Saint Paul Writing His Epistles (c. 1618–1620), Museum of Fine Arts, Houston, Texas. Nowadays, biblical scholars believe that the Apostle Paul actually dictated his letters to a secretary (e.g., Romans 16:22).
Circumcision of Christ, sculpture in the Cathedral of Chartres.
Rembrandt: The Apostle Paul, circa 1657 (National Gallery of Art, Washington, D.C.)
Rembrandt's Two old men disputing, 1628. This painting has been thought to depict Peter and Paul.