Eclecticism in architecture
Eclecticism is a 19th and 20th century architectural style in which a single piece of work incorporates a mixture of elements from previous historical styles to create something that is new and original. In architecture and interior design, these elements may include structural features, furniture, decorative motives, distinct historical ornament, traditional cultural motifs or styles from other countries, with the mixture usually chosen based on its suitability to the project and overall aesthetic value.
The Basilica of the Sagrada Família in Barcelona designed by Antoni Gaudí is a notable example of eclecticism. Elements of the Gothic style were merged with Oriental motifs and forms found in the natural world, resulting in a structure that was distinctive and original. Although it was designed during the peak of the eclectic period (1883–1926), it remains under construction today.
Eclectic building. Street Alfonso VIII. Burgos, Spain (1922). Note the mix of neogothic with art nouveau and neoclassical styles
Residence of Bukovinian and Dalmatian Metropolitans, by Josef Hlávka, 1882, Chernivtsi, Ukraine, with a basis in Brick Gothic.
The Aston Webb building at the University of Birmingham (1900–12), UK, in a quasi-Byzantine style.
Revivalism (architecture)
Architectural revivalism is the use of elements that echo the style of a previous architectural era that have or had fallen into disuse or abeyance between their heyday and period of revival. Revivalism, in a narrower sense, refers to the period of- and movement within- Western architectural history during which a succession of antecedent and remenescent styles were taken to by architects, roughly from the late 18th century, and which was itself succeeded by Modernism. Notable revival styles include Neoclassical architecture, and Gothic Revival. Revivalism is related to historicism.
One of the most famous Gothic Revival structures, Elizabeth Tower sits at the Palace of Westminster in London.
The Russian Revival-representing Uspenski Cathedral from 1868 in Katajanokka, Helsinki, Finland
Typical historicist house: Gründerzeit building by Arwed Roßbach in Leipzig, Germany (built in 1892)
1862 lithograph of the Aegyptischer Hof (English: Egyptian court), from the Neues Museum (Berlin), built in the Neo-Egyptian style