Ecological facilitation
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Ecological facilitation or probiosis describes species interactions that benefit at least one of the participants and cause harm to neither. Facilitations can be categorized as mutualisms, in which bo
Nurse log harboring a western hemlock tree
'Bubbles' of honeydew on aphids
Nurse plant
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A nurse plant is one that serves the ecological role of helping seedlings establish themselves, and of protecting young plants from harsh conditions. This effect is particularly well studied among pla
Ecological facilitation
…pollinators, dispersers, and mycorrhizae. Thus, positive interactions must be considered in any attempt to understand the invasibility of a community. Nurse plants Symbiosis…
A paloverde tree acting as a nurse plant to a saguaro in the Sonoran Desert not far from the Superstition mountains.
Saguaro cactus in the shade of a palo verde tree