Efflorescence
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In chemistry, efflorescence is the migration of a salt to the surface of a porous material, where it forms a coating. The essential process involves the dissolving of an internally held salt in water
Secondary efflorescence on the dam of the Robert Moses Niagara Power Plant.
Primary efflorescence on a brick wall in Germany.
Primary efflorescence on a firestop mortar at Mississauga Civic Centre in Mississauga, Ontario City Hall.
Substantial primary efflorescence on a building in Denver, Colorado.
Sodium carbonate
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Sodium carbonate is the inorganic compound with the formula Na2CO3 and its various hydrates. All forms are white, odorless, water-soluble salts that yield alkaline solutions in water. Historically, it
Efflorescence
…crystalline solid that when exposed to air, slowly loses water of crystallization from its surface to form a white layer of anhydrous copper(II) sulfate. Sodium carbonate decahydrate (Na2CO3.10H2O) will lose water when exposed to air. Primary efflorescence is named such, as it typically occurs during the initial cure of a cementitious…
Sample of sodium carbonate