1.
Denmark
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The term Danish Realm refers to the relationship between Denmark proper, the Faroe Islands and Greenland—three countries constituting the Kingdom of Denmark. The legal nature of the Kingdom of Denmark is fundamentally one of a sovereign state. The Faroe Islands and Greenland have been part of the Crown of Denmark since 1397 when the Kalmar Union was ratified, legal matters in The Danish Realm are subject to the Danish Constitution. Beginning in 1953, state law issues within The Danish Realm has been governed by The Unity of the Realm, a less formal name for The Unity of the Realm is the Commonwealth of the Realm. In 1978, The Unity of The Realm was for the first time referred to as rigsfællesskabet. The name caught on and since the 1990s, both The Unity of The Realm and The Danish Realm itself has increasingly been referred to as simply rigsfællesskabet in daily parlance. The Danish Constitution stipulates that the foreign and security interests for all parts of the Danish Realm are the responsibility of the Danish government, the Faroes received home rule in 1948 and Greenland did so in 1979. In 2005, the Faroes received a self-government arrangement, and in 2009 Greenland received self rule, the Danish Realms unique state of internal affairs is acted out in the principle of The Unity of the Realm. This principle is derived from Article 1 of the Danish Constitution which specifies that constitutional law applies equally to all areas of the Danish Realm, the Constitutional Act specifies that sovereignty is to continue to be exclusively with the authorities of the Realm. The language of Denmark is Danish, and the Danish state authorities are based in Denmark, the Kingdom of Denmarks parliament, with its 179 members, is located in the capital, Copenhagen. Two of the members are elected in each of Greenland and the Faroe Islands. The Government ministries are located in Copenhagen, as is the highest court, in principle, the Danish Realm constitutes a unified sovereign state, with equal status between its constituent parts. Devolution differs from federalism in that the powers of the subnational authority ultimately reside in central government. The Self-Government Arrangements devolves political competence and responsibility from the Danish political authorities to the Faroese, the Faroese and Greenlandic authorities administer the tasks taken over from the state, enact legislation in these specific fields and have the economic responsibility for solving these tasks. The Danish government provides a grant to the Faroese and the Greenlandic authorities to cover the costs of these devolved areas. The 1948 Home Rule Act of the Faroe Islands sets out the terms of Faroese home rule, the Act states. the Faroe Islands shall constitute a self-governing community within the State of Denmark. It establishes the government of the Faroe Islands and the Faroese parliament. The Faroe Islands were previously administered as a Danish county, the Home Rule Act abolished the post of Amtmand and these powers were expanded in a 2005 Act, which named the Faroese home government as an equal partner with the Danish government
2.
Faroe Islands
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The Faroe Islands, also spelled the Faeroes, is an archipelago between the Norwegian Sea and the North Atlantic, about halfway between Norway and Iceland,320 kilometres north-northwest of Scotland. Its area is about 1,400 square kilometres with a population of 49,188 in 2016, the Faeroe Islands is an autonomous country within the Danish Realm. The land of the Faeroes is rugged, and these islands have an oceanic climate, windy, wet, cloudy. Despite this island groups northerly latitude, temperatures average above freezing throughout the year because of the Gulf Stream, between 1035 and 1814, the Faeroes were part of the Hereditary Kingdom of Norway. In 1814, the Treaty of Kiel granted Denmark control over the islands, the Faroe Islands have been a self-governing country within the Kingdom of Denmark since 1948. The Faroese have control of most domestic matters, areas that remain the responsibility of Denmark include military defence, the police department, the justice department, currency, and foreign affairs. However, as they are not part of the customs area as Denmark, the Faroe Islands have an independent trade policy. The islands also have representation in the Nordic Council as members of the Danish delegation, the people of the Faroe Islands also compete as national team in certain sports. In Danish, the name Færøerne may reflect an Old Norse word fær, the morpheme øerne represents a plural of ø in Danish. The Danish name thus translates as the islands of sheep, in Faroese, the name appears as Føroyar. Oyar represents the plural of oy, older Faroese for island, the modern Faeroese word for island is oyggj. In the English language, their name is sometimes spelled Faeroe, archaeological evidence shows settlers living on the Faroe Islands in two successive periods prior to the arrival of the Norse, the first between 400 and 600 and the second between 600 and 800. Scientists from the University of Aberdeen have also found early cereal pollen from domesticated plants, archaeologist Mike Church noted that Dicuil mentioned what may have been the Faroes. He also suggested that the living there might have been from Ireland, Scotland or Scandinavia. A Latin account of a made by Brendan, an Irish monastic saint who lived around 484–578. This association, however, is far from conclusive in its description, Dicuil, an Irish monk of the early 9th century, wrote a more definite account. 800, bringing Old West Norse, which evolved into the modern Faroese language, according to Icelandic sagas such as Færeyjar Saga, one of the best known men in the island was Tróndur í Gøtu, a descendant of Scandinavian chiefs who had settled in Dublin, Ireland. Tróndur led the battle against Sigmund Brestursson, the Norwegian monarchy, a traditional name for the islands in Irish, Na Scigirí, possibly refers to the Skeggjar Beards, a nickname given to island dwellers
3.
Association football
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Association football, more commonly known as football or soccer, is a team sport played between two teams of eleven players with a spherical ball. It is played by 250 million players in over 200 countries and dependencies making it the worlds most popular sport, the game is played on a rectangular field with a goal at each end. The object of the game is to score by getting the ball into the opposing goal, players are not allowed to touch the ball with their hands or arms while it is in play, unless they are goalkeepers. Other players mainly use their feet to strike or pass the ball, the team that scores the most goals by the end of the match wins. If the score is level at the end of the game, the Laws of the Game were originally codified in England by The Football Association in 1863. Association football is governed internationally by the International Federation of Association Football, the first written reference to the inflated ball used in the game was in the mid-14th century, Þe heued fro þe body went, Als it were a foteballe. The Online Etymology Dictionary states that the word soccer was split off in 1863, according to Partha Mazumdar, the term soccer originated in England, first appearing in the 1880s as an Oxford -er abbreviation of the word association. Within the English-speaking world, association football is now usually called football in the United Kingdom and mainly soccer in Canada and the United States. People in Australia, Ireland, South Africa and New Zealand use either or both terms, although national associations in Australia and New Zealand now primarily use football for the formal name. According to FIFA, the Chinese competitive game cuju is the earliest form of football for which there is scientific evidence, cuju players could use any part of the body apart from hands and the intent was kicking a ball through an opening into a net. It was remarkably similar to football, though similarities to rugby occurred. During the Han Dynasty, cuju games were standardised and rules were established, phaininda and episkyros were Greek ball games. An image of an episkyros player depicted in low relief on a vase at the National Archaeological Museum of Athens appears on the UEFA European Championship Cup, athenaeus, writing in 228 AD, referenced the Roman ball game harpastum. Phaininda, episkyros and harpastum were played involving hands and violence and they all appear to have resembled rugby football, wrestling and volleyball more than what is recognizable as modern football. As with pre-codified mob football, the antecedent of all football codes. Non-competitive games included kemari in Japan, chuk-guk in Korea and woggabaliri in Australia, Association football in itself does not have a classical history. Notwithstanding any similarities to other games played around the world FIFA have recognised that no historical connection exists with any game played in antiquity outside Europe. The modern rules of football are based on the mid-19th century efforts to standardise the widely varying forms of football played in the public schools of England
4.
Fugloy
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Not to be confused with the Scottish island of Foula. Fugloy is the eastern-most island in the Faroe Islands, the name means bird island, and refers to the large number of birds that nest on the islands cliffs. There are two settlements, Kirkja on the south-coast and Hattarvík on the east-coast, Fugloy is special because of the stone-material consisting of basalt stratum, making the island very steep and inaccessible. The Eystfelli cliffs, which are 448m are located on the east coast, nearby on the 47 metre high sea stack Stapin there is also a lighthouse, a natural arch feature and what looks like the outline of an Egyptian Pharaoh. Fugloy was also a site for the now extinct great auk. On the east side of the island there is a ledge called Gorfuglarókin Garefowl Ledge. Grey seals are regular visitors to the coastlines of Fugloy, mountain hares were introduced by humans, and inhabit the higher altitudes on the island. Fugloy has its own subspecies of house mouse Mus musculus domesticus, in contrast to the other Norðoyar islands, Fugloy is green and fertile all the way up to the mountain tops. Some rare plants are found on the island, e. g. the Fugloy Eyebright Euphrasia foulaensis, the island has been populated since the Viking age. One of the most important stories of the island is that of the Floksmenn and they were a flock of rebels, in the Middle Ages, from Fugloy. The most notorious of the separatists, were Høgni Nev, Rógvi Skel, Hálvdan Úlvsson and these men controlled and ravaged the northern parts of the Faroe Islands for a long time. This is one of the most important separatist myths of the Faroe islands, the smarter Sjúrður við Kellingará was forced to go the more militant way of rebellion by Høgni Nev and Hálvdan Ulvsson who were more criminally minded. All the four men were caught and sentenced to death. Because the harbour of Fugloy is not protected by breakwaters, it has stopped any form of growth since the early 20th century. The islands only income has been agriculture and some fishing, the Faroese parliament has tried to work out plans for the future of the island, such as the island getting electricity in the 1960s. In the 1980s a road from Kirkja to Hattarvík was built, when the population was at its peak at the beginning of the 20th century, there were around 250-300 people living there. Due to a change in lifestyles and norms, island life has become less popular, today, there are only five people living all year around in Hattarvík and some 20 in Kirkja. There are few jobs on the islands, one shop and few jobs on the harbour are all there are
5.
Hov, Faroe Islands
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Hov is a village located on Suduroys east coast, in the Faroe Islands, it is frequently mentioned in the countrys history. Salmon sea farming has been practiced in Hov since the 1980s, north of Hov along the old road to Øravík are interesting basalt columns that march along the hills. The wooden church in Hov was originally built in Vágur on Kirkjukletti in 1862 and it was moved to Hov in 1942. A new church was built in Vágur, it was ready in 1939, after that they could start to take down the old church and move it to Hov, in 2007 the road tunnel Hovstunnilin opened. It connects the villages Hov and Øravík, but it also connects the southern, now it is not necessary to drive over the mountain, which can be difficult in wintertime. Now it takes only 15 minutes to drive from Tvøroyri to Vágur, the tunnel is 2.5 km long. According to the Faroese Sagas and local tradition, the first Viking settler on Suðuroy established a farm in Hov and his grave is at undir Homrum in Hov and is the only chieftain burial site to be found on the Faroes. Hov lies in the middle of the island and the area is flat and this enabled Suðuroys first settlers to follow exactly what was happening on the sea around. The viking Havgrímur who was chief of half of the lived in Hov in the 10th century. His burial plot is located in the hills above the village, west of Hov is a waterfall with the name Foldarafossur. It lies in Hovsá, which runs from Vatnsnes and is the line of demarcation between the villages of Porkeri and Hov. The waterfall is formed at the place where Hovsá runs over the edge at Foldarshamri, and these three place names all have the same origin, and linguists think that the name comes from the soil below these localities. 30 years ago, the electricity company SEV commenced construction work in Hovsdal, so that the hydropower could be converted into electricity, and a dam was built approx. Therefore, the waterfall does not have the power as before, but if it rains a lot, and water flows out over the dam. There is an old building down in the harbour of Hov, which now is a museum, an art gallery, the eastern part of the house is called Fiskastovan. The western part of the house has been a shop until sometime in 1980s, other parts of the house and the area around it has been used for clip fish industry, the fish was dried outside the house on the flat stones. A white flag was raised in order to let people in the village know when there was work for them and that was before the phone was a possibility. The house was in bad shape a few years ago, some interesting items and old books with peoples names and how much they earned etc. are still in the house
6.
Hvalba
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Hvalba is a village and a municipality in the Faroe Islands, which consists of Hvalba, Nes-Hvalba and Sandvík. The village spreads around the bottom of an inlet, Hvalbiarfjørður. Hvalba is one of the villages in the Faroe Islands. The total population of Hvalba Municipality was 723 as of 1 January 2010, the population of Hvalba and Nes was 626, the small village Nes is often called Nes-Hvalba, because there are two other villages with the same name. Nes is located on the arm of the fjord Hvalbiarfjørður. Nes does not have its own postal code, Hvalba has one supermarket, a fast food shop and a few more shops. Some of the work as coalminers, Hvalba is the only place in the Faroes which still has active coalmine industry. There are two harbours and some factories in Hvalba, both harbours are on the northern side of the bay. There is a harbour in Nes and a small harbour in Sandvík. The municipality plans to make a new marina between the two harbors on a place which is called Á Hamranesi, some trawlers belong to the village, they deliver fish for the fish factory. Some people work in other villages i. e. e, IT supporters, carpenters, transport company, dietitian, internet shop etc. Hvalba is located on the east side of the island but the inlet is so deep that the distance to the west coast is quite short, there are two isthmuses in Hvalba, Hvalbiareiði and Norðbergseiði. Two tunnels connect Hvalba to its neighbouring villages, the southbound tunnel leads to Trongisvágur/Tvøroyri, it was made in 1963 and was the first road tunnel ever made in the Faroe Islands. The northbound one leads to Sandvík, the northernmost village, it was made in 1969, on the west coast there is a place of call that makes it possible to go fishing in small boats from both sides of the island. The place has two names, it is called Hvalbiareiði or Fiskieiði, the name Hvalbiareiði refers to the name of the village Hvalba, Fiskieiði refers to the fact that this place used to be a fish harbour. There are still a few houses there, but most of them are ruins. Most of the men of Hvalba are member of the crews of one of the trawlers of the village, many people from Hvalba own their share of these trawlers. There is another Eiði in Hvalba, it is called Norðbergseiði, named after a mountain nearby, Norðbergseiði is the northern one of the two eidi
7.
Porkeri
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Porkeri is a village in the Faroe Islands, situated northeast of Vágur on Suðuroys east coast. As of 2008 it had a population of 362, and it has been inhabited at least as early as the 14th century. Tradition says that once in the old days a dispute of field boundaries between Porkeri and the neighbouring village Hov was sorted out by a walking-race between one man from each village, near the school is a memorial of people who lost their lives at sea. The name of the dead are written with letters on stone plates on the small piles which stand around the large pile in the middle. Joen is the Danish form of the Faroese name Jógvan, in the 19th century and earlier peoples names were written in the Danish form. The second stone has 6 names, the third stone has 5 names. The fourth stone has 6 names, the fifth stone has 6 names (all 6 went drowned in 1910 with North Star. The 6th stone has 5 names The 7th stone has 5 names, the 8th stone has 5 names. The 9th stone has 8 names The 10th stone has 6 names The 11th stone has 5 names The 12th stone has 3 names All together 65 names of men from Porkeri who lost their lives at sea, Porkeri Church is a black and white wooden church with grass roof. The church is from 1847 and contains things donated by seamen who survived lethal storms on the sea, in 1984 a new school was built in the village. It is built in a modern Faroese style and has grass on the roof, the old school in Porkeri was built in 1888. It was used as such for 96 years and it is now owned by Porkeris Bygdasavn. There are many interesting items, which tell the maritime history. There is a street with houses, but with different colors. The street is called Skiparavegur, which means Skippers Street or Captains Street, there is a supermarket where you can find all sorts of food and other things. There is also a hairdresser in Porkeri, in August most of the people in Porkeri are busy with cutting grass for hay, drying it and storing for winter feed for their sheep. Visit the Church and Museum of Porkeri, an interesting little museum with items from daily life in Porkeri, agricultural and maritime history. After Hov you will drive above Porkeri, list of towns in the Faroe Islands Flick photoset Faroeislands. dk, Porkeri Local web-site www. faroe stamps Zacharias Müllers memories Porkeri fyrr og nú
8.
Sandur, Faroe Islands
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Sandur is a village on the south coast of the island of Sandoy in the Faroe Islands. The Sandur hoard, dating to the end of the 11th century, in January 2010 the population stood at 558. The Municipality of Sandur consists of the village of Sandur only, Sandur is an old site of the thing where every year the local Várting was held. Excavations here have unearthed a stave church from the 11th century, in 1988 the modern church suffered a devastating fire in which all of the churchs silver melted. The fire turned out to be arson, in the following year the church was restored, just in time for its 150th anniversary. In 1863 while extending the churchyard a treasure of silver was found consisting of 98 coins from the 11th century, furthermore in 1989 archaeologists discovered a pagan burial ground from the times of Viking occupation. The burial included the skeleton of a woman from the Faroe Islands in a grave 150 cm long. The grave also included three beads of amber, a glass bead, and a knife. In the open-air museum of the Danish national museum close to Copenhagen one can see a water-mill which originally, the local museum Sands Bygdasavn is open in summer. It displays objects of everyday life belonging to the ancestors of the local inhabitants, Sandur can be reached from Tórshavn via the ferry ports Gamlarætt and Skopun. From there along the lake Sandsvatn on Road 30 to Sandur, all villages on the island can be reached by bus from Sandur. They are therefore suitable for day trips, due to the topography of the island walking-tours are suitable for casual strolling and cyclists. Popular trips are to Søltuvík on the west coast, Skarvanes in the south, the small passenger only ferry MV Sildberin departs Sandur for Skúvoy, an island to the south. Particularly interesting is the tour in the Faroese rowboat Hvíthamar from Sandur to the rocks on the west coast or to Skúvoy. Boatbuilder Jóan Petur Clementsen himself is rowing, the campsite á Munkinum is one of the camping sites on Sandoy. The other two camping sites are in Húsavík and Dalur, in addition Sandsvatn and Gróthúsvatn are attractive places for fishing. The Hotel Ísansgarður has been reconstructed, the tourist information in Sandur provides up-to-date information on private accommodation and holiday homes. The Art Museum of Sandur is open from May to October every day except for Monday from 14, in wintertime it is open Sundays from 14, 00-16,00
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Kingdom of Denmark
Faroe Islands
listen) (Northern Faroese [ˈɔiːjɪ]; Danish: Ejde) is a village located on the north-west tip of Eysturoy, Faroe Islands.
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Media related to Eiði at Wikimedia Commons
