1.
Bus Stop (1956 film)
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Monroe does however sing one song, That Old Black Magic by Harold Arlen and Johnny Mercer. Bus Stop was based on two plays by William Inge, People in the Wind and Bus Stop, the inspiration for the play Bus Stop came from people Inge met in Tonganoxie, Kansas. In the 1961–62 season, ABC adapted the play and film into a series of the same name, Bus Stop starring Marilyn Maxwell as the owner of the bus station. In the segment Chérie which most closely follows the film, Tuesday Weld performed the role of Marilyn Monroe, the film was shot in Idaho and Arizona. Virgil has encouraged the 21-year-old virgin, Beau, to take an interest in girls, initially reluctant and frightened of the idea, Beau declares that he hopes to find an angel and will know her when he sees her. Making trouble everywhere they go, he continues his unsophisticated behavior in Graces Diner, in Phoenix, at the Blue Dragon Cafe, he imagines himself in love with the cafés singer, Chérie, a talentless but ambitious performer from the Ozarks with aspirations of becoming a Hollywood star. Her rendition of That Old Black Magic entrances him and he forces her outside, despite the rules against it, kisses her. Chérie is physically attracted to him but resists his plans to take her back to Montana and she has no intention of marrying him and tells him so, but hes too stubborn to listen. Beau intends to marry Chérie at the rodeo, but she runs away and he tracks her down at the Cafe, where she jumps out a rear window and flees. Beau catches her, and forces her on the bus back to Montana, on the way, they stop at Graces Diner, the same place the bus stopped on the way to Phoenix. Chérie tries to make another getaway while Beau is asleep on the bus, but the road ahead is blocked by snow, the bus driver, the waitress and the café owner by now all have learned that Beau is kidnapping and bullying the girl. Virgil and the bus driver fight him until he promises to apologize to Chérie and he, however, is unable to do so because hes humiliated about having been beaten. The next morning, the storm has cleared and everybody is free to go, Beau finally apologizes to Chérie for his abusive behavior and begs her forgiveness. He wishes her well and prepares to depart without her, Chérie approaches him and confesses that shes had many boyfriends and is not the kind of woman he thinks she is. Beau confesses his lack of experience to her, Beau asks to kiss her goodbye and they share their first real kiss. All Chérie wanted from a man was respect, which shed previously told the waitress when they sat together on the bus and he accepts her past and this gesture touches her heart. She tells him go anywhere with him. When Beau tries to him to go with them, Chérie reminds him that he cant force Virgil to do what he wants
2.
Columbus, Ohio
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Columbus is the capital and largest city of the U. S. state of Ohio. It is the 15th-largest city in the United States, with a population of 850,106 as of 2015 estimates and this makes Columbus the fourth-most populous state capital in the United States, and the third-largest city in the Midwestern United States. It is the city of the Columbus, Ohio, Metropolitan Statistical Area. With a population of 2,021,632, it is Ohios third-largest metropolitan area, Columbus is the county seat of Franklin County. The city proper has also expanded and annexed portions of adjoining Delaware County, named for explorer Christopher Columbus, the city was founded in 1812 at the confluence of the Scioto and Olentangy rivers, and assumed the functions of state capital in 1816. As of 2013, the city has the headquarters of five corporations in the U. S, fortune 500, Nationwide Mutual Insurance Company, American Electric Power, L Brands, Big Lots, and Cardinal Health. In 2012, Columbus was ranked in BusinessWeeks 50 best cities in America. In 2013, Forbes gave Columbus an A rating as one of the top cities for business in the U. S. and later that included the city on its list of Best Places for Business. Columbus was also ranked as the No.1 up-and-coming tech city in the nation by Forbes in 2008, and the city was ranked a top-ten city by Relocate America in 2010. In 2007, fDi Magazine ranked the city no.3 in the U. S. for cities of the future, and the Columbus Zoo and Aquarium was rated no.1 in 2009 by USA Travel Guide. The area including modern-day Columbus once comprised the Ohio Country, under the control of the French colonial empire through the Viceroyalty of New France from 1663 until 1763. In the 18th century, European traders flocked to the area, the area found itself frequently caught between warring factions, including American Indian and European interests. In the 1740s, Pennsylvania traders overran the territory until the French forcibly evicted them, in the early 1750s, the Ohio Company sent George Washington to the Ohio Country to survey. Fighting for control of the territory in the French and Indian War became part of the international Seven Years War, during this period, the region routinely suffered turmoil, massacres, and battles. The 1763 Treaty of Paris ceded the Ohio Country to the British Empire, after the American Revolution, the Ohio Country became part of the Virginia Military District, under the control of the United States. Colonists from the East Coast moved in, but rather finding a empty frontier, they encountered people of the Miami, Delaware, Wyandot, Shawnee. The tribes resisted expansion by the fledgling United States, leading to years of bitter conflict, the decisive Battle of Fallen Timbers resulted in the Treaty of Greenville, which finally opened the way for new settlements. By 1797, a surveyor from Virginia named Lucas Sullivant had founded a permanent settlement on the west bank of the forks of the Scioto River
3.
Norwalk, Connecticut
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Norwalk, is a city in Fairfield County, Connecticut, United States, located in the New York metropolitan area. As of 2015, the population for Norwalk was 88,485. Norwalk, settled 1649, incorporated Sept.1651, Norwaukee shall bee a townee Algonkin noyank, point of land, or more probably from the Indian name, the city boundaries originally included parts of the current municipalities of New Canaan, Wilton, and Westport. Ancient records describe the boundaries as from Norwalk river to Sauhatuck river, from sea, thus a disputing source, and common tradition, describes Norwalks name deriving from the northern boundary extending from the sea covering one days north walk into the countryside. An additional source found this analysis to be improbable, given that the name Norwalk was used by natives, additionally a nearby river was known as the Norwake River when the area was first colonized. Roger Ludlows 1640 land purchase was from the Indians of Norwalke, the earliest town records list the city name as Norwalke The Connecticut Register, published in 1847, describes that the early Colony Records spelled it Norrwake. Around the same time, the elderly used the ancient pronunciation Norruck, Norwalk has a nickname, Oyster Town, due to its prominent oyster fisheries providing a large source of income to the city since the early 19th century. Norwalk Harbors islands and proximity to New York City make it profitable for oyster harvesting, discarded oyster shells along the Connecticut coast help prove the importance oysters had to pre-Columbian inhabitants of the area as well. In 2002 Norwalk was the location of the murder trial of Michael Skakel. After a four-week trial, Skakel was convicted on June 7 for the 1975 murder of Martha Moxley, the Methodist congregation had been formed in 1789 during the visit by Jesse Lee, but is survived by three other Methodist churches in the city. According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has an area of 36.3 square miles. Norwalk, Connecticut, gets 45 inches of rain per year, the average US city gets 25 inches of snow per year. The number of days with any measurable precipitation is 100, on average, there are 179 sunny days per year in Norwalk, Connecticut. The July high is around 83 degrees, Norwalks topography is dominated by its coastline along Long Island Sound, the Norwalk River and its eastern and western banks, and the Norwalk Islands. The highest elevation is 282 feet above sea level, at the summit of Middle Clapboard Hill in West Norwalk, as of the census of 2010, there were 85,603 people,35,415 households, and 21,630 families residing in the city. The population density was 2,358.2 inhabitants per square mile, there were 35,415 housing units at an average density of 975.6 per square mile. The racial makeup of the city was 68. 7% White,14. 2% African American,0. 4% Native American,4. 8% Asian,0. 1% Pacific Islander,9. 0% from other races, and 2. 8% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 24. 3% of the population,33. 0% of all households were made up of individuals and 8. 5% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older
4.
William Inge
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William Motter Inge was an American playwright and novelist, whose works typically feature solitary protagonists encumbered with strained sexual relations. In the early 1950s, he had a string of memorable Broadway productions, including Picnic, with his portraits of small-town life and settings rooted in the American heartland, Inge became known as the Playwright of the Midwest. Inge was born in Independence, Kansas, the child of Maude Sarah Gibson-Inge. Inge attended Independence Community College and graduated from the University of Kansas in 1935 with a Bachelor of Arts degree in Speech, while at the University of Kansas, Inge was a member of the Nu Chapter of Sigma Nu. Offered a scholarship to work on a Master of Arts degree, he moved to Nashville, Tennessee, to attend the George Peabody College for Teachers, Back in Kansas, he worked as a laborer on the state highway and a Wichita news announcer. From 1937 to 1938 he taught English and drama at Cherokee County Community High School in Columbus, after returning and completing his Masters at Peabody in 1938, he taught at Stephens College, in Columbia, Missouri, from 1938 to 1943. Inge began as a critic at the St. Louis Star-Times in 1943. With Tennessee Williamss encouragement, Inge wrote his first play, Farther Off from Heaven, while a teacher at Washington University in St. Louis in 1946–1949, he wrote Come Back, Little Sheba. It ran on Broadway for 190 performances in 1950, winning Tony Awards for Shirley Booth and it was while teaching at Washington University that Inges struggles with alcoholism became more acute and, in 1947, he joined Alcoholics Anonymous. If it does make it to Broadway, I dont know when Ill be back, Inge never had to return to St. Louis. In 1953, Inge received a Pulitzer Prize for Picnic, a based on women he had known as a small child, When I was a boy in Kansas. There were three school teachers living in the house. I was four years old, and they were nice to me, I saw their attempts, and, even as a child, I sensed every woman’s failure. I began to sense the sorrow and the emptiness in their lives, Picnic had a successful Broadway run from February 19,1953, to April 10,1954. A film adaptation made in 1955 was directed by Joshua Logan, in 1953 Inges play Glory in the Flower was telecast on Omnibus with a cast of Hume Cronyn, Jessica Tandy, and James Dean. In 1955 his play Bus Stop premiered and its inspiration came from people he met in Tonganoxie, Kansas. Nominated for four Tony Awards including Best Play, it was made into a 1956 film starring Marilyn Monroe, a major regional revival of Bus Stop was held at the Huntington Theatre in Boston in September and October 2010. In 1957 he wrote The Dark at the Top of the Stairs, the play was nominated for five Tony Awards including Best Play, and was adapted as a film in 1960
5.
Picnic (play)
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Picnic is a 1953 play by William Inge. The play was premiered at the Music Box Theatre, Broadway, on 19 February 1953 in a Theatre Guild production, directed by Joshua Logan, the original cast featured Ralph Meeker, Eileen Heckart, Arthur OConnell, Janice Rule, Reta Shaw, Kim Stanley and Paul Newman. Inge won the 1953 Pulitzer Prize for Drama for the work, the play also won the New York Drama Critics Circle Award for Best Play of the season. Picnic was Paul Newmans Broadway debut, as a result, Ralph Meeker was given the role of Hal opposite Janice Rule as Madge. Newman played Hals former college roommate Alan Seymour while understudying the role of Hal, Newman eventually took over the lead role. It is Labor Day, and everyone is preparing for a neighborhood picnic, Hal Carter, a drifter, arrives in town looking for work and visits his college friend Alan, who is dating Madge Owens with the intent to marry her. Hal does odd jobs for the welcoming Helen Potts and her neighbor, Flo Owens, distrusts Hal, especially around her daughters, Madge and Millie. Since shy Millie does not have a date, neighbor Mrs. Potts suggests that Hal accompany her, Hal agrees, but he is much more interested in Madge. There is an attraction between the two, as much as they try to fight it. While getting ready for the picnic, the family and friends dance in Flo’s backyard to music playing nearby, Hal grows on both Millie and Madge, and they both vie for his attention. As Madge and Hal dance passionately, Millie gets sick from drinking too much whiskey while no one is paying attention, Hal accidentally offends Rosemary, the schoolteacher, who then screams at him, and Flo joins in criticizing him. Hal sits in the shadows by himself while everyone leaves for the picnic, Rosemary and her boyfriend Howard decide to skip the picnic and go for a drive. Madge stays behind to change her dress, when she comes back outside and tries to console Hal, they kiss after a deep and revealing conversation. They run off together and spend the night in the car, Howard brings Rosemary back to the house. As he leaves, Rosemary begs him to marry her, when Madge and Hal return, Madge is ashamed of what they did. Hal asks for one more kiss, and their “passion is revived”, in the morning, Flo is frantic because she sees Madge crying hysterically. Rosemary leaves with Howard to get married, and everyone goes to the street to see her off, when Madge is left alone in the backyard, Hal shows up to talk to her. He has spent the night in hiding after Alan falsely reported to the police that Hal stole his car in order to him out of town for stealing Madge
6.
Broadway theatre
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Along with Londons West End theatres, Broadway theatres are widely considered to represent the highest level of commercial theatre in the English-speaking world. The Theater District is a popular tourist attraction in New York City, the great majority of Broadway shows are musicals. They presented Shakespeare plays and ballad operas such as The Beggars Opera, in 1752, William Hallam sent a company of twelve actors from Britain to the colonies with his brother Lewis as their manager. They established a theatre in Williamsburg, Virginia and opened with The Merchant of Venice, the company moved to New York in the summer of 1753, performing ballad operas and ballad-farces like Damon and Phillida. The Revolutionary War suspended theatre in New York, but thereafter theatre resumed in 1798, the Bowery Theatre opened in 1826, followed by others. Blackface minstrel shows, a distinctly American form of entertainment, became popular in the 1830s, by the 1840s, P. T. Barnum was operating an entertainment complex in lower Manhattan. In 1829, at Broadway and Prince Street, Niblos Garden opened, the 3, 000-seat theatre presented all sorts of musical and non-musical entertainments. In 1844, Palmos Opera House opened and presented opera for four seasons before bankruptcy led to its rebranding as a venue for plays under the name Burtons Theatre. The Astor Opera House opened in 1847, booth played the role for a famous 100 consecutive performances at the Winter Garden Theatre in 1865, and would later revive the role at his own Booths Theatre. Other renowned Shakespeareans who appeared in New York in this era were Henry Irving, Tommaso Salvini, Fanny Davenport, lydia Thompson came to America in 1868 heading a small theatrical troupe, adapting popular English burlesques for middle-class New York audiences. Thompsons troupe called the British Blondes, was the most popular entertainment in New York during the 1868–1869 theatrical season, the six-month tour ran for almost six extremely profitable years. Theatre in New York moved from downtown gradually to midtown beginning around 1850, in 1870, the heart of Broadway was in Union Square, and by the end of the century, many theatres were near Madison Square. Broadways first long-run musical was a 50-performance hit called The Elves in 1857, New York runs continued to lag far behind those in London, but Laura Keenes musical burletta The Seven Sisters shattered previous New York records with a run of 253 performances. It was at a performance by Keenes troupe of Our American Cousin in Washington, the production was a staggering five-and-a-half hours long, but despite its length, it ran for a record-breaking 474 performances. The same year, The Black Domino/Between You, Me and the Post was the first show to call itself a musical comedy, Tony Pastor opened the first vaudeville theatre one block east of Union Square in 1881, where Lillian Russell performed. Comedians Edward Harrigan and Tony Hart produced and starred in musicals on Broadway between 1878 and 1890, with book and lyrics by Harrigan and music by his father-in-law David Braham. They starred high quality singers, instead of the women of repute who had starred in earlier musical forms. Plays could run longer and still draw in the audiences, leading to better profits, as in England, during the latter half of the century, the theatre began to be cleaned up, with less prostitution hindering the attendance of the theatre by women
7.
Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress
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The Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress is an award presented annually by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. It is given in honor of an actress who has delivered a performance in a supporting role while working within the film industry. At the 9th Academy Awards ceremony held in 1937, Gale Sondergaard was the first winner of award for her role in Anthony Adverse. Initially, winners in both supporting acting categories were awarded instead of statuettes. Beginning with the 16th ceremony held in 1944, however, winners received full-sized statuettes, currently, nominees are determined by single transferable vote within the actors branch of AMPAS, winners are selected by a plurality vote from the entire eligible voting members of the Academy. Since its inception, the award has given to 78 actresses. Dianne Wiest and Shelley Winters have received the most awards in this category with two awards each, despite winning no awards, Thelma Ritter was nominated on six occasions, more than any other actress. As of the 2017 ceremony, Viola Davis is the most recent winner in category for her role as Rose Maxson in Fences. In the following table, the years are listed as per Academy convention, and generally correspond to the year of release in Los Angeles County. Toronto, Ontario, Canada, University of Toronto Press, inside Oscar, The Unofficial History of the Academy Awards. New York, United States, Ballantine Books, oscars. org Oscar. com The Academy Awards Database
8.
Butterflies Are Free
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Butterflies Are Free is a 1972 American comedy-drama film based on the play by Leonard Gershe. The 1972 film was produced by M. J. Frankovich, released by Columbia Pictures, directed by Milton Katselas and it was released on 6 July 1972 in the USA. Goldie Hawn and Edward Albert starred, Eileen Heckart received an Academy Award for her performance. While the original play was set in Manhattan, New York, in the San Francisco of the 1970s, Don Baker, who was born blind, has lived all his life with his mother. Don moves out into an apartment on his own, but Don finds himself all alone and he has made a contract that his mother will not come to see him for at least two months. This is when Jill Tanner moves into an apartment next door to Don and she listens to Don talking to his mother over the phone and turns on the radio. When Don asks her to turn the volume down, she invites herself over for a cup of coffee and they start talking and find each other friendly. Jill does not realize that Don is blind until she sees him dropping his cigarette ash on the table, Jill has never met a blind man before, so she asks all sorts of questions about how Don manages everyday chores. She tells Don that her favorite quote is, I only ask to be free, mankind will surely not deny to Harold Skimpole what it concedes to the butterflies. Don makes up a song and starts to sing Butterflies are free on his guitar, surprising Don with a visit, Mrs. Baker sees that Don has attached himself to Jill. She fears that Jill will break Dons heart and she takes Jill out for a lunch and tries to talk her out of Dons life. Jill has strong feelings for Don and tells Mrs. Baker that if there is someone who should get out of Dons life, it is she. The review further praises the acting of Goldie Hawn, saying, Hawn, funny and touching, is a delight throughout and Heckart gets a film role that enables her to display versatility. Time magazine pointed out the talent of Goldie Hawn, saying, Goldie Hawn, as the next door, has come a long way from her giddy role in Laugh-In. Best Supporting Actress – Eileen Heckart –1972 Academy Awards Most Promising Newcomer – Male – Edward Albert –1973 Golden Globe Awards Best Sound – Arthur Piantadosi, knight –1972 Academy Awards Best Cinematography – Charles B
9.
Rocky Graziano
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Thomas Rocco Barbella, better known as Rocky Graziano, was an American professional boxer who held the World Middleweight title. Graziano is considered one of the greatest knockout artists in boxing history and he was ranked 23rd on The Ring magazine list of the greatest punchers of all time. Rocky Graziano fought many of the best middleweights of the era including Sugar Ray Robinson and his turbulent and violent life story was the basis of the 1956 Oscar-winning drama film, Somebody Up There Likes Me, based on his 1955 autobiography of the same title. Rocky Graziano was the son of Ida Scinto and Nicola Barbella, Barbella, nicknamed Fighting Nick Bob, was a boxer with a brief fighting record. Born in Brooklyn, Graziano later moved to an Italian enclave centered on East 10th Street, Graziano grew up as a street fighter and learned to look after himself before he could read or write. He spent years in school, jail, and Catholic protectories. His father, who got occasional work as a longshoreman, kept boxing gloves around the house and encouraged Graziano, when Graziano was as young as three years of age, his father would make him and his brother Joe fight almost every night in boxing gloves. At age 18 he won the Metropolitan A. A. U. welterweight championship, despite the fame and money that professional fighting seemed to offer, he didnt want to become a serious prize fighter. He didnt like the discipline of training any more than he liked the discipline of school or the Army, Graziano heard from a couple of his friends about a tournament going on with a gold medal for the winner. Rocky entered under the name of Joe Giuliani, trainer Tobias Zaccaria, Kings county Brooklyn NY, He fought four matches and ended up winning the New York Metropolitan Amateur Athletic Union Boxing competition. He sold the medal for $15 and decided that boxing was a good way to make cash. A couple of weeks into amateur fighting, he was picked up for stealing from a school. He went to Coxsackie Correctional Facility, where he spent three weeks, with boyhood friend Jake LaMotta, and then he went on to the New York City Reformatory where he spent five months. After Rocky got out of the Reformatory, he headed back to the gym to make money, where he met Eddie Cocco and he entered the ring under the name Robert Barber. A couple of weeks later Rocky was charged with a violation and sent back to reform school. When he got out of jail he enlisted in the military and he escaped from Fort Dix in New Jersey and started his real boxing career under the name of Rocky Graziano. He won his first couple of bouts, after gaining popularity under the name of Graziano, he was found by the military. After Grazianos fourth bout, he was called into office to speak with a couple of military personnel
10.
Somebody Up There Likes Me (1956 film)
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Somebody Up There Likes Me is a 1956 American drama film based on the life of middleweight boxing legend Rocky Graziano. Joseph Ruttenberg was awarded a 1956 Oscar in the category of Best Cinematography, the film also won the Oscar for Best Art Direction. It was directed by Robert Wise, Rocky Graziano has a difficult childhood and is beaten by his father. He joins a gang, and undergoes a long history of criminal activities. He is sent to prison, where he is rebellious to all authority figures, after his release, he is drafted by the U. S. Army, but runs away. Needing money, he becomes a boxer, and finds that he has talent and wins six fights in a row before the Army finds him. He serves a year in a United States Disciplinary Barracks, while working his way to the title, he is introduced to his sisters friend Norma, whom he falls in love with and later marries. Starting a new, clean life, he rises to the top, a person he knew in prison finds him and blackmails him into throwing a fight. Rocky fakes an injury and avoids the fight altogether, when he is interrogated by the district attorney, he refuses to name the blackmailer and has his license suspended. His manager gets him a fight in Chicago to fight Zale the middleweight champion, the film was also notable for being one of Paul Newmans first starring roles and for being one of the first films in which Steve McQueen appeared. It also marked the debuts of Frank Campanella, Robert Loggia, Angela Cartwright. Perry Comos version of the song, Somebody Up There Likes Me, is played over the opening and closing credits. According to MGM records, the film earned $1,915,000 in the US and Canada and $1,445,000 elsewhere, the film is recognized by American Film Institute in these lists,2006, AFIs 100 Years
