The 2017 Elimination Chamber was the seventh Elimination Chamber professional wrestling pay-per-view (PPV) and livestreaming event produced by WWE. It was held exclusively for wrestlers from the promotion's SmackDown brand division. The event took place on February 12, 2017, at the Talking Stick Resort Arena in Phoenix, Arizona. It was the first Elimination Chamber event to be held since 2015 and was WWE's first pay-per-view to feature three women's matches on the main card. The event also saw the debut of a new Elimination Chamber structure that is the one now currently used in WWE.

SmackDown is a brand of the American professional wrestling promotion WWE that was established on March 25, 2002. Brands are divisions of WWE's roster where wrestlers are assigned to perform on a weekly basis when a brand extension is in effect. Wrestlers assigned to SmackDown primarily appear on the brand's weekly television program, Friday Night SmackDown, also referred to simply as SmackDown. It is one of WWE's two main brands, along with Raw, collectively referred to as WWE's main roster. The brand extension was discontinued between August 2011 and July 2016.