Emergency sanitation
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Emergency sanitation is the management and technical processes required to provide sanitation in emergency situations. Emergency sanitation is required during humanitarian relief operations for refuge
Emergency toilet in Haiti, suitable for areas where digging pit latrines is not possible
Open defecation along the river bank in Burundi
Emergency pit latrines with bathing shelters built in the Bidi Bidi Refugee Settlement in northern Uganda
Historical Museum of Waterworks and Sewerage. Chikusa-ku, Nagoya city, Aichi Prefecture, Japan.
Container-based sanitation
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Container-based sanitation is the collection of human excreta in sealable, removable containers that are transported to waste treatment facilities. This type of sanitation involves a commercial servic
Emergency sanitation
…the immediate phase, the focus is on managing open defecation, and toilet technologies might include very basic latrines, pit latrines, bucket toilets, container-based toilets, chemical toilets. The short term phase might also involve technologies such as urine-diverting dry toilets, septic tanks, decentralized wastewater…
Example of a toilet used in a container-based sanitation system (urine-diverting dry toilet as marketed by the NGO SOIL in Haiti under the name of "EkoLakay")
Example of a container-based toilet – "EkoLakay" by SOIL
Schematic showing how container-based sanitation can achieve hygienic and productive recycling of feces