1.
Emeryville, California
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Emeryville is a small city located in northwest Alameda County, California, in the United States. It is located in a corridor between the cities of Berkeley and Oakland, extending to the shore of San Francisco Bay and its proximity to San Francisco, the Bay Bridge, the University of California, Berkeley, and Silicon Valley has been a catalyst for recent economic growth. It is home to Pixar Animation Studios, Peets Coffee & Tea, Jamba Juice, The Center for Investigative Reporting, before the colonization of the area by Spain in 1776, this area was the site of extensive Ohlone Native American settlements. During the Spanish and Mexican eras, Emeryville was the site of a wharf near the mouth of Temescal Creek adjacent to the shellmound. The cattle processed here were raised in nearby ranches and farms, the odors emanating from this district were notorious and often mentioned in local newspapers of the 19th and early 20th century. Emeryvilles first post office opened in 1884, the Town of Emeryville was incorporated December 2,1896. It was named after Joseph Stickney Emery, who came during the Gold Rush, in 1884, Emery was president of a narrow-gauge railroad called the California and Nevada Railroad. The railroad was intended to extend from Oakland, through Emerys and then east across the Sierra Nevada to the gold mining town of Bodie. From Bodie the railroad would extend east through Nevada to a connection with the Denver & Rio Grande Railroad, despite its grandiose intentions, the railroad was built only from Oakland to Orinda, and its right-of-way was sold to the Santa Fe Railway. The Santa Fe then constructed a yard and passenger depot below San Pablo between 41st Street and Yerba Buena Avenue. Although located in Emeryville, the depot, which opened in 1902, was called Oakland, the Key System established its main rail yard adjacent to the yard of the Santa Fe in a large tract west of San Pablo Avenue in the vicinity of Yerba Buena Avenue. The Key Systems main power plant, used to energize its streetcars, the immense smokestack was a local landmark for decades, surviving right through the Loma Prieta earthquake of 1989. It was demolished for safety reasons shortly thereafter, the old Key System mainline to the pier, and later, to the Bay Bridge, ran in a subway below Beach Street and the Southern Pacific mainline near the power plant. That subway survives and is used as a private entrance to the main sewage treatment plant of East Bay Municipal Utility District. In the late 19th century, a park was built around the shellmound. The park included two dance pavilions, one of which stood atop the shellmound, a trotting park was built nearby at the junction of the Berkeley Branch line with the mainline of the Southern Pacific. On February 22,1920 the first dog race track to employ an imitation rabbit opened in Emeryville, during the Depression, Emeryville was jammed with speakeasies, racetracks and brothels and became known as a somewhat lawless center for entertainment. The popular local restaurant The Townhouse is one such trace, a location that once was a speakeasy during Prohibition, today, this tradition is carried on to a degree by the Oaks Room Card Club, a legal gambling establishment on San Pablo Avenue
2.
Geographic coordinate system
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A geographic coordinate system is a coordinate system used in geography that enables every location on Earth to be specified by a set of numbers, letters or symbols. The coordinates are chosen such that one of the numbers represents a vertical position. A common choice of coordinates is latitude, longitude and elevation, to specify a location on a two-dimensional map requires a map projection. The invention of a coordinate system is generally credited to Eratosthenes of Cyrene. Ptolemy credited him with the adoption of longitude and latitude. Ptolemys 2nd-century Geography used the prime meridian but measured latitude from the equator instead. Mathematical cartography resumed in Europe following Maximus Planudes recovery of Ptolemys text a little before 1300, in 1884, the United States hosted the International Meridian Conference, attended by representatives from twenty-five nations. Twenty-two of them agreed to adopt the longitude of the Royal Observatory in Greenwich, the Dominican Republic voted against the motion, while France and Brazil abstained. France adopted Greenwich Mean Time in place of local determinations by the Paris Observatory in 1911, the latitude of a point on Earths surface is the angle between the equatorial plane and the straight line that passes through that point and through the center of the Earth. Lines joining points of the same latitude trace circles on the surface of Earth called parallels, as they are parallel to the equator, the north pole is 90° N, the south pole is 90° S. The 0° parallel of latitude is designated the equator, the plane of all geographic coordinate systems. The equator divides the globe into Northern and Southern Hemispheres, the longitude of a point on Earths surface is the angle east or west of a reference meridian to another meridian that passes through that point. All meridians are halves of great ellipses, which converge at the north and south poles, the prime meridian determines the proper Eastern and Western Hemispheres, although maps often divide these hemispheres further west in order to keep the Old World on a single side. The antipodal meridian of Greenwich is both 180°W and 180°E, the combination of these two components specifies the position of any location on the surface of Earth, without consideration of altitude or depth. The grid formed by lines of latitude and longitude is known as a graticule, the origin/zero point of this system is located in the Gulf of Guinea about 625 km south of Tema, Ghana. To completely specify a location of a feature on, in, or above Earth. Earth is not a sphere, but a shape approximating a biaxial ellipsoid. It is nearly spherical, but has an equatorial bulge making the radius at the equator about 0. 3% larger than the radius measured through the poles, the shorter axis approximately coincides with the axis of rotation
3.
Union Pacific Railroad
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The Union Pacific Railroad is a freight hauling railroad that operates 8,500 locomotives over 32,100 route-miles in 23 states west of Chicago, Illinois and New Orleans, Louisiana. The Union Pacific Railroad network is the largest in the United States and it is also one of the worlds largest transportation companies. Union Pacific Railroad is the operating company of Union Pacific Corporation. Union Pacific Corporations main competitor is the BNSF Railway, the second largest freight railroad. Together, the two railroads have a duopoly on all freight rail lines in the U. S. The original company was incorporated on July 1,1862, under an act of Congress entitled Pacific Railroad Act of 1862. The act was approved by President Abraham Lincoln, and it provided for the construction of railroads from the Missouri River to the Pacific as a war measure for the preservation of the Union. It was constructed westward from Council Bluffs, Iowa to meet the Central Pacific Railroad line, the line was constructed primarily by Irish labor who had learned their craft during the recent Civil War. The two lines were joined together at Promontory Summit, Utah,53 miles west of Ogden on May 10,1869, hence creating the first transcontinental railroad in North America. Under the guidance of its dominant stockholder Dr. Thomas Clark Durant, the namesake of the city of Durant, Iowa, the first rails were laid in Omaha. It built or purchased local lines that gave it access to Denver, Colorado, to Portland, Oregon and it also owned narrow gauge trackage into the heart of the Colorado Rockies and a standard gauge line south from Denver across New Mexico into Texas. UP was entangled in the Crédit Mobilier scandal, exposed in 1872 and its independent construction company the Crédit Mobilier had bribed congressmen. The UP itself was not guilty but it did get bad publicity, the financial crisis of 1873 led to financial troubles but not bankruptcy. The company was reorganized as the Union Pacific Railway on January 24,1880, the new company declared bankruptcy during the Panic of 1893. When it emerged in 1897 it reverted to the original name, the corporate headquarters of the Union Pacific Corporation were located in New York City from its initial founding in the 1860s until Drew Lewis became CEO in the mid-1980s. He relocated it to Bethlehem, Pennsylvania, later the headquarters was shifted to Dallas, Texas, before relocating to Omaha to join the operating headquarters. From the ICC annual reports, except 1979 is from Moodys, on December 31,1925 UP-OSL-OWRN-LA&SL-StJ&GI operated 9,834 route-miles and 15,265 track-miles. At the end of 1980, Union Pacific operated 9,266 route-miles and 15,647 miles of track, Moodys shows 220,697 million revenue ton-miles in 1993 on the expanded system
4.
Side platform
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A side platform is a platform positioned to the side of a pair of tracks at a railway station, tram stop, or transitway. Dual side platform stations, one for direction of travel, is the basic station design used for double-track railway lines. Side platforms may result in a wider overall footprint for the station compared with a platform where a single width of platform can be shared by riders using either track. In some stations, the two platforms are connected by a footbridge running above and over the tracks. While a pair of platforms is often provided on a dual-track line. Where the station is close to a crossing the platforms may either be on the same side of the crossing road or alternatively may be staggered in one of two ways. With the near-side platforms configuration, each platform appears before the intersection, in some situations a single side platform can be served by multiple vehicles simultaneously with a scissors crossing provided to allow access mid-way along its length. Normally, the facilities of the station are located on the Up platform with the other platform accessed from a footbridge. However, in cases the stations main buildings are located on whichever side faces the town or village the station serves. Larger stations may have two platforms with several island platforms in between. Some are in a Spanish solution format, with two platforms and an island platform in between, serving two tracks
5.
Island platform
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An island platform is a station layout arrangement where a single platform is positioned between two tracks within a railway station, tram stop or transitway interchange. Island platforms are popular on twin-track routes due to pragmatic and cost-effective reasons, an alternative arrangement is to position side platforms on either side of the tracks. The historical use of island platforms depends greatly upon the location, the island platform layout is a popular, cost-effective and practical solution in modern railway systems. Island platforms allow facilities such as escalators, elevators, shops, toilets and this is essential for wheelchair accessible stations. An island platform makes it easier for users and the infirm to change services between tracks. Additionally, an island platform layout eliminates the need to construct a crossover or subway between two platforms, however, island platforms may become overcrowded, especially at busy stations, and this can lead to safety issues such as Clapham Common and Angel on the London Underground. However, for the tracks to diverge around the platform, extra width is required along the right-of-way on each approach to the station. Track centers vary for rail systems throughout the world but are normally 3 to 5 meters, if the island platform is 6 meters wide, the tracks have to slew out by the same distance. While this is not a problem on a new line that is being constructed, in addition, a single island platform makes it quite difficult to have through tracks, which are usually between the local tracks. A common configuration in busy locations on high speed lines is a pair of island platforms, high-speed trains can therefore pass straight through the station, while slow trains pass around the platforms. This arrangement also allows the station to serve as a point where trains can be passed by faster trains. The purpose of this design was to reduce unnecessary passenger congestion at a station with a high volume of passengers. Many of the stations on the Great Central Railway were constructed in this form and this was because the line was planned to connect to a Channel Tunnel. Island platforms are a normal sight on Indian railway stations. Almost all railway stations in India consist of island platforms, in Toronto,29 subway stations use island platforms. A slight disadvantage is that crossovers have to be rather long, in southern New Jersey and Philadelphia, PATCO uses island platforms in all of its 13 stations, to facilitate one-person train operation. Most elevated stations in Singapores Mass Rapid Transit system use island platforms, the exception is Dover MRT Station, which uses side platforms as it is built on an existing rail line. The planned Canberra MRT Station will also use side platforms, as it also be built on an existing rail line
6.
AC Transit
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AC Transit is an Oakland-based public transit agency serving the western portions of Alameda and Contra Costa counties in the East Bay of the San Francisco Bay Area. AC Transit also operates Transbay routes across San Francisco Bay to San Francisco and selected areas in San Mateo, AC Transit is constituted as a special district under California law. It is governed by seven elected members and it is not a part of or under the control of Alameda or Contra Costa counties or any local jurisdictions. Buses operate out of three operating divisions, Emeryville, East Oakland, and Hayward, the Operations Control Center is located in Emeryville. The Richmond operating division closed in 2011, the District is the public successor to the privately owned Key System. The Districts bus lines also serve parts of some other East Bay communities, including Milpitas, Pinole, most routes connect with regional train service, primarily BART, in addition to ACE and Amtrak, including the Capitol Corridor. While most AC Transit service consists of lines throughout the East Bay. Most of these run across the San Francisco–Oakland Bay Bridge to connect communities as distant as El Sobrante, Bus service is also provided across the San Mateo and Dumbarton bridges to the south. AC Transits primary hubs include BART stations, major shopping centers, and points of interest, most routes serve and/or terminate at BART stations, providing convenience for transit users. The hubs include, See also AC Transits page on fares and passes or AC Transits page on bus fares, on July 1,2014, AC Transit introduced a Day Pass, designed for customers taking more than two local buses in a day. The pass is good for unlimited rides on local routes from 3,01 a. m. to 3,00 a. m. Customers can obtain a Day Pass in one of two ways, Using Clipper, Customers keep cash value on their card. Once fares equalling the Day Pass price have been deducted, the Day Pass automatically activates, on subsequent rides, the card is tagged but no additional fare is deducted. On-Board, Customers deposit the amount in the farebox and request a Day Pass from the bus operator. On subsequent rides, the pass is swiped at the farebox, AC Transit fares are structured to promote the use of Clipper. Not only are local bus rides cheaper, but certain interagency transfers and day passes are easier to obtain, monthly passes are only available on Clipper. Local BART-to-bus transfer, $0.25 cash discount to and from BART with paper transfer issued at BART, applied as $0.50 Clipper discount on bus trip away from BART only. To transfer from AC Transit to another bus agency without Clipper, to transfer from another bus agency to AC Transit without Clipper, ask the other bus driver for a transfer. Notes, All fares are in USD,1 Issued upon request when full price is paid
7.
Emery Go-Round
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Emery Go-Round is a fare-free public bus system in Emeryville, California. It also provides service to portions of the adjacent cities of Oakland. Service is funded primarily by property owners through a citywide transportation business improvement district. Emery Go-Round operates four fixed routes, service operates daily, except selected holidays, with reduced service levels on weekends and selected additional holidays. All routes begin and end at MacArthur BART Station in Oakland
8.
Amtrak
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Founded in 1971 to take over most of the remaining U. S. passenger rail services, it is partially government funded yet operated and managed as a for-profit corporation. Amtrak serves more than 500 destinations in 46 states and three Canadian provinces, operating more than 300 trains each day over 21,300 miles of track, some track sections allow trains to run as fast as 150 mph. In fiscal year 2015, Amtrak served 30.8 million passengers and had $2.185 billion in revenue, nearly two-thirds of passengers come from the 10 largest metropolitan areas, 83% of passengers travel on routes shorter than 400 miles. Its headquarters is at Union Station in Washington, D. C, the name Amtrak is a portmanteau of the words America and trak, the latter itself a sensational spelling of track. From the mid-19th century until about 1920, nearly all intercity travelers in the United States moved by rail, historically, U. S. passenger trains were owned and operated by the same privately owned companies that operated freight trains. About 65,000 railroad passenger cars operated in 1929, from 1920 into the later 20th century, passenger rails popularity diminished and there was a series of pullbacks and tentative recoveries. Rail passenger revenues declined dramatically between 1920 and 1934 because of the rise of the automobile, in the same period, many travelers were lost to interstate bus companies such as Greyhound Lines. However, in the mid-1930s, railroads reignited popular imagination with service improvements and new, diesel-powered streamliners, such as the gleaming silver Pioneer Zephyr and Flying Yankee. Even with the improvements, on a basis, traffic continued to decline. World War II broke the malaise, passenger traffic soared sixfold thanks to troop movements, in 1946, there remained 45 percent fewer passenger trains than in 1929, and the decline quickened despite railroad optimism. Passengers disappeared and so did trains, few trains generated profits, most produced losses. Broad-based passenger rail deficits appeared as early as 1948, and by the mid-1950s, by 1965, only 10,000 rail passenger cars were in operation,85 percent fewer than in 1929. Passenger service was provided on only 75,000 miles of track, the 1960s also saw the end of railway post office revenues, which had helped some of the remaining trains break even. The causes of the decline of rail in the United States were complex. Until 1920, rail was the practical form of intercity transport. By 1930, the companies had constructed, with private funding. In 1916, the amount of track in the United States peaked at 254,251 miles, some rail routes had been built primarily to facilitate the sale of stock in the railroad companies, they were redundant from the beginning. These were the first to be abandoned as the financial positions deteriorated
9.
California Zephyr
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The California Zephyr is a passenger train operated by Amtrak between Chicago, Illinois, and Emeryville, California, via Illinois, Iowa, Nebraska, Colorado, Utah, Nevada, and California. At 2,438 miles it is Amtraks longest route after the Texas Eagle, Amtrak claims the route as one of its most scenic, with views of the upper Colorado River valley in the Rocky Mountains, and the Sierra Nevada. It was scheduled to pass through the most spectacular scenery on its route in the daylight. Since 1983 the California Zephyr name has applied to the Amtrak service, which operates daily and is a hybrid of the route of the original Zephyr and its former rival. During fiscal year 2012, the California Zephyr carried more than 376,000 passengers, the train had a total revenue of $47,605,728 in 2012, a 6. 4% increase on 2011. Cars owned by different railroads ran together, cars cycled in and out for service, repairs, and varying passenger loads with the seasons. The first train was named in San Francisco by Eleanor Parker while California Lieutenant Governor Goodwin Knight, mayor of San Francisco Elmer Robinson, for the inaugural run in 1949, every woman on the train was given silver and orange orchids flown from Hilo, Hawaii. The car hostesses were known as Zephyrettes, in summer 1954 the schedule for 2,532 miles Chicago to San Francisco was 50hr 50min. An eastbound California Zephyr through Ruby Canyon saw the trains first birth on March 1,1955, the California Zephyr was not immune to falling passenger travel in the 1960s, moreover, it began to lose money even when sold out. The Western Pacific applied to discontinue its portion in 1966 but the Interstate Commerce Commission refused after public outcry. The D&RGW made the same request in 1969 and in 1970 the ICC permitted Western Pacific to end its portion, provided the D&RGW, the last westbound California Zephyr to the west coast left Chicago on March 22,1970 and arrived in Oakland two days later. The California Zephyr had operated for 21 years and 2 days, east of Salt Lake City the train was reduced to a tri-weekly schedule, operating as California Service on the Burlington and as the Rio Grande Zephyr on the Rio Grande. The Rio Grande portion of the train was extended beyond Salt Lake to Ogden, Utah, allowing Nevada and this continued until the creation of Amtrak on May 1,1971. After debuting on the Denver Zephyr in 1936, they served on the California Zephyr from 1949 until it was discontinued in 1970, at any one time, there were 10 or 11 Zephyrettes who were actively employed. When Amtrak revived the California Zephyr in 1983 it invited a former Zephyrette, Beulah Bauman, a pair of the Western Pacifics Budd Rail Diesel Cars, replacements for the Royal Gorge, also picked up the name Zephyrette. At the last minute, the Rio Grande refused to join Amtrak and this forced Amtrak on to the Union Pacifics Overland Route through southern Wyoming instead of Colorado. The Rio Grande continued to operate the Rio Grande Zephyr between Denver and Ogden, in 1983 the D&RGW elected to join Amtrak, citing increasing losses in passenger operations. Amtrak re-routed the San Francisco Zephyr over the D&RGWs Moffat Subdivision between Denver and Salt Lake City, its preference from 1971
10.
Richmond station (California)
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Richmond Station is an at-grade Bay Area Rapid Transit and Amtrak station located in Richmond, California. Each system is served by an island platform, the Capitol Corridor, San Joaquins, and California Zephyr stop here and connect to BART. The station was rebuilt and rededicated on October 18,2007, the Metro Walk - Richmond Transit Village is adjacent, north of the station is a BART rail yard. This station has identified as an important hub in the transportation network for metropolitan. Around that same time the Southern Pacific Railroad opened a station just south of the current station at MacDonald Avenue, BART service at this station began along dedicated tracks that paralleled the SP line on January 29,1973. Amtrak service to the station started, using the SP lines tracks, a station house for the Amtrak service was constructed in 1984. A transit village and rebuild of the approach to the station was started in 2007. A transit store opened at the station in August 2008, joining other major stations in the system, the Coast Starlight no longer stops at Richmond as of January 14,2013. The station is served by two bus agencies, AC Transit provides a variety of local and regional service. Routes 70,71, 72M,74, and 76 provide local intra-city service and also feeder service into the BART, routes 376 and 800 both provide late night service. It is the route in the All Nighter regional Bay Area network. There is also a free Kaiser Shuttle service to the nearby Richmond Medical Center, of the 74 California stations served by Amtrak, Richmond was the 16th-busiest in FY2012, boarding or alighting an average of about 773 passengers daily. List of Bay Area Rapid Transit stations BART - Richmond Station Overview Capitol Corridor Richmond Station Page Amtrak Station Information Page Richmond --Great American Stations
11.
Chicago Union Station
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Chicago Union Station is a major railroad station that opened in 1925 in Chicago, Illinois, replacing an earlier station built in 1881. It is the only remaining intercity rail terminal in Chicago, as well as being the primary terminal for commuter trains. The station stands on the west side of the Chicago River between West Adams Street and West Jackson Boulevard, just outside the Chicago Loop, including approach and storage tracks, it is about nine and a half city blocks in size. Its facilities are underground, buried beneath streets and skyscrapers. Chicago Union Station is the third-busiest rail terminal in the United States, after Grand Central Terminal and it is Amtraks overall fourth-busiest station. It handles approximately 120,000 passengers on a weekday and is one of Chicago’s most iconic structures, reflecting the city’s strong architectural heritage. In addition to standing out architecturally, Union Station has features that reflect its commitment to sustainability, in 2011, its lighting system was replaced with more energy-efficient light bulbs and motion sensors, reducing the station’s carbon footprint by 4 million tons annually. Chicago Union Station was designated as one of America’s “Great Places” in 2012 by the American Planning Association. The “Great Places” program by APA highlights places streets, neighborhoods, and public spaces around America that exhibit “exemplary character, quality, and planning. ”These places are unique in their cultural and historical significance, sense of community, and vision. Other criteria include “architectural features, accessibility, functionality, and community involvement. ”Chicago Union Station is considered a “Great Public Space” by APA and these spaces are safe and inviting, well-maintained, and attractive, both visually and in functionality. In addition, local culture and history are reflected within the space, Union Station is laid out with a double stub-end configuration, with 10 tracks coming into the station from the north and 14 from the south. Because passenger trains do not pass through Union Station, all passengers traveling through Chicago must change trains to reach their final destination. There are 2 through tracks to allow out-of-service equipment moves between the north and south side, including one with a platform to allow extra long trains to board, between the north and south sides of the station is a passenger concourse. Passengers can walk through the concourse to get from any platform to any other without stairs or elevators, odd-numbered platforms are on the north half of the station, and even-numbered platforms on the south half. The north tracks are used by Amtrak for the Hiawatha Service and the Empire Builder, and by Metra for the Milwaukee District West, Milwaukee District North, the south tracks are used for all of the other Amtrak and Metra services. Two station management structures, one on side of the terminal, monitor train-to-track assignments. The concourse also has a level between platform and street level, containing a food court featuring local vendors as well as national chains. Located west of Canal Street, Union Stations headhouse occupies a city block
12.
San Jose Diridon station
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San Jose Diridon is the central passenger rail depot for San Jose, California. It also serves as a hub for Santa Clara County. The station is on the Union Pacific Coast Line tracks at 65 Cahill Street in San Jose, the depot is listed on the National Register of Historic Places for its Italian Renaissance Revival style architectural and historical significance. The station is served by Caltrain, ACE, VTA light rail and this is in addition to bus services by California Shuttle Bus, Amtrak Thruway Bus, Monterey-Salinas Transit, San Benito Transit, Santa Cruz Metro, SMART, local VTA and employer shuttles and buses. It is to have Bay Area Rapid Transit service when the Silicon Valley BART extension is complete and is to be preceded by a Downtown San Jose BART station, the Cahill Depot opened in December 1935. The opening of the depot was the culmination of a 30-year effort to relocate 4, the new depot replaced the Fourth Street lines station. The Cahill Depot was a stop for several Southern Pacific passenger trains, including the famous San Francisco–Los Angeles train, other named trains that used the station were the all first-class Lark, and the Del Monte. Amtrak took over long distance train service in 1971. Restoration of the station was finished in 1994, when the station was renamed Diridon Station after former Santa Clara County Supervisor Rod Diridon, in 1996, Santa Clara County voters approved a half cent sales tax to fund the 1996 Measure B Transportation Improvement Project. Part of this project was the construction of the Vasona Light Rail extension which included a VTA light rail platform at the Diridon train depot, the passenger platform was featured in the opening scene of Alfred Hitchcocks Marnie as representing the Hartford, Connecticut, train station. Of Amtraks 74 California stations, San Jose was the 19th-busiest in FY2010, the depot is in the Italian Renaissance Revival style, with a three-story central section flanked by two-story wings. The building, a compilation of rectangular sections, is 390 feet long and 40 feet to 78 feet wide, the central section, which contains the passenger waiting room, measures 40 by 80 feet and is 33 feet high. The high center pavilion housing the room is constructed of steel columns. The side wings are framed with wood, the exterior walls are clad with tapestry brick or varied colors and arranged in an English bond pattern. The depot is in an area formerly dominated by warehouses. Several vernacular sheds, a tower, butterfly passenger sheds. This depot is one of only four Italian Renaissance Revival style depots in California, the only other large depot built in California during the 1930s was the Los Angeles Union Passenger Terminal. The high-speed rail track and platform locations have not been determined yet, the BART station will be called Diridon/Arena and planned to be a subway station adjacent to the train station and Santa Clara Street
13.
Capitol Corridor
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The Capitol Corridor is a 168-mile passenger train route operated by Amtrak in California. Capitol Corridor trains operate between San Jose and Sacramento, roughly parallel to Interstate 880 and Interstate 80, one train a day continues through the eastern Sacramento suburbs to Auburn, in the foothills of the Sierra Nevada. Capitol Corridor trains started in 1991, the Capitol Corridor is named because it links the location of Californias first state capitol, San Jose, with the current location, Sacramento. The rail route also travels near historical state capitol locations of Vallejo, at the start of the 1990s three Amtrak trains operated in the Bay Area, the long-distance California Zephyr and Coast Starlight, and the short-distance San Joaquin. Only the Coast Starlight ran once a day between San Jose and Sacramento, and at inconvenient times, the last local service between the two former capitals was the Southern Pacifics Senator which ran between Oakland and Sacramento until May 31,1962. In 1990 California voters passed two propositions providing $105 million to expand service along the route, the new service, named Capitols, debuted on December 12,1991 with three daily round-trips between San Jose and Sacramento. Of these, a single round-trip continued to Roseville, an eastern Sacramento suburb, the service was later renamed Capitol Corridor to avoid confusion with the Capitol Limited, which runs between Washington, D. C. and Chicago. In 1998 there was one round trip train that ran as far as Colfax, today, most eastbound Capitol Corridor trains terminate in Sacramento, with Amtrak Thruway bus connections to destinations farther east. Only one daily train runs as far as Auburn, new stations have been proposed along the route at Hercules, Benicia, northern Fairfield/Vacaville and Dixon. The northern Fairfield–Vacaville station is being developed by the cities of Fairfield and Vacaville near the corner of Peabody Road, the station is being planned and paid for by BART and the city of Union City. Preliminary work had started to add second pair of tracks between Oakland and San Jose, which would enable most trains to run from Sacramento to San Jose, an expansion to Truckee, California and Reno, Nevada on the UP line over Donner Pass has been considered. Revenue in FY2012 was $27,927,540, an 8. 6% increase over FY2011 and it is the fourth busiest Amtrak route by ridership, surpassed only by the Northeast Regional, Acela Express, and Pacific Surfliner. As of 2013 Sacramento is the busiest station on the route, the Capitol Corridor is used by commuters between the Sacramento area and the Bay Area as an alternative to driving on congested Interstate 80. Monthly passes and discounted tickets are available. Starting on August 28,2006 the Capitol Corridor had 16 weekday trains each way between Oakland and Sacramento, up from twelve in 2005 and three in 1992, according to its management, ridership on the Capitol Corridor trains tripled between 1998 and 2005. Starting August 13,2012 the Capitol Corridor dropped from 16 to 15 weekday trains each way between Oakland and Sacramento, as of February 2013 no weekday trains run the full length of the line between Auburn and San Jose. The single departure from Auburn runs to Oakland Coliseum, of the 14 westward departures from Sacramento seven run to San Jose, seven trains run San Jose to Sacramento, six downtown Oakland to Sacramento, one Coliseum to Sacramento and one Oakland to Auburn. When the Capitol Corridor debuted in 1991, it used Amtrak F40PH locomotives, Dash 8 locomotives were also used as they were brand new at the time
14.
Berkeley station (California)
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Berkeley is an Amtrak station in Berkeley, California, served by Amtrak Californias Capitol Corridor service. The station is located under the University Avenue overpass just west of 4th Street and it is served by AC Transit bus lines 51B and 802, AC Transit bus line Z stops nearby on 6th Street. The current platform opened on September 17,2005, after a $2.4 million renovation, of the 74 California stations served by Amtrak, Berkeley was the 23rd-busiest in FY2012, boarding or detraining an average of approximately 417 passengers daily. The station house was built by the Southern Pacific in 1913, Amtrak California service at Berkeley began in 1986 with the twice-daily San Joaquins, which then operated between Oakland and Bakersfield. Berkeley was a stop on the Capitol Corridor when that service began in late 1991. San Joaquins service at Berkeley ended in 1993 because of low ridership, Berkeley station for a different Southern Pacific station Amtrak – Stations – Berkeley, CA Berkeley --Great American Stations
15.
Auburn station (California)
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The Auburn station is an Amtrak station in Auburn, California. Located at the corner of Nevada Street and Fulweiler Street, it serves as the terminus of the Capitol Corridor line. The platform is next to a spur track off of Track 2 of Union Pacifics route over Donner Pass. Because of the geography of the city, the Union Pacifics mainline tracks are split, with Track 1 running through the side of the city. The California Zephyr bypasses the city on its route between Roseville and Colfax primarily via Track 1, Auburn became a stop on Amtraks Capitol Corridor in January 1998. Of the 74 California stations served by Amtrak, Auburn was the 45th-busiest in FY2012, Amtrak – Stations – Auburn, CA Auburn Amtrak Station and Nevada Station
16.
Union Station (Los Angeles)
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Los Angeles Union Station is the main railway station in Los Angeles, California, and the largest railroad passenger terminal in the Western United States. It opened in May 1939 as the Los Angeles Union Passenger Terminal, replacing La Grande Station, approved in a controversial ballot measure in 1926 and built in the 1930s, it served to consolidate rail services from a number of railroads into one terminal station. Conceived on a scale, Union Station became known as the Last of the Great Railway Stations built in the United States. It was placed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1980, today, the station is a major transportation hub for Southern California, serving almost 110,000 passengers a day. Three of Amtraks long distance trains originate and terminate here, the Coast Starlight to Seattle, the Southwest Chief and Texas Eagle to Chicago, the state-supported Amtrak California Pacific Surfliner regional trains run frequently to San Diego and also to Santa Barbara and San Luis Obispo. The station is the hub of the Metrolink commuter trains, and several Metro Rail subway and light rail lines serve it as well, the Patsaouras Transit Plaza, on the east side of the station, serves dozens of bus lines operated by Metro and several other municipal carriers. The election would take on racial connotations and become a defining moment in the development of Los Angeles. The proposed Union Station was located in the heart of what was Los Angeles original Chinatown. ”The Times also attacked the elevateds for blocking out the California sun, two questions were put to vote in 1926. First, the voters approved Union Station instead of elevated railways by 61.3 to 38.7 percent margin. Second, the electorate voted in favor of the Los Angeles Plaza as the site of the new station but by a much smaller 51.1 to 48.9 percent margin. The glamorous new station took over from La Grande Station which had suffered damage in the 1933 Long Beach earthquake and Central Station. Passenger service was provided by the Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway, Southern Pacific Railroad, the famed Super Chief luxury train carried Hollywood stars and others to Chicago and thence the East Coast. Union Station saw heavy use during World War II, but later saw declining patronage due to the popularity of air travel. No one was killed or injured, but the engineer lost his job, the station was designated as a Los Angeles Historic–Cultural Monument No.101 on August 2,1972 and placed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1980. The first commuter service to Union Station was the short-lived CalTrain that began operating on October 18,1982 between Los Angeles and Oxnard. The service faced economic and political problems from the start and was suspended in March 1983, the next attempt at commuter rail came in 1990 with the launch of the Amtrak-operated Orange County Commuter. The once-daily round-trip served stations between Los Angeles and San Juan Capistrano, Metrolink commuter rail service began on October 26,1992, with Union Station as the terminus for the San Bernardino Line, the Santa Clarita Line and the Ventura County Line. In January 1993, Metros Red Line subway began service to the station, the Orange County Commuter train was discontinued on March 28,1994 and replaced by Metrolinks Orange County Line
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Coast Starlight
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The Coast Starlight is a passenger train operated by Amtrak on the West Coast of the United States. It runs from Seattle, Washington, to Los Angeles, California, via the San Francisco Bay Area, the train was the first to offer direct service between the two cities. Its name is a combination of two Southern Pacific Railroad trains, the Coast Daylight and the Starlight, the train has operated continuously since Amtraks formation in 1971. Unique among Amtraks long-distance trains, the features a Hi-Level lounge for sleeping car passengers named the Pacific Parlour Car. Before the formation of Amtrak, no one passenger train ran the length of the West Coast, the closest equivalent was SPs West Coast, which ran via the San Joaquin Valley from Los Angeles to Portland, with through cars to Seattle via the Great Northern Railway. Southern Pacific Railroad had the Coast Daylight between Los Angeles and San Francisco and the Cascade between Oakland and Portland. SP also ran trains between Los Angeles and the San Francisco Bay Area – the all-sleeping car Lark on the coast route. Service from Portland north to Seattle was provided by Union Pacific, in 1970, Great Northern and Northern Pacific were merged into Burlington Northern Railroad, which continued to provide service. Trains south from Los Angeles to San Diego were Santa Fes San Diegans, with the start of Amtrak operations on May 1,1971 a single train began running between Seattle and San Diego. The unnamed train ran three days a week, on the four days another unnamed train ran between Oakland and Los Angeles. On November 14 Amtrak officially dubbed this dual operation as Coast Daylight-Starlight, the Los Angeles–San Diego through-running ended with the June 11,1972 timetable change, replaced by a third San Diegan. In June 1973 Amtrak began running the combined Coast Daylight-Starlight daily, positive response led to Amtrak to retain this service, and the Coast Daylight name was dropped on May 19,1974. With the November 10,1996 timetable change, Amtrak added through coaches between Seattle and San Diego attached to the last Amtrak San Diegan train of the evening. They were coupled onto the first morning train back to Los Angeles where they were re-coupled to the Coast Starlight to Seattle and this was discontinued with the October 26,1997 timetable change because of train 11s poor timekeeping. By mid-summer in 2006 delays of 5–11 hours were common, critics dubbed the train the Star-late. During early summer 2008, the Coast Starlight was relaunched with new amenities, in July 2008, the Pacific Parlour cars had been refurbished and were back in service as part of the relaunch. This was much anticipated, due to the success of Amtraks re-launches of the Empire Builder, between FY2008 and FY2009, ridership on the Coast Starlight jumped 15% from 353,657 passengers to 406,398 passengers. Operating conditions on the UP improved as well, by May 2008 on-time performance had jumped to 86%, during Season 9 of Reading Rainbow in 1991, the Coast Starlight was used as several segments in the episode Kate Shelley and the Midnight Express
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Martinez station
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Martinez is an Amtrak passenger train station in Martinez, California, United States, the county seat of Contra Costa County. The station was opened in September 2001, superseding an earlier building that still stands a couple of blocks to the east. Prior to the creation of Amtrak on May 1,1971, the station is served by local County Connection bus service and connecting service from WestCAT, and Tri-Delta Transit, as well as an Amtrak Thruway Bus Service. The station includes a center for buses, passenger drop off and pick-up zones, a taxi stand. The station is served by 42 Amtrak passenger trains each weekday and 34 per day on the weekends, the Capitol Corridor service runs between San Jose, CA and Sacramento, CA and offers 30 trains per weekday. The San Joaquin service offers 8 trains daily between Oakland, CA and Bakersfield, CA, the California Zephyr and the Coast Starlight each operate one train daily in each direction. Of the 74 California stations served by Amtrak, Martinez was the sixth-busiest in fiscal 2013 and this Station is located in Contra Costa County. County Connection is the transit agency charged with providing bus service. Route 98X offers a bus service to the Walnut Creek BART station. Routes 3,16,18,19, and 28 provide local bus service to the Concord, North Concord/Martinez, and Pleasant Hill BART stations, as well as points in between, including Diablo Valley College. There is an Amtrak Thruway Motorcoach service to McKinleyville, CA300 miles to the north of Martinez, via Vallejo, Napa, Santa Rosa, Ukiah, Garberville, Amtrak – Stations – Martinez, CA Martinez Amtrak Station Martinez -Great American Stations
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King Street Station
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King Street Station is a train station in Seattle, Washington, United States. Located between South King and South Jackson streets and Second and Fourth Avenues South in the Pioneer Square neighborhood of Seattle, the station is just south of downtown. Built between 1904 and 1906, it served the Great Northern Railway and Northern Pacific Railway from its opening on May 10,1906, until the creation. King Street Station was Seattles primary train terminal until the construction of the adjacent Oregon & Washington Depot, later named Union Station, King Street Station was added to the National Register of Historic Places and the Washington Heritage Register in 1973. King Street Station was purchased by the City of Seattle in 2008 for $10 and, with enough funds finally in place, the station is served by Amtrak Cascades, Empire Builder, and Coast Starlight trains, and by Sound Transits Sounder commuter trains. King St. Station is also the Seattle terminus for the Rocky Mountaineers luxury excursion train, for the first nine months of 2006, Sounder service boarded almost 1.2 million passengers at King Street Station. In 2016, Seattle was the 15th busiest station in the national Amtrak System, built between 1904 and 1906 by the Great Northern Railway and Northern Pacific Railway, the station replaced an antiquated station on Railroad Avenue, todays Alaskan Way. Designed by the firm of Reed and Stem of St, the depots 242-foot tower was modeled after Campanile di San Marco in Venice, Italy, making it the tallest building in Seattle at the time of its construction. This tower contained four huge mechanical clock faces built by E. Howard & Co. of Boston, Massachusetts, at the time of installation it was said to be the second largest timepiece on the Pacific Coast, second only to the Ferry Building in San Francisco, California. Over the years, remodeling concealed the stations original ornate interior, after the remodel, the only original remaining features left visible in the main waiting area were the terrazzo tile floor and the clock on the west wall above the restrooms. From a practical standpoint, the station is close to downtown, however, unlike cities such as Boston, it is not near the intercity bus terminal, although the station is less than a block from the International District of the Downtown Seattle Transit Tunnel. For many years, the upper entrance off of Jackson Street was not used. Instead, the entrance was located on the first floor off of a small parking lot. Plans to restore the building to its former prominence, including cosmetic renovations to both the station interior and exterior, began in 2003. As part of renovations the Compass Room and restrooms were refurbished. New mahogany entry doors and wood framed windows were installed in the waiting room, new brass door hardware and reproduction period light fixtures and plaster decorative work were included to reproduce the former character of the stations interior. In November,2006, the Office of Seattle Mayor Greg Nickels announced an agreement between the City of Seattle and BNSF Railway to purchase the station for $1. The Seattle City Council formalized the agreement by passing legislation in December,2006, the deal, revised to $10, was signed March 5,2008
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San Joaquin (train)
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The San Joaquin is a passenger train operated by Amtrak, with funding from the California Department of Transportation as part of the Amtrak California network in Californias Central Valley. Fourteen trains a day run between its terminus at Bakersfield and Stockton, where the route splits to Oakland or Sacramento. At Bakersfield, Thruway Motorcoach service offers connections to the Pacific Surfliner at Los Angeles Union Station, a number of points in Southern California, the High Desert, Central Coast connections are also available at Hanford, California. At Sacramento connections are available along a route ending in Reno, Nevada, or an ending in Redding. The Martinez station offers connections along the Redwood Coast through Napa, California, from Stockton, connecting routes are available to Redding and San Jose, with stops along the way. At Emeryville, Thruway Motorcoach service offers connections to San Francisco, service is also available, through third-party contract, to Yosemite Valley, year-round from Merced and seasonally from Fresno. The San Joaquin is Amtraks fifth-busiest service and the railroads third-busiest in California, during fiscal year 2013, the service carried a record 1.2 million passengers, a 6. 6% increase from FY2012. Total revenue during FY2013 was US$39,401,591, a 1. 9% increase over FY2012, on July 1,2015, management and governance of the San Joaquins passed to the San Joaquin Joint Powers Authority. The San Joaquin runs over lines that once hosted several passenger trains a day, the top trains were the Golden Gate on the Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway, and the San Joaquin Daylight on the Southern Pacific Railroad. Prior to 1960s service cutbacks passenger service continued south of Bakersfield, to Glendale, the San Joaquin Daylight was discontinued with the start-up of Amtrak in May 1971. Other passenger trains ran through the Central Valley included Southern Pacifics Owl and Santa Fes San Francisco Chief. Amtrak routed all Los Angeles-San Francisco service over the Southern Pacifics Coast Line in its initial 1971 route structure, both the Southern Pacific and the Santa Fe had served the region. Beginning in 1972 Amtrak revisited the decision at the urging of area congressmen, notably Bernice F. Sisk, service began on March 5,1974 with one round-trip per day between Bakersfield and Oakland and a bus connection from Bakersfield to Los Angeles. Amtrak chose the Santa Fe route over the Southern Pacific, citing the higher speed of the Santa Fe, the decision was not without controversy, with Sisk alleging that the Southern Pacific lobbied the Nixon Administration to influence the decision. In 1979 Amtrak proposed discontinuing the San Joaquin as part of system-wide reductions ordered by the Carter Administration, the state of California stepped in to provide a yearly subsidy to cover the trains operating losses, and it was retained. At the time the state asked Amtrak to add a daily frequency between Oakland and Bakersfield, and to extend the service south over the Tehachapi Pass to Los Angeles. Amtrak added the train in February 1980, but attempts to extend the train over the Tehachapi Loop failed due to Southern Pacifics opposition. Over the past 30 years service has increased from just one trip per day to seven, five round trips to Oakland
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Bakersfield station (Amtrak)
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Bakersfield station is a train station in Bakersfield, California. It is the terminus of Amtrak Californias San Joaquin route, with Amtrak Thruway Motorcoach service continuing to Amtrak stations and bus stops throughout Southern California. The station opened with a celebration on July 4,2000 and it contains an 8,300 square feet station,2 tracks, and a 15-bay bus station. The original operator for train service on line was the Atchison, Topeka. Their station was located at the intersection of 15th Street and F Street and it was constructed in 1899 and demolished in 1972. Named Santa Fe passenger trains served at the station included the San Francisco Chief, starting in 1974, Amtrak operated out of a temporary station at that site, until this station was constructed. Construction of the San Francisco and San Joaquin Valley Railroad reached Bakersfield in 1898, however, they would not construct a train station in the city, because once completed, the railroad was purchased by Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe. It would also obtained trackage rights over Tehachapi Pass from the Southern Pacific Railroad and they constructed the Bakersfield Santa Fe Station in 1899, at the intersection of F Street and 15th Street. The station occupied two blocks of land, between D Street and F Street, a Harvey House was located on the east side of the station. In 1901, the Bakersfield and Kern Electric Railway was relocated to serve the station and it provided a direct connection between the Bakersfield Santa Fe Station and the Bakersfield Southern Pacific Station. In 1938, Santa Fe began operating intermodal rail service on the San Joaquin Valley line, trains would travel between Oakland and Bakersfield on the railroad line. At Bakersfield passengers would transfer to one of several bus routes, as a result, bus bays were constructed at the station. Service continued until 1971, when Amtrak was formed, since a rail route along the coast and in the San Joaquin Valley was considered redundant, the San Joaquin Valley route was dropped. In 1972, the station was demolished by Santa Fe and replaced with freight offices. However, train service restarted only two later, in 1974. It was decided to use the route previously used by Santa Fe. This would pose a problem for Bakersfield, the city would serve as the transfer point between rail and bus, but did not have any facilities for it. A temporary structure was erected at the new parking lot east of the freight offices, buses would park wherever space was available
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Alameda County, California
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Alameda County is a county in the state of California in the United States. As of the 2010 census, the population was 1,510,271, Alameda County is included in the San Francisco Bay Area, occupying much of the East Bay region. The county was formed on March 25,1853, from a portion of Contra Costa County. The Spanish word alameda means a place where trees grow. The willow and sycamore trees along the banks of the river reminded the early explorers of a road lined with trees, the county seat at the time it was formed was located at Alvarado, now part of Union City. In 1856 it was moved to San Leandro, where the county courthouse was destroyed by the devastating 1868 quake on the Hayward Fault, the county seat was then re-established in the town of Brooklyn from 1872-1875. Brooklyn is now part of Oakland, which has been the county seat since 1873, much of what is now considered an intensively urban region, with major cities, was developed as a trolley car suburb of San Francisco in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. The annual county fair is held at the Alameda County Fairgrounds in Pleasanton, the fair runs for three weekends from June to July. Attractions include horse racing, carnival rides, 4-H exhibits, according to the U. S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 821 square miles, of which 739 square miles is land and 82 square miles is water. The San Francisco Bay borders the county on the west, the crest of the Berkeley Hills form part of the northeastern boundary, and reach into the center of the county. A coastal plain several miles wide lines the bay, and is Oaklands most populous region, Livermore Valley lies in the eastern part of the county. Don Edwards San Francisco Bay National Wildlife Refuge A2014 analysis found Alameda County to be the 4th most racially diverse county in the United States, the 2010 United States Census reported that Alameda County had a population of 1,510,271. The population density was 2,047.6 people per square mile, Hispanic or Latino of any race were 339,889 persons,16. 4% Mexican,0. 8% Puerto Rican,0. 2% Cuban,5. 1% Other Hispanic. 26. 0% of all households were made up of individuals and 7. 3% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older, the average household size was 2.71 and the average family size was 3.31. In the county, the population was out with 24. 6% under the age of 18,9. 6% from 18 to 24,33. 9% from 25 to 44,21. 7% from 45 to 64. The median age was 34 years, for every 100 females there were 96.60 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 94.00 males, the median income for a household in the county was $55,946, and the median income for a family was $65,857. Males had an income of $47,425 versus $36,921 for females
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California
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California is the most populous state in the United States and the third most extensive by area. Located on the western coast of the U. S, California is bordered by the other U. S. states of Oregon, Nevada, and Arizona and shares an international border with the Mexican state of Baja California. Los Angeles is Californias most populous city, and the second largest after New York City. The Los Angeles Area and the San Francisco Bay Area are the nations second- and fifth-most populous urban regions, California also has the nations most populous county, Los Angeles County, and its largest county by area, San Bernardino County. The Central Valley, an agricultural area, dominates the states center. What is now California was first settled by various Native American tribes before being explored by a number of European expeditions during the 16th and 17th centuries, the Spanish Empire then claimed it as part of Alta California in their New Spain colony. The area became a part of Mexico in 1821 following its war for independence. The western portion of Alta California then was organized as the State of California, the California Gold Rush starting in 1848 led to dramatic social and demographic changes, with large-scale emigration from the east and abroad with an accompanying economic boom. If it were a country, California would be the 6th largest economy in the world, fifty-eight percent of the states economy is centered on finance, government, real estate services, technology, and professional, scientific and technical business services. Although it accounts for only 1.5 percent of the states economy, the story of Calafia is recorded in a 1510 work The Adventures of Esplandián, written as a sequel to Amadis de Gaula by Spanish adventure writer Garci Rodríguez de Montalvo. The kingdom of Queen Calafia, according to Montalvo, was said to be a land inhabited by griffins and other strange beasts. This conventional wisdom that California was an island, with maps drawn to reflect this belief, shortened forms of the states name include CA, Cal. Calif. and US-CA. Settled by successive waves of arrivals during the last 10,000 years, various estimates of the native population range from 100,000 to 300,000. The Indigenous peoples of California included more than 70 distinct groups of Native Americans, ranging from large, settled populations living on the coast to groups in the interior. California groups also were diverse in their organization with bands, tribes, villages. Trade, intermarriage and military alliances fostered many social and economic relationships among the diverse groups, the first European effort to explore the coast as far north as the Russian River was a Spanish sailing expedition, led by Portuguese captain Juan Rodríguez Cabrillo, in 1542. Some 37 years later English explorer Francis Drake also explored and claimed a portion of the California coast in 1579. Spanish traders made unintended visits with the Manila galleons on their trips from the Philippines beginning in 1565
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Wye (rail)
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A turning wye is a specific case. Wyes can also be used for turning equipment, and generally cover less area than a balloon loop doing the same job. When and where a wye is built specifically for equipment reversing purposes, in materials and annual taxes, the cost of two junctions is offset by saved capital investment and yearly taxes. Tram or streetcar tracks also use of triangular junctions and sometimes have a short triangle or wye stubs to turn the car at the end of the line. The use of triangular junctions allows flexibility in routing trains from any line to any other line, for this reason they are common across most rail networks. Slower bi-directional trains may enter a wye, letting a faster one pass, where one or more of the lines meeting at the junction are multi-track, the presence of a triangular junction does introduce a number of potential conflicting moves. For this reason, where traffic is heavy, the junction may incorporate flying junctions on some, or all, from time to time it is necessary to turn both individual pieces of railroad equipment or whole trains. Even where equipment is symmetrical, periodic turning may still be necessary in order to even wear, there are several different techniques that can be used to achieve such turning. Rail turntables require the least space, but can only deal with a single piece of equipment at a time. Balloon or turning loops can turn trains of any length – up to the length of the loop – in a single operation. Rail wyes can be constructed on sites where a loop would not be possible, Railroad systems in North America and Australia have tended to have more wyes than railroads elsewhere. North American locomotives and cars are likely to be directional than those found on other continents. In Canada and the United States, the railroad often was built other structures. In Europe, although some use was made of bi-directional tank locomotives and push-pull trains, because of land usage considerations, turntables were normally used to turn such locomotives, and most terminal stations and locomotive depots were so equipped. Over time, most diesel and electric locomotives ordered in Europe have been designed to be fully bi-directional, symmetrical, thus most turntables and, where they existed, rail wyes, have been taken out of use. Similar considerations apply to the use of junctions and reversing wyes on streetcar and tram systems. Many, although by no means all, streetcar and tram systems use single ended vehicles that have doors on one side only, however the vehicles used on such systems tend to have much smaller minimum curvature requirements than heavy rail equipment. This renders the use of a balloon loop more practical in an amount of space
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1989 Loma Prieta earthquake
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The 1989 Loma Prieta earthquake occurred in Northern California on October 17 at 5,04 p. m. local time. With a moment magnitude of 6.9 and a maximum Mercalli intensity of IX, no surface faulting occurred, though a large number of other ground failures and landslides were present, especially in the Summit area of the Santa Cruz Mountains. Due to the coverage of the 1989 World Series, it became the first major earthquake in the United States that was broadcast live on national television. Andrew Lawson, a geologist from the University of California, Berkeley, had named the fault after the San Andreas Lake and later led an investigation into that event. The San Andreas Fault ruptured for a length of 290 mi during the 1906 shock, several long term forecasts for a large shock along the San Andreas Fault in that area had been made public prior to 1989 but the earthquake that transpired was not what had been anticipated. The 1989 Loma Prieta event originated on an undiscovered oblique-slip reverse fault that is located adjacent to the San Andreas Fault, since many forecasts had been presented for the region near Loma Prieta, seismologists were not taken by surprise by the October 1989 event. Two moderate shocks, referred to as the Lake Elsman earthquakes by the USGS, occurred in the Santa Cruz Mountains region in June 1988, each events aftershock sequence and effect on stress drop was closely examined, and their study indicated that the shocks affected the mainshocks rupture process. The June 27,1988, shock occurred with an intensity of VI. Its effects included broken windows in Los Gatos, and other damage in Holy City. Farther away from the Santa Cruz Mountains, pieces of concrete fell from a structure at the Sunnyvale Town Center. More moderate damage resulted from the August 8,1989, shock when chimneys were toppled in Cupertino, Los Gatos, other damage included cracked walls and foundations and broken underground pipes. At the office of the Los Gatos City Manager, a window that was cracked had also broken in the earlier shock. Also in Los Gatos, one man died when he exited a building through a window, the Loma Prieta earthquake was named for Loma Prieta Peak in the Santa Cruz Mountains, which lies just to the east of the mainshock epicenter. At sites with rocky terrain, the duration was shorter and the shaking was much less intense, the strong motion records also allowed for the causative fault to be determined – the rupture was related to the San Andreas Fault System. While a Mercalli Intensity of VIII covered a large swath of territory relatively close to the further to the north. At more than 44 miles distant, the San Francisco Bay Area recorded peak horizontal accelerations that were as high as 0. 26g, in a general way, the location of aftershocks of the event delineated the extent of the faulting, which extended about 24 miles in length. Because the rupture took place bilaterally, the duration of strong shaking was about half of what it would have been had it ruptured in one direction only, the duration of a typical M6.9 shock with a comparable rupture length would have been about twice as long. Gregory Beroza, a seismologist with Stanford University, made several distinctions regarding the 1906 and 1989 events, near Loma Prieta, the 1906 rupture was more shallow, had more strike-slip, and occurred on a fault that was near vertical
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MacArthur station (BART)
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MacArthur is a rapid transit station of the Bay Area Rapid Transit system in Oakland, California, United States. It is the largest station in the BART system, being the one with four platform tracks in regular use. Service through MacArthur is timed for cross-platform transfers between the lines that pass through the station. MacArthur station is in North Oakland, in the median of Route 24 just north of its interchange with I-580, the surrounding area is mostly low-density residential, making MacArthur station a commuting hub. The current plan calls for 624 residential units as well as 42,500 square feet of retail space, the redevelopment is supported by the Bay Area Rapid Transit District board member, Lynette Sweet. Connecting AC Transit transit lines at this station include Line 31 to Alameda Point and 57 to Foothill Square, MacArthur station opened on September 11,1972, as the northern terminus of the inaugural BART line, which ran to Fremont. Upon the opening of the Transbay Tube, the station began to serve Cross-Bay trains to San Francisco, MacArthur station was built with cross-platform interchanges in mind. There are two platforms and four tracks. Platforms 3 and 4 serve the Pittsburg/Bay Point-SFO/Millbrae line, Platform 3 goes Northbound toward Pittsburg/Bay Point, connections between the lines are timed for Southbound passengers between Platforms 2 and 4. This is not the case for Northbound passengers, as a transfer point already exists further south at 19th Street Station. MacArthur tends to be crowded in the due to high transfer volume between two lines where only a few people get off while many are trying to board. List of Bay Area Rapid Transit stations Official BART station page
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Bay Area Rapid Transit
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Bay Area Rapid Transit is a public transportation system serving the San Francisco Bay Area. The rapid transit elevated and subway system connects San Francisco with cities in Alameda, Contra Costa, BART operates 5 routes on 104 miles of track connecting 45 stations, plus a 3. 2-mile automated guideway transit line to the Oakland International Airport which adds an additional station. A spur line in eastern Contra Costa County will utilize other rail technologies, with an average of 433,000 weekday passengers and 128.5 million annual passengers in fiscal year 2016, BART is the fifth-busiest heavy rail rapid transit system in the United States. The systems acronym is pronounced Bart, like the name, BART is operated by the San Francisco Bay Area Rapid Transit District, formed in 1957. As of 2017, it is being expanded to San Jose with the consecutive Warm Springs, some of the Bay Area Rapid Transit Systems current coverage area was once served by an electrified streetcar and suburban train system called the Key System. This early 20th-century system once had regular trans-bay traffic across the deck of the Bay Bridge. By the mid-1950s, that system had been dismantled in favor of highway travel, a new rapid-transit system was proposed to take the place of the Key System during the late 1940s, and formal planning for it began in the 1950s. Some funding was secured for the BART system in 1959, passenger service began on September 11,1972, initially just between MacArthur and Fremont. All nine Bay Area counties were involved in the planning and envisioned to be connected by BART, before the system began revenue service, serious problems in the design and operation of the Automatic Train Control system were observed. Three engineers working for BART, Max Blankenzee, Robert Bruder, BART management was dismissive of their concerns, so the three took the issue to the board of directors. All but two of the directors voted in February 1972 to support management and reject the safety concerns, management retaliated against the engineers, firing them in March 1972. The IEEE later filed the first amicus brief in its history to support the engineers. The California Society of Professional Engineers reported to the California State Senate in June 1972 that there were serious safety risks with the ATC. Legislative analyst A. Alan Post, opened an investigation immediately, an ATC failure caused the train to run off the end of the elevated track and crash to the ground, injuring four people on-board, and drawing national and international attention. The “Fremont Flyer” led to a redesign of the train controls. The California State Public Utilities Commission imposed stringent oversight over train operations, the legislative analyst issued the first of three “Post Reports” in November 1972. The report was “sharply critical” of BART, finding that the ATC system was unreliable, the ATC program was mismanaged, and “no solution was in sight. ”The report accused BART of paying excessive fees for engineering services. BART’s general manager called the indictment of safety in the Post Report “not only disappointing, telephone calls were placed manually between stations, instead
28.
National Association of Railroad Passengers
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The National Association of Railroad Passengers is the largest advocacy organization for train and rail transit passengers in the United States. The organization was founded by Anthony Haswell on May 18,1967, nARPs small paid staff in Washington, D. C. spends most of its time educating members of Congress and their staffs about the value of passenger rail. Each month, NARP publishes a newsletter detailing news in the passenger rail world. It often includes stories about related legislation in Congress, Travelers Advisories, paid circulation, corresponding to membership as of December 2007, was about 23,500. The organizations website includes action alerts and news releases, Travel discounts are a member benefit. NARP is divided into twelve membership regions for the purposes of electing members to the board of directors, the various regions and their elected representatives usually meet annually. The regions are grouped into four districts, each of which elects a vice-president, in addition to the above, the members elect a president, a secretary, and a treasurer. As of May 2009, the president was Ross B, Capon and the chairman was George Chilson. In late February 2014, NARP announced that Ross Capon was no longer President, NARP Hotline #851, February 28,2014, stated, NARP announced this week that Ross Capon will be transitioning from his 39-year career with the organization. Dr. Larry Scott will take over as Acting President, jim Mathews, Executive Editor of the Aviation Week Intelligence Network, was selected as new NARP President & CEO in August 2014
29.
San Francisco Bay Area
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The San Francisco Bay Area is a populous region surrounding the San Francisco and San Pablo estuaries in Northern California. The region encompasses the cities and metropolitan areas of San Jose, San Francisco. The Bay Areas nine counties are Alameda, Contra Costa, Marin, Napa, San Francisco, San Mateo, Santa Clara, Solano, and Sonoma. The combined statistical area of the region is the second-largest in California, the fifth-largest in the United States, the Bay Area has the second-most Fortune 500 Companies in the United States, and is known for its natural beauty, liberal politics, entrepreneurship, and diversity. The eastern side of the bay, consisting of Alameda and Contra Costa counties, is known locally as the East Bay, the inner East Bay is more densely populated, with generally older buildings, and a more ethnically diverse population. The word Lamorinda was coined by combining the names of the cities it includes, Lafayette, Moraga, walnut Creek is situated east of Lamorinda and north of the San Ramon Valley and, together with Concord, Martinez, and Pleasant Hill comprises Central Contra Costa County. The cities of Antioch, Pittsburg, Brentwood, Oakley and the areas surrounding them comprise East Contra Costa County. The Tri-Valley consists of the Amador, the Livermore, and the San Ramon Valleys, dublin and Pleasanton comprise the Amador Valley, Livermore lies in the Livermore Valley, and the San Ramon Valley consists of Alamo, Danville, Diablo and its namesake, San Ramon. The outer East Bay is connected to the inner East Bay by BART, Interstate 580 to the south, and State Routes State Route 4 to the north, the outer East Bays infrastructure was mostly built up after World War II. This area remains largely white demographically, although the Hispanic and Filipino populations have grown significantly over the past 2–3 decades, the region north of the Golden Gate Bridge is known locally as the North Bay. This area encompasses Marin County, Sonoma County, Napa County, the city of Fairfield, being part of Solano County, is often considered the easternmost city of the North Bay. With few exceptions, this region is affluent, Marin County is ranked as the wealthiest in the state. The North Bay is relatively rural compared to the remainder of the Bay Area, with areas of undeveloped open space, farmland. Santa Rosa in Sonoma County is the North Bays largest city, with a population of 167,815 and a Metropolitan Statistical Area population of 466,891, making it the fifth-largest city in the Bay Area. The North Bay is the section of the Bay Area that is not currently served by a commuter rail service. The area from San Francisco to the Silicon Valley, geographically part of the San Francisco Peninsula, is known locally as The Peninsula, many of these families are of foreign background and have significantly contributed to the diversity of the area. Whereas the term peninsula technically refers to the entire geographical San Franciscan Peninsula, in local terms, San Francisco is surrounded by water on three sides, the north, east, and west. The city squeezes roughly 870,000 people in under 47 square miles, on any given day, there can be as many as 1 million people in the city because of the commuting population and tourism
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Fremont station
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Fremont station is located in Fremont, California and is served by Amtraks Capitol Corridor and the Altamont Corridor Express. The Station is located in Alameda County, the Altamont Corridor Express serves the station on weekdays. Amtraks Capitol Corridor stops 14 times daily, with seven trains in each direction, the Coast Starlight passes the station daily, but does not stop. Amtrak tickets can be purchased from the QuikTrak machine located inside the waiting area. The station has two outside-boarding platforms, platform 1, nearest the station on the north side of the tracks, is of standard length for Capitol Corridor trains. Platform 2, on the side of the tracks, is a short platform. The Fremont Boulevard grade crossing is immediately to the west of the station, occasionally, passengers board the train from the road. Of the 74 California stations served by Amtrak, Fremont was the 36th-busiest in FY2012, AC Transit has a bus stop across the street, served by Lines 210,99, and Transbay bus U. Line 216 and All-Nighter 801 also serve the station on nearby Peralta Blvd, Lines 99 and 216 connect this station to the Fremont. Amtrak Thruway Motorcoach buses stop right at the station, the Depot Diner, located at the west end of the depot, contains the historic creamery counter and chairs from Cloverdale Creamery. Fremont Flowers moved the original chairs and counter to the depot. The owner of the shop also owns the Depot Diner. Centervilles first Southern Pacific Railroad station was nothing more than a boxcar, in that month the current wooden structure was opened. It was one of sixty Type 23 stations built by Southern Pacific, the station was a busy one during its early years, handling both freight and passenger traffic, including two to three daily milk trains. By the mid-1920s, automobile traffic began to grow, and the trains were discontinued. Passenger service ended on March 29,1940, the Railway Express Agency continued shipping to and from the station until 1958. The station was closed on September 30,1961. The station changed many times in the following decades, becoming a furniture store, a spice store, a toy store
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Livermore station
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Livermore is a train station in downtown Livermore, California. The station is served by commuter Altamont Corridor Express trains between San Joses Diridon Station and Stocktons Cabral Station, the majority of passengers at this station are commuters headed to job centers in the Silicon Valley. WHEELS routes 10R,11,12,14,15, 20X, 30R and this station was originally planned as the site of a co-located BART station when the Livermore Extension is built from the current terminus at Dublin/Pleasanton to Vasco Road. There are six daily Amtrak Thruway Bus trips on line 6 to San Jose, media related to Livermore ACE station at Wikimedia Commons ACE Livermore Station
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Vasco Road station
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Vasco Road is an ACE station on Vasco Road in eastern Livermore, California. The station is served by commuter Altamont Corridor Express trains between San Jose Diridon Station and Stockton, tri-Valley WHEELS lines 11,16, and 20X currently serve this location. In the future, express commuter buses serving the Dublin/Pleasanton BART station may stop at, be truncated to. Media related to Vasco Road station at Wikimedia Commons ACE Vasco Road Station
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Oakland Coliseum station
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They are located in Oakland, California, United States, and are connected to each other, and to the Oakland Coliseum and the Oracle Arena by pedestrian bridges. BART and Capitol Corridor Joint Powers Authority, Capitol Corridors administration agency, in addition to the Coliseum–Oakland International Airport AGT line, AC Transit bus routes 73 and 805 also provide service between the BART station and Oakland International Airport. BARTs Coliseum station consists of an island platform with the concourse mezzanine at ground level. The BART to OAK Airport station has a track and side platform. Capitol Corridors Oakland Coliseum station, the newest Capitol Corridor station and it is unstaffed, but has an electronic ticketing system. In 2002, CCJPA, in conjunction with Caltrans and the City of Oakland, in October 2009, Oakland City Council voted its approval for a 3. 2-mile extension of BART to Oakland International Airport. Preliminary construction began in late 2010, the service began on November 22,2014, fares for the BART to OAK Airport service are $6. Of the 44 BART stations open at the time, Coliseum station was the 16th-busiest in FY2014, Oakland Coliseum served an average of approximately 157 Amtrak passengers daily in 2015
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Hayward station (Amtrak)
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Hayward is a train station in Hayward, California, United States served by Amtrak, the national railroad passenger system. Currently the only route that stops at this station is Amtrak Californias Capitol Corridor, service at Hayward began on May 29,1997. The Capitol Corridor stops in Hayward 14 times daily, with seven trains in each direction, Hayward served an average of about 111 passengers daily in FY2015. Media related to Hayward at Wikimedia Commons Amtrak – Stations – Hayward, CA Capital Corridor Hayward --Great American Stations
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Union City station
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Union City station is a Bay Area Rapid Transit station located in downtown Union City near the Decoto district. Service at this station began on September 11,1972, the station sits near Decoto Road east of Alvarado-Niles Road, directly behind James Logan High Schools campus. Temporary parking spaces were constructed in 2006, and opened in the Summer of 2007, the station is currently undergoing construction through 2016 to create a second entrance on the other side of the station. Local bus service is provided by Union City Transit and AC Transit, currently, no connection to other regional trains exists at Union City BART station. In February 2008, Union Citys Economic Development Department and BART proposed that this become a regional rail intermodal station. For now, the Dumbarton Express bus service provides service to the Peninsula. Funding for this went to Bart to San Jose project which would be opened in 2017. In May 2011, developers, Union City and BART officials unveiled the first residential housing project inside the city/transit agency-specified redevelopment district, the BART station building facade has been completely renovated and overhauled facelift which lends it an airy feeling similar to SFO station. Across the street sits the newly constructed East Plaza, which features a fountain containing three bronze sculptures created by French sculptor Louis Derebe, in February 2014, construction on Phase 2 began, around 300 apartments were constructed near the eastern entrance of the station. List of Bay Area Rapid Transit stations BART - Union City Station
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19th Street Oakland station
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19th Street Oakland is an underground Bay Area Rapid Transit station located at 19th Street and Broadway in Downtown Oakland. It is an official transfer station along the BART system. This station is identifiable by the brickwork on the interior. At all times during the day, there are timed cross-platform transfers between the lines, SFO/Millbrae-Pittsburg/Bay Point and Fremont-Richmond. There are no timed transfers between lines, because of only one southbound track. A portion of Will Smiths film The Pursuit of Happyness was filmed at this station, along with 12th Street Station the station serves as an essential feeder of commuters to the job center that is downtown Oakland. A temporary attraction, the Uptown Art Park sculpture garden, opened in 2013 and this station will very likely see more interior retail development due to BARTs ongoing relationship with master planner TransMart, publicly announced January 2011. As of January 2011, the station has interior double-decker bike racks at the gate level. A station canopy was added to the 20th Street and Broadway entrance in March 2015, the structure was part of a $2 million pilot project to test the feasibility of installing canopies at other BART stations. List of Bay Area Rapid Transit stations BART – 19th St. Oakland Station Overview
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Ashby station (BART)
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Ashby Station is a BART station, located beneath and parallel to Adeline Street, extending from Woolsey Street to Ashby Avenue in the southern part of Berkeley, California. It consists of an island platform. The station was planned to be elevated but the City of Berkeley paid the extra cost to have it built underground. Service at this station began on January 29,1973, the station includes park-and-ride facilities with 715 automobile parking spaces in two separate parking lots,24 motorcycle spaces,36 bike lockers, and bike rack spaces. Access mode shares were, 40% pedestrian, 38% automobile, 9% automobile, 8% bicycle, unique in the BART system, the City of Berkeley, rather than BART, controls the air rights on the parking lots. The west parking lot of the hosts a popular flea market on weekends. Between 2008 and 2010, a portion of the east parking lot was redeveloped as the Ed Roberts Campus, the Ed Roberts Campus is a regional center housing disability-related organizations in one large integrated resource center with a scope for the entire Bay Area. The east parking lot and station entrance were closed for construction on August 18,2008, the east parking lot reopened on April 19,2010, and the east entrance was open again before March 30,2013. There is additional public transit in the free West Berkeley Shuttle that connects the flatlands with the BART station, alta Bates Hospital also provides a free shuttle between the station and its Berkeley campus, which is within walking distance. That is next to the Pacific Center for Human Growth an LGBT community center, furthermore, attractions in the immediate vicinity include a Berkeley Bowl Grocery Store and The Berkeley Public Tool Lending Library. Restaurants and small businesses line the Shattuck Avenue corridor and a market is hosted on the south parking lot weekly. The Shotgun Players theater is across the street and La Peña Cultural Center is 2 blocks up the hill, below is data for average weekday entries and exits between the Ashby BART and other BART stations as of January 2017. The transit time and one-way trip cost is based on BARTs fares and schedules booklet, last updated in February 2016, a few notes for interpretation, Ashby BART primarily serves residents. Regular commuters therefore mainly depart from here in the morning and return in the evening, the exceptions are mostly people who work in downtown Berkeley but happen to find Ashby more convenient. The following kinds of stations will have higher counts, nearby stations, stations in downtowns, stations with transfers, end-of-line stations. Some daily commuters dont enter and exit at the same station, for instance, commuters from Ashby who work in downtown San Francisco exit at an earlier station in the morning and enter at a station farther south when returning. This is to get on a crowded train. List of Bay Area Rapid Transit stations Black Repertory Theatre Judah L. Magnes Museum La Peña Cultural Center Shotgun Players BART - Ashby Station Overview Ed Roberts Campus
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Bay Fair station
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Bay Fair is a Bay Area Rapid Transit station located near the Bayfair Center in San Leandro, California. The station is in BART District 3 and is represented by Bob Franklin, service at this station began on September 11,1972. The elevated island platform became a station after the BART system was extended to Dublin/Pleasanton. List of Bay Area Rapid Transit stations BART - Bay Fair Station Overview
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Downtown Berkeley station
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Downtown Berkeley is a Bay Area Rapid Transit station located in Berkeley, California, United States, one of three stations in Berkeley along with Ashby and North Berkeley. It is the second-busiest BART station in the East Bay and the overall, with 13,748 exits each weekday, first being 12th St. Oakland City Center. Located at the intersection of Shattuck Avenue and Allston Way, Downtown Berkeley station is situated near the center of the City of Berkeley and it is the primary station for those travelling to and from the University of California, Berkeley, which is one block to the east. Because this station is underground, there is poor cell service unless underneath the center of the station, cell boosters have not been rolled out in the Berkeley Subway creating a dead zone from Ashby to north Berkeley. The station was designed by Maher & Martens of San Francisco in collaboration with Parsons Brinckerhoff, Tudor Construction, in the mid-1990s, BART changed the name of the station from simply Berkeley to Downtown Berkeley in an effort to minimize confusion between this station and North Berkeley. The station is often referred to as Berkeley in train announcements. The station has been the site of many BART Alert protests in response to occurrences on the political scene, a station and plaza renovation project began construction on August 29,2016. The project scope includes new lighting, landscaping, drainage, paving, the main rotunda entrance will be replaced by a glass entrance structure similar to those found in downtown Oakland. The $11.2 million project is funded primarily by BART, with funding from the City of Berkeley, Metropolitan Transportation Commission. Work is expected to conclude in winter 2017, a further project to renovate the underground station interior is in the planning stages. Like most underground BART stations, Downtown Berkeley has two levels, a mezzanine containing the faregates and a platform with two tracks. The escalators at the latter are topped by a rotunda that covers passengers entering and leaving the station from inclement weather. There is also a bike parking facility outside the station at street level and is operated by Alameda Bicycle. It used to be placed at the top of a stairway from the mezzanine level to the platform below. The stairs were built so that an additional entrance could be opened if needed in the future, entrance windows featured artwork of the UCB Botanical Garden. Below is data for average weekday entries and exits between the Ashby BART and other BART stations as of January 2017, the transit time and one-way trip cost is based on BARTs fares and schedules booklet, last updated in February 2016, and valid as of January 2017. A few notes for interpretation, Downtown Berkeley serves commuters in both directions, it serves people who commute to downtown Berkeley every day for work or study, most of these commuters come from nearby areas in Oakland, Berkeley, El Cerrito, and Richmond. It also caters to a residential population that works in San Francisco or Oakland
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Dublin/Pleasanton station
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Dublin/Pleasanton is a Bay Area Rapid Transit station on the border of Dublin and Pleasanton. The station is fed by twenty local and regional bus lines from five different providers, the station consists of an island platform located in the center median of Interstate 580. Parking lots for the station are located on both sides of the freeway and it is somewhat unusual in that trains travel down a long, somewhat rural stretch of Interstate 580 between Castro Valley and Dublin to get to the station. It is also notable in having transit service to the city of Modesto, local bus service is provided by WHEELS. Connection to ACEs Pleasanton station is available through WHEELS route 54, service at the station began on May 10,1997. It was originally intended to be called the East Dublin/Pleasanton station, however, the West Dublin/Pleasanton station did not actually open until 2011, and the East designator is not commonly used, station signage and route maps use the shorter name. An adjacent transit-oriented development on the Dublin side of the station finished initial construction in 2006, the development includes housing, retail, and a BART parking garage. Tri-Delta transit previously offered connections to Antioch from this station, however, altamont Corridor Express, a diesel commuter rail service that runs between Stockton and San Jose, has a station in Pleasanton with bus service to both Pleasanton BART stations. There have been proposals for a connection between ACE and BART by extending BART from Pleasanton to nearby Livermore. The Iron Horse Regional Trail connects to both the north and south sides of the station, list of Bay Area Rapid Transit stations Hacienda Business Park, an adjacent transit-oriented business district. Media related to Dublin / Pleasanton BART station at Wikimedia Commons BART. gov, official Dublin/Pleasanton Station website PleasantonCommons. com, Pleasanton Bart Station
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Fremont station (BART)
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Fremont is a Bay Area Rapid Transit station that serves Fremont, California. The station was the terminus of the Richmond-Fremont and Fremont-Daly City lines until March 25,2017 and this station has full service at all times, while the neighboring Warm Springs/South Fremont station will have half the service. Parking is in demand, and lots at most stations are full during peak hours. Service at this station began on September 11,1972, when the Automatic Train Control system had safety problems with its design and operation. On October 2,1972, an ATC failure caused the “Fremont Flyer” to run off the end of the track at the Fremont station. The incident drew national and international attention, followed a month later by release of the Post Report on BART safety by the legislative analyst for the California State Senate. The “Fremont Flyer” train crash led to a redesign of the automatic train control system, the firing of the general manager. Fremont station is a hub for AC Transit and Santa Clara Valley Transportation Authority buses. Local buses, mainly within Fremont, and routes to the north Bay Fair BART, one All-Nighter route to 14th & Broadway in downtown Oakland with a timed transfer at to from Civic Center/UN Plaza station and to Richmond Station. VTA, has express and commuter buses serving San Jose, Milpitas, VTA will discontinue service at this station, upon the opening of the Milpitas and Berryessa stations. The Stanford Marguerite Shuttles AE-F and East Bay Express lines serve Fremont BART as their terminal station, list of Bay Area Rapid Transit stations BART - Fremont Station Overview The station address on Google Maps Map of overflow parking lot for Fremont BART
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Fruitvale station
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Fruitvale is a metro station of the Bay Area Rapid Transit system located in the Fruitvale District of Oakland, California, United States. The station consists of two elevated side platforms with the mezzanine at ground level. The redevelopment of the station area from a parking lot to a mixed-use transit village has served as a model for transit-oriented development planning elsewhere in the Bay Area. Service at this station began on September 11,1972, on January 1,2009, BART police officer Johannes Mehserle shot and killed Oscar Grant III at the Fruitvale BART station. PST, BART Police were responding to reports of a fight on a BART train inbound from San Francisco, Grant was face down on the platform, but Mehserle later said that he couldnt get Grants arms and feared that he was reaching inside his waistband. Mehserle drew his weapon and shot him in the back. Grant died seven hours later at Highland Hospital, video recorded by other riders at the scene were later aired on local television. In 2013 a movie was made about this incident, filmed on location, List of Bay Area Rapid Transit stations List of United States bike stations BART - Fruitvale Station Overview
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Hayward station (BART)
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Hayward station is a Bay Area Rapid Transit station that serves Downtown Hayward of Hayward, California, United States. It is across the street from Hayward City Hall, the station consists of two side platforms and a free five-level parking garage. Service at the station began on September 11,1972, in May 2008, an electrical fire caused service to this station to be temporarily disrupted as well as service to the Union City BART and Fremont stations. The fire started at the maintenance yard near the Hayward station. On October 30,2010, a man in a wheelchair fell onto the tracks and was hit by a train, Hayward BART is served by several local AC Transit routes, including the Transbay Route M, which provides service to San Mateo County via the San Mateo-Hayward Bridge. Shuttles going to California State University, East Bay provide service to the station, a Greyhound Lines bus stop is at the station. SamTrans served the station until 1999 and this station is in BART District 3 and is represented by Bob Franklin
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Lake Merritt station
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The Lake Merritt Bay Area Rapid Transit station is located in Downtown Oakland on Madison Street near Chinatown, Laney College, The Oakland Museum of California, and the iconic Lake Merritt. This station consists of an island platform, service at this station began on September 11,1972.75 miles away. A relatively careful dismantling of the headquarters building was completed in 2010. List of Bay Area Rapid Transit stations BART - Lake Merritt Station Overview
AC Transit: 29, 36, 57
Media related to Emeryville station at Wikimedia Commons
