Abd al-Qadir ibn Muhyi al-Din, known as the Emir Abdelkader or Abd al-Qadir al-Hassani al-Jaza'iri, was an Algerian religious and military leader who led a struggle against the French colonial invasion of Algiers in the early 19th century. As an Islamic scholar and Sufi who unexpectedly found himself leading a military campaign, he built up a collection of Algerian tribesmen that for many years successfully held out against one of the most advanced armies in Europe. His consistent regard for what would now be called human rights, especially as regards his Christian opponents, drew widespread admiration, and a crucial intervention to save the Christian community of Damascus from a massacre in 1860 brought honours and awards from around the world. Within Algeria, he was able to unite many Arab and Berber tribes to resist the spread of French colonization. His efforts to unite the country against French invaders led some French authors to describe him as a "modern Jugurtha", and his ability to combine religious and political authority has led to his being acclaimed as the "Saint among the Princes, the Prince among the Saints".
Photographed by Étienne Carjat in 1865
Photo from ca. 1860
Artistic representation of Abd al-Qadir's surrender in 1847
Portrait of Emir Abdelkader by Jean-Baptiste-Ange Tissier, in 1852
Invasion of Algiers (1830)
The invasion of Algiers in 1830 was a large-scale military operation by which the Kingdom of France, ruled by Charles X, invaded and conquered the Deylik of Algiers.
Attaque d'Alger par la mer 29 Juin 1830, Théodore Gudin
The "Fan Affair" which was the pretext for the invasion
Sailors loading the ships for the expedition
Landing on the Sidi Ferruch on 14 June 1830