1.
Emily Watson
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Emily Margaret Watson, OBE is an English actress. She won the BAFTA TV Award for Best Actress as Janet Leach for the 2011 ITV television film biopic Appropriate Adult, Watson began her career on stage and joined the Royal Shakespeare Company in 1992. In 2002, she starred in productions of Twelfth Night and Uncle Vanya at the Donmar Warehouse, Watson was born in Islington, London. Her father, Richard Watson, was an architect and her mother, Katharine, was an English teacher at St Davids Girls School and she was brought up as an Anglican. Watson has described her childhood self as a Nice middle class English girl, id love to say I was a rebellious teenager but I wasnt. Watson was educated at St James Independent Schools, in west London and she attended the University of Bristol, where she obtained a BA. Following university, she trained at the Drama Studio London and she later received an MA from Bristol University. Watsons career began on the stage and her theatre credits include The Childrens Hour, Three Sisters, Much Ado About Nothing and The Lady from the Sea. Watson has also worked with the Royal Shakespeare Company in A Jovial Crew, The Taming of the Shrew, Alls Well That Ends Well and her performance was widely acclaimed on both sides of the Atlantic and garnered her an Olivier Award nomination for Uncle Vanya. Watson was virtually unknown until director Lars von Trier chose her to star in his controversial Breaking the Waves after Helena Bonham Carter dropped out at the very last minute. She also played a role in Cradle Will Rock, a story of a theatre show in the 1930s. Though she won the role of Frank McCourts mother in the adaptation of his acclaimed memoir, Angelas Ashes. In 2001, she appeared alongside John Turturro in The Luzhin Defence, in 2004, Watson received a Golden Globe nomination for her role as Peter Sellerss first wife, Anne Howe, in the HBO film The Life and Death of Peter Sellers. 2005 saw Watson starring in four films, Wah-Wah, Richard E, in 2007, she appeared in The Water Horse, Legend of the Deep, an adaptation of the Dick King-Smith childrens novel about the origin of the Loch Ness Monster. Watson considers Ginzburg to be her best recent role, however, in 2011, she played Janet Leach in the ITV two-part film Appropriate Adult, about serial killer Fred West, for which she won a BAFTA. She also received rave reviews for her portrayal of Julie Nicholson in the BBC Drama A Song for Jenny, Watson was appointed Officer of the Order of the British Empire in the 2015 New Year Honours for services to drama. In 2017, she starred in the BBC mini-series Apple Tree Yard, in 2007, Mood Indigo, a script written by Watson and her husband, was optioned by Capitol Films. The film is a story set during the Second World War
2.
Cannes Film Festival
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Founded in 1946, the invitation-only festival is held annually at the Palais des Festivals et des Congrès. On 1 July 2014, co-founder and former head of French pay-TV operator Canal+ Pierre Lescure took over as President of the festival, the Board of Directors also appointed Gilles Jacob as Honorary President of the festival. The 2016 Cannes Film Festival took place between 11 and 22 May 2016, australian film director George Miller was the President of the Jury. I, Daniel Blake, directed by British director Ken Loach, in 2017, The Festival de Cannes will celebrate its 70th anniversary edition from May 17 to 28. In 1947, the festival was held as the Festival du film de Cannes, at that time the principle of equality was introduced, with a jury made up of only one representative per country. The festival is now held at the Palais des Festivals, expressly constructed for the occasion, although for its 1949 inaugural the roof was unfinished, the festival was not held in 1948 and 1950 on account of budgetary problems. Although its origins may be attributed in part to the French desire to compete with Autumns Venice Film Festival, in 1955, the Palme dOr was created, replacing the Grand Prix du Festival which had been given until that year. In 1957, Dolores del Rio was the first female member of the jury as a Sélection officielle – Member, in 1959, the Marché du Film was founded, giving the festival a commercial character and facilitating exchanges between sellers and buyers in the film industry. Today it has become the first international platform for film commerce, in 1962, the International Critics Week was born, created by the French Union of Film Critics as the first parallel section of the Cannes Film Festival. Its goal was to showcase first and second works by directors all over the world. In 1965, an hommage was paid to Jean Cocteau after his death, the next year, Olivia de Havilland was named the first female president of the festival. The 1968 festival was halted on 19 May, some directors, such as Carlos Saura and Miloš Forman, had withdrawn their films from the competition. The filmmakers achieved the reinstatement of the President, and they founded the Film Directors Society that same year, during the 1970s, important changes occurred in the Festival. In 1972, Robert Favre Le Bret was named the new President and he immediately introduced an important change in the selection of the participating films. Until that date, the different countries chose which films would represent them in the festival, Bessy created one committee to select French films, and another for foreign films. In 1978, Gilles Jacob assumed the President position, introducing the Caméra dOr award, in 1983, a new, much bigger Palais des Festivals et des Congrès was built to host the Festival. It was nicknamed The Bunker and provoked many reactions against it, in 1984, Pierre Viot replaced Robert Favre Le Bret as President of the Festival. It was not until 1995 that Gilles Jacob created the last section of the Official Selection and its aim was to support the creation of works of cinema in the world and to contribute to the entry of the new scenario writers in the circle of the celebrities
3.
Brown University
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Brown is the seventh-oldest institution of higher education in the United States and one of the nine Colonial Colleges established before the American Revolution. At its foundation, Brown was the first college in the United States to accept students regardless of their religious affiliation and its engineering program was established in 1847 and was the first in the Ivy League. It was one of the early doctoral-granting U. S. institutions in the late 19th century, adding master, Browns New Curriculum is sometimes referred to in education theory as the Brown Curriculum and was adopted by faculty vote in 1969 after a period of student lobbying. In 1971, Browns coordinate womens institution Pembroke College was fully merged into the university, Pembroke Campus now operates as a place for dorms and classrooms. Undergraduate admissions is very selective, with a rate of 8.3 percent for the class of 2021. The University comprises The College, the Graduate School, Alpert Medical School, the School of Engineering, the School of Public Health, and the School of Professional Studies. The Brown/RISD Dual Degree Program, offered in conjunction with the Rhode Island School of Design, is a course that awards degrees from both institutions. Browns main campus is located in the College Hill Historic District in the city of Providence, the Universitys neighborhood is a federally listed architectural district with a dense concentration of Colonial-era buildings. On the western edge of the campus, Benefit Street contains one of the finest cohesive collections of restored seventeenth-, Browns faculty and alumni include eight Nobel Prize laureates, five National Humanities Medalists, and ten National Medal of Science laureates. Other notable alumni include eight billionaire graduates, a U. S. Supreme Court Chief Justice, to erect a public Building or Buildings for the boarding of the youth & the Residence of the Professors. Stiles and Ellery were co-authors of the Charter of the College two years later, there is further documentary evidence that Stiles was making plans for a college in 1762. On January 20, Chauncey Whittelsey, pastor of the First Church of New Haven, answered a letter from Stiles, should you make any Progress in the Affair of a Colledge, I should be glad to hear of it, I heartily wish you Success therein. Isaac Backus was the historian of the New England Baptists and an inaugural Trustee of Brown, Mr. James Manning, who took his first degree in New-Jersey college in September,1762, was esteemed a suitable leader in this important work. Manning arrived at Newport in July 1763 and was introduced to Stiles, stiless first draft was read to the General Assembly in August 1763 and rejected by Baptist members who worried that the College Board of Fellows would under-represent the Baptists. A revised Charter written by Stiles and Ellery was adopted by the Assembly on March 3,1764, in September 1764, the inaugural meeting of the College Corporation was held at Newport. Governor Stephen Hopkins was chosen chancellor, former and future governor Samuel Ward was vice chancellor, John Tillinghast treasurer, the Charter stipulated that the Board of Trustees be composed of 22 Baptists, five Quakers, five Episcopalians, and four Congregationalists. Of the 12 Fellows, eight should be Baptists—including the College president—and the rest indifferently of any or all Denominations, the Charter was not the grant of King George III, as is sometimes supposed, but rather an Act of the colonial General Assembly. In two particulars, the Charter may be said to be a uniquely progressive document, the oft-repeated statement is inaccurate that Browns Charter alone prohibited a religious test for College membership, other college charters were also liberal in that particular
4.
Hermione Granger
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Hermione Jean Granger is a fictional character in J. K. Rowlings Harry Potter series. She first appears in Harry Potter and the Philosophers Stone, as a new student on her way to Hogwarts. After Harry and Ron save her from a troll in the girls toilets, she becomes best friends with them and often uses her quick wit, deft recall. Rowling has stated that Hermione resembles herself at an age, with her insecurity. Hermione Jean Granger is a Muggle-born, Gryffindor student who becomes best friends with Harry Potter, Rowling states that she was born on 19 September 1979 and she was nearly twelve when she first attended Hogwarts. She is an overachiever who excels academically, and is described by Rowling as a logical, upright. Rowling adds that Hermiones parents, two Muggle dentists, are a bit bemused by their odd daughter but very proud of her all the same and they are well aware of the wizarding world and have visited Diagon Alley with her. Rowling confirmed in a 2004 interview that Hermione is an only child, Rowling has described the character of Luna Lovegood as the anti-Hermione as they are so different. Hermiones foil at Hogwarts is Pansy Parkinson, a based on real-life girls who teased the author during her school days. Rowling stated that the character of Hermione carries several autobiographical influences, I did not set out to make Hermione like me but she is. she is an exaggeration of how I was when I was younger. She recalled being called a little know-it-all in her youth, moreover, she states that not unlike herself, there is a lot of insecurity and a great fear of failure beneath Hermiones swottiness. Rowling also states that her feminist conscience is saved by Hermione and her original last name was Puckle, but Rowling felt the name did not suit her at all, and so the less frivolous Granger made it into the books. Hermione first appears in Harry Potter and the Philosophers Stone when she meets Harry, here Hermione condemns Ron for his inability to perform a spell to turn his rat yellow. She proves just how much she knows by declaring that she memorized all the textbooks by heart and she constantly annoys her peers with her knowledge, so Harry and Ron initially consider her arrogant, especially after she criticises Rons incantation of the Levitation Charm. They heartily dislike her until they rescue her from a troll, for which she is so thankful that she lies to them from punishment. Hermione is the brains behind the plan to enter the place where the Stone is hidden and she responds to Harrys wariness of Professor Severus Snape and is also suspicious of him. She reveals to Harry and Ron that she does a lot of research in the library and she concocts the Polyjuice Potion needed for the trio to disguise themselves as Dracos housemates to collect information about the Heir of Slytherin who has reopened the Chamber of Secrets. Hermione is Petrified by the basilisk after successfully identifying the creature through library research, though she lies incapacitated in the hospital wing, her information is crucial to Harry and Ron in their successful mission to solve the mystery of the Chamber of Secrets
5.
Harry Potter (film series)
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Harry Potter is a British-American film series based on the Harry Potter novels by author J. K. Rowling. A spin-off prequel series will consist of five films, starting with Fantastic Beasts, the Fantastic Beasts films mark the beginning of a shared media franchise known as J. K. Rowlings Wizarding World. The series was produced by David Heyman, and stars Daniel Radcliffe, Rupert Grint. Four directors worked on the series, Chris Columbus, Alfonso Cuarón, Mike Newell, the screenplays were written by Steve Kloves, with the exception of Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix, which was written by Michael Goldenberg. Production took over ten years to complete, with the story arc following Harry Potters quest to overcome his arch-enemy Lord Voldemort. Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows, the seventh and final novel in the series, was adapted into two feature-length parts, Part 1 was released in November 2010, and Part 2 was released in July 2011. Without inflation adjustment, it is the second highest-grossing film series with $8.5 billion in worldwide receipts, late in 1997, film producer David Heymans London offices received a copy of the first book in what would become Rowlings series of seven Harry Potter novels. The book, Harry Potter and the Philosophers Stone, was relegated to a low-priority bookshelf, consequently, Heyman, who had originally disliked the rubbish title, read the book himself. Highly impressed by Rowlings work, he began the process led to one of the most successful cinematic franchises of all time. Heymans enthusiasm led to Rowlings 1999 sale of the rights for the first four Harry Potter books to Warner Bros. for a reported £1 million. Although Steven Spielberg initially negotiated to direct the first film, he declined the offer, Spielberg wanted the adaptation to be an animated film, with American actor Haley Joel Osment to provide Harry Potters voice. Spielberg contended that, in his opinion, there was every expectation of profit in making the film and he claims that making money would have been like shooting ducks in a barrel. Its just like withdrawing a billion dollars and putting it into your personal bank accounts, petersen and Reiner both pulled out of the running in March 2000. It was then narrowed down to Columbus, Gilliam, Parker, Rowlings first choice was Terry Gilliam. Harry Potter is the kind of literary achievement that comes around once in a lifetime. Since the books have generated such a following across the world. I cant think of anyone more ideally suited for this job than Chris, Steve Kloves was selected to write the screenplay for the first film. He described adapting the book as tough since it did not lend itself to adaptation as well as the two books
6.
Belle (Disney)
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Belle is a fictional character who appears in Walt Disney Pictures 30th animated feature film Beauty and the Beast. Originally voiced by American actress and singer Paige OHara, Belle is the daughter of an eccentric inventor. Belle yearns to abandon her predictable village life in return for adventure, Walt Disney Studios chairman Jeffrey Katzenberg commissioned Beauty and the Beast as an animated musical with a strong heroine and hired first-time screenwriter Linda Woolverton to write it. Basing her on the heroine of Jeanne-Marie Leprince de Beaumonts fairy tale Beauty, however, the story artists and animators often disagreed with Woolvertons liberated vision for the character. Several additional Hollywood actresses inspired Belles appearance, including Natalie Wood, Elizabeth Taylor, Belle has garnered widespread acclaim from film critics who appreciated the characters bravery, intelligence and independence. Reception towards her feminism, however, has more mixed. The fifth Disney Princess, Belle is often ranked among the franchises best, also one of Disneys most iconic characters, Belle was the only animated heroine nominated for the American Film Institutes greatest heroes in film ranking. The character also appears in the films several sequels and spin-offs, American actress Susan Egan originated the role of Belle in the Broadway musical adaptation of the film, for which she was nominated for a Tony Award for Best Actress in a Musical. Emma Watson plays a version of the character in a 2017 live action adaptation of the original 1991 film. However, the project was abandoned due to the fairy tales static plot. The filmmaker was also concerned about the intensity required to depict Belle imprisoned. Inspired by the success of The Little Mermaid, Disney chairman Jeffrey Katzenberg green-lit another attempt at adapting Beauty. Opting instead for a feminist twist on the story, Katzenberg hired television writer Linda Woolverton, before Beauty and the Beast, Disneys tradition of depicting female characters as victims had already long been established. The fact that Belle was hardly depicted as a feminist in earlier versions of the film became a point of contention among the filmmakers. Despite the fact that Disney wanted Beauty and the Beast to resemble an old-fashioned film, Woolverton strongly believed that contemporary audiences would not identify with Belle unless she was updated appropriately, and thus evolved the character into a woman of the 90s. Similarly, story artist Brenda Chapman drew influence from Hepburns on-screen bickering with actor Spencer Tracy during the scene in which Belle tends to the Beasts wounds. Animator Mark Henn observed that, unlike Ariel, Belle does not fall in love at first sight, Woolverton also eliminated the subplot of Belle asking her father for a rose. Despite constant regressive re-writes, Woolvertons overall vision for Belle generally remained intact, Beauty and the Beasts story department was predominantly male, a time during which few women were involved
7.
Oxfordshire
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Oxfordshire is a county in South East England bordering on Warwickshire, Northamptonshire, Buckinghamshire, Berkshire, Wiltshire and Gloucestershire. The county has major education and tourist industries and is noted for the concentration of performance companies and facilities. Oxford University Press is the largest firm among a concentration of print and publishing firms, the main centre of population is the city of Oxford. The highest point is White Horse Hill, in the Vale of White Horse, oxfordshires county flower is the Snakes-head Fritillary. Historically the area has always had some importance, since it contains valuable agricultural land in the centre of the county, largely ignored by the Romans, it was not until the formation of a settlement at Oxford in the eighth century that the area grew in importance. Alfred the Great was born across the Thames in Wantage, Vale of White Horse, the University of Oxford was founded in 1096, though its collegiate structure did not develop until later on. The university in the county town of Oxford grew in importance during the Middle Ages, the area was part of the Cotswolds wool trade from the 13th century, generating much wealth, particularly in the western portions of the county in the Oxfordshire Cotswolds. Morris Motors was founded in Oxford in 1912, bringing industry to an otherwise agricultural county. The importance of agriculture as an employer has declined rapidly in the 20th century though, nonetheless, Oxfordshire remains a very agricultural county by land use, with a lower population than neighbouring Berkshire and Buckinghamshire, which are both smaller. The Oxfordshire and Buckinghamshire Light Infantry, the army unit in the area, was based at Cowley Barracks on Bullingdon Green. Conversely, the Caversham area of Reading, now administratively in Berkshire, was part of Oxfordshire as was the parish of Stokenchurch. This is a chart of trend of gross value added of Oxfordshire at current basic prices published by the Office for National Statistics with figures in millions of British Pounds Sterling. Oxfordshire has a comprehensive education system with 23 independent schools and 35 state secondary schools. Only eight schools do not have a form, these are mostly in South Oxfordshire. The county has two universities, the ancient University of Oxford and the modern Oxford Brookes University, both located in Oxford, in addition, Wroxton College, located in Banbury, is affiliated with Fairleigh Dickinson University of New Jersey. The dreaming spires of the buildings of the University of Oxford are among the reasons for Oxford being the sixth most visited city in the United Kingdom for international visitors. Among many notable University buildings are the Sheldonian Theatre, built 1664–68 to the design of Sir Christopher Wren, Blenheim Palace close to Woodstock was built by the great architect John Vanbrugh for John Churchill, 1st Duke of Marlborough, after he had won the battle of Blenheim. The gardens, which can be visited, were designed by the landscape gardener Capability Brown, in the palace, which can also be visited by the public, Sir Winston Churchill was born in 1874
8.
Dragon School
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The Dragon School is one school on two sites based in Oxford, England, UK. The Prep School and Dragon Pre-Prep are both co-educational schools based in Oxford, the Dragon Prep School founded in 1877 as the Oxford Preparatory School is one of Englands best known boarding schools, although it also takes day pupils. Originally established as a school, girls were first admitted as boarders in 1994. The schools core ethos is that children learn naturally in the right learning environment. There are few formal rules but strong values of kindness, courage, teaching started in September 1877 at rooms in Balliol Hall, located in St Giles, central Oxford, under A. E. Clarke. The school expanded and moved two years to 17 Crick Road, which became known as School House. Charles Cotterill Lynam took over as headmaster in 1886, Lynam took out a lease on land at the current site at Bardwell Road. £4,000 was quickly raised through subscriptions from local parents for the erection of new school buildings, and the move was completed within a year. The school was known as Oxford Preparatory School and also Lynams, the present site in Bardwell Road in central North Oxford is just to the west of the River Cherwell. It became the school to take part in the Harrow History Prize in 1895, and many of its pupils have won this over the years. The school was run for years by the Lynam family. The following have been headmasters of the school, several from the Lynam family, the following people were students at one time, The Dragon School website
9.
Oxford
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Oxford is a city in the South East region of England and the county town of Oxfordshire. With an estimated 2015 population of 168,270, it is the 52nd largest city in the United Kingdom, the city is situated 57 miles from London,69 miles from Bristol,65 miles from both Southampton and Birmingham and 25 miles from Reading. The city is known worldwide as the home of the University of Oxford, buildings in Oxford demonstrate notable examples of every English architectural period since the late Saxon period. Oxford is known as the city of dreaming spires, a term coined by poet Matthew Arnold, Oxford has a broad economic base. Its industries include motor manufacturing, education, publishing and a number of information technology and science-based businesses. Oxford was first settled in Saxon times and was known as Oxenaforda, meaning Ford of the Oxen. It began with the establishment of a crossing for oxen around AD900. In the 10th century, Oxford became an important military frontier town between the kingdoms of Mercia and Wessex and was on several occasions raided by Danes, Oxford was heavily damaged during the Norman Invasion of 1066. Following the conquest, the town was assigned to a governor, Robert DOyly, the castle has never been used for military purposes and its remains survive to this day. DOyly set up a community in the castle consisting of a chapel. The community never grew large but it earned its place in history as one of Britains oldest places of formal education and it was there that in 1139 Geoffrey of Monmouth wrote his History of the Kings of Britain, a compilation of Arthurian legends. Mary at Oseney and to the canons serving God in that place and we have made this concession and confirmation in the Common council of the City and we have confirmed it with our common seal. These are those who have made this concession and confirmation, a grandson of King John established Rewley Abbey for the Cistercian Order, and friars of various orders all had houses of varying importance at Oxford. Parliaments were often held in the city during the 13th century, the Provisions of Oxford were instigated by a group of barons led by Simon de Montfort, these documents are often regarded as Englands first written constitution. Richard I of England and John, King of England the sons of Henry II of England, were born at Beaumont Palace in Oxford, on 8 September 1157 and 24 December 1166 respectively. A plaque in Beaumont Street commemorates these events, the University of Oxford is first mentioned in 12th century records. Of the hundreds of Aularian houses that sprang up across the city, what put an end to the halls was the emergence of colleges. Oxfords earliest colleges were University College, Balliol and Merton and these colleges were established at a time when Europeans were starting to translate the writings of Greek philosophers
10.
Accolade
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The accolade was the central act in the rite of passage ceremonies conferring knighthood in the Middle Ages. From about 1852, the accolade was used much more generally to mean praise or award or honor. Accolade was first used in 1611 and is French, from the Occitan acolada and this, in turn, came from the Latin ad + collum and in Occitan originally meant embrace. Accolade is akin to dubbing or to dub since the tap on the shoulder with the sword is accepted to be the point at which the title is awarded, the accolade is a ceremony to confer knighthood. It may take many forms, including the tapping of the side of a sword on the shoulders of a candidate or an embrace about the neck. In the first example, the knight-elect kneels in front of the monarch on a knighting-stool, first, the monarch lays the side of the swords blade onto the accolades right shoulder. The monarch then raises the sword gently just up over the apprentices head, the new knight then stands up, and the king or queen presents him with the insignia of his new order. Contrary to popular belief, the phrase Arise, Sir. is not used, there is some disagreement among historians on the actual ceremony and in what time period certain methods could have been used. It could have been an embrace or a blow on the neck or cheek. Gregory of Tours wrote that the kings of France, in conferring the gilt shoulder-belt. In knighting his son Henry, with the ceremony of the accolade, the blow, or colée, when first utilized was given with a bare fist, a stout box on the ear. This was later substituted for by a stroke with the flat part of the sword against the side of the neck. This then developed into the custom of tapping on either the right or left shoulder, or both, which is still the tradition in Great Britain today. An early Germanic coming-of-age ceremony, of presenting a youth with a weapon that was buckled on him, was elaborated in the 10th and 11th centuries as a sign that the minor had come of age. Initially this was a rite often performed on the battlefield. A panel in the Bayeux Tapestry shows the knighting of Harold by William of Normandy, some words that might be spoken at that moment were Advances Chevalier au nom de Dieu. In medieval France, early ceremonies of the adoubement were purely secular, around 1200, these ceremonies began to include elements of Christian ritual. The process of becoming a knight generally included these stages, Page — A child started training at about the age of seven or eight, learning obedience, manners, squire — At twelve to fourteen the young man would observe and help other knights
11.
Ballet Shoes (film)
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Ballet Shoes is a 2007 British television film, adapted by Heidi Thomas from Noel Streatfeilds 1936 novel Ballet Shoes. It was produced by Granada Productions and premiered on BBC One on 26 December 2007 and it is directed by Sandra Goldbacher. A previous adaptation of Ballet Shoes was produced in serial format by the BBC in 1975, Ballet Shoes co-stars former Harry Potter stars Emma Watson as Pauline Fossil, Gemma Jones as Dr. Jakes, and the late Richard Griffiths as Gum. A practical young orphan, Sylvia Brown, and her stern nurse Nana come to live at her uncle Gums house in London, Gum is a paleontologist and is reluctant to take his niece in, but relents when he learns that he is her only living relative. Gum is away a lot on travels collecting fossils, but he sends Sylvia letters and presents, years later Sylvia is now grown up and still living with Gum and Nana. Gum brings her back a baby girl, who has been rescued from RMS Titanic after her parents drown when the ship hit an iceberg. When Pauline is two years old, Gum adopts another orphan that he found, a Russian baby girl called Petrova, Petrovas biological parents are tragically killed. In 1923, Gum adopts a baby, Posy, with ballet shoes that her mother owned. In a letter Gum explains that Posys father died and her mother doesnt have time to care for her daughter and he also left some money in the bank for Sylvia, enough to last five years. That is the last the family hears of him, during The Great Depression Pauline and Petrova go to school at Cromwell House, but Sylvia cant afford to send Posy. As Gums money runs out, Sylvia has to take out Pauline, Pauline, Petrova and Posy are inspired by the professors to put their names in the history books giving service to their country. They vow to do that, and repeat the vow every Christmas, Theo tells Sylvia to let the girls train at The Childrens Academy of Dancing and Stage Training, a stage school. Sylvia and Nana refuse, but after talking with Theo, Dr. Smith, meanwhile, Dr. Smith and Dr. Jakes start to teach Pauline, Petrova, and Posy. Soon Pauline is old enough to act on stage and audition for the role of Alice in Alice in Wonderland and she loans Gums necklaces to Mr. Simpson for money for a frock to wear, and will pay him back with her wages. Pauline gets the part, and does well as Alice. She gives thirty shillings to Sylvia for housekeeping money, but the role goes to Paulines head and shes rude to Winifred, her understudy. Pauline ends up losing her temper at Mr. French, the director, and since shes been rude Pauline is kicked out of the play, Posy, noticed by Madame Fidolia, the owner of the school, is very talented at ballet. Madame Fidolia now teaches her classical ballet only, however Petrova hates dancing and would much rather work with cars and fly planes
12.
Ballet Shoes (novel)
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Ballet Shoes, a story of three children on the stage is a childrens novel by Noel Streatfeild, published by Dent in 1936. It was her first book for children, and was illustrated by the authors sister, Ballet Shoes was a commended runner up for the inaugural Carnegie Medal from the Library Association, recognising the years best British childrens book by a British subject. The book concerns three adopted sisters, Pauline, Petrova and Posy Fossil, Gum embarks upon an expedition of many years and arranges for money to support the family while he is gone. Gum does not return in the five years and the money is almost gone. Posy has a talent for dancing. When she is six, Madame Fidolia, a famous and retired Russian dancer, gives Posy private lessons. As the children mature, they take on some of the responsibility of supporting the household, when Pauline is picked for a lead part, the early success goes to her head, because of which the producer replaces her with her understudy. Through this, Pauline learns enough humility to balance her talent, Posy is developing into a brilliant ballet dancer. She also clashes with her sisters, as she is so focused on dancing that she is insensitive about anything that gets in her way. Petrova is not interested in the arts and has little talent for it but must keep attending classes. However, she holds onto her own dream of flying airplanes, the book ends with Pauline going off to Hollywood to make a film, accompanied by Sylvia. Posy is going to a school in Prague, accompanied by Nana. Petrova wonders what will become of her, as she is too young to live on her own. Gum Great-Uncle Matthew Brown, an elderly geologist and Professor, who finds the three sisters during his travels, Gum is Sylvias great uncle and later guardian after her parents die. Sylvia Brown Gums great-niece, known to the girls as Garnie, Sylvia is a practical and caring woman. Sylvias father died at the beginning of the book and she, when Sylvia was 16 her mother died. Nana Alice Gutheridge, Sylvias stern nurse, called Nana by family and friends alike. Pauline Fossil The eldest sister by two years, rescued from the Titanic shipwreck, a talented actress and a great beauty, with an independent, bumptious streak
13.
The Tale of Despereaux (film)
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The Tale of Despereaux is a 2008 British-American computer-animated adventure fantasy family film directed by Sam Fell and Robert Stevenhagen and produced by Gary Ross and Allison Thomas. Macy, Emma Watson and Tracey Ullman and it was released on December 19,2008 by Universal Pictures. The movie is the second theatrically released computer-animated film distributed by Universal Studios and it was also produced by Universal Animation Studios, Framestore Feature Animation and Relativity Media. The film grossed $86,947,965 on a $60 million budget, sailor Pietro and his rat companion Roscuro dock in the kingdom of Dor, famous around the world for its delicious soups, during the Royal Soup Day. The chief cook, Andre, makes good soup due to Boldo, enchanted by the smell of the delicious soup, Roscuro slips away and ends up in the royal banquet hall, on a chandelier above the royal familys table. He slips and falls into the Queens soup, giving her such a fright that she has a heart attack, the entire hall goes into a panic, as the guards pursue Roscuro. He attempts to flee the castle, but sees Pietros ship has sailed away. It leads to the dungeons, where hes found and taken in by Botticelli. Distraught over his wifes death, the king forbids any and all things soup related, without its soup, Dor becomes impoverished and dreary. Andre is banned from making any more soup and Boldo stops appearing, the kings daughter, Princess Pea, despairs over the sad state of the kingdom and how her father has shut the entire world out, even her, in his grief. In a mouse village in the castles abandoned kitchen storage room, as he grows up, it becomes obvious Despereauxs not like other mice, he isnt meek and timid, but brave and curious, unnerving his family, friends, and school teachers. He becomes fascinated by books about daring knights and trapped princesses. One day while reading, he comes across Princess Pea and the two speak and she makes him promise to finish reading the story about the princess so he may tell her how it ends. Upon discovering Despereaux has violated law by talking to a human. The council banishes Despereaux to the dungeons, there he is captured by the rats and thrown into their arena with a cat. As hes about to be eaten, Roscuro saves his life by requesting Botticelli give Despereaux to him to eat, having been unable to adjust to being a sewer rat, Roscuro is desperate to hear about the outside world. The two become friends, as every day Despereaux tells him the stories and of the princess, hoping to make amends for all the trouble hes caused, Roscuro sneaks up to Princess Peas room and tries to apologize, but shes frightened by him and lashes out. Hurt by this, Roscuro decides he wants Pea to hurt just as much as he does, after Mig drags Pea down to the dungeons, Roscuro double-crosses her and locks her in a cell
14.
My Week with Marilyn
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My Week with Marilyn is a 2011 British drama film directed by Simon Curtis and written by Adrian Hodges. It stars Michelle Williams, Kenneth Branagh, Eddie Redmayne, Dominic Cooper, Julia Ormond, Emma Watson, based on two books by Colin Clark, it depicts the making of the 1957 film The Prince and the Showgirl, which starred Marilyn Monroe and Laurence Olivier. The film focuses on the week during the shooting of the 1957 film when Monroe was escorted around London by Colin, principal photography began on 4 October 2010, at Pinewood Studios. Filming took place at Saltwood Castle, White Waltham Airfield, and on locations in, Curtis also used the same studio in which Monroe had shot The Prince and the Showgirl in 1956. My Week with Marilyn had its premiere at the New York Film Festival on 9 October 2011. The film was released on 23 November 2011, in the United States, following his graduation from university in 1956, aspiring filmmaker Colin Clark travels to London to get a job on Laurence Oliviers next production. Production manager Hugh Perceval tells Colin that there are no jobs available, but he decides to wait for Olivier, whom he once met at a party. Olivier and his wife, Vivien Leigh, eventually show up and Vivien encourages Olivier to give Colin a job on his upcoming film The Prince and the Showgirl, starring Marilyn Monroe. Colins first task is to find a place for Marilyn and her husband, Arthur Miller. The press discover the house, but Colin reveals he secured a house just in case, impressing Olivier and Marilyns publicist. The paparazzi find out about Marilyns arrival at Heathrow and they gather around the plane when it lands, Marilyn brings Arthur, her business partner, Milton H. Greene, and her acting coach, Paula Strasberg, with her. Marilyn initially is uncomfortable around the photographers, but relaxes at the press conference. Olivier becomes frustrated when Marilyn is late to the read-through and she insists Paula sit with her, and when she has trouble with her lines, Paula reads them for her. The crew and the actors, including Sybil Thorndike, are in awe of Marilyn. Colin meets Lucy, an assistant to whom he is attracted. Marilyn starts arriving later to the set and often forgets her lines, however, Sybil praises Marilyn and defends her when Olivier tries to get her to apologise for holding the shoot up. Marilyn struggles to understand her character and leaves the set when Olivier insults her, Colin asks Olivier to be more sympathetic towards Marilyn, before he goes to Parkside House to check on her. He hears an argument and finds a tearful Marilyn sitting on the stairs with Arthurs notebook, Arthur later returns to the United States
15.
The Perks of Being a Wallflower (film)
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The Perks of Being a Wallflower is a 2012 American coming-of-age, drama film. An adaptation of the 1999 epistolary novel of the name, it was written and directed by the novels author. Filmed in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, the film was released on September 21,2012, to positive response and commercial success. The film stars Logan Lerman, Emma Watson and Ezra Miller and this is one of the three films from John Malkovich, Lianne Halfon and Russell Smiths Mr. Mudd Productions that feature struggling teenagers, the other two are Ghost World and Juno. Charlie is uneasy about beginning his freshman year of school, he is shy and finds difficulty in making friends. When he sits with two seniors, Sam and her stepbrother Patrick, at a game, they invite him to tag along to several social activities with them. At a party, Charlie unwittingly eats a cannabis brownie, gets high and discloses to Sam that the year before and he also walks in on Patrick and Brad, a popular athlete, kissing. Sam realizes that Charlie has no other friends so she and Patrick make an effort to bring Charlie into their group. Sam needs to improve her SAT scores to be accepted to Pennsylvania State University, at Christmas, Sam gives Charlie a vintage typewriter to help his aspirations of being a writer. The two discuss relationships, and Charlie reveals he has never been kissed, Sam, though already involved with someone else, tells Charlie she wants his first kiss to be from someone who loves him, and kisses him. Charlie, in love with Sam, begins to try to find ways to show her how he feels, at a regular Rocky Horror Picture Show performance, Charlie is asked to fill in for Sams boyfriend Craig, who is unavailable. Their friend Mary Elizabeth is impressed and asks Charlie to the Sadie Hawkins dance, the two enter into a desultory relationship. Finally, at a party, when Charlie is dared to kiss the most beautiful girl in the room, he chooses Sam, Patrick recommends Charlie stay away from the group for a while, and the isolation causes him to sink back into depression. He experiences flashbacks of his Aunt Helen, who died in a car accident when he was seven years old. When Brad shows up at school with a black eye having been caught by his father having sex with Patrick, he lies, saying that he was jumped, Brad distances himself from Patrick, calling him a faggot. Brads friends begin beating Patrick, but Charlie forcefully intervenes, then blacks out and he recovers to find he has bruised knuckles and Brads friends are on the floor, incapacitated. Charlie threatens, Touch my friends again, and Ill blind you, Sam and Patrick express their gratitude to Charlie, and the three become friends again. Sam is accepted into Penn State, and breaks up with Craig on prom night after learning he has been cheating on her
16.
The Bling Ring
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The Bling Ring is a 2013 internationally co-produced satirical crime film written, directed and produced by Sofia Coppola. It features an ensemble cast including newcomers Israel Broussard, Katie Chang and it is based on an article, The Suspects Wore Louboutins by Nancy Jo Sales, which dealt with a real-life gang known as the Bling Ring. The film had its premiere in the Un Certain Regard section of the 2013 Cannes Film Festival on May 16,2013. It was released in a release on June 14, before opening in a wide release on June 21,2013 by A24 Films. The Bling Ring represents the work of cinematographer Harris Savides. The film is dedicated to him, quiet teenager Marc Hall arrives as a new student at Indian Hills High School in Agoura Hills, California. He is befriended by fame-obsessed Rebecca Ahn, while at a party at Rebeccas house, the pair check unlocked vehicles on the street, taking valuables such as cash and credit cards. When Marc mentions that one of his acquaintances is out of town. Rebecca steals a handbag, mentioning that her idol, Lindsay Lohan, has the same one and she also steals cash and the keys to a Porsche, which the pair use to flee the scene. With the cash, the two go on a spree, affording themselves the luxury lifestyle they admire in magazines. Marc visits a nightclub with Rebecca and her friends Nicki, Nickis adopted sister Sam, and Chloe, while researching Hilton on the Internet, Marc and Rebecca realize that she will be out of town. The pair go to her house, and finding the key under the doormat, they go through Hiltons belongings, Rebecca then flaunts a stolen bracelet to Nicki, Sam, and Chloe at a party. At Nickis request, Rebecca and Marc take her, Sam, the group marvels at the excess of Hiltons lifestyle, and steals shoes, bags, dresses, cash, and jewelry. Marc and Rebecca return to rob Hiltons house on a third occasion, the pair also decides to rob the home of Audrina Patridge, once again using the Internet to determine when she will not be home. The entire group uses the method to burgle the home of Megan Fox. The group enters the home of Orlando Bloom and his girlfriend, the girls proceed to steal similar items, while Marc finds a case filled with seven of Blooms Rolex watches along with a roll of cash. Chloe then helps Marc sell the watches to her friend, a club manager named Ricky. The group returns once again to Hiltons house, with Sams boyfriend Rob, a news report releases captured CCTV footage from the robbery at Patridges home
17.
This Is the End
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The story features real life actors playing fictionalized versions of themselves in the aftermath of a global biblical apocalypse. The film premiered at the Fox Village Theater on June 3,2013 and was released in the United States on June 14,2013 by Columbia Pictures, the film grossed $126 million on a $32 million budget. Jay Baruchel arrives in Los Angeles to visit with old friend and fellow actor Seth Rogen, Baruchel is uncomfortable at the crowded party, so Rogen accompanies him to a convenience store for cigarettes. There, beams of light come down and suck numerous people into the sky. Rogen and Baruchel flee back to Francos house, where an earthquake strikes, a large hole opens in Francos yard, swallowing Michael Cera, Rihanna, Mindy Kaling, Jason Segel, Christopher Mintz-Plasse and Martin Starr. Rogen, Franco, Jonah Hill and Craig Robinson survive and run back inside the house, Francos assistant Karen gets accidentally crushed by Paul Rudd. Aziz Ansari gets his arm cut off and falls into the sinkhole, kevin Hart tries to get Ansaris arm off, but he also falls into the sinkhole. Baruchel tries to help David Krumholtz escape the sinkhole, but he falls into the sinkhole. Baruchel escapes the sinkhole and also back to the house. They take inventory of their supplies, set up a ration system, the next morning, Danny McBride, also in the house and unaware of the crisis, wastes much of their food and water. The others tell him of the nights events, which he initially does not believe until a man outside is decapitated as they watch. Later, Emma Watson, another survivor of the party, returns, however, due to a misunderstanding, she believes the group is planning to rape her and leaves, taking the groups remaining drinks with her. Robinson is chosen to travel outside to the basement for water, the experience causes Robinson to believe Baruchels theory that the Apocalypse has arrived. The guys reach the basement by digging through the floor, and find the water, before he leaves, McBride reveals that Baruchel was in town two months prior but stayed at a hotel, instead of at Rogens house, because of their strained friendship. Hill makes a remark that annoys Baruchel, causing him to punch Hill, later that night, Hill prays for Baruchel to die, but is possessed by a demon shortly after. The next day, Baruchel and Robinson go to a home for supplies. Meanwhile, Rogen and Franco are attacked by the possessed Hill, the group subdues Hill, but during an exorcism attempt, Baruchel and Rogen get into a fight and knock a candle over. A fire starts, engulfing Hill and the house in flames, Franco suggests taking his car to his home in Malibu, but finds the car guarded by a demon
18.
Noah (2014 film)
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Noah is a 2014 American epic biblical drama film co-written and directed by Darren Aronofsky, written by Ari Handel, and inspired by the story of Noahs Ark from the Book of Genesis. The film stars Russell Crowe as Noah, along with Jennifer Connelly, Emma Watson, Ray Winstone, Logan Lerman, Douglas Booth and Anthony Hopkins. The film was released in North American theaters on March 28,2014, in 2D and IMAX, while several countries released a version of the converted to 3D. Noah received generally positive reviews critics and grossed over $362 million worldwide. As a young boy, Noah witnesses his father, Lamech, many years later, an adult Noah is living with his wife Naameh and their sons Shem, Ham, and Japheth. After seeing a flower grow instantly from the ground and being haunted by dreams of a great flood and they encounter a group of people recently killed and take in and adopt the lone survivor, a girl named Ila as their daughter. Noah and his family are chased by the murderers and seek refuge with the fallen angels known as the Watchers, Methuselah gives Noah a seed from Eden and tells Noah that he was chosen for a reason. Returning to his tent that night, Noah plants the seed in the ground, the Watchers arrive the next morning and debate whether they should help Noah until they see water spout from the spot where Noah planted the seed. Once a forest grows instantly, the Watchers agree to help Noah, after birds fly to the ark, Tubal-cain arrives with his followers and confronts Noah. Noah defies Tubal-cain and remarks that there is no escape for the line of Cain, Tubal-cain retreats and decides to build weapons to defeat the Watchers and take the ark. As the ark nears completion, animals of various species enter the ark and are put to sleep with incense, back at the ark, he tells his family that he will not seek wives for his younger sons. After the flood, they will be the last humans and there will be no new human generations, devastated that he will be alone his entire life, Ham runs into the forest. Naameh begs Noah to reconsider but, when he will not, later, in the forest, Ila encounters Methuselah who cures her infertility. Meanwhile, Ham, searching for a wife on his own, after it starts raining, Tubal-cain becomes angry that he was not chosen to be saved and incites his followers to make a run for the ark. Noah finds Ham in the forest and forces Ham to save himself, Noahs family enter the ark except for Methuselah, who remains in the forest and is swept away by the rushing waters just after he has found berries to eat. The Watchers hold off Tubal-cain and his followers as long as possible, as the flood drowns the remaining humans, an injured Tubal-cain climbs onto the ark and solicits Ham, playing on anger toward Noah for allowing Nael to die. Ila discovers that she is pregnant as the stop and begs the Creator to let the child live. Noah interprets the ending of the rain to mean he must ensure the extinction of humans and, against his wifes protests, resolves that, if the child is a girl, he will kill her
19.
Regression (film)
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Regression is a 2015 Canadian-Spanish-American psychological thriller horror film directed, produced and written by Alejandro Amenábar. The film stars Ethan Hawke and Emma Watson with David Thewlis, Lothaire Bluteau, Dale Dickey, David Dencik, Peter MacNeill, Devon Bostick, the film had its world premiere at the San Sebastián International Film Festival on September 18,2015. The film takes place in Minnesota, in 1990, Detective Bruce Kenner investigates the case of John Gray, who admits to sexually abusing his 17-year-old daughter Angela but has no recollection of the abuse. They seek the help of Professor Kenneth Raines to use recovered-memory therapy on John Gray to retrieve his memories and they detain him but fail to find evidence against him. Detectives suspect a satanic cult is involved, based on the testimony of Angela, Bruce and Kenneth meet Angelas estranged brother Roy Gray to inquire about why he left the house. Using the regression technique on him, he recalls hooded figures entering his room while he was young, Bruce and Kenneth suspect Roys grandmother, Rose Gray, has some involvement but find nothing after a search of her house. Meanwhile, Bruce begins having nightmares involving satanic rituals, Angela tells him that the cult is out to kill her as she has shown her demonic mark to him and that he is in danger as well. She tells him that her mother received miscellaneous calls and saw strange figures staring at her in the street before she met with an accident, Bruce starts to experience the same things and his nightmares increase in intensity. Rose jumps from the window of her house after seeing ghostly figures, Bruce meets Angela in the churchs cemetery to reassure her and after an emotional outburst, she kisses him. Shocked, Bruce leaves her there and returns to his home and he sees a soup advertisement on the street and recognizes the woman in it as the one he sees in his nightmares. He concludes that his imagination has run away with him and he tells Kenneth that all these past memories are induced by therapy and the whole situation is just the result of mass hysteria. Though the professor is initially resistant to the idea, he too comes to suspect that these memories were not real, Bruce is attacked by two hooded figures who finally reveal themselves as George and their colleague, Farrell. George was seeking revenge after Bruce detained him as a child molester, Bruce offers to forget the whole situation if George tells everything he knows. After George reveals things, Bruce confronts Angela about her abuse, finally Bruce concludes that she was fabricating everything from the beginning as she wanted to escape from her family, whom she thinks are responsible for her mothers death. She wanted to elope with George, as they had a relationship for some time. She accused her father in order to escape the house, when Bruce confronts her, she tells him that no one is going to believe him, especially if she tells them that they kissed in the cemetery. Bruce tells John everything but John decides to take the blame and pleads guilty in order to rescue Angela, the film ends with a statement that many cases like this were reported before the satanic abuse hysteria faded. On February 5,2014, Emma Watson also joined the film to co-star with Hawke, on March 25, David Dencik joined the cast of the film, he would play a man who is arrested in a Minnesota town for sexually abusing his daughter
20.
Worcester College, Oxford
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Worcester College /ˈwʊstər/ is one of the constituent colleges of the University of Oxford in England. The college was founded in 1714 by the benefaction of Sir Thomas Cookes and its predecessor, Gloucester College, had been an institution of learning on the same site since the late 13th century until the Dissolution of the Monasteries in 1539. As of July 2010, Worcester had an endowment of £16.7 million. After a lapse of 20 years, the buildings of the old Gloucester College were used in the foundation of Gloucester Hall and this was a going concern from 1699 to 1705, although only 15 Greeks are recorded as members. In 1714, thanks to a benefaction from a Worcestershire baronet, Sir Thomas Cookes. Even then, there were sufficient funds to rebuild the Chapel, Hall and Library. The designs were by Dr. George Clarke, who had consulted Nicholas Hawksmoor, in 1736, Clarke generously left to the College his great collection of books and manuscripts. These included the papers of his father William Clarke and a proportion of the surviving drawings of Inigo Jones. Owing to lack of funds, Worcesters eighteenth-century building programme proceeded by fits and starts, the west end of the Terrace and the Provosts Lodgings were added in 1773–76. In more recent years new residential blocks for undergraduates and graduates have been added. The latest of these include the Earl building, Sainsbury Building, Linbury Building, Canal Building, Ruskin Lane Building, and the Franks Building. A modern addition to Worcester College, the Canal Building, sits next to the entrance to the college and, as the name suggests. It houses 50 students in large single rooms. The accommodation is usually reserved for third and fourth year undergraduates, the College Chapel was built in the 18th century. Dr George Clarke, Henry Keene and James Wyatt were responsible for different stages of its lengthy construction, the interior columns and pilasters, the dome and the delicate foliage plastering are all Wyatts work. His classical interior was insufficiently emphatic for the tastes of militant Victorian churchmen and its stained glass windows were to have been designed by John Everett Millais, but Burges rejected his designs and entrusted the work to Henry Holiday. Oscar Wilde said of the Chapel, As a piece of decorative and beautiful art it is perfect. Worcester is unique among the Oxford colleges in that it has not one, there is a mixed-voice choir constituted of auditioned choral scholars and volunteers, which sings twice a week, weekly on Thursday and on alternating Sunday and Monday evenings
21.
Bachelor's degree
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A bachelors degree or baccalaureate is an undergraduate academic degree awarded by colleges and universities upon completion of a course of study lasting three to seven years. In some institutions and educational systems, some bachelors degrees can only be taken as graduate or postgraduate degrees after a first degree has been completed. The term bachelor in the 12th century referred to a knight bachelor, by the end of the 13th century, it was also used by junior members of guilds or universities. By folk etymology or wordplay, the word came to be associated with bacca lauri in reference to laurels being awarded for academic success or honours. An honours degree generally requires an academic standard than a pass degree. In most African countries, the university systems follow the model of their former colonizing power, for example, the Nigerian university system is similar to the British system, while the Ivorian system is akin to the French. The degree is typically identical to the program of Frances universities, bachelors degree programs cover most of the fields in Algerian universities, except some fields, such as Medicine and Pharmaceutical Science. Bachelors degrees at the University of Botswana normally take four years, the system draws on both British and American models. Degrees are classified as First Class, Second Class Division One, Second Class Division Two and Third as in English degrees, but without being described as honours. The main degrees are named by British tradition, but in recent years there have been a numbers of degrees named after specific subjects, such as Bachelor of Library, in Morocco, a bachelors degree is referred to as al-ʾijāzah. The course of study takes three years, which are divided into two cycles. The first cycle comprises the first, or propaedeutic, year, after successfully completing their first two years, students can pursue either theoretical specialization or professional specialization. The second cycle is one long, after whose completion students receive the licence détudes fondamentales or the licence professionnelle. This academic degree system was introduced in September 2003, University admission is extremely competitive, with attendant advantages and disadvantages. Nonetheless, it takes four to five years to complete a bachelors degree, in cases of poor performance, the time limit is double the standard amount of time. For example, one may not study for more than 10 years for a five-year course, students are normally asked to leave if they must take longer. B. Arch. and other specialized undergraduate degrees, such as B. Eng, Science undergraduate degrees may require six months or a semester dedicated to SIWES but it is usually mandatory for all engineering degrees. A semester for project work/thesis is required, not excluding course work, the classifications of degrees, first-class, second-class, third-class and a pass
22.
English literature
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However, until the early 19th century, it only deals with the literature of the United Kingdom and Ireland. It does not include literature written in the languages of Britain. The English language has developed over the course of more than 1,400 years, the earliest forms of English, a set of Anglo-Frisian dialects brought to Great Britain by Anglo-Saxon settlers in the fifth century, are called Old English. Middle English began in the late 11th century with the Norman conquest of England, early Modern English began in the late 15th century with the introduction of the printing press to London and the King James Bible as well as the Great Vowel Shift. Through the influence of the British Empire, the English language has spread around the world since the 17th century. 450, after the withdrawal of the Romans, and ending soon after the Norman Conquest in 1066. These works include such as epic poetry, hagiography, sermons, Bible translations, legal works. In all there are about 400 surviving manuscripts from the period, the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle is a collection of annals in Old English, from the 9th century, that chronicle the history of the Anglo-Saxons. The poem Battle of Maldon also deals with history and this is a work of uncertain date, celebrating the Battle of Maldon of 991, at which the Anglo-Saxons failed to prevent a Viking invasion. Oral tradition was strong in early English culture and most literary works were written to be performed. Epic poems were popular, and some, including Beowulf, have survived to the present day. Beowulf is the most famous work in Old English, and has achieved national status in England. The only surviving manuscript is the Nowell Codex, the date of which is debated. Beowulf is the title, and its composition is dated between the 8th and the early 11th century. Cædmon is the earliest English poet whose name is known, and it is also one of the earliest recorded examples of sustained poetry in a Germanic language. The poem, The Dream of the Rood, was inscribed upon the Ruthwell Cross, Two Old English poems from the late 10th century are The Wanderer and The Seafarer. Classical antiquity was not forgotten in Anglo-Saxon England, and several Old English poems are adaptations of late classical philosophical texts, the longest is King Alfreds 9th-century translation of Boethius Consolation of Philosophy. After the Norman conquest of England in 1066, the form of the Anglo-Saxon language became less common. Under the influence of the new aristocracy, French became the language of courts, parliament
23.
Burberry
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Burberry Group, Inc. is a British luxury fashion house headquartered in London, England. Its main fashion house focuses on and distributes ready-to-wear outerwear, fashion accessories, fragrances, sunglasses, the first shop opened up in the Haymarket, London, in 1891. Burberry was an independent family controlled company until 1955, when it was reincorporated, the fashion house has dressed notable actors, world leaders, musicians, and athletes. Its distinctive check pattern has one of its most widely copied trademarks. Burberry is most famous for its trench coat, Burberry has branded stores and franchises around the world and sells through concessions in third-party stores. Christopher Bailey has been the CEO and Chief Creative Officer since 2014, the company is listed on the London Stock Exchange and is a constituent of the FTSE100 Index. In 2015, Burberry ranked 73rd in Interbrands Best Global Brands report, ahead of Ralph Lauren, Burberry has more than 500 stores in over 50 countries. Burberry was founded in 1856 when 21-year-old Thomas Burberry, a drapers apprentice, opened his own store in Basingstoke, Hampshire. By 1870, the business had established itself by focusing on the development of outdoors attire, in 1879, Burberry introduced in his brand the gabardine, a hardwearing, water-resistant yet breathable fabric, in which the yarn is waterproofed before weaving. Burberry was the name, but then the company soon switched to using the name Burberrys. In 1999, it reverted to its old name, Burberry, the name Burberrys of London is still visible on many older Burberry products. In 1891, Burberry opened a shop in the Haymarket, London, in 1901, the Burberry Equestrian Knight Logo was developed containing the Latin word Prorsum, meaning forwards, and later registered it as a trademark in 1909. In 1911 they became the outfitters for Roald Amundsen, the first man to reach the South Pole, and Ernest Shackleton, a Burberry gabardine jacket was worn by George Mallory on his attempt on Mount Everest in 1924. Adapted to meet the needs of military personnel, the coat was born during the First World War. After the war, the coat became popular with civilians. The iconic Burberry check has been in use since at least the 1920s, Burberry also specially designed aviation garments. In 1937, A. E. Clouston and Betty Kirby-Green broke the record for the fastest return flight from London to Cape Town in The Burberry plane – which was sponsored by the brand. Burberry was an independent family controlled company until 1955, when it was taken over by Great Universal Stores, stars of the modern world began wearing the Burberrys brand
24.
British Academy of Film and Television Arts
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The British Academy of Film and Television Arts is an independent charity that supports, develops and promotes the art forms of the moving image – film, television and game in the United Kingdom. David Lean was the founding Chairman of the Academy, the first Film Awards ceremony took place in May 1949 and honouring the films The Best Years of Our Lives, Odd Man Out and The World Is Rich. In 2005, it placed a cap on worldwide voting membership which now stands at approximately 6,500. BAFTA has offices in Scotland and Wales in the UK, in Los Angeles and New York in the United States and runs events in Hong Kong, amanda Berry OBE has been chief executive of the organisation since December 2000. Many of these events are free to online at BAFTA Guru. BAFTA runs a number of programmes across the UK, US. Launched in 2012, the UK programme enables talented British citizens who are in need of support to take an industry-recognised course in film. Each BAFTA Scholar receives up to £12,000 towards their annual course fees, since 2013, three students every year have received one of the Prince William Scholarships in Film, Television and Games, supported by BAFTA and Warner Bros. These scholarships are awarded in the name of in his role as President of BAFTA, since 2015, BAFTA has been offering scholarships for British citizens to study in China, vice versa. BAFTA presents awards for film, television and games, including entertainment, at a number of annual ceremonies across the UK and in Los Angeles. The BAFTA award trophy is a mask, designed by American sculptor Mitzi Cunliffe. Todays BAFTA award – including the mask and marble base – weighs 3.7 kg and measures 27 cm x 14 cm x 8 cm. BAFTAs annual film awards ceremony is known as the British Academy Film Awards, or the BAFTAs, in 1949 the British Film Academy, as it was then known, presented the first awards for films made in 1947 and 1948. Since 2008 the ceremony has held at the Royal Opera House in Londons Covent Garden. It had been held in the Odeon cinema on Leicester Square since 2000, the ceremony had been performed during April or May of each year, but since 2002 it has been held in February to precede the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences Academy Awards, or Oscars. They have been awarded annually since 1954, the first ever ceremony consisted of six categories. Until 1958, they were awarded by the Guild of Television Producers and Directors, from 1968 until 1997, BAFTAs Film and Television Awards were presented together, but from 1998 onwards they were presented at two separate ceremonies. The Television Craft Awards celebrate the talent behind the programmes, such as working in visual effects, production
25.
UN Women
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The United Nations Entity for Gender Equality and the Empowerment of Women, also known as UN Women, is a United Nations entity working for the empowerment of women. UN Women became operational in January 2011, former President of Chile Michelle Bachelet was the inaugural Executive Director, and Phumzile Mlambo-Ngcuka is the current Executive Director. As with UNIFEM previously, UN Women is a member of the United Nations Development Group, moreover, an additional $375 million per annum were needed in the initial phase to respond to country level requests for programmatic support. Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon announced at the founding of the movement that he is grateful to Member States for having taken this step forward for the worlds women. UN Women will significantly boost UN efforts to promote equality, expand opportunity. On September 14,2010, it was announced that former President of Chile Michelle Bachelet was appointed as head of UN Women, various countries supported the creation of the body and welcomed Bachelet as chief. On March 11,2011, John Hendra of Canada and Lakshmi Puri of India were appointed as first Deputy Executive Directors at the level of UN Assistant Secretary-General. The provisions set forth by resolution 63/311 on system-wide coherence, adopted by the General Assembly on 2 October 2010, the organization is governed by a multi-tiered intergovernmental governance structure in charge of providing normative and operational policy guidance. The General Assembly, Economic and Social Council, and the Commission on the Status of Women constitute the governance structure that sets forth the normative policy guiding principles of the Entity. Four seats will be selected by and from the top ten largest providers of voluntary contributions to UN Women. The remaining two seats will be allocated to two developing countries not members of the Development Assistance Committee of the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development. These two countries will be selected by the countries not members of the Development Assistance Committee among the top ten providers of voluntary core contributions to the entity. In addition, the entity must lead, coordinate, and promote the accountability of the United Nations system in its work on gender equality, the suggestions were all sexist or misogynist. A similar campaign was run to raise awareness for gay rights. Also in late 2013, UN Women launched a database that examines constitutions through a gender lens. The first of its kind, this maps the principles and rules that guarantee, deny, or protect the rights of women. Users can search though the database by keyword, and legal provisions are grouped into 16 categories that were defined by reviewing the constitutions from a human rights perspective. UN Women is one of the agencies in coordinating International Womens Day events as well as the Commission on the Status of Women
26.
HeForShe
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HeForShe is a solidarity campaign for the advancement of women initiated by UN Women. Its goal is to men and boys as agents of change by encouraging them to take action against negative inequalities faced by women. Initially we were asking the question, Do men care about gender equality, and we found out that they do care, said Elizabeth Nyamayaro, senior adviser to the executive director of UN Women. Then we started to get a lot of emails from men who signed up, a special event was held to kick-start the HeForShe campaign on 20 September 2014 at the Headquarters of the United Nations in New York. At that event, UN Women made a call to mobilize the first 100,000 men in the campaign, a goal successfully reached in just three days. This 2017 New United States President Donald Trump, actor Matt Damon, Tom Hiddleston, UN Women launched the HeForShe IMPACT 10x10x10 initiative to gain further momentum in advancing gender equality and womens empowerment at the 2015 World Economic Forum in Davos on January 23,2015. The initiative was launched as a pilot effort to engage governments, corporations. Global leaders serving as IMPACT 10x10x10 founding champions include H. E, prime Minister Mark Rutte of the Netherlands, H. E. President Ernest Bai Koroma of Sierra Leone, H. E, UN Women Executive Director and Under-Secretary-General Phumzile Mlambo-Ngcuka said, HeForShe exemplifies UN Womens groundbreaking leadership on gender equality. We know where change is proving hardest, the HeForShe IMPACT initiative puts responsibility for change right where it matters—and spotlights leaders who can make it happen. The founding champions from industry and government will pave the way for others to join in, using the pilot initiatives to streamline decision-making on relevant, ultimately, we need everyone to get involved if we are to turn the tide. The report highlights the gap between men and women in terms of political empowerment and indicates that there has been little improvement in workplace equality since 2006. Popular British actor and UN Women Global Goodwill Ambassador Emma Watson serves as the face of the movement. She said, The groundswell of response we have received in support for HeForShe tells us we are tapping into what the world wants, now we have to channel that energy into purposeful action. The pilot initiative provides that framework, in Mexico, the National Autonomous University of Mexico supports the campaign HeForShe. UNAM has historically organized several events and programs to women, so this campaign was well aligned with the universitys principles. Within the HeForShe campaign, the university has organized events where women and men collaborate and innovate together, UNAM has also opened forums where women and men share their experiences regarding discrimination, and best practices to overcome it. HeForShe has particularly offered a platform where UNAM could continue to include women, uNAMs efforts, as well as that of other organizations in the region, have helped to position Mexico as a country with a high number of women engineers
27.
Paris
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Paris is the capital and most populous city of France. It has an area of 105 square kilometres and a population of 2,229,621 in 2013 within its administrative limits, the agglomeration has grown well beyond the citys administrative limits. By the 17th century, Paris was one of Europes major centres of finance, commerce, fashion, science, and the arts, and it retains that position still today. The aire urbaine de Paris, a measure of area, spans most of the Île-de-France region and has a population of 12,405,426. It is therefore the second largest metropolitan area in the European Union after London, the Metropole of Grand Paris was created in 2016, combining the commune and its nearest suburbs into a single area for economic and environmental co-operation. Grand Paris covers 814 square kilometres and has a population of 7 million persons, the Paris Region had a GDP of €624 billion in 2012, accounting for 30.0 percent of the GDP of France and ranking it as one of the wealthiest regions in Europe. The city is also a rail, highway, and air-transport hub served by two international airports, Paris-Charles de Gaulle and Paris-Orly. Opened in 1900, the subway system, the Paris Métro. It is the second busiest metro system in Europe after Moscow Metro, notably, Paris Gare du Nord is the busiest railway station in the world outside of Japan, with 262 millions passengers in 2015. In 2015, Paris received 22.2 million visitors, making it one of the top tourist destinations. The association football club Paris Saint-Germain and the rugby union club Stade Français are based in Paris, the 80, 000-seat Stade de France, built for the 1998 FIFA World Cup, is located just north of Paris in the neighbouring commune of Saint-Denis. Paris hosts the annual French Open Grand Slam tennis tournament on the red clay of Roland Garros, Paris hosted the 1900 and 1924 Summer Olympics and is bidding to host the 2024 Summer Olympics. The name Paris is derived from its inhabitants, the Celtic Parisii tribe. Thus, though written the same, the name is not related to the Paris of Greek mythology. In the 1860s, the boulevards and streets of Paris were illuminated by 56,000 gas lamps, since the late 19th century, Paris has also been known as Panam in French slang. Inhabitants are known in English as Parisians and in French as Parisiens and they are also pejoratively called Parigots. The Parisii, a sub-tribe of the Celtic Senones, inhabited the Paris area from around the middle of the 3rd century BC. One of the areas major north-south trade routes crossed the Seine on the île de la Cité, this place of land and water trade routes gradually became a town
28.
Headington School, Oxford
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Headington School is an independent girls school in Headington, Oxford, England, founded by a group of evangelical Christians in 1915. The school motto is «Αγωνίζου τον καλόν αγώνα της πίστεως», a quotation from 1 Timothy 6.12, the hymn Fight the Good Fight is also the school song. The Good Schools Guide called Headington A delightful school, nurtures, fun and stimulating to be at. Headington School was founded in 1915 by a group of evangelical Christians to provide an education for girls to fit them for the demands. It started at Headington Lodge on Osler Road with just ten boarding, as the school rapidly expanded after the war, more buildings were bought and added to the school. In 1920, Davenport House, one of the current boarding houses, was taken over by the school, the house had a 2-acre garden and another nineteen acres of farmland attached stretching as far east as the White Horse pub. The main school moved to its current building, built in the neo-Georgian style. Chiang Yee, The Silent Traveller describes it as having an atmosphere of spacious dignity, in 1942 it was established as an educational charity, in recognition of the benefits that it provides to its pupils and the wider community. The preparatory school is located on a site across the junction where Headington Road. The premise which houses the school was originally known as Brookside. It was taken over by the school in 1916, built in 1886, it was first occupied by Thomas Arnall, Oxford’s Head Postmaster. The school renamed it Napier House when they moved out of the original Headington house with that name, since the prep school moved in, the facilities have been extended but the main house is still in use. Its pupils uses some facilities of the school, such as the swimming pool, playing field, all-weather surface. Both the prep and senior schools share the same governing body, until the 2007-08 school year it admitted boys up to age 7. It is a member of the Independent Association of Preparatory Schools and these complement the original neo-Georgian senior school building constructed in the 1930s. There are 23 acres of grounds and playing fields, tennis courts, swimming pool, the school also owns a boat club. It is one of the few schools in the country to offer equestrian facilities, there are eight competitive houses named after landmarks in Oxfordshire or notable historical figures associated with Oxford. Each House is led by a member of staff and a Sixth Form prefect, blenheim Cherwell Ford Isis Latimer Oxon Ridley Windrush The newest houses to join are Cranmer and Evenlode Headington uses its own nomenclature for the year groups
29.
Wand
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A wand is a thin, hand-held stick or rod made of wood, stone, ivory, or metals like gold or silver. A stick giving length and leverage is perhaps the earliest and simplest of tools, long versions of the magic wand are usually styled in forms of staves or scepters, often with designs or an orb of a gemstone forged on the top. In ecclesiastical and formal government ceremonial, special officials may carry a wand of office or staff of office representing their power, compare in this context the function of the ceremonial mace, the sceptre, and the staff of office. Its age may be greater, as Stone Age cave paintings show figures holding sticks. The wand is also a unit of length used in the British Isles equal to approximately the modern metre. The wand survived for a time under the Normans, then when the yard was established, the wand came to be known as the yard and the hand, and then disappeared, either slowly or by being banned by law. Thus a true wand would be 1 m in length and not 30 cm, in classical Greco-Roman mythology, the god Hermes/Mercury has a special wand called a caduceus. Six to eight-foot-long staves with metal tips adorning them are carried in Freemasonry during rituals of the Craft. Ceremonial uses may have several wands for different purposes, such as the Fire Wand, in Zoroastrianism, there is a similar ritual implement called a barsom. While an athame is generally used to command, a wand is seen as gentle and is used to invite or encourage. Though traditionally made of wood, they can also consist of metal or crystal, in Wicca the wand usually represents the element air, or sometimes fire, although contemporary wand makers also create wands for the elements of earth and water. The wand is most often used by Neopagans, Wiccans, Shamans and others in rituals, healing, there is some scholarly opinion that the magic wand may have its roots as a symbol of the phallus. Wands is also name for the suit of Staves, Batons or Rods. It is normally associated with the element of fire, representing creative energy, passion, confidence, in music, the term sometimes applies to the modern model of conductors baton. In literary language, wand can be a synonym for rod as an implement for corporal punishment, in the sense, either a multiple rod or a single branch. Based on their symbolism, stage magicians often use magic wands as part of their misdirection. These wands are traditionally short and black, with tips, if deprived of his magic wand. A magic wand may be transformed into items, grow, vanish, move, display a will of its own
30.
Grauman's Chinese Theatre
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Originally known as Graumans Chinese Theatre, it was renamed Manns Chinese Theatre in 1973, the name lasted until 2001, after which it reverted to its original name. On January 11,2013, Chinese electronics manufacturer TCL Corporation officially purchased the naming rights. The original Chinese Theatre was commissioned following the success of the nearby Graumans Egyptian Theatre, built by a partnership headed by Sid Grauman over 18 months starting in January 1926, the theatre opened May 18,1927, with the premiere of Cecil B. DeMilles film The King of Kings and it has since been home to many premieres, including the 1977 launch of George Lucas Star Wars, as well as birthday parties, corporate junkets, and three Academy Awards ceremonies. In 2013 the Chinese Theatre partnered with IMAX Corporation to convert the house into a custom designed IMAX theater, the newly renovated theater seats 932 people and features one of the largest movie screens in North America. After his success with the Egyptian Theatre, Sid Grauman turned to Charles E. Toberman to secure a lease on property at 6925 Hollywood Blvd. Toberman contracted the firm of Meyer & Holler, designer of the Egyptian, Grauman financed and owned a one-third interest in the Chinese Theatre, his partners—Mary Pickford, Douglas Fairbanks, and Howard Schenck—owned the remainder. The principal architect of the Chinese Theatre was Raymond M. Kennedy, during construction, Grauman hired Jean Klossner to formulate an extremely hard concrete for the forecourt of the theatre. Klossner later became known as Mr. Footprint, performing the footprint ceremonies from 1927 through 1957, many stories exist to explain the origins of the footprints. The theatres official account in its books and souvenir programs credit Norma Talmadge as having inspired the tradition when she stepped into the wet concrete. While we were building the theatre, I accidentally happened to step in some soft concrete, so, I went to Mary Pickford immediately. Mary put her foot into it and his autograph and handprint, dated 1927, remain today. The theatres third founding partner, Douglas Fairbanks, was the celebrity, after Talmadge. In 1929, Sid Grauman decided to retire and sell his share to William Foxs Fox Theatres chain, Grauman remained as the theatres managing director for the entire run of Hells Angels, retiring once again after its run finished. But, unsatisfied with retirement, Grauman returned to the theatre as managing director on Christmas Day 1931, one of the highlights of the Chinese Theatre has always been its grandeur and décor. In 1952, John Tartaglia, the artist of nearby Saint Sophia Cathedral and he would later continue the work of Jean Klossner, by recommendation of J. Walter Bantau, for the Hollywood Footprint Ceremonies. Tartaglia performed his first ceremony as a Master Mason for Jean Simmons in 1953, for the premiere of The Robe, the Chinese Theatre was declared a historic and cultural landmark in 1968, and has undergone various restoration projects in the years since then. Ted Mann, owner of the Mann Theatres chain and husband of actress Rhonda Fleming, from then until 2001 it was known as Manns Chinese Theatre
31.
Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone (film)
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Harry Potter and the Philosophers Stone is a 2001 British-American fantasy film directed by Chris Columbus and distributed by Warner Bros. It is based on the novel of the name by J. K. Rowling. The film was the first instalment in the long-running Harry Potter film series and its story follows Harry Potters first year at Hogwarts School of Witchcraft and Wizardry as he discovers that he is a famous wizard and begins his education. The film stars Daniel Radcliffe as Harry Potter, with Rupert Grint as Ron Weasley, Warner Bros. bought the film rights to the book in 1999 for a reported £1 million. Production began in the United Kingdom in 2000, with Chris Columbus being chosen to create the film from a short list of directors that included Steven Spielberg and Rob Reiner. J. K. Rowling insisted that the entire cast be British or Irish, the film was released in theatres in the United Kingdom and the United States on 16 November 2001. As of December 2015, it is the 29th-highest-grossing film of all time and the film in the series behind Harry Potter. Harry Potter is an ordinary boy living with the Dursleys, his only remaining relatives who treat him badly, in Little Whinging, Surrey. Hagrid reveals to Harry that he has been accepted into Hogwarts School of Witchcraft, after buying his school supplies from the hidden London street, Diagon Alley, Harry boards the train to Hogwarts via the concealed Platform 9¾ in Kings Cross Station. On the train Harry meets Ron Weasley, a boy from a large but poor pure-blood wizarding family, and Hermione Granger, once they arrive Harry and all the other first-year students are sorted between four houses, Gryffindor, Hufflepuff, Ravenclaw, and Slytherin. Because Slytherin is noted for being the house of darker wizards and witches and he ends up in Gryffindor along with Ron and Hermione. Rons older brothers were all placed in Gryffindor as well, mischievous twins Fred and George, Percy the prefect, Charlie, at Hogwarts Harry begins learning wizardry and discovers more about his past and his parents. He gets recruited for Gryffindors Quidditch team as a Seeker, as his father was before him, one night he, Ron, and Hermione discover a large three-headed dog named Fluffy on a restricted floor in the school. They later find out Fluffy is guarding the Philosophers Stone, an item that can be used to grant its owner immortality, Harry concludes that his potions teacher, the unfriendly Severus Snape, is trying to obtain the stone in order to return Voldemort to a human form. After hearing from Hagrid that Fluffy will fall asleep if played music, Harry, Ron, Quirrell removes his turban and reveals Voldemort to be living on the back of his head. Voldemort attempts to convince Harry to give him the stone, by promising to bring his parents back from the dead, Quirrell attempts to kill him and take the stone, but Harrys touch turns Quirrell into dust. When Harry gets up, Voldemorts spirit rises from Quirrells ashes and passes through Harry, Harry wakes up in the schools hospital wing with Professor Dumbledore at his side. Dumbledore explains that the stone has been destroyed and that, despite Ron nearly being killed in the match, he
32.
J. K. Rowling
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Joanne Jo Rowling, OBE, FRSL, pen names J. K. Rowling and Robert Galbraith, is a British novelist, screenwriter and film producer best known as the author of the Harry Potter fantasy series. The books have gained attention, won multiple awards. There were six sequels, the last, Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows, Rowling has lived a rags to riches life story, in which she progressed from living on state benefits to multi-millionaire status within five years. She is the United Kingdoms best-selling living author, with sales in excess of £238M, the 2016 Sunday Times Rich List estimated Rowlings fortune at £600 million, ranking her as the joint 197th richest person in the UK. Time magazine named her as a runner-up for its 2007 Person of the Year, noting the social, moral, in October 2010, Rowling was named the Most Influential Woman in Britain by leading magazine editors. She has supported charities including Comic Relief, One Parent Families, Multiple Sclerosis Society of Great Britain, although she writes under the pen name J. K. Rowling, her name, before her remarriage, was simply Joanne Rowling. Anticipating that the audience of young boys might not want to read a book written by a woman. As she had no name, she chose K as the second initial of her pen name. Following her marriage, she has used the name Joanne Murray when conducting personal business. During the Leveson Inquiry she gave evidence under the name of Joanne Kathleen Rowling and her entry in Whos Who lists her name also as Joanne Kathleen Rowling. Rowling was born to Peter James Rowling, a Rolls-Royce aircraft engineer, and Anne Rowling and her parents first met on a train departing from Kings Cross Station bound for Arbroath in 1964. They married on 14 March 1965, One of her maternal great-grandfathers, Dugald Campbell, was Scottish, born in Lamlash on the Isle of Arran. Her mothers paternal grandfather, Louis Volant, was French, and was awarded the Croix de Guerre for exceptional bravery in defending the village of Courcelles-le-Comte during the First World War. Rowling originally believed he had won the Légion dhonneur during the war, as she said when she received it herself in 2009. She later discovered the truth when featured in an episode of the UK genealogy series Who Do You Think You Are. in which she found out it was a different Louis Volant who won the Legion of Honour. Rowlings sister Dianne was born at their home when Rowling was 23 months old, the family moved to the nearby village Winterbourne when Rowling was four. She attended St Michaels Primary School, a school founded by abolitionist William Wilberforce and her headmaster at St Michaels, Alfred Dunn, has been suggested as the inspiration for the Harry Potter headmaster Albus Dumbledore. As a child, Rowling often wrote stories which she frequently read to her sister
33.
Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone
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Harry Potter and the Philosophers Stone is the first novel in the Harry Potter series and J. K. Rowlings debut novel, first published in 1997 by Bloomsbury. It was published in the United States as Harry Potter and the Sorcerers Stone by Scholastic Corporation in 1998. The plot follows Harry Potter, a wizard who discovers his magical heritage as he makes close friends. With the help of his friends, Harry faces an attempted comeback by the dark wizard Lord Voldemort, who killed Harrys parents, the novel won most of the British book awards that were judged by children and other awards in the US. The book reached the top of the New York Times list of best-selling fiction in August 1999 and it has been translated into at least sixty-seven other languages and has been made into a feature-length film of the same name, as have all six of its sequels. Most reviews were favourable, commenting on Rowlings imagination, humour, simple, direct style and clever plot construction. The series has used as a source of object lessons in educational techniques, sociological analysis. The most evil and powerful wizard in history, Lord Voldemort, murdered James and Lily Potter but mysteriously disappeared after failing to kill their infant son. For ten years, living at number Four Privet Drive, Harry is treated by the Dursleys more like a servant than a member of the family and is forced to live in a cupboard under the stairs. Shortly before his birthday, a series of letters addressed to Harry arrive. To evade the pursuit of these letters, Vernon first takes the family to a hotel, but when the letters arrive there too, he hires a boat out to a hut on a small island. Hagrid takes Harry to a hidden London street called Diagon Alley, where he is surprised to discover how famous he is among the witches and wizards and he also finds that his parents inheritance is waiting for him at Gringotts Wizarding Bank. Guided by Hagrid, he buys the equipment he will need for his first year at Hogwarts, a month later, Harry leaves the Dursleys home to catch the Hogwarts Express from Kings Cross railway station. There he meets the Weasley family, who show him how to pass through the wall to Platform 9¾. While on the train, Harry meets two fellow first years, Ron Weasley, who becomes his friend, and Hermione Granger. Harry also makes an enemy of yet another first-year, Draco Malfoy, Draco offers to advise Harry, but Harry dislikes Draco for his arrogance and prejudice and rejects his offer of friendship. At Hogwarts, the first-years are assigned by the magical Sorting Hat to houses that best suit their personalities. While Harry is being sorted, the Hat suggests that he be placed into Slytherin which is known to house potential dark witches and wizards, but when Harry objects, Ron and Hermione are also sorted into Gryffindor
34.
David Heyman
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David Jonathan Heyman is an English film producer and the founder of Heyday Films. In 1999, he secured the rights to the Harry Potter film series and went on to produce all eight installments. He is the son of John Heyman, producer of such as The Go-Between and Jesus, and Norma Heyman. His paternal grandparents were German Jews who left Nazi Germany and emigrated to England prior to World War II and he went to Westminster School and, following graduation, he decided to study abroad. He earned a degree in Art History from Harvard University in the U. S. in 1983, Heyman got his start in the film industry as a production assistant on David Leans A Passage to India, and in 1986, Heyman became a creative executive at Warner Brothers. In 1997 Heyman returned to London and founded his own production company, other notable productions during this time include the 2007 blockbuster I Am Legend and the 2008 films The Boy in the Striped Pyjamas, Is Anybody There. and Yes Man. The film grossed more than US$700 million worldwide and was nominated for 10 Academy Awards including Best Picture and he also produced the 2013 comedy Were the Millers and the 2014 family film Paddington, for which he was nominated for the Alexander Korda Award for Best British Film. In 2013 it was announced that Heyman will produce the upcoming Warner Bros. film adaptation of J. K, rowlings Fantastic Beasts and Where to Find Them, which will be released on 18 November 2016. He is also set to produce Fables, based on the book series. He was announced as the producer of the fantasy film Queen of the Tearling, starring Emma Watson, Warner Bros. has acquired the film rights and will distribute the film. Heyman lives in Pimlico, London, and is married to interior designer Rose Uniacke
35.
Daniel Radcliffe
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Daniel Jacob Radcliffe is an English actor best known for his role as Harry Potter in the film series of the same name. He made his debut at 10 years of age in BBC Ones 1999 television film David Copperfield. At age 11, he was cast as Harry Potter in the first Harry Potter film and he has contributed to many charities, including Demelza Hospice Care for Children, and The Trevor Project for suicide prevention among LGBTQ youth, which gave him its Hero Award in 2011. Radcliffe was born in Queen Charlottes Hospital, Hammersmith, London and he is the only child of Marcia Jeannine Gresham and Alan George Radcliffe. His mother is Jewish and was born in South Africa and raised in Westcliff-on-Sea and his father was raised in Banbridge, County Down, Northern Ireland, in a very working-class Protestant family. Radcliffes maternal ancestors were Jewish immigrants from Poland and Russia, Radcliffes parents had both acted as children. His father is a literary agent and his mother is a casting agent and was involved in several films for the BBC, including The Inspector Lynley Mysteries and Walk Away and I Stumble. As his acting career began to consume his schedule, Radcliffe continued his education through on-set tutors and he admitted he was not very good at school, considering it useless and finding the work really difficult. He achieved A grades in the three AS-level exams that he took in 2006, but decided to take a break from education and did not go to college or university. Part of his reasoning was that he knew he wanted to act and write. The paparazzi, theyd love it, he told Details magazine in 2007, if there were any parties going on, theyd be tipped off as to where they were. Rowling had been searching for an unknown British actor to personify the character, and this is Harry Potter, after he saw a video of the young actor in David Copperfield. Eight months later, and after several auditions, Radcliffe was selected to play the part, Rowling also endorsed the selection saying, I dont think Chris Columbus could have found a better Harry. Radcliffes parents originally turned down the offer, as they had told that it would involve six films shot in Los Angeles. Warner Bros. instead offered Radcliffe a two-movie contract with shooting in the UK, the release of Harry Potter and the Philosophers Stone took place in 2001. Radcliffe received a seven figure salary for the role, but asserted that the fee was not that important to him. The film was popular and was met with positive reviews. A year later Radcliffe starred in Harry Potter and the Chamber of Secrets, reviewers were positive about the lead actors performances but had polarised opinions on the movie as a whole
36.
Rupert Grint
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Rupert Alexander Lloyd Grint is an English actor who rose to prominence playing Ron Weasley, one of the three main characters in the Harry Potter film series. Grint was cast as Ron Weasley at the age of 11, having acted only in school plays. From 2001 to 2011, he starred in all eight Harry Potter films alongside Daniel Radcliffe playing as Harry Potter, beginning in 2002, Grint began to work outside of the Harry Potter franchise, playing a co-leading role in Thunderpants. He has had starring roles in Driving Lessons, a released in 2006, and Cherrybomb. Grint co-starred with Bill Nighy and Emily Blunt in Wild Target and his first film project following the end of the Harry Potter series was the 2012 anti-war film, Into the White, in which he has a supporting role. In 2013, Grints new film CBGB was released and he has been cast in CBSs new show Super Clyde, Grint made his stage debut in Jez Butterworths Mojo in October 2013 at the Harold Pinter Theatre in London. Grint was born in Harlow, Essex, England, to Nigel Grint, a dealer in racing memorabilia, Grint is the eldest of five siblings. He has stated that his earliest goal in life was to become an ice cream man and he attended Richard Hale School, in Hertford. While in school, Grint took an avid interest in theatre and he started performing in school productions and joined the Top Hat Stage and Screen School, a local theatre group that cast him as a fish in Noahs Ark and a donkey in another nativity play. He continued performing in plays as he moved into secondary school. However, Grint had never acted professionally before the Harry Potter series, at the age of 16, he left school to focus on his acting career. I didnt really like school that much, the actor later commented, starting in 2000, casting began for the film adaptation of Harry Potter and the Philosophers Stone, the best-selling novel written by author J. K. Rowling. Rowling personally insisted that the cast be British and assisted Susie Figgis, Grint chose to audition for the role of protagonist Ron Weasley, one of Harry Potters best friends at Hogwarts, and was a fan of the book series. Having seen a Newsround report about the casting, he sent in a video of himself rapping about how he wished to receive the role. His attempt was successful as the team asked for a meeting with him. On 8 August 2000, Daniel Radcliffe, Emma Watson, and an 11-year-old Grint were selected to play the roles of Harry, Hermione Granger, Grint is the oldest member of the trio. The release of Harry Potter and the Philosophers Stone in 2001 was Grints debut screen performance, breaking records for opening-day sales and opening-weekend takings, it was the highest-grossing film of that year. With a total of US$974 million in its run, Philosophers Stone stands as the second most commercially successful entry in the series
37.
Harry Potter (character)
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Harry James Potter is the title character of J. K. Rowlings Harry Potter series. The majority of the books plot covers seven years in the life of the orphan Potter, thus, he attends Hogwarts School of Witchcraft and Wizardry to practise magic under the guidance of the kindly headmaster Albus Dumbledore and other school professors. According to Rowling, the idea for both the Harry Potter books and its eponymous character came while waiting for a train from Manchester to London in 1990. She stated that her idea for this scrawny, black-haired, bespectacled boy who didnt know he was a wizard became more and more real to me, while developing the ideas for her book, she also decided to make Harry an orphan who attended a boarding school called Hogwarts. She explained in a 1999 interview with The Guardian, Harry had to be an orphan—so that hes an agent, with no fear of letting down his parents. Hogwarts has to be a boarding school—half the important stuff happens at night, having a child of my own reinforces my belief that children above all want security, and thats what Hogwarts offers Harry. In a 2000 interview with The Guardian, Rowling also established that the character of Wart in T. H. Whites novel The Once, finally, she established Harrys birth date as 31 July, the same as her own. However, she maintained that Harry was not directly based on any real-life person, Rowling has also maintained that Harry is a suitable real-life role model for children. Harry first appears in Harry Potter and the Philosophers Stone, starting in 1981, when Harry was just one year old, his parents, James and Lily, were murdered by the most powerful Dark Wizard, Lord Voldemort. He attempted to kill Harry too, but was unsuccessful and only left a lightning bolt shaped scar on Harrys forehead, Voldemorts body was destroyed, but his soul was not. Harry later learns that the reason why he survived was because of Lily sacrificing herself for him, according to Rowling, fleshing out this back story was a matter of reverse planning, The basic idea Harry. Didnt know he was a wizard. and so then I kind of worked backwards from that position to find out how that could be, when he was one year old, the most evil wizard for hundreds and hundreds of years attempted to kill him. He killed Harrys parents, and then he tried to kill Harry—he tried to curse him, Harry has to find out, before we find out. And for some reason, the curse didnt work on Harry. So hes left with this lightning-bolt shaped scar on his forehead, as a result, Harry is written as an orphan living with his only remaining family, the Dursleys, who are neglectful and abusive. On his eleventh birthday, Harry learns he is a wizard when Rubeus Hagrid arrives to him that he is to attend Hogwarts School of Witchcraft. There he learns about the world, his parents. When he is sorted into Gryffindor House, he becomes fast friends with classmates Ron Weasley and Hermione Granger, both feuds continue throughout the series
38.
Ron Weasley
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Ronald Bilius Ron Weasley is a fictional character in J. K. Rowlings Harry Potter series. His first appearance was in the first book of the series, Harry Potter and he is a member of the Weasley family, a pure blood family, who reside in The Burrow outside Ottery St. Catchpole. Along with Harry and Hermione, he is a member of the Gryffindor house, Ron is present in most of the action throughout the series. According to Rowling, Ron was among the characters she created the very first day, Ron is inspired by Rowlings best friend Sean Harris, but she has clearly stated that she never set out to describe Sean in Ron, but Ron has a Sean-ish turn of phrase. Like Harris is to Rowling, Ron is always there when Harry needs him, some of Rons qualities serve as foils to Harry. While Harry is an orphan with more gold than he needs, Ron comes from a loving but poor family, many of his possessions are hand-me-downs. Harry is famous but would prefer to avoid the spotlight, Ron, in comparison, is perceived as a mere lackey. Finally, Ron is the most mediocre of his siblings, being neither an excellent Quidditch player, All these factors have combined to cause Ron serious insecurities, this inferiority complex, and his need to prove himself, is the main thrust of his character arc. Rowling first introduces Ron with his family in Harry Potter and the Philosophers Stone, Harry is lost at Kings Cross railway station and the Weasleys guide him through the barrier of Platform 9¾ into the wizarding world. Ron and Harry share a compartment on the Hogwarts Express, and they begin their friendship, Ron fascinated with the famous Harry, Ron and Harry share the same classes throughout the series, and generally have similar academic successes and disappointments. Ron plays a part in the quest to save the Philosophers Stone. His strategy at Wizards Chess allows Hermione and Harry to proceed safely through a dangerous life-size, during the game, Ron allows his piece to be sacrificed and is subsequently knocked unconscious. These last-minute points help support Gryffindors win of the House Cup, the second instalment, Harry Potter and the Chamber of Secrets, takes place the year following the events of the Philosophers Stone. During the summer, Ron attempts to write to Harry several times and he receives no reply because Dobby the house elf is stopping Harrys wizard mail. Ron becomes so concerned that he and his brothers Fred and George fly their fathers enchanted Ford Anglia car to Harrys home at his aunt, Harry spends the next month at the Weasleys home, The Burrow. While attempting to depart from Kings Cross station, Harry and Ron find themselves unable to enter the barrier to access Platform 9¾, with Harry, Ron conceives the idea of taking the flying Ford Anglia to Hogwarts. The plan is successful, but the Anglia loses power at the end of the journey, Ron receives a Howler from his mother, berating him for taking the car. Later Ron is forced to come face-to-face with his worst nightmare, spiders, in the Forbidden Forest, giant spiders nearly devour the two of them, but the Weasley Ford Anglia returns from the Forbidden Forest and rescues the pair
39.
The Daily Telegraph
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It was founded by Arthur B. Sleigh in 1855 as The Daily Telegraph and Courier, the papers motto, Was, is, and will be, appears in the editorial pages and has featured in every edition of the newspaper since April 19,1858. The paper had a circulation of 460,054 in December 2016 and its sister paper, The Sunday Telegraph, which started in 1961, had a circulation of 359,287 as of December 2016. The Daily Telegraph has the largest circulation for a newspaper in the UK. The two sister newspapers are run separately, with different editorial staff, but there is cross-usage of stories, articles published in either may be published on the Telegraph Media Groups www. telegraph. co. uk website, under the title of The Telegraph. However, critics, including an editor, accuse it of being unduly influenced by advertisers. The Daily Telegraph and Courier was founded by Colonel Arthur B, Sleigh in June 1855 to air a personal grievance against the future commander-in-chief of the British Army, Prince George, Duke of Cambridge. Joseph Moses Levy, the owner of The Sunday Times, agreed to print the newspaper, the paper cost 2d and was four pages long. Nevertheless, the first edition stressed the quality and independence of its articles and journalists, however, the paper was not a success, and Sleigh was unable to pay Levy the printing bill. Levy took over the newspaper, his aim being to produce a newspaper than his main competitors in London. The same principle should apply to all other events—to fashion, to new inventions, in 1876, Jules Verne published his novel Michael Strogoff, whose plot takes place during a fictional uprising and war in Siberia. In 1937, the newspaper absorbed The Morning Post, which espoused a conservative position. Originally William Ewart Berry, 1st Viscount Camrose, bought The Morning Post with the intention of publishing it alongside The Daily Telegraph, for some years the paper was retitled The Daily Telegraph and Morning Post before it reverted to just The Daily Telegraph. As an result, Gordon Lennox was monitored by MI5, in 1939, The Telegraph published Clare Hollingworths scoop that Germany was to invade Poland. In November 1940, with Fleet Street subjected to almost daily bombing raids by the Luftwaffe, The Telegraph started printing in Manchester at Kemsley House, Manchester quite often printed the entire run of The Telegraph when its Fleet Street offices were under threat. The name Kemsley House was changed to Thomson House in 1959, in 1986 printing of Northern editions of the Daily and Sunday Telegraph moved to Trafford Park and in 2008 to Newsprinters at Knowsley, Liverpool. During the Second World War, The Daily Telegraph covertly helped in the recruitment of code-breakers for Bletchley Park, the ability to solve The Telegraphs crossword in under 12 minutes was considered to be a recruitment test. The competition itself was won by F. H. W. Hawes of Dagenham who finished the crossword in less than eight minutes, both the Camrose and Burnham families remained involved in management until Conrad Black took control in 1986
