End Conscription Campaign
The End Conscription Campaign was an anti-apartheid organisation allied to the United Democratic Front and composed of conscientious objectors and their supporters in South Africa. It was formed in 1983 to oppose the conscription of all white South African men into military service in the South African Defence Force.
ECC stickers.
A conscientious objector is an "individual who has claimed the right to refuse to perform military service" on the grounds of freedom of conscience or religion. The term has also been extended to objecting to working for the military–industrial complex due to a crisis of conscience. In some countries, conscientious objectors are assigned to an alternative civilian service as a substitute for conscription or military service.
The Deserter by Boardman Robinson, The Masses, 1916
Refusing to serve in the Vietnam War, boxer Muhammad Ali stated "I ain't got no quarrel with them Viet Cong ... They never called me nigger." in 1966
Stamp created by the Centre de défense des objecteurs de conscience (around 1936)
Waikeria Prison for WW1 objectors, c. 1923