Energy
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Energy is the quantitative property that is transferred to a body or to a physical system, recognizable in the capacity to do work and in the form of heat and light. Energy is a conserved quantity—the
A plasma globe using electrical energy to create plasma, light, heat, movement, and a faint sound
In a typical lightning strike, 500 megajoules of electric potential energy is converted into the same amount of energy in other forms, mostly light energy, sound energy, and thermal energy.
Thermal energy is energy of microscopic constituents of matter, which may include both kinetic and potential energy.
Thomas Young, the first person to use the term "energy" in the modern sense
Heat
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In thermodynamics, heat is defined as energy in transfer between a body and its surroundings, other than through thermodynamic work or through transfer of matter.
Energy
…activity') is the quantitative property that is transferred to a body or to a physical system, recognizable in the capacity to do work and in the form of heat and light. Energy is a conserved quantity—the law of conservation of energy states that energy can be converted in form, but not created or destroyed…
A glowing-hot metal bar showing incandescence, the emission of light due to its temperature, is often recognized as a source of heat.
Galileo Galilei
John Locke
Brook Taylor