Environmental history
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Environmental history is the study of human interaction with the natural world over time, emphasising the active role nature plays in influencing human affairs and vice versa.
The city of Machu Picchu was constructed c. 1450 AD, at the height of the Inca Empire. It has commanding views down two valleys and a nearly impassable mountain at its back. There is an ample supply of spring water and enough land for a plentiful food supply. The hillsides leading to it have been terraced to provide farmland for crops, reduce soil erosion, protect against landslides, and create steep slopes to discourage potential invaders.
General view of Funkville in 1864, Oil Creek, Pennsylvania, US
Nature preservationist John Muir with U.S. President Theodore Roosevelt (left) on Glacier Point in Yosemite National Park
Frontier historian Frederick Jackson Turner (1861–1932)
Emmanuel Le Roy Ladurie
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Emmanuel Bernard Le Roy Ladurie was a French historian whose work was mainly focused upon Languedoc in the Ancien Régime, particularly the history of the peasantry. One of the leading historians of France, Le Roy Ladurie has been called the "standard-bearer" of the third generation of the Annales school and the "rock star of the medievalists", noted for his work in social history.
Le Roy Ladurie in 2014