1.
Grover Cleveland Alexander
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Grover Cleveland Alexander, nicknamed Old Pete, was an American Major League Baseball pitcher. He played from 1911 through 1930 for the Philadelphia Phillies, Chicago Cubs and he was elected into the Baseball Hall of Fame in 1938. Alexander was born in Elba, Nebraska, in the first term of President Grover Cleveland and was one of thirteen children and he played semi-professional baseball in his youth, signing his first professional contract at age 20 in 1907 for $50 per month. In 1909 he played for the Galesburg Boosters in the Class D Illinois–Missouri League and his career was almost ended when he was struck by a thrown ball while baserunning. Alexander made his Philadelphia debut during the pre-season 1911 City Series, pitching five innings of no-hit and he made his official Major League debut on April 15. He was joined on the Phillies that year by catcher Bill Killefer, in his rookie year, Alexander led the league with 28 wins,31 complete games,367 innings pitched, and seven shutouts, while finishing second in strikeouts and fourth in ERA. From 1912 to 1921, Alexander led the league in ERA five times, wins five times, innings six times, strikeouts six times, complete games five times, and shutouts five times. He won pitchings Triple Crown in 1915,1916, and 1920, in 1915, he was instrumental in leading the Phillies to their first pennant, and he pitched a record five one-hitters. Along the way Alexander began to have problems with alcohol, a struggle that would plague him the rest of his life, Alexander was drafted and one month before shipping out, he married Amy Marie Arrants on May 31 in a courthouse ceremony in Manhattan, Kansas. Alexander spent most of the 1918 season in France as a sergeant with the 342nd Field Artillery, while he was serving in France, he was exposed to German mustard gas and a shell exploded near him, causing partial hearing loss and triggering the onset of epilepsy. Following his return from the war, Alexander suffered from shock and was plagued with epileptic seizures. In spite of all this, Alexander gave Chicago several successful years, tiring of his increasing drunkenness and insubordination that was often directly related to his epilepsy, the Cubs sold him to the Cardinals in the middle of the 1926 season for the waiver price. Then-Cubs manager, Joe McCarthy stated the reason for the sale was, The Cubs finished last last year and if they finish last again, Id rather it be without. The Cardinals won the National League pennant that year and met the New York Yankees in the World Series, Alexander came to the game in the seventh inning after starter Jesse Haines developed a blister, with the Cardinals ahead 3–2, the bases loaded and two out. Facing Yankee slugger Tony Lazzeri, Alexander struck him out and then held the Yankees scoreless for two innings to preserve the win and give St. Louis the championship. He had one last 20-win season for the Cardinals in 1927 and he left major league baseball after a brief return to the Phillies in 1930, and pitched for the House of David until 1940. Alexander attended game three of the 1950 World Series at Yankee Stadium where he saw the Phillies lose to the Yankees and he died less than a month later, on November 4 in St. Paul, Nebraska, at the age of 63. Alexanders 90 shutouts are a National League record and his 373 wins are tied with Christy Mathewson for first in the National League record book and he is also third all time in wins, tenth in innings pitched, second in shutouts, and eighth in hits allowed
2.
1915 World Series
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In the 1915 World Series, the Boston Red Sox beat the Philadelphia Phillies four games to one. In their only World Series before 1950, the Phillies won Game 1 before being swept the rest of the way and it was 65 years before the Phillies won their next Series game. The Red Sox pitching was so strong in the 1915 series that the young Babe Ruth was not used on the mound and only made a single pinch-hitting appearance. Red Sox owner Joseph Lannin lost the toss for home field advantage. The league presidents selected the umpires, and it was announced that J. G. Taylor Spink would be one of the official scorers, one controversy surrounded the allocation of tickets to the Red Sox Royal Rooters fan club. Each visiting team was allocated 200 tickets, but the Red Sox requested an additional 400 on behalf of their supporters, the Phillies Baker Bowl sat only 20,000, and their above-cited owner, William Baker, refused to allocate additional tickets for visiting fans. The matter was resolved by National Commission chairman Garry Herrmann, who gave the Red Sox tickets from the Commissions own Series allocation. The Phillies won Game 1, 3–1, although New York Times reporter Hugh Fullerton wrote of the future 300+ game-winning Hall of Famer, Alexander pitched a bad game of ball. He had little or nothing in his review of the game, headed Nothing, the Times also reported that a crowd of 10,000 gathered in Manhattans Times Square to view a real-time mechanical recreation of the game on a giant scoreboard sponsored by the newspaper. The Phillies were not to win another game until 1977. The Red Sox swept Games 2–5, all by one run, in Game 2, Woodrow Wilson became the first U. S. President to attend a World Series game. This was the second year that a Boston team beat a Philadelphia team in the World Series after the Braves had swept the Athletics the year before. Unlike the 1913 Series, where the team won only one of the five games. In Fenway or Philadelphias Baker Bowl, it might have been a run or at least an extra-base hit which might have turned the Series around. The Phillies had packed some extra outfield seats into their already-small bandbox of a ballfield and this proved crucial in the decisive Game 5, in which Bostons Harry Hooper twice homered over the moved-in center field fence and Duffy Lewis followed suit. In Braves Field, those would have been extra-base hits at best, AL Boston Red Sox vs. NL Philadelphia Phillies The Red Sox won on three home runs by two of their outfielders, two cheapies by Harry Hooper and one by Duffy Lewis. Those were the only round-trippers in the entire Series, the first four games being pitchers duels,1915 World Series, Boston Red Sox over Philadelphia Phillies Cohen, Richard M. Neft, David S. The World Series, Complete Play-By-Play of Every Game, 1903–1989, archived from the original on 2008
3.
Pitcher
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In the numbering system used to record defensive plays, the pitcher is assigned the number 1. The pitcher is often considered the most important defensive player, there are many different types of pitchers, such as the starting pitcher, relief pitcher, middle reliever, lefty specialist, setup man, and closer. The National League in Major League Baseball and the Japanese Central League are among the leagues that have not adopted the designated hitter position. In most cases, the objective of the pitcher is to deliver the pitch to the catcher without allowing the batter to hit the ball with the bat. A successful pitch is delivered in such a way that the batter either allows the pitch to pass through the zone, swings the bat at the ball and misses it. If the batter elects not to swing at the pitch, it is called a strike if any part of the passes through the strike zone. A check swing is when the batter begins to swing, If the batter successfully checks the swing and the pitch is out of the strike zone, it is called a ball. There are two legal pitching positions, the windup and the set position or stretch, either position may be used at any time, typically, the windup is used when the bases are empty, while the set position is used when at least one runner is on base. Each position has certain procedures that must be followed, a balk can be called on a pitcher from either position. A power pitcher is one who relies on the velocity of his pitches to succeed, generally, power pitchers record a high percentage of strikeouts. A control pitcher succeeds by throwing accurate pitches and thus records few walks, nearly all action during a game is centered on the pitcher for the defensive team. A pitchers particular style, time taken between pitches, and skill heavily influence the dynamics of the game and can determine the victor. Meanwhile, a batter stands in the box at one side of the plate. The type and sequence of pitches chosen depend upon the situation in a game. The relationship between pitcher and catcher is so important that some teams select the starting catcher for a game based on the starting pitcher. Together, the pitcher and catcher are known as the battery, although the object and mechanics of pitching remain the same, pitchers may be classified according to their roles and effectiveness. The starting pitcher begins the game, and he may be followed by relief pitchers, such as the long reliever, the left-handed specialist, the middle reliever. In Major League Baseball, every team uses Baseball Rubbing Mud to rub game balls in before their pitchers use them in games, a skilled pitcher often throws a variety of different pitches to prevent the batter from hitting the ball well
4.
East Bend, North Carolina
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East Bend is a town in northeastern Yadkin County, North Carolina, United States. The population was 612 at the 2010 census and it is a Piedmont Triad community. East Bend is located at 36°13′3″N 80°30′33″W, according to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 1.3 square miles, all of it land. As of the census of 2000, there were 659 people,271 households, the population density was 514.8 people per square mile. There were 304 housing units at a density of 237.5 per square mile. The racial makeup of the town was 95. 14% White,1. 21% African American,0. 91% Native American,0. 15% Asian,1. 67% from other races, hispanic or Latino of any race were 8. 50% of the population. 28. 8% of all households were made up of individuals and 12. 9% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older, the average household size was 2.43 and the average family size was 2.96. In the town, the population was out with 25. 6% under the age of 18,9. 0% from 18 to 24,30. 3% from 25 to 44,22. 5% from 45 to 64. The median age was 37 years, for every 100 females there were 94.4 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 89.9 males, the median income for a household in the town was $39,333, and the median income for a family was $49,000. Males had an income of $32,321 versus $26,667 for females. The per capita income for the town was $17,611, about 3. 3% of families and 6. 3% of the population were below the poverty line, including 4. 4% of those under age 18 and 14. 1% of those age 65 or over. Boonville King Tobaccoville Bethania Winston-Salem Lewisville One of the most significant Native American excavation sites in North Carolina is located near the Yadkin River west of town at Donnaha, Donnaha was listed in the National Register of Historic Places on December 6,1978. Experts from Wake Forest University believe this was the site of a village of at least 100 Sioux Indians dating to the late Woodland Period. Earl Norman, an East Bend artifact collector, donated 5,000 pieces of his collection of more than 10,000 relics to the North Carolina Department of Archives, East Bend was first known as Banners Store. It was named for merchant Martin Luther Banner, early settler Martin Luther Banner later moved west and founded Banner Elk, North Carolina. On March 7,1887 the General Assembly incorporated the town of East Bend, officers were mayor J. H Johnson, commissioners Dr. Evan Benbow, J. H. Jenkins, J. A. Huff established the first buggy-manufacturing business in town in 1873, the Huff Buggy Factory, built in 1893, was said to be the largest buggy factory in the South
5.
Winston-Salem, North Carolina
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Winston-Salem is a city in and the county seat of Forsyth County, North Carolina, United States. With a 2015 estimated population of 241,218, it is the second largest municipality in the Piedmont Triad region and the fifth largest city in the state. Winston-Salem is home to the tallest office building in the region,100 North Main Street, formerly the Wachovia Building, Winston-Salem is called the Twin City for its dual heritage and City of the Arts and Innovation for its dedication to fine arts and theater and technological research. Camel City is a reference to the citys involvement in the tobacco industry related to locally based R. J. Reynolds Tobacco Companys Camel cigarettes. Winston-Salem is also known for its traditional furniture company, many locals refer to the city as Winston in informal speech. The Dash is referenced from the hyphen between Winston and Salem and was popularized by the nickname of the minor league baseball team. In 2012, the city was listed among the 10 best places to retire in the U. S. by CBS MoneyWatch, the city of Winston-Salem is a product of the merging of the two neighboring towns of Winston and Salem in 1913. The origin of the town of Salem dates to January 1753 and he called this area die Wachau named after the ancestral estate of Count Nicolaus Ludwig von Zinzendorf. The land, just short of 99,000 acres, was purchased from John Carteret. On November 17,1753, the first settlers arrived at what would become the town of Bethabara. This town, despite its growth, was not designed to be the primary settlement on the tract. Some residents expanded to a settlement called Bethania in 1759. Finally, lots were drawn to select suitable sites for the location of a new town. The town established on the site was given the name of Salem chosen for it by the Moravians late patron. On January 6,1766, the first tree was felled for the building of Salem, Salem was a typical Moravian settlement congregation with the public buildings of the congregation grouped around a central square, today Salem Square. These included the church, a Brethrens House and a Sisters House for the members of the Congregation. For many years members of the Moravian Church were permitted to live in the settlement. This practice had ended by the American Civil War, many of the original buildings in the settlement have been restored or rebuilt and are now part of Old Salem Museums & Gardens
6.
1912 in baseball
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The following are the baseball events of the year 1912 throughout the world. April 11 The New York Highlanders, predecessors of the New York Yankees, in the first inning, Boston scores a run against pitcher Ray Caldwell‚ while New York respond with two runs in the bottom against Smoky Joe Wood. That is all the scoring until the ninth inning‚ when the Sox score four runs‚ including two on a Wood single, Boston wins‚ 5–3‚ on Woods seven hitter. New York Giants pitcher Rube Marquard begins a 19-game winning streak with an 18–3 triumph over the Brooklyn Dodgers, april 20 – The Boston Red Sox play their first home game in the history of Fenway Park. The Red Sox open up with an 11-inning, 7–6 victory over the New York Highlanders, Boston outfielder Tris Speaker delivers the game-winning RBI before a crowd of 27,000 fans. Minutes later, the Detroit Tigers christen their Navin Field with a 6–5 victory over the Cleveland Naps, april 26 – Hugh Bradley of the Boston Red Sox became the first player to hit a home run over the Green Monster at Fenway Park. It was his home run of the 1912 season. May 17 – Fenway Park is officially dedicated, almost one month after hosting its first game, nevertheless, the home town fans had their day spoiled as the White Sox trimmed the Red Sox, 5–2. May 18 – The Cincinnati Reds play the first game in the history of Crosley Field, june 9 – Boston Red Sox outfielder Tris Speaker hits for the cycle, leading his team to a 9–2 victory over the St. Louis Browns. June 10 – New York Giants catcher Chief Meyers hits for the cycle against the Chicago Cubs, june 28 – Christy Mathewson of the New York Giants becomes the eighth pitcher to record 300 career wins. July 2 – At Hilltop Park, Larry Gardner of the Boston Red Sox hit two home runs but Boston still lose to the New York Highlanders, 9–7. July 4 – In the second game of a double-header, George Mullin of the Detroit Tigers tosses a no-hitter against the St. Louis Browns in a 7–0 Tigers win. July 25 – Bert Daniels, outfielder for the New York Highlanders, august 15 – Guy Zinn, a little-known New York Highlanders outfielder, steals home twice in a 5–4 win over the Detroit Tigers at Navin Field. This will add to last-place New Yorks major-league record of 18 steals of home for a single season, august 22 – Pittsburgh Pirates shortstop Honus Wagner hits for the cycle against the New York Giants. August 30 – St. Louis Browns pitcher Earl Hamilton returns the favor to the Detroit Tigers and he tosses a no-hitter in a 7–1 Browns victory. October 16 – The Boston Red Sox defeat the New York Giants, 3–2, in Game 8 of the World Series, the Red Sox win the World Championship four games to three. Nearly all of the games were close, four games in this series were decided by one run. A sixth was decided by two runs, Game 7 was the only one with a margin greater than three runs
7.
History of the New York Giants (baseball)
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The San Francisco Giants existed in the New York metropolitan area from 1883–1957. Prior to the start of the 1958 season, the moved to San Francisco, California. During the clubs tenure in New York, it won five of the franchises eight World Series wins and 17 of its 24 National League pennants, for most of that time, the Giants played home games in the Polo Grounds in the Upper Manhattan region of New York City. The Giants had intense rivalries with their rivals, the New York Yankees. The New York-Brooklyn rivalry soon evolved into the Los Angeles-San Francisco rivalry, numerous inductees of the Baseball Hall of Fame played for the New York Giants, including John McGraw, Mel Ott, Bill Terry, Willie Mays, Monte Irvin, and Travis Jackson. The Giants began as the baseball club founded by millionaire tobacconist John B. Day and veteran amateur baseball player Jim Mutrie, the Gothams, as the Giants were originally known, entered the National League in 1883, while their other club, the Metropolitans played in the American Association. Nearly half of the original Gotham players were members of the disbanded Troy Trojans, louis Browns in an early incarnation of the World Series. They repeated as champions the year with a pennant and World Series victory over the Brooklyn Bridegrooms. It is said that one particularly satisfying victory over the Philadelphia Phillies, Mutrie stormed into the dressing room and exclaimed. From then on, the club was known as the Giants, the Giants original home stadium, the Polo Grounds, also dates from this early era. It was originally located north of Central Park adjacent to Fifth and Sixth Avenues and 110th and 112th Streets, the Giants were a powerhouse in the late 1880s, winning their first two National League Pennants and World Championships in 1888 &1889. But nearly all of the Giants stars jumped to the upstart Players League, whose New York franchise was named the Giants. The new team built a stadium next door to the Polo Grounds. With a decimated roster, the NL Giants finished a distant sixth, attendance took a nosedive, and the financial strain affected Days tobacco business as well. The Players League dissolved after the season, and Day sold a minority interest in his NL Giants to the defunct PL Giants principal backer, as a condition of the sale, Day had to fire Mutrie as manager. Although the Giants rebounded to third in 1891, Day was forced to sell a controlling interest to Talcott at the end of the season. Four years later, Talcott sold the Giants to Andrew Freedman, when Freedman offered Rusie only $2,500 for 1896, the disgruntled hurler sat out the entire season
8.
1920 in baseball
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The following are the baseball events of the year 1920 throughout the world. Won-loss records were reported due to lack of interest by the press mainly in New York. Bacharach claimed the pennant, although Hilldale disputed it, january 3 – The New York Yankees purchase outfielder Babe Ruth from the Boston Red Sox for $100,000. February 13 – A meeting in Kansas City results in the birth of the Negro National League, april 14 – Stan Coveleski and the Cleveland Indians hold the St. Louis Browns to five hits in a 5–0 victory at Dunn Field. April 19 – Babe Ruth enters Fenway Park as a member of the team for the first time in his career as the Boston Red Sox sweep a doubleheader from Ruth. Ruth goes three-for-eight with an RBI, april 25 – High Pockets Kelly drives in three as the New York Giants defeat the Brooklyn Robins 5–2 in the first meeting of the National Leagues two New York teams. May 1 – The Brooklyn Robins Leon Cadore and the Boston Braves Joe Oeschger pitched 26 innings in a 1–1 tie, morning rain delayed the start of the game until 3,00 p. m. The Dodgers scored a run in the top of the fifth, the Braves tied it in the bottom of the sixth with a double by Walt Cruise and a single by Tony Boeckel. The game went into extra innings, no runs were scored for the rest of the game and it was called due to darkness in the 26th inning. May 2 – Opening day for the Negro National League, may 3 – Dutch Leonard and the Detroit Tigers defeat the Cleveland Indians 5–1 for their first win of the season versus thirteen losses. May 14 – Walter Johnson of the Washington Senators records his 300th win, may 20 – At Griffith Stadium, the Washington Senators and Chicago White Sox go into extra innings tied at three. The ChiSox score two in the fifteenth inning only to be matched by Washington in the bottom of the inning, Chicago then puts up eight runs in the sixteenth to win the game by a final score of 13–5 in sixteen innings. Red Faber pitches all sixteen innings for Chicago, june 1 – In a slugfest at Dunn Field, the Detroit Tigers defeat the Cleveland Indians 11–10. Detroits Ty Cobb goes two-for-five with two RBIs and a run scored, june 24 – Following a 5–3 loss to the Cincinnati Reds, the Philadelphia Phillies fall into last place in the National League. With the Philadelphia As having been in last place since the 13th, both Philadelphia teams spend the rest of the season in last, june 28 – The Philadelphia Athletics defeat the Washington Senators 6–2 to end an 18-game losing streak. After giving up two runs on two hits and a walk in the first inning, As starter Slim Harriss cruises the rest of the way for the game victory. July 1 – Six weeks after recording his 300th, Walter Johnson pitches the only no-hitter of his career, as the Washington Senators top the Boston Red Sox, july 27 – The Washington Senators defeat the Cleveland Indians 19–6. Indians starter Ray Caldwell lasts just 1.1 innings, and is replaced by George Uhle, who gives up four hits, Tony Faeth picks up the third out of the second inning to stop the bleeding after the Senators have plated twelve runs
9.
New York Yankees
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The Essendon Football Club is a professional Australian rules football club which plays in the Australian Football League, the sports premier competition. Formed in 1871 as a club and playing as a senior club since 1878. It is historically associated with Essendon, a suburb in the north-west of Melbourne, dyson Heppell is the current team captain. A founding member club of both the Victorian Football Association, in 1877, and the Victorian Football League, in 1896, the club claims to have over at least one million supporters Australia wide. Essendon has won 16 VFL/AFL premierships which, along with Carlton, is the most of any club in the competition, the club was founded by members of the Royal Agricultural Society, the Melbourne Hunt Club and the Victorian Woolbrokers. The Essendon Football Club is thought to have formed in 1872 at a meeting it the home of a well-known brewery family, the McCrackens, whose Ascot Vale property hosted a team of local junior players. Robert McCracken, the owner of several city hotels, was the founder and first president of the Essendon club and his son, Alex, Alex would later become president of the newly formed VFL. Alexs cousin, Collier, who had played with Melbourne, was the teams first captain. The club played its first recorded match against the Carlton second twenty on 7 June 1873, Essendon played 13 matches in its first season, winning seven, with four draws and losing two. The club was one of the junior members of the Victorian Football Association in 1877. During its early years in the Association, Essendon played its matches at Flemington Hill. In 1878, Essendon played in the first match on what would be considered by modern standards to be a field at Flemington Hill. In 1879 Essendon played Melbourne in one of the earliest night matches recorded when the ball was painted white, in 1883 the team played four matches in Adelaide. In 1891 Essendon won their first VFA premiership, which they repeated in 1892,1893 and 1894, one of the clubs greatest players, Albert Thurgood played for the club during this period. Essendon was undefeated in the 1893 season, at the end of the 1896 season Essendon along with seven other clubs formed the Victorian Football League. Essendons first VFL game was in 1897 was against Geelong at Corio Oval in Geelong, Essendon won its first VFL premiership by winning the 1897 VFL finals series. Essendon again won the premiership in 1901, defeating Collingwood in the Grand Final, the club won successive premierships in 1911 and 1912 over Collingwood and South Melbourne respectively. The nickname first appeared in print in the local North Melbourne Advertiser in 1889 and it was known firstly as Essendon Town and, after 1905, as Essendon
