Eshtaol is a moshav in central Israel, and a biblical location mentioned in the Books of Joshua and Judges and in the first Book of Chronicles. Located 6 km (4 mi) north of Beit Shemesh, it falls under the jurisdiction of Mateh Yehuda Regional Council. In 2022, it had a population of 1,191.

Mateh Yehuda Regional Council is a regional council in the Jerusalem District of Israel. In 2024 it was home to 51,125 people.