1.
Prime Minister of Finland
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The Prime Minister is the Head of Government of Finland. The Prime Minister is appointed by the President, who is the Head of State, the current Prime Minister is Juha Sipilä of the Centre Party. Parliament must ratify the nominated Prime Minister with an majority in a vote without other candidates. If the nominee doesnt receive sufficient support, then a new round of negotiations, the Presidents formal appointment follows Parliaments election. The above procedure was first used to elect Anneli Jäätteenmäki to the premiership in 2003, previously it was assumed that the President would nominate the candidate who in a third round of voting would have gained a relative majority, usually the leader of the largest party. Formally, the Prime Minister nominates the members of the Council of State. Although the Prime Minister is one of the leading political figures. This is mainly because no one party has a chance of winning an outright majority. A Prime Minister usually leads a coalition of three or more parties. The Cabinet follows a government platform agreed upon by the participating parties, kesäranta, located in the Meilahti area of Helsinki, has been the official residence of the Prime Minister of Finland since 1919. Since its independence, Finland has had 71 cabinets, including the current one, the salary of the prime minister is by law the same as the salary of the Speaker of the Parliament, which is €11,675 a month. In addition, the prime minister receives a half of the salary to which he or she is entitled as a sitting member of Parliament. The full parliamentary salary is currently at least €6,335 a month, the salary is subject to normal income tax. The prime minister is entitled to a 30-day leave during each calendar year, the maintenance, staff and services of the official residence is paid for by the government. The prime minister has transportation and security services at their disposal at all times, List of Prime Ministers of Finland List of presidents of Finland Media related to Prime ministers of Finland at Wikimedia Commons Official site From Senate to independent Government
2.
Mauno Koivisto
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Mauno Henrik Koivisto is a Finnish politician who served as the ninth President of Finland from 1982 to 1994. He also served twice as Prime Minister, from 1968 to 1970 and 1979 to 1982 and he was the first Social Democrat to be elected President of Finland. At age 93, Koivisto is currently the oldest living former Finnish president, Koivisto was born in Turku, Finland, the second son of Juho Koivisto, a carpenter at Crichton-Vulcan shipyard, and Hymni Sofia Eskola, who died when he was 10. After attending primary school, Koivisto worked a number of jobs, during the Continuation War, Koivisto served in the Infantry Detachment Törni led by the famous Lauri Törni, which was a reconnaissance detachment operating behind enemy lines. This detachment was only open to selected volunteers, during the war he received the Order of the Cross of Liberty and was promoted to the rank of corporal. While reflecting on his wartime experiences later in life, he said When you have taken part in a game in which your own life is at stake, after the war, he earned a living as a carpenter and became active in politics, joining the Social Democratic Party. In 1948 he found work at Turku harbor - in December that same year he was appointed manager of the Harbour Labour Office of Turku, Koivisto went to Hanko to take charge of the harbour-masters office and recruit workers to break the strike, the government having banned strike action. The Communist newspapers branded Koivisto as their number one due to his status as a major figure in the struggle for control of the trade unions. In addition to his engagements and ongoing career Koivisto continued with his education, passing his intermediate examination in 1947. In 1951 he became a school teacher, the following year he married Tellervo Kankaanranta. Together they had a daughter, Assi Koivisto, in 1957, Koivisto graduated from the University of Turku with a Master of Arts degree and a Licentiate in 1953, and had plans to become a sociologist. Three years later he completed his thesis, which looked at social relations in the Turku dockyards. Koivisto also served as a Vocational Counselor of the City of Turku, in 1957, he started working for the Helsinki Workers Savings Bank and served as its General Manager from 1959 to 1968. In 1968 he was appointed Chairman of the board of the Bank of Finland, the 1966 Social Democrat election victory saw the formation of a new government under Rafael Paasio, with Koivisto, the partys expert on economic policy, appointed Minister of Finance. He served as Prime Minister for two years until the Parliamentary election of 1970, which saw the parties in his coalition government suffer heavy losses. In the 1970s, President Kekkonen started to regard Koivisto as a rival and instead threw his weight behind Koivistos Social Democratic colleague. For most of the decade Koivisto concentrated mainly on his work as Chairman of the Bank of Finland until the 1979 elections saw him return as Prime Minister. By this point there was an increasing dissatisfaction with the aging President Kekkonen, whose failing health was becoming difficult to conceal, and also a perceived lack of change
3.
Martti Ahtisaari
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Martti Oiva Kalevi Ahtisaari is a Finnish politician, the tenth President of Finland, Nobel Peace Prize laureate and United Nations diplomat and mediator, noted for his international peace work. In October 2008, he was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize for his efforts on several continents, the Nobel statement said that Ahtisaari has played a prominent role in resolving many conflicts in Namibia, Aceh, Indonesia, Kosovo and Iraq, among other areas. Martti Ahtisaari was born in Viipuri, Finland and his father, Oiva Ahtisaari took Finnish citizenship in 1929 and changed his surname from Adolfsen in 1937. The Continuation War took Marttis father to the front as an NCO army mechanic, while his mother, Tyyne, Kuopio was where Ahtisaari spent most of his childhood, eventually attending the Kuopion Lyseo high school. In 1952, Martti Ahtisaari moved to Oulu with his family to seek employment, There he continued his education in high school, graduating in 1952. He also joined the local YMCA, after completing his military service, he began to study through a distance-learning course at Oulu teachers college. He was able to live at home while attending the course which enabled him to qualify as a primary-school teacher in 1959. Besides his native language, Finnish, Ahtisaari speaks Swedish, French, English, in 1960, he moved to Karachi, Pakistan, to lead the Swedish Pakistani Institutes physical education training establishment, where he became accustomed to a more international environment. In addition to managing the home, Ahtisaaris job involved training teachers. He returned to Finland in 1963, and became active in non-governmental organizations responsible for aid to developing countries and he joined the international students organisation AIESEC, where he discovered new passions about diversity and diplomacy. In 1965, he joined the Ministry for Foreign Ministry of Finland in its Bureau for International Development Aid, in 1968, he married Eeva Irmeli Hyvärinen. The couple has one son, Marko Ahtisaari, a noted musician, Ahtisaari spent several years as a diplomatic representative from Finland. He served as Finlands Ambassador to Tanzania from 1973 to 1977, from 1977 to 1981, he served as United Nations Commissioner for Namibia, working to secure the independence of Namibia from the Republic of South Africa. Ahtisaari took advice from British prime minister Margaret Thatcher, who was visiting the region at the time, a period of intense fighting ensued when at least 375 SWAPO insurgents were killed. Perhaps because of his reluctance to authorise this SADF deployment, Ahtisaari was alleged to have been targeted by the South African Civil Cooperation Bureau. According to a hearing in September 2000 of the South African Truth and Reconciliation Commission, to carry out the assault, Barnard had planned to use the grip handle of a metal saw as a knuckleduster. In the event, Ahtisaari did not attend the meeting at the Keetmanshoop Hotel, where Le Roux and Barnard lay in wait for him, after the independence elections of 1989, Ahtisaari was appointed an honorary Namibian citizen. South Africa gave him the O R Tambo award for his achievement as a diplomat and commitment to the cause of freedom in Africa
4.
Ilkka Kanerva
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Ilkka Armas Mikael Kanerva is a Finnish politician and a member of the Parliament of Finland. He was born in Lokalahti, now a part of Uusikaupunki in Southwest Finland and he was the Minister for Foreign Affairs from 2007 to 2008. Kanerva is a member of the National Coalition Party and he graduated with a masters degree in Political Science from the University of Turku in 1980. Kanerva was leader of the youth organisation Kokoomuksen Nuorten Liitto ry. from 1972 to 1976 and was first elected to the Finnish Parliament in 1975. As of 2011 he is the longest standing Member of Parliament and he has a rich experience in the Finnish national politics. During his public career, he has served as Minister for Foreign Affairs, Deputy Prime Minister, Minister of Labor, Minister of Transport, during the Finnish OSCE Chairmanship in 2008, Kanerva was the Chairman-in-Office of the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe for 2008. In 2014 he was elected president of the Parliamentary Assembly of the OSCE, currently Kanerva serves as Emeritus President and Special Representative on Mediation of Parliamentary Assembly of the OSCE. Kanerva left for a leave on 1 April, and his term officially ended on 4 April 2008. Kanerva has a career in athletics and, at an early age, he was actively practising track. From 1981 to 1982 and from 1989 to 1990 he held the chair in the Finnish Athletics National Assembly, currently Kanerva serves as Honorary Chair of the Finnish Athletics Federation. Kanerva also served as Vice-President of the Finnish Olympic Committee from 1993 to 2008, additionally, Kanerva was a council member of the International Association of the Athletics Federations 2003-2011. He was a Member of the EAA Council from 1999 to 2003, others included, Sauli Niinistö, Jyrki Katainen, Jyri Häkämies, Marja Tiura, Sampsa Kataja, Jari Koskinen and Juha Hakola. In March 2008 it was revealed that Kanerva had sent 200 SMS messages within a month to Johanna Tukiainen, Kanerva had previously sent SMS messages to nude model Marika Fingerroos in 2005. According to Kanerva, Tukiainen had wanted to perform with her group at his birthday party. On March 30 Kanerva unexpectedly cancelled his plan to participate in Lennart Meri Conference in Tallinn, Estonia, and returned to Finland. The Hymy magazine published on April 1,2008 printed several of the messages, Kanerva was granted sick leave, and later that day it was released that his term as Foreign Minister would end on April 4,2008 due to loss of confidence. He was replaced by Alexander Stubb, Kanerva was accused of and investigated in a bribery case in 2010-2013. The Helsinki Court of Appeals found him not guilty in 2013, on June 9,2011 in the Helsinki District Court Ilkka Kanerva was accused of accepting bribes
5.
Harri Holkeri
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Harri Hermanni Holkeri KBE was a Finnish statesman representing the National Coalition Party of Finland. He was the Prime Minister of Finland 1987–1991, speaker of the UN General Assembly 2000–2001, harri Holkeri was member of the board of directors of the Bank of Finland from 1978–97, and candidate in the president elections of 1982 and 1988. He also served as a member of Parliament from 1970 to 1978, on 1 July 1991 he made the worlds first GSM call. The historic call used Nokia gear on GSMs original 900MHz band and he chaired the United Nations General Assembly, 2000–2001. He also played a role in securing the Good Friday Agreement in Northern Ireland. Holkeri Cabinet Holkeri was awarded the highest Finnish honorary title of Counselor of State in 1998 by the President of Finland Martti Ahtisaari, holkeris efforts in Northern Ireland were rewarded with an honorary knighthood from Queen Elizabeth II of the United Kingdom
6.
Paavo Lipponen
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Paavo Tapio Lipponen is a Finnish politician and former reporter. He was Prime Minister of Finland from 1995 to 2003, Lipponen was born in Turtola, son of Orvo Lipponen and his wife Hilkka Iisalo. Paavos maternal grandparents were Jaakko Antero Ingman/Iisalo and his wife Siiri Törnroos, paavo Lipponen spent his childhood and youth in Kuopio. Receiving his gymnasium diploma from the Lyceum of Kuopio in 1959, he studied philosophy. Soon after returning to Finland he moved to Helsinki where he attained a masters degree in international relations from the University of Helsinki in 1971. He was the editor of the student newspaper Ylioppilaslehti 1963–1965. Lipponen made various controversial statements that angered groups such as Estonian refugees, according to Alpo Rusis book Vasemmalta ohi, Lipponen began cooperation with the East German secret police Stasi in 1969. The book suggests that Lipponen is the code name Mungo XV/326/71 in the Rosenholz files, in a 2008 interview Lipponen said that he had been a target of East German manipulation. It is rumored that Lipponen is on the so-called Tiitinen list, Alpo Rusi has also suggested that Lipponen had an alias, code, and operation in the KGB. He held various posts in the Social Democratic Party organisation from 1967 to 1979, in a speech in 1978 Lipponen asserted that he had lost his belief in socialism. Lipponen first came into the limelight when he was secretary to Prime Minister Mauno Koivisto from 1979 to 1982. Frequently having to substitute for the busy Prime Minister, Lipponen was soon dubbed vara-Manu, Lipponen was a Member of the Parliament of Finland from 1983 to 1987 and also from 1991 until he retired in 2007. In 1993 SDP chairman Ulf Sundqvist was suspected and later convicted of a financial fraud. Lipponen was elected the new chairman in 1993, and he led the party to victory in the election of 1995. Lipponen formed a cabinet of five parties including both rightist and leftist parties, Lipponens economic policies were, however, dominated by the right-wing. The main task of the cabinet was to decrease the number of unemployed, tight fiscal policies allowed the participation of Finland in the European Monetary Union, which resulted in the introduction of the Euro in 1999. Foreign trade increased above the European average 1995-1999, laws for a new constitution were passed and it took effect on 1 March 2000. Lipponen headed the SDP campaign in 1999 which resulted in losses, the coalition formed in 1995 was renewed
7.
Veteli
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Veteli is a municipality of Finland. It is located in the province of Western Finland and is part of the Central Ostrobothnia region, the municipality has a population of 3,287 and covers an area of 502.32 square kilometres of which 18.6 km2 is water. The population density is 6.54 inhabitants per square kilometre
8.
Finns
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Finns or Finnish people are a Finnic ethnic group native to Finland. Finns are traditionally divided into regional groups that span several countries adjacent to Finland. Also, some of these may be classified as ethnic groups. These include the Kvens and Forest Finns in Norway, the Tornedalians in Sweden, the most notable autochthonous group is the Finnish-speaking population of Sweden, who trace their origin to Second Swedish Crusade after which Finland came under Swedish rule. Finnish, the language spoken by most Finnic people, is related to other Finnic languages. The Finnic languages are a subgroup to the Uralic family of languages and these languages are markedly different from most other languages spoken in Europe, which belong to the Indo-European family of languages. Native Finns can also be divided according to dialect into subgroups sometimes called heimo, the Population Register Centre maintains information on the birthplace, citizenship and mother tongue of the people living in Finland, but does not specifically categorize any as Finns by ethnicity. The majority of living in the Republic of Finland consider Finnish to be their first language. According to Statistics Finland, of the total population of 5,300,484 at the end of 2007,91. 2% considered Finnish to be their native language. It is not known how many of the ethnic Finns living outside Finland speak Finnish as their first language, Finns have been traditionally divided into sub-groups along regional, dialectical or ethnographical lines. These subgroups include the people of Finland Proper, Satakunta, Tavastia, Savo and these sub-groups express regional self-identity with varying frequency and significance. Historically, there were three dialects, the South-Western, Tavastian, and Karelian, the Sweden Finns are either native to Sweden or have emigrated from Finland to Sweden. An estimated 450,000 first- or second-generation immigrants from Finland live in Sweden, the majority moved from Finland to Sweden following the Second World War, taking advantage of the rapidly expanding Swedish economy. This emigration peaked in 1970 and has been declining since, there are also native Finnish-speaking minorities in Sweden, e. g. the Tornedalingar and the Finns of Dalecarlia. The Finnish language has official status as one of five minority languages in Sweden, the term Finns is also used for other Finnic peoples, including Izhorians in Ingria, Karelians in Karelia and Veps in the former Veps National Volost, all in Russia. Among these groups, the Karelians is the most populous one, according to a 2002 census, it was found that Ingrians also indetify with Finnish ethnic identity, referring to themselves as Ingrian Finns. The Finnish term for Finns is suomalaiset and it is a matter of debate how best to designate the Finnish-speakers of Sweden, all of whom have migrated to Sweden from Finland. Historical references to Northern Europe are scarce, and the given to its peoples and geographic regions are obscure, therefore
9.
Centre Party (Finland)
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The Centre Party of Finland is a centrist, liberal, and agrarian political party in Finland. Founded in 1906 as the Agrarian League, the party represented rural communities, in the 1920s, the party emerged as the main rival to the Social Democratic Party, and the partys first Prime Minister, Kyösti Kallio, held the office four times between 1922 and 1937. After World War II, the party settled as one of the four political parties in Finland. Urho Kekkonen served as President of Finland from 1956 to 1982, the name Centre Party was adopted in 1965, and Centre of Finland in 1988. The Centre Party was the largest party in Parliament from 2003 to 2011, following the 2011 election, the party was reduced in parliamentary representation from the largest party to the fourth largest, but in 2015 it reclaimed its status as the largest party. As a Nordic agrarian party, the Centre Partys political influence is greatest in small and rural municipalities, decentralisation is the policy that is most characteristic of the Centre Party. The Centre has been the party in Finland a number of times since Finnish independence. 12 of the Prime Ministers of Finland, three of the Presidents and a former European Commissioner for Economic and Financial Affairs have been from the party, the Finnish Centre Party is the mother organisation of Finnish Centre Youth, Finnish Centre Students, and Finnish Centre Women. It is one of the four largest political parties in the country, along with the National Coalition Party, SDP and it has 49 seats in the Finnish Parliament. The Centre Party chairman is Juha Sipilä, who was elected in June 2012 to follow Mari Kiviniemi, the party was founded in 1906 as a movement of citizens in the Finnish countryside. Before Finnish independence, political power in Finland was centralised in the capital, the centralisation gave space for a new political movement. In 1906 two agrarian movements were founded and they merged in 1908 to become one political party known as the Agrarian League or Maalaisliitto. An older, related movement was the movement, which had overlapping membership. Santeri Alkio was the most important ideological father of the party, at the dawn of Finnish independence conservative social forces made an attempt to establish the Kingdom of Finland. The Agrarian League opposed monarchism fiercely even though monarchists claimed that a new king from the German Empire, at this time, anti-anarchist peasants threatened the existence of the party. Nevertheless, the news about the problems of the German Empire from German liberals encouraged the fight of Agrarian League in the Parliament, the Agrarian League managed to maintain the republican voices in the Parliament until the fall of the German Empire, which ruined the dreams of the monarchists. The relentless opposition to the monarchy was rewarded in the parliamentary election 1919, after the 1919 election, the centrist and progressive forces, including the Agrarian League, were constant members in Finnish governments. Their moderate attitude in restless post-war Finland secured a growth in following elections
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