1.
Chicago, Illinois
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Chicago, officially the City of Chicago, is the third-most populous city in the United States. With over 2.7 million residents, it is the most populous city in the state of Illinois, and it is the county seat of Cook County. In 2012, Chicago was listed as a global city by the Globalization and World Cities Research Network. Chicago has the third-largest gross metropolitan product in the United States—about $640 billion according to 2015 estimates, the city has one of the worlds largest and most diversified economies with no single industry employing more than 14% of the workforce. In 2016, Chicago hosted over 54 million domestic and international visitors, landmarks in the city include Millennium Park, Navy Pier, the Magnificent Mile, Art Institute of Chicago, Museum Campus, the Willis Tower, Museum of Science and Industry, and Lincoln Park Zoo. Chicagos culture includes the arts, novels, film, theater, especially improvisational comedy. Chicago also has sports teams in each of the major professional leagues. The city has many nicknames, the best-known being the Windy City, the name Chicago is derived from a French rendering of the Native American word shikaakwa, known to botanists as Allium tricoccum, from the Miami-Illinois language. The first known reference to the site of the current city of Chicago as Checagou was by Robert de LaSalle around 1679 in a memoir, henri Joutel, in his journal of 1688, noted that the wild garlic, called chicagoua, grew abundantly in the area. In the mid-18th century, the area was inhabited by a Native American tribe known as the Potawatomi, the first known non-indigenous permanent settler in Chicago was Jean Baptiste Point du Sable. Du Sable was of African and French descent and arrived in the 1780s and he is commonly known as the Founder of Chicago. In 1803, the United States Army built Fort Dearborn, which was destroyed in 1812 in the Battle of Fort Dearborn, the Ottawa, Ojibwe, and Potawatomi tribes had ceded additional land to the United States in the 1816 Treaty of St. Louis. The Potawatomi were forcibly removed from their land after the Treaty of Chicago in 1833, on August 12,1833, the Town of Chicago was organized with a population of about 200. Within seven years it grew to more than 4,000 people, on June 15,1835, the first public land sales began with Edmund Dick Taylor as U. S. The City of Chicago was incorporated on Saturday, March 4,1837, as the site of the Chicago Portage, the city became an important transportation hub between the eastern and western United States. Chicagos first railway, Galena and Chicago Union Railroad, and the Illinois, the canal allowed steamboats and sailing ships on the Great Lakes to connect to the Mississippi River. A flourishing economy brought residents from rural communities and immigrants from abroad, manufacturing and retail and finance sectors became dominant, influencing the American economy. The Chicago Board of Trade listed the first ever standardized exchange traded forward contracts and these issues also helped propel another Illinoisan, Abraham Lincoln, to the national stage
Chicago, Illinois
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Clockwise from top:
Downtown Chicago, the
Chicago Theatre, the
'L',
Navy Pier,
Millennium Park, the
Field Museum, and the
Willis Tower.
Chicago, Illinois
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Traditional
Potawatomi costume on display at the
Field Museum
Chicago, Illinois
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A 1903 painting of Chicago in 1833
Chicago, Illinois
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An artist's rendering of the
Great Chicago Fire of 1871
2.
Greenwich Academy
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Greenwich Academy is an independent, college-preparatory day school for girls and young women in Greenwich, Connecticut. Founded in 1827, it is the oldest girls school in Connecticut, Greenwich Academys motto is Ad ingenium faciendum, Toward the Building of Character. The current Head of School is Molly H. King, the current Head of Lower School is Jon Ross-Wiley. The current Head of Middle School is Becky Walker, the current Head of Upper School is Tom Sullivan. Greenwich Academy was founded by members of the Congregational Church in 1827, until the turn of the twentieth century, the school admitted both girls and boys. Then, in 1900, a Greenwich Academy English teacher founded the Brunswick School for Boys. In 1913, the Greenwich Academy Board of Trustees formally approved the decision to accept girls in the Middle and Upper Schools. The newly chartered school was led by strong female educators, including Ruth West Campbell, succeeding heads—Katherine Zierleyn, Alexander A. Uhle and Patsy G. Howard—oversaw impressive growth in the facilities and student body and expanded the academic and extracurricular offerings. In July 2004, Molly H. King, a firmly committed to modeling excellence. Greenwich Academy is located on a 39-acre campus in central Greenwich, Campus facilities include Ruth West Campbell Hall, buildings for the Lower, Middle and Upper Schools, and the Ridgeview Avenue Campus that accommodates the Pre-Connecting and Connecting classes. Pre-Connecting and Connecting Class students are housed at our Ridgeview Avenue Campus that features four classrooms, a large playground, the Lower School includes 8 classrooms for students in Groups I-IV. There is an art studio, computer lab, music room, science lab, additionally, there are support spaces for tutoring and counseling, as well as a large playground. Renovated in 2009, the Middle School was awarded LEED Silver certification from the US Green Building Council, Green features include photovoltaics and daylight harvesting in which lights automatically adjust based on amount of sunlight entering through windows. There are 23 classrooms, three science labs, an art studio and a lab in the Middle School. The Patsy G. Ruth West Campbell Hall is named after the headmistress from 1925 to 1955. In 1950, Greenwich Academy purchased the old Rockefeller estate at 200 North Maple Avenue, its current location, the building houses administrative offices, admissions, meeting space, and the school store. The Performing Arts Center contains Massey Theater a four hundred seat theater, a room, a dance studio. The theater complex contains a shop and a costume shop
Greenwich Academy
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Ad ingenium faciendum (
Latin)
3.
Convent of the Sacred Heart (New York)
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Convent of the Sacred Heart is an independent Roman Catholic all-girl school in the Manhattan borough of New York City. Teaching from pre-kindergarten all the way through to grade, it is located on Manhattans Upper East Side at East 91st Street. The school is housed in the former Otto H. Kahn House, Burden House, both of which are New York City-Designated Landmarks. Founded in 1881 by the Society of the Sacred Heart, a Roman Catholic congregation established in France in 1800, the school was originally housed in a Manhattan brownstone on Madison Avenue at East 54th Street. By the 1930s, the school had outgrown its Madison Avenue space, in 1940, the Society acquired the Burden mansion next door. It is operated independently as part of the Network of Sacred Heart Schools, the school is also associated with the New York Interschool Association. Sacred Heart is accredited by the New York State Association of Independent Schools, as of September 2014, the athletic center is open. There are 40+ after-school activities available every fall, winter and spring to Lower School students, there are 40+ clubs and activities available to Middle School students. There are 30+ clubs and activities available to Upper School students, the school participates in eleven interscholastic sports disciplines. There is an athletic building at 406 91st Street near 1st Ave
Convent of the Sacred Heart (New York)
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The convent is housed in the former
Otto H. Kahn and
James A. Burden houses (left to right)
4.
Manhattanville College
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Manhattanville College is a private, coeducational liberal arts college offering undergraduate and graduate degrees, located in Purchase, New York. Founded in 1841 at 412 Houston Street in Manhattan, it was initially as Manhattanville College of the Sacred Heart. Manhattanvilles mission is to educate students to become ethically and socially responsible leaders for the global community, the school moved to its current location in Purchase, New York in 1952. Approximately 1,700 undergraduate and 1,000 graduate students attend Manhattanville, Manhattanville students come from 76 countries and 48 states. The architectural and administrative centerpiece of the Manhattanville campus, Reid Hall is named after Whitelaw Reid, on either side of Reid Hall stand academic buildings on one side and on the other residence halls around a central quad designed by Frederick Law Olmsted, the designer of Central Park. The Manhattanville community regards the central quad and buildings as representing the academic vision of the commitment to integrated learning. Other historic buildings include Lady Chapel, the President’s Cottage known as the Barbara Debs House, the old Stables, Manhattanville traces its origins to an Academy of the Sacred Heart founded nearly 175 years ago on the Lower East Side of New York City. In August 1841 the Society of the Sacred Heart, a Catholic religious order dedicated to the education of young women, in September 1844 the boarding school moved to Ravenswood in Astoria, Queens. However, within two years the location proved too remote, in 1847 the growing Academy relocated to the former estate of Jacob Lorillard in the village of Manhattanville on the Upper West Side of Manhattan. At the time the town was eight miles north of New York City. By the Civil War the Manhattanville Academy counted 280 pupils, the Academy was always diverse with a substantial proportion of the student body from Latin America and Europe. In 1880 the Academy began offering a two-year post-high school program for its students, in the early 20th century higher education opportunities for women increased as many academies transitioned to colleges. The first degrees were given in 1918, the Absolute Charter was signed May 29,1919. In 1935, The College of the Sacred Heart was accredited by the prestigious Association of American Universities, the name was officially changed to Manhattanville College of the Sacred Heart in 1937. In the 1930s the Manhattanville student body consisted of approximately 200 students, though small, the college made headlines across the country for taking a strong position promoting racial equality decades before the Civil Rights Movement. In May 1933 students created the Manhattanville Resolutions a document that pledged an active student commitment to racial justice and this commitment was tested when the first African-American student was admitted to the college in 1938. Alumni response to a student body was mixed. While the vast majority of letters praised Manhattanville for its courageous action, President Grace Dammann, RSCJ, viewed the negative responses as an opportunity to open hearts, at the annual Class Day reunion on May 31,1938, she delivered a passionate speech entitled Principles Versus Prejudices
Manhattanville College
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The architectural and administrative centerpiece of the Manhattanville campus, Reid Hall (1864), is named after
Whitelaw Reid, owner of the
New York Tribune.
Manhattanville College
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The restored nineteenth-century "Lady Chapel" in Ohnell Environmental Park
Manhattanville College
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The Quadrangle at Manhattanville College.
5.
Democratic Party (United States)
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The Democratic Party is one of the two major contemporary political parties in the United States, along with the Republican Party. The Democrats dominant worldview was once socially conservative and fiscally classical liberalism, while, especially in the rural South, since Franklin D. Roosevelt and his New Deal coalition in the 1930s, the Democratic Party has also promoted a social-liberal platform, supporting social justice. Today, the House Democratic caucus is composed mostly of progressives and centrists, the partys philosophy of modern liberalism advocates social and economic equality, along with the welfare state. It seeks to provide government intervention and regulation in the economy, the party has united with smaller left-wing regional parties throughout the country, such as the Farmer–Labor Party in Minnesota and the Nonpartisan League in North Dakota. Well into the 20th century, the party had conservative pro-business, the New Deal Coalition of 1932–1964 attracted strong support from voters of recent European extraction—many of whom were Catholics based in the cities. After Franklin D. Roosevelts New Deal of the 1930s, the pro-business wing withered outside the South, after the racial turmoil of the 1960s, most southern whites and many northern Catholics moved into the Republican Party at the presidential level. The once-powerful labor union element became smaller and less supportive after the 1970s, white Evangelicals and Southerners became heavily Republican at the state and local level in the 1990s. However, African Americans became a major Democratic element after 1964, after 2000, Hispanic and Latino Americans, Asian Americans, the LGBT community, single women and professional women moved towards the party as well. The Northeast and the West Coast became Democratic strongholds by 1990 after the Republicans stopped appealing to socially liberal voters there, overall, the Democratic Party has retained a membership lead over its major rival the Republican Party. The most recent was the 44th president Barack Obama, who held the office from 2009 to 2017, in the 115th Congress, following the 2016 elections, Democrats are the opposition party, holding a minority of seats in both the House of Representatives and the Senate. The party also holds a minority of governorships, and state legislatures, though they do control the mayoralty of cities such as New York City, Los Angeles, Chicago, Houston, and Washington, D. C. The Democratic Party traces its origins to the inspiration of the Democratic-Republican Party, founded by Thomas Jefferson, James Madison and that party also inspired the Whigs and modern Republicans. Organizationally, the modern Democratic Party truly arose in the 1830s, since the nomination of William Jennings Bryan in 1896, the party has generally positioned itself to the left of the Republican Party on economic issues. They have been liberal on civil rights issues since 1948. On foreign policy both parties changed position several times and that party, the Democratic-Republican Party, came to power in the election of 1800. After the War of 1812 the Federalists virtually disappeared and the national political party left was the Democratic-Republicans. The Democratic-Republican party still had its own factions, however. As Norton explains the transformation in 1828, Jacksonians believed the peoples will had finally prevailed, through a lavishly financed coalition of state parties, political leaders, and newspaper editors, a popular movement had elected the president
Democratic Party (United States)
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Andrew Jackson was the first Democratic
President of the United States
Democratic Party (United States)
Democratic Party (United States)
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The three leaders of the Democratic party during the first half of the 20th century: President
Woodrow Wilson (nominated in 1912 and '16) Sec. of State
William J. Bryan (nominated in 1896, 1900 and 1908),
Josephus Daniels,
Breckinridge Long,
William Phillips, and
Franklin D. Roosevelt (nominated for VP in 1920 and for president in 1932, 36,'40 and 44)
Democratic Party (United States)
–
John F. Kennedy,
35th President of the United States (1961–1963)
6.
Robert F. Kennedy
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Robert Francis Bobby Kennedy, commonly known by his initials RFK, was an American politician from Massachusetts. He served as the United States junior senator from New York from January 1965 until his assassination in June 1968. He was previously the 64th U. S. Attorney General from January 1961 to September 1964, serving under his older brother President John F. Kennedy and his successor, Kennedy was a member of the Democratic Party, and is seen as an icon of modern American liberalism. After serving in the United States Naval Reserve as a Seaman Apprentice from 1944 to 1946, Kennedy graduated from Harvard University, prior to entering public office, he worked as a correspondent for The Boston Post and as an assistant counsel to the Senate committee chaired by Joe McCarthy. Kennedy was the manager for his brother John in the 1960 presidential election. He was appointed Attorney General after the election and served as the closest adviser to the president from 1961 to 1963. His tenure is best known for its advocacy for the Civil Rights Movement, the fight against organized crime and the Mafia, after his brothers assassination, he remained in office in the Johnson administration for a few months. He left to run for the United States Senate in New York in 1964, in 1968, Kennedy was a leading candidate for the Democratic nomination for the presidency, he appealed especially to poor, African-American, Hispanic, Catholic and young voters. Robert F. Kennedy was born on November 20,1925, in Brookline, Massachusetts and his older brothers were Joseph P. Kennedy Jr. and John F. Jack Kennedy, who was elected the 35th President of the United States in 1960. His younger brother was longtime United States Senator Edward M. Ted Kennedy, all four of his grandparents were children of Irish immigrants. His father was a businessman and a leading Irish Catholic figure in the Democratic Party. After he stepped down as ambassador to the United Kingdom in 1940, Joe Sr. focused his attention on his oldest son, Joseph Jr. expecting that he would enter politics and be elected president. He also urged the children to examine and discuss current events in order to propel them to public service. After Joseph Jr. was killed during World War II, the senior Kennedys hopes fell on his son, John. Joseph Sr. had the money and connections to play a role in the familys political ambitions. Kennedys older brother John was often bedridden by illness and, as a result, although he made little effort to get to know his younger brother during his childhood, John would take him for walks and regale him with the stories of heroes and adventures he had read. One of their favorite authors was John Buchan, who wrote The Thirty-Nine Steps, John sometimes referred to Robert as Black Robert due to his prudishness and disposition. He described his position in the hierarchy by saying, When you come from that far down
Robert F. Kennedy
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Kennedy appearing before the Platform Committee, 1964
Robert F. Kennedy
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The Kennedy family at
Hyannisport in 1931 with Robert on bottom left in jacket. Ted was born the following year.
Robert F. Kennedy
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Robert,
Ted, and
President John F. Kennedy outside the
Oval Office in 1963.
Robert F. Kennedy
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Kennedy speaking to a civil rights crowd in front of the
Justice Department on June 14, 1963.
7.
Kathleen Kennedy Townsend
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Kathleen Hartington Kennedy Townsend is an American attorney who was the sixth Lieutenant Governor of Maryland from 1995 to 2003. She ran unsuccessfully for Governor of Maryland in 2002, in 2010 Townsend became the chair of the non-profit American Bridge, an organization whose focus is to raise funds for Democratic candidates and causes. She is a member of the Kennedy family and she was named after her aunt, Kathleen Cavendish, Marchioness of Hartington. It was not assumed that the girls in the politically oriented Kennedy family would run for office or become public persons, while she was growing up. However, after her uncle President John F. Kennedy was assassinated, her father wrote her saying, be kind to others and work for your country. Her family gave her the nicknames Clean Kathleen, the Nun, over the summer of 1964, Kennedy won four blue ribbons for her excellence in horsemanship. On August 29,1965, the fourteen-year-old Kennedy was somersaulted by her horse while competing at Sea Flash Farms in West Barnstable and she was left unconscious and bleeding internally and was rushed to Cape Cod Hospital, located fifteen miles away. Her family was en route to Hyannis Port at the time of the incident and was not located for another three hours and she was sixteen when her father was assassinated. She spent most of her childhood in McLean, Virginia, and attended Stone Ridge School in nearby Bethesda and she graduated from The Putney School in Vermont. She attended Radcliffe College, receiving her bachelors degree in history and she then studied at the University of New Mexico School of Law, receiving her Juris Doctor degree in 1978. For several years, she worked as an attorney in New Haven, Connecticut and she also worked on her uncle Ted Kennedys 1980 presidential campaign, stumped for local Democrats, and was a policy analyst for the Massachusetts governors office in the early 1980s. The family moved to Maryland, her husbands home state, in 1984, incumbent Republican Helen Delich Bentley defeated her 59% to 41%. She then went to work for the government of Maryland. In 1994, Parris Glendening was running for Governor in a contested primary against then-Lt. Governor Melvin A. Steinberg when he selected her as his running mate, experts did not believe she would be an asset, but her name recognition and her fund-raising skills, helped him to win. In the general election, Glendening and Townsend beat Republican candidate Ellen Sauerbrey in one of Marylands closest and most controversial gubernatorial elections. After unofficial results indicated that Sauerbrey had lost the election by a narrow margin, the official vote tally declared Glendening the winner by 5,993 votes out of 1.4 million. Sauerbrey hired an election specialist known for aggressive tactics then filed a lawsuit alleging that 50,000 votes had been cast illegally
Kathleen Kennedy Townsend
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Townsend in 2001
Kathleen Kennedy Townsend
–
Life
8.
Joseph P. Kennedy II
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Joseph Patrick Joe Kennedy II is an American businessman, Democratic politician, and a member of the Kennedy family. He served as a member of the U. S. House of Representatives from the 8th congressional district of Massachusetts from 1987 to 1999. In 1979 he founded and, until election to the U. S. House, led Citizens Energy Corporation and he is the eldest son of U. S. Senator Robert F. Kennedy and Ethel Kennedy as well as the eldest grandson of Joseph P. Kennedy, Sr. Kennedy was born in Brighton, a neighborhood of Boston, Massachusetts, the second of 11 children of Ethel and Robert Francis Kennedy. He was named after his grandfather Joseph P. Kennedy, Sr. the patriarch of the Kennedy family and he had a troubled youth, and was expelled from several private schools as a result of his quick temper. He regularly got into fights with his brothers and male cousins. Kennedy attended the University of California, Berkeley in Berkeley, California, during 1972, after this he worked for several months as part of a federally funded program to combat and treat tuberculosis in the African American community in San Francisco, California. San Francisco Mayor Joseph Alioto personally praised Kennedys work in the community, Kennedy resigned from his position in the program, and returned to Massachusetts in the summer of 1973. On February 22,1972, Kennedy was on Lufthansa Flight 649 when it was hijacked, in August 1973, a Jeep he was driving overturned, fracturing one of his brother David Kennedys vertebrae, and permanently paralyzing Davids girlfriend, Pam Kelley. The police cited Kennedy with reckless driving and the judge temporarily suspended his drivers license, the Kennedy family paid for Kelley’s initial medical treatment and her continued care during the years following the accident. Kennedy returned to school after the accident, and graduated with a Bachelor of Arts degree from the University of Massachusetts Boston in Boston, Massachusetts, in 1979, Kennedy founded Citizens Energy, a non-profit organization, to provide discounted heating oil to low-income families. In 1986, incumbent Democrat and Speaker of the House Thomas Phillip Tip ONeill, Jr. who had held 8th Congressional district seat since 1953, announced his retirement. Kennedy decided to run for the seat, which his uncle, the Democratic nomination was contested by a number of well-known Democrats including State Senator George Bachrach and State Representative Mel King. However, Kennedy garnered endorsements from The Boston Globe and the retiring ONeill, Kennedy won the primary with 53%. He won the election with 72% of the vote. He won re-election in 1988,1990,1992,1994, Kennedys legislative efforts in U. S. House of Representatives included, Expanding the availability of credit to working Americans to buy homes and to open businesses. Requiring public disclosure of bank-lending practices in poorer neighborhoods and disclosure of bank home-mortgage approvals and refusals by race, sex, subsequent Federal Reserve Board studies based on these newly required disclosures found widespread evidence of discriminatory-loan practices. One study found that white borrowers in the category were approved for mortgages more than African American borrowers in the highest-income category
Joseph P. Kennedy II
–
Joseph Kennedy
Joseph P. Kennedy II
–
Life
9.
Robert F. Kennedy Jr.
–
Robert Francis Kennedy Jr. is an American radio host, environmental activist, author and attorney specializing in environmental law. He is an Irish American, son of Robert Francis Bobby Kennedy, Kennedy is President of the Board of Waterkeeper Alliance, a non-profit focused on grass-roots efforts to protect and enhance waterways worldwide. He currently co-hosts Ring of Fire, a nationally syndicated American radio program, Kennedy has written three political books and two childrens books. Kennedy was born in Washington, D. C and he is the third of eleven children born to Senator Robert F. Kennedy and socialite Ethel Skakel Kennedy, and a nephew of World War II casualty Joseph Patrick Joe Kennedy Jr. President John Fitzgerald Jack Kennedy, and longtime Senator Edward Moore Ted Kennedy, Kennedy was 9 years old when his uncle John F. Kennedy was assassinated while serving as president. Kennedy remembered crying with his father upon seeing him after hearing of his uncles assassination and he had been informed by his mother of President Kennedys death. He was 14 years old when his father was assassinated while running for president in the 1968 election and he spoke and read excerpts from his fathers speeches at the Mass commemorating his death at Arlington National Cemetery. Following his fathers death, Kennedy had difficulty coping and got in trouble at home and with the law, getting arrested for loitering, at 15, Kennedy was expelled from Millbrook School in New York state because of his bad behavior and poor grades. He went on to earn a J. D. from the University of Virginia, in 1983, Kennedy was hired by New York County District Attorney and longtime family friend Robert M. Morgenthau to be an office assistant. In July 1983, after his attempt, Kennedy passed the bar examination in the State of New York. Less than a later he was disbarred and fired from the District Attorneys office for drug abuse. He was readmitted to the bar in 1985, in September 1983, Kennedy was charged with heroin possession in South Dakota when he became ill in the lavatory of an airplane that stopped in Rapid City, South Dakota. In February 1984, he pleaded guilty to a charge of possessing heroin. He was sentenced to community service after being sent to rehab, in 1984, Kennedy joined the Riverkeeper organization to satisfy the 1,500 hours community service to which he was sentenced. Riverkeeper was founded in 1966 by a group of fishermen and residents from New York with the goal of maintaining the purity of New York City drinking water, while there, Kennedy worked with the group to sue alleged polluters of the Hudson River. After his 1,500 hours were complete, the group hired Kennedy as its chief attorney, Robert Boyle, Riverkeepers founder and former president, fired Wegner but Kennedy re-hired him. Eight members of the Riverkeeper board, as well as Boyle, walked out of the meeting in protest of Kennedys actions. Kennedy also founded and is the current chairman of the umbrella organization Waterkeeper Alliance, today there are 191 waterkeeper programs worldwide operating under the trademarked Riverkeeper, Lakekeeper, Baykeeper, or Coastkeeper names
Robert F. Kennedy Jr.
–
Kennedy in October 2014
Robert F. Kennedy Jr.
–
Kennedy during a 2007 speech in
Urbana, Illinois
Robert F. Kennedy Jr.
–
Life
10.
David A. Kennedy
–
David Anthony Kennedy was the fourth of eleven children of Robert F. Kennedy and Ethel Skakel. David Anthony Kennedy, born on June 15,1955 in Washington, D. C. was the child of Robert F. Kennedy. As a child, David was shy, introverted and sensitive, Kennedy had been knocked over by a wave and was trapped on the bottom by the undertow. His father dove under the water and rescued him, scraping and bruising his own forehead in the process, frankenheimer gave Senator Kennedy theatrical makeup to hide the bruise, as he would be appearing on television hours later. The event left a scar on David and he began recreational drug use shortly thereafter. A1973 Jeep accident left Kennedys then girlfriend, Pamela Kelley and his oldest brother, Joseph Kennedy II, had been driving the Jeep and was charged with reckless driving. Kennedy sustained a fractured vertebra and became addicted to the painkillers he was given in the hospital and he began using heroin intravenously that autumn in his final year at Middlesex School in Concord, Massachusetts. Kennedy spent two years as a student at Harvard College, pursuing a major in American history before dropping out in 1976 and he had ambitions of becoming a journalist and spent several months as an intern for a Tennessee newspaper in 1974. Some staff there were impressed with his aptitude, in 1974 Kennedy and his siblings were the target of kidnap threats, and were given Secret Service protection. He was frequently seen in Manhattan discos with a succession of attractive women and his most notable involvement was with British actress Rachel Ward, whom he met in one such establishment in 1979. Kennedy was diagnosed twice with bacterial endocarditis, an inflammation of the heart often associated with the use of intravenous drugs, as well as experiencing drug overdoses in 1976 and 1978, he also had some skirmishes with the law, including speeding offenses and a Driving under the influence~DUI. In the spring of 1984, Kennedy completed a stay at St. Marys Hospital. On April 19, he flew down to Palm Beach, Florida for Easter, Kennedy checked into Room 107 of the Brazilian Court Hotel and spent the next few days partying. On April 25, staff went to check on his welfare at the insistence of concerned family members, he was dead on the floor of his suite from an overdose of cocaine, Demerol. He was interred on April 27 in the plot at Holyhood Cemetery in Brookline. David was the first of four of Joseph Kennedys young adult grandchildren to die prematurely and he was later followed in death by his younger brother Michael and cousins John, Jr. and Kara. RFK, A Candid Biography of Bobby Kennedy by C. David Heymann,1998 Searching For The Impossible, the Kennedys, An American Drama by Peter Collier and David Horowitz,1984
David A. Kennedy
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Kennedy in 1968
David A. Kennedy
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Life
11.
Courtney Kennedy Hill
–
Mary Courtney Kennedy-Hill is the fifth of the eleven children of Robert Francis Kennedy and Ethel Skakel. Through her job at the Childrens Television Workshop, she met ABC sports producer Jeffrey Robert Ruhe, son of Robert Ruhe, the couple married on June 14,1980, in Washington, D. C. and were divorced in 1990. She married Paul Michael Hill on June 26,1993, on a boat in the Aegean Sea, Hill is an Irishman who was wrongly imprisoned for 15 years after being convicted of several bombings carried out by the IRA. However, he was found to have been convicted unjustly. Kennedy and Hill were reportedly introduced by her mother, the couple have one daughter, Saoirse Roisin Hill. The couple lived in Ireland from 2002 to 2006, in February 2006, they legally separated. Courtney Hill was formerly a representative for the United Nations AIDS Foundation
Courtney Kennedy Hill
–
Life
12.
Michael LeMoyne Kennedy
–
Michael LeMoyne Kennedy was the sixth of eleven children of Robert F. Kennedy and Ethel Skakel. Kennedy was born in Washington, D. C and he was 5 years old when his uncle, President of the United States John F. Kennedy, was assassinated and 10 years old when his father, presidential candidate, Robert F. Kennedy, also was assassinated. He graduated with a Bachelor of Science degree from Harvard College in 1980, Kennedy was the head of his brother Joes non-profit organization, Citizens Energy Corporation. He also helped organize his uncle Ted Kennedys re-election campaign against Mitt Romney in 1994, Kennedy married Victoria Denise Gifford, daughter of former pro-football player and sportscaster Frank Gifford and Maxine Avis Ewart, on March 14,1981, in New York City. They had one son, Michael LeMoyne Kennedy, Jr. and two daughters, Kyle Francis Kennedy, Rory Gifford-Kennedy, and resided in Cohasset, Massachusetts, until his death in December 1997. In 2014, his son Michael, Jr. and wife Mary gave birth to a son, Michael LeMoyne Kennedy III and later a daughter in 2016, Kyle and her husband Liam Kerr had three children, two sons Conor and Declan. A daughter, Josie, who was Conors twin, died in infancy in 2014, in 1997 the news broke that Michael, Sr. was having an affair with the familys former babysitter. Allegations were reported that the affair had begun three years before, when the babysitter was 14 years old. Kennedy took and passed three lie detector tests claiming he had not had sex with the Cohasset teen until she was 16 years old, Kennedy was placed under investigation for statutory rape. The babysitter, however, did not cooperate with prosecutors, shortly after the scandal began, Kennedy and his wife separated. After the affair, he checked himself into a Maryland rehab center for alcoholics, Kennedy died on December 31,1997, in a skiing accident in Aspen Mountain, Colorado. He was playing football while on skis with several members of the Kennedy family when at approximately 4,15 p. m. he hit a tree. Kennedy was not wearing a helmet or other safety equipment, some have stated that the family had been previously warned by the ski patrol to cease the activity. Others have stated that the ski patrol issued no such warnings, following the accident Kennedy was taken to Aspen Valley Hospital where he was pronounced dead at 5,50 p. m. He was interred on January 3,1998, in the plot at Holyhood Cemetery in Brookline. Kennedy family tree Kennedy Curse List of skiing deaths Michael LeMoyne Kennedy at the Internet Movie Database Michael Kennedy at Find a Grave
Michael LeMoyne Kennedy
–
Life
13.
Kerry Kennedy
–
Mary Kerry Kennedy is an American human rights activist and writer. She is the child and third daughter of Robert F. Kennedy. She was known as Kerry Kennedy Cuomo from 1991 until 2003 and she is the president of Robert F. Kennedy Human Rights. She is also a niece of the late President John F. Kennedy and United States Senator Ted Kennedy, Kennedy was born in Boston, Massachusetts. Three days after her birth, her father resigned as chief counsel of the Senate Rackets Committee and her father was assassinated in 1968. She is a graduate of The Putney School and Brown University and she became president of the Robert F. Kennedy Center for Human Rights in 1988 and was the Executive Director of the Robert F. Kennedy Memorial until 1995. She is the Honorary President of the Robert F. Kennedy Foundation of Europe and she is also the chair of the Amnesty International Leadership Council, and has been published in The Boston Globe, The Chicago Sun-Times, and The New York Times. Kennedy also travels the country giving speeches and presentations and calling on her audiences to stand up, Kennedy is the author of Being Catholic Now, Prominent Americans talk about Change in the Church and the Quest for Meaning. Kennedys life has been devoted to justice, to the promotion and protection of basic rights. Kennedy is the president of Robert F. Kennedy Human Rights and she has concentrated specifically on women’s rights, particularly honor killings, sexual slavery, domestic violence, workplace discrimination, and sexual assault. She has worked in over 60 countries and led hundreds of human rights delegations, Kennedy established RFK Center Partners for Human Rights in 1986 to ensure the protection of rights codified under the U. N. RFK Partners provides support to human rights defenders around the world. Kennedy also founded RFK Compass, which works on sustainable investing with leaders in the financial community and she started the RFK Training Institute in Florence, Italy, which offers courses of study to leading human rights defenders across the globe. This book has been translated into 6 languages, with more coming, as a special correspondent for the environmental magazine television program, Network Earth, she reported on human rights and the environment. She interviewed human rights leaders for Voice of America, Kennedy is Chair of the Amnesty International USA Leadership Council. Nominated by President Bush and confirmed by the Senate, she serves on the board of directors of the United States Institute of Peace, as well as Human Rights First, and Inter Press Service. She is a patron of the Bloody Sunday Trust and serves on the Editorial Board of Advisors of the Buffalo Human Rights Law Review. Kennedy was named Woman of the Year 2001 by Save the Children, Humanitarian of the Year Award from the South Asian Media Awards Foundation, in 2008, she received the Eleanor Roosevelt Medal of Honor and the Thomas More Award from Boston College Law School
Kerry Kennedy
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Kerry Kennedy in Cambridge, Massachusetts, 2008
Kerry Kennedy
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Life
Kerry Kennedy
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Political activities
14.
Christopher G. Kennedy
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Christopher George Chris Kennedy is a Chicago businessman and chairman of Joseph P. Kennedy Enterprises, Inc. He is the son of former U. S. Senator Robert F. Kennedy, and is a member of the Kennedy family, Kennedy formerly served as chairman of the Board of Trustees for the University of Illinois from 2009 to 2015. Until April 2012, he was president of Merchandise Mart Properties. On February 8,2017, Kennedy announced his candidacy as a Democrat for the 2018 Illinois governors race, Kennedy was born in Boston, Massachusetts, to Robert Francis Kennedy and Ethel Kennedy, the eighth of their eleven children. He is one of four grandchildren of Joseph P. Kennedy, Sr. and Rose Fitzgerald Kennedy born during the administration of his uncle U. S. President John F. Kennedy. His siblings are, He grew up at his home, Hickory Hill, in McLean, Virginia. He transferred to Georgetown Preparatory School in North Bethesda, Maryland, also a suburb of Washington, while in high school, he volunteered at a home for runaway youth. Kennedy graduated from Boston College in Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts, with a Bachelor of Arts degree in science in 1986. In 1994, he graduated with a master of business degree from the Kellogg School of Management at Northwestern University in Evanston. Kennedy is chairman of the Kennedy family investment firm Joseph P Kennedy Enterprises and he is a member of the mutual fund board of trustees for Ariel Investments. Kennedy was the president of Merchandise Mart Properties in Chicago, Illinois, the property was originally owned by the Kennedy family until it was sold to Vornado Realty Trust, a real estate investment trust. The Mart spans two city blocks and rises twenty-five stories for a total of 4, in May 2012, Kennedy started the Chicago-based non-profit Top Box Foods. The organization was created as a way to get discounted groceries to families who live in areas that either lack grocery stores or have an abundance of fast food, Kennedy initially invested $150,000 to get Top Box started, and subsequently designed the organization to be self-sustaining. Top Box as an organization purchases food, boxes it in various combinations and delivers it monthly to churches and organizations in mostly low-income neighborhoods. The food items in the box change from month to month and include a variety of fruits, vegetables, meats. The boxes can be ordered online or through the organizations where the boxes are delivered, Kennedy met Sheila Sinclair-Berner, an Illinois native, while attending Boston College. After graduating from college in 1986, Kennedy moved to Illinois, the couple had four children, Katherine Berner-Kennedy, Christopher George Kennedy, Jr
Christopher G. Kennedy
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Life
15.
Max Kennedy
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Matthew Maxwell Taylor Max Kennedy is an American author and the ninth child of Robert F. Kennedy and Ethel Skakel Kennedy, and a member of the Kennedy family. Kennedy was born in New York City, and baptized by Monsignor William McCormack in Manhattans St. Patricks Cathedral and he is named after General Maxwell D. Taylor, then serving as the American Ambassador to Vietnam, who did not attend the baptism. Kennedy attended Phillips Academy in Andover, Massachusetts, graduating from Harvard College where he majored in American history, Max was a member of the Spee Club of Harvard University, a Final Club. He married Victoria Anne Strauss, the granddaughter of Maurice Moe Strauss on July 13,1991 in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, both he and his wife graduated in 1992 from the University of Virginia School of Law, where he was elected president of the Student Legal Forum. Both his father and his uncle, Senator Ted Kennedy had served as presidents of the Student Legal Forum, Kennedy wrote the national best-selling book titled Make Gentle the Life of This World, The Vision of Robert F. Kennedy and the Words That Inspired Him. He is also the author of Dangers Hour, The Story of the USS Bunker Hill and the Kamikaze Pilot Who Crippled Her, the book garnered praise from filmmaker Ken Burns, journalist Tom Brokaw, and historians Walter Isaacson, Doris Kearns Goodwin, and Stanley Karnow. Collaborating with Harvard documentary filmmaker Randolph Bell, he is writing, producing and his articles have appeared in DoubleTake Magazine, Conde Nast Traveller, and Escape Magazine. He began his law career in July 1992 by serving for three years as an assistant district attorney in Philadelphia, serving as a Director of the Robert F. Kennedy Memorial, Mr. Kennedy has led human rights missions to Haiti, South Africa, and Kenya. He co-founded the Urban Ecology Institute at Boston College – where he taught in the Biology, an avid civil rights and environmental rights advocate, Mr. Kennedy spoke at the Loyola Marymount University Bellarmine Forum in 2006 on the importance of urban ecology. Mr. Kennedy is working with the Pearl Coalition to build a museum of remembrance, while at Georgetown University, he concentrated on Latin-American history, and has made dozens of trips through Central and Latin America, spending time in nearly every country in South America. He joined a Venezuelan mapping team to attempt to create the first detailed maps of the reaches of the Rio Caroni. Max Kennedy partially financed and produced two Venezuelan historical long featured films about Manuela Saenz in 2000 and Francisco de Miranda in 2005 and his name appears on the credits of both films and other Venezuelan films to which he has contributed. Kennedy has toured the Venezuelan Barrios, and was involved in the fundraising of donations from the U. S. to the homeless children’s shelter run by Fundación Atenea in Caracas. He is currently a fellow at the John Carter Brown Library for Advanced Research in History. Although Kennedy has never run for office, he has shown a consistent interest in public affairs. Kennedy began working as an organizer for the first congressional campaign of Joseph Kennedy in 1986. Later, he managed the campaign for Senator Edward M. Kennedy in 2000. In 2001 the Boston and New York media touted Kennedy as a candidate for Massachusettss 9th congressional district
Max Kennedy
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Life
16.
Douglas Harriman Kennedy
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Douglas Harriman Kennedy is the tenth child of Robert F. Kennedy and Ethel Kennedy, named in honor of W. Averell Harriman, a family friend and former governor of New York. Kennedy was born in Washington, D. C and he married Molly Elizabeth Stark, daughter of John Sherwood Stark and Sharon Ellen Wing, on August 22,1998 in Nantucket, Massachusetts. Kennedy graduated from Georgetown Preparatory School and Brown University and began his career as a print journalist with The Nantucket Beacon and he joined Fox News Channel as a general assignment reporter in August 1996 and hosts a bi-weekly program on the network, Douglas Kennedy’s American Stories. While at Fox News, he covered the Presidential elections of 1996,2000 and he said that in Irwins case, it would be really unnecessary and in very poor taste
Douglas Harriman Kennedy
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Life
17.
Rory Kennedy
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Rory Elizabeth Katherine Kennedy is an American documentary filmmaker, and youngest child of U. S. Senator Robert Francis Bobby Kennedy and Ethel Kennedy and these include addiction, nuclear radiation, the treatment of prisoners-of-war, and the politics of the Mexican border-fence, and her films have been featured on many TV networks. It was to her wedding that her cousin John F. Kennedy, Jr. his wife and she was born in Washington, D. C. six months after her father was assassinated. Her mother chose the name Rory because she felt it bore resemblance to her fathers nickname Bobby, on December 19,1968, a week after Kennedy was born, her mother took her to her fathers grave at Arlington National Cemetery. Kennedys older brother Michael LeMoyne Kennedy was assigned as her godparent by their mother, friends of the Kennedy family said the pair spoke almost every day of their lives. When Rory was a teenager, she was arrested outside the South African Embassy, when she was 15, her brother David died in 1984 from a drug overdose. Rory graduated from The Madeira School and then Brown University in Providence, during her sophomore year there, she organized a rally in front of a Providence, Rhode Island supermarket. She urged shoppers to boycott grapes in solidarity with migrant farm workers. C, Kennedys first documentary was Women of Substance. Released in 1994, the idea out of a paper she wrote while a student at Brown on female addicts. In 1998 Kennedy and another fellow Brown graduate Liz Garbus founded Moxie Firecracker Films which specializes in documentaries that highlight pressing social issues. The television networks that have shown its films include, A&E, the UKs Channel 4, Court TV, Discovery Channel, HBO, Lifetime, MTV, Oxygen, PBS, Sundance Channel, and TLC. She directed and co-produced American Hollow about a struggling Appalachian family which received critical acclaim, HBO broadcast the film and publisher Little, Brown and Company released Kennedys companion book simultaneously. Kennedy presented the documentary at Wittenberg University on September 13,2001, after the films presentation, she answered questions. In October 2001, Kennedy traveled to Cleveland, Ohio to address the meeting of the National Council of Jewish Women. At the meeting, she spoke about her documentary film-production company Change the World Through Film, Kennedy directed and co-produced the Emmy Award-nominated series Pandemic, Facing AIDS, which premiered at the International AIDS Conference in Barcelona, Spain, on July 8,2002. It was funded by the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation and it tells the stories of Aids patients outside the Western world. It was broadcast in America as a series on HBO in June 2003. Kennedy directed and co-produced A Boy’s Life, the story of a young boy and it premiered to rave reviews at the 2003 Tribeca Film Festival and was awarded the Best Documentary prize at the Woodstock Film Festival, it was later broadcast on HBO
Rory Kennedy
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Rory Kennedy (2011)
Rory Kennedy
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Life
18.
George Skakel
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George Skakel Sr. was an American businessman and the founder of Great Lakes Carbon Corporation, currently part of SGL Carbon. Skakel was born in Chicago, Illinois, to businessman James Curtis Skakel Sr. and Grace Mary Jordan, who were Protestants of Dutch ancestry. He had an elder brother William Skakel, a younger sister Margaret Skakel, while employed by the railroad, he noticed the price volatility of coal fines for coke, which is a byproduct of producing more-in-demand forms of coal. At most times, the mining companies were forced to store the coke or pay to have it disposed of in rivers. Skakel came up with an idea to purchase the coke from coal companies, in May 1919, Skakel and two partners put up $1,000 and established The Great Lakes Coal & Coke Company. The company would purchase the coke from coal companies and then reprocessed the coke into clean carbon which was used to produce aluminum, by 1929, Skakel had become a multi-millionaire. The business eventually grew into The Great Lakes Carbon Corporation, which became the one of the largest privately held corporations in the United States, after Skakels death in 1955, his sons George Jr. and James III took over the business. Skakel married his former secretary Ann Brannack in 1917, from January 2,2003, two children, Ethel Kennedy and Ann McCooey survive. As of December 2016, the two survive, on October 3,1955, Skakel and his wife Ann were killed when the private plane they were traveling in crashed near Union City, Oklahoma. The two are buried at Saint Marys Cemetery in Greenwich, Connecticut, schlesinger, Jr. - Google Books George Skakel at Find a Grave
George Skakel
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Gravesite of George Skakel
19.
Jean Kennedy Smith
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Jean Ann Kennedy Smith is an American diplomat who served as United States Ambassador to Ireland from 1993 to 1998. She is the eighth of nine born to Joseph P. Kennedy, Sr. and Rose Fitzgerald. Her siblings include President John F. Kennedy, Senator Robert F. Kennedy, longtime Senator Ted Kennedy, Smith is the founder of Very Special Arts, an internationally recognized non-profit dedicated to creating a society where those with disabilities can engage with the arts. In 2011, she was awarded the Presidential Medal of Freedom, the nations highest civilian honor, by President Barack Obama for her work with VSA, as Ambassador to Ireland, Smith was instrumental to the Northern Ireland peace process as President Bill Clintons representative in Dublin. Irish President Mary McAleese conferred honorary Irish citizenship on Smith in 1998 in recognition of her service to the country, Jean Kennedy was born in Boston, Massachusetts, on her elder sister Kathleens eighth birthday. She has been described as the shyest and most guarded of the Kennedy children, on May 19,1956, she married Stephen Edward Smith in a small chapel of the Roman Catholic Saint Patricks Cathedral in New York City. The Smiths maintained a profile than some other members of the extended Kennedy family. During the early 1960s, they settled in New York City, Jean gave birth to two sons, Stephen Edward Smith, Jr. S. In 1974, Kennedy Smith founded Very Special Arts, now simply as VSA the international organization on art. VSA is a affiliate of the John F. Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts which is headquartered in Washington. It is dedicated to creating a society where people with disabilities learn through, participate in, VSA annually serves over 7 million people across American and in 52 countries. Smith has traveled throughout the world on behalf of VSA to advocate for greater inclusion in the arts for people with disabilities. Her book, Chronicles of Courage, Very Special Artists, co-written with George Plimpton, was published by Random House in April 1993. In 2011, Smith was awarded the Presidential Medal of Freedom, the nations highest civilian honor, by President Barack Obama for her work with VSA, as ambassador, she played a pivotal role in the peace process in Northern Ireland for almost five years before retiring the post. She successfully advocated for the U. S. government to grant a visa to Sinn Féin President Gerry Adams, which directly led to the IRA declaring a ceasefire in 1994. As a demonstration of her views, on at least one occasion she received communion in a cathedral of the Church of Ireland. Irish President Mary McAleese conferred honorary Irish citizenship on Smith in 1998 in recognition of her service to the country, during a ceremony, McAleese praised Smiths fixedness of purpose. Irish Taoiseach Bertie Ahern told Smith, You have helped bring about a life for everyone throughout Ireland
Jean Kennedy Smith
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Kennedy Smith with
Victoria Reggie Kennedy in 2008
Jean Kennedy Smith
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c.1953
Jean Kennedy Smith
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Life
Jean Kennedy Smith
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Electoral
history
20.
Hickory Hill (McLean, Virginia)
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Hickory Hill is a large brick house in McLean, Virginia, in the United States, owned by a succession of notable public figures. Architectural historians, noting that an 1865 ordinance map of the area does not indicate the house, date it to shortly after the American Civil War, circa 1870. James Patrick Pat Speer, a Washington D. C. dentist, lived at Hickory Hill and they had 5 children living with them in the home at the time of the 1920 census, their eldest daughter had already married and moved away. Pat practiced dentistry in Washington D. C, after the 1956 Democratic National Convention, the Kennedys sold the house to Johns brother Robert F. Kennedy and his wife, Ethel, who had a growing family. While he lived at Hickory Hill, Robert Kennedy became Attorney General of the United States, in 1961, a United States Senator, in 1965, and a presidential candidate, in 1968. The 5. 6-acre property was part of an 88-acre tract acquired in 1846 by George Walter, the core of the house itself originally featured an encircling verandah, topped by a mansard roof. Extensively remodeled in 1931, largely to its current configuration, Hickory Hill received a wing addition by the Kennedy family in 1964. Expanded by Robert Kennedys family, the house was placed on the market in 2004 at a price of $25 million. Sold in December 2009 to a Virginia businessman for $8.25 million, Hickory Hill underwent a major renovation, completed in the fall of 2013
Hickory Hill (McLean, Virginia)
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Hickory Hill
Hickory Hill (McLean, Virginia)
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Life
21.
Ted Kennedy
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Edward Moore Ted Kennedy was a United States Senator from Massachusetts and a member of the Democratic Party. He was the second most senior member of the Senate when he died and was the senator in United States history. Ted Kennedy was the most prominent living member of the Kennedy family for many years and he was the youngest brother of US President John F. Kennedy and Senator Robert F. Kennedy, both victims of assassination, and the father of Congressman Patrick J. Kennedy. Kennedy entered the Senate in a November 1962 special election to fill the seat held by his brother John. He was elected to a full term in 1964 and was re-elected seven more times. The Chappaquiddick incident on July 18,1969 resulted in the death of his automobile passenger, Kennedy pleaded guilty to a charge of leaving the scene of an accident and received a two-month suspended sentence. The incident and its aftermath hindered his chances of becoming president of the United States. His one attempt, in the 1980 presidential election, resulted in a Democratic primary campaign loss to incumbent President Jimmy Carter, Kennedy was known for his oratorical skills. His 1968 eulogy for his brother Robert and his 1980 rallying cry for modern American liberalism were among his best-known speeches and he became recognized as The Lion of the Senate through his long tenure and influence. More than 300 bills that Kennedy and his staff wrote were enacted into law, during the 2000s, he led several unsuccessful immigration reform efforts. Over the course of his Senate career and continuing into the Obama administration, Kennedy continued his efforts to enact health care. In May 2008, Kennedy was hospitalized suffering a seizure and was diagnosed with a malignant brain tumor. He died on August 25,2009, at his Hyannis Port, by the later years of his life, he had come to be viewed as a major figure and spokesman for American progressivism. Edward Moore Kennedy was born on February 22,1932 at St. Margarets Hospital in the Dorchester section of Boston and his eight elder siblings included Joseph Jr. John, Rosemary, Kathleen, Eunice, Patricia, Robert, and Jean. John asked to be the godfather, a request his parents honored. They named him after their fathers assistant instead and his formal education started at Gibbs School, in Sloane Street, Kensington, London. He attended ten different schools by the age of eleven, with his suffering as a result. At age seven, he received his First Communion from Pope Pius XII in the Vatican and he spent sixth and seventh grades in the Fessenden School, where he was a mediocre student, and eighth grade at Cranwell Preparatory School, both schools were in Massachusetts
Ted Kennedy
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Ted Kennedy
Ted Kennedy
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John,
Robert, and Ted Kennedy, July 1960, during JFK's presidential campaign
Ted Kennedy
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First Senate campaign, 1962
Ted Kennedy
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Ted Kennedy in 1967
22.
Barack Obama
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Barack Hussein Obama II is an American politician who served as the 44th President of the United States from 2009 to 2017. He is the first African American to have served as president and he previously served in the U. S. Senate representing Illinois from 2005 to 2008, and in the Illinois State Senate from 1997 to 2004. Obama was born in Honolulu, Hawaii, two years after the territory was admitted to the Union as the 50th state and he grew up mostly in Hawaii, but also spent one year of his childhood in Washington State and four years in Indonesia. After graduating from Columbia University in 1983, he worked as a community organizer in Chicago, in 1988 Obama enrolled in Harvard Law School, where he was the first black president of the Harvard Law Review. After graduation, he became a civil rights attorney and professor, Obama represented the 13th District for three terms in the Illinois Senate from 1997 to 2004, when he ran for the U. S. Senate. In 2008, Obama was nominated for president, a year after his campaign began and he was elected over Republican John McCain, and was inaugurated on January 20,2009. Nine months later, Obama was named the 2009 Nobel Peace Prize laureate, during his first two years in office, Obama signed many landmark bills. Main reforms were the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act, the Dodd–Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act, after a lengthy debate over the national debt limit, Obama signed the Budget Control and the American Taxpayer Relief Acts. In foreign policy, Obama increased U. S. troop levels in Afghanistan, reduced nuclear weapons with the U. S. -Russian New START treaty, and ended military involvement in the Iraq War. He ordered military involvement in Libya in opposition to Muammar Gaddafi, after winning re-election over Mitt Romney, Obama was sworn in for a second term in 2013. Obama also advocated gun control in response to the Sandy Hook Elementary School shooting, and issued wide-ranging executive actions concerning climate change and immigration. In foreign policy, Obama ordered military intervention in Iraq in response to gains made by ISIL after the 2011 withdrawal from Iraq, Obama left office in January 2017 with a 60% approval rating. He currently resides in Washington, D. C and his presidential library will be built in Chicago. Obama was born on August 4,1961, at Kapiʻolani Maternity & Gynecological Hospital in Honolulu and he is the only President to have been born in Hawaii. He was born to a mother and a black father. His mother, Ann Dunham, was born in Wichita, Kansas, of mostly English descent, with some German, Irish, Scottish, Swiss and his father, Barack Obama Sr. was a married Luo Kenyan man from Nyangoma Kogelo. Obamas parents met in 1960 in a Russian language class at the University of Hawaii at Manoa, the couple married in Wailuku, Hawaii on February 2,1961, six months before Obama was born. In late August 1961, Obamas mother moved him to the University of Washington in Seattle for a year
Barack Obama
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Barack Obama
Barack Obama
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Obama with his half-sister
Maya Soetoro-Ng, mother
Ann Dunham and grandfather
Stanley Dunham, in
Honolulu, Hawaii
Barack Obama
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Obama and others celebrate the naming of a street in Chicago after
ShoreBank co-founder Milton Davis in 1998
Barack Obama
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Obama in his official portrait as a member of the United States Senate
23.
Presidential Medal of Freedom
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The Presidential Medal of Freedom is an award bestowed by the President of the United States and is—along with the comparable Congressional Gold Medal—the highest civilian award of the United States. The award is not limited to U. S. citizens and, while it is an award, it can also be awarded to military personnel. It was established in 1963 by President John F. Kennedy, President John F. Kennedy established the current decoration in 1963 through Executive Order 11085, with unique and distinctive insignia, vastly expanded purpose, and far higher prestige. It was the first U. S. civilian neck decoration and, in the grade of Awarded With Distinction, is the only U. S. sash and star decoration. The Executive Order calls for the medal to be awarded annually on or around July 4, and at other convenient times as chosen by the president, Recipients are selected by the president, either on his own initiative or based on recommendations. The order establishing the medal also expanded the size and the responsibilities of the Distinguished Civilian Service Awards Board so it could serve as a source of such recommendations. The medal may be awarded to a more than once. It may also be awarded posthumously, examples include John F, golden American bald eagles with spread wings stand between the points of the star. It is worn around the neck on a ribbon with white edge stripes. When the medal With Distinction is awarded, the star may be presented descending from a neck ribbon, the sash and medal of the Presidential Medal of Freedom with distinction has never been worn in public since its inception. Andrew Presidential Medal of Freedom, an article from jfklibrary. org, Presidential Medal of Freedom Recipients, a list of recipients from May 5,1993, through August 19,2009, from senate. gov, the U. S. Senates official website. Hosted on georgewbush-whitehouse. archives. gov, a section of the U. S. National Archives, Medal of Freedom Ceremony, a news release, August 12,2009, from the White House Press Secretary at whitehouse. gov, the White Houses official website. War Figures Honored With Medal of Freedom, The New York Times, December 15,2004
Presidential Medal of Freedom
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Presidential Medal of Freedom
Presidential Medal of Freedom
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Graphical representation of the Presidential Medal of Freedom with Distinction
Presidential Medal of Freedom
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Medal and accoutrements including undress ribbon, miniature, and lapel badge.
Presidential Medal of Freedom
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Civil Rights leader
A. Philip Randolph receiving the Presidential Medal of Freedom from president
Lyndon B. Johnson on September 14, 1964.
24.
Chicago
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Chicago, officially the City of Chicago, is the third-most populous city in the United States. With over 2.7 million residents, it is the most populous city in the state of Illinois, and it is the county seat of Cook County. In 2012, Chicago was listed as a global city by the Globalization and World Cities Research Network. Chicago has the third-largest gross metropolitan product in the United States—about $640 billion according to 2015 estimates, the city has one of the worlds largest and most diversified economies with no single industry employing more than 14% of the workforce. In 2016, Chicago hosted over 54 million domestic and international visitors, landmarks in the city include Millennium Park, Navy Pier, the Magnificent Mile, Art Institute of Chicago, Museum Campus, the Willis Tower, Museum of Science and Industry, and Lincoln Park Zoo. Chicagos culture includes the arts, novels, film, theater, especially improvisational comedy. Chicago also has sports teams in each of the major professional leagues. The city has many nicknames, the best-known being the Windy City, the name Chicago is derived from a French rendering of the Native American word shikaakwa, known to botanists as Allium tricoccum, from the Miami-Illinois language. The first known reference to the site of the current city of Chicago as Checagou was by Robert de LaSalle around 1679 in a memoir, henri Joutel, in his journal of 1688, noted that the wild garlic, called chicagoua, grew abundantly in the area. In the mid-18th century, the area was inhabited by a Native American tribe known as the Potawatomi, the first known non-indigenous permanent settler in Chicago was Jean Baptiste Point du Sable. Du Sable was of African and French descent and arrived in the 1780s and he is commonly known as the Founder of Chicago. In 1803, the United States Army built Fort Dearborn, which was destroyed in 1812 in the Battle of Fort Dearborn, the Ottawa, Ojibwe, and Potawatomi tribes had ceded additional land to the United States in the 1816 Treaty of St. Louis. The Potawatomi were forcibly removed from their land after the Treaty of Chicago in 1833, on August 12,1833, the Town of Chicago was organized with a population of about 200. Within seven years it grew to more than 4,000 people, on June 15,1835, the first public land sales began with Edmund Dick Taylor as U. S. The City of Chicago was incorporated on Saturday, March 4,1837, as the site of the Chicago Portage, the city became an important transportation hub between the eastern and western United States. Chicagos first railway, Galena and Chicago Union Railroad, and the Illinois, the canal allowed steamboats and sailing ships on the Great Lakes to connect to the Mississippi River. A flourishing economy brought residents from rural communities and immigrants from abroad, manufacturing and retail and finance sectors became dominant, influencing the American economy. The Chicago Board of Trade listed the first ever standardized exchange traded forward contracts and these issues also helped propel another Illinoisan, Abraham Lincoln, to the national stage
Chicago
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Clockwise from top:
Downtown Chicago, the
Chicago Theatre, the
'L',
Navy Pier,
Millennium Park, the
Field Museum, and the
Willis Tower.
Chicago
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Traditional
Potawatomi costume on display at the
Field Museum
Chicago
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A 1903 painting of Chicago in 1833
Chicago
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An artist's rendering of the
Great Chicago Fire of 1871
25.
Greenwich, Connecticut
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Greenwich /ˈɡrɛnᵻtʃ/ is a town in Fairfield County, Connecticut, United States. As of the 2010 census, the town had a population of 61,171. The largest town on Connecticuts Gold Coast, it is home to many hedge funds, Greenwich is the southernmost and westernmost municipality in Connecticut as well as the six-state region of New England. It takes roughly 40-50 minutes by train from Grand Central Terminal in Manhattan, cNN/Money and Money magazine ranked Greenwich first on its list of the 100 Best Places to Live in the United States in 2005. The town is named after Greenwich, a borough of London in the United Kingdom, the town of Greenwich was settled in 1640. One of the founders was Elizabeth Fones Winthrop, daughter-in-law of John Winthrop, founder, Greenwich was declared a township by the General Assembly in Hartford on May 11,1665. During the American Revolution, General Israel Putnam made an escape from the British on February 26,1779. Although British forces pillaged the town, Putnam was able to warn Stamford, p1270020-300x225. jpg | Putnam Hill, where General Putnam escaped. In 1974, Gullivers Restaurant and Bar, on the border of Greenwich and Port Chester, in 1983, the Mianus River Bridge, which carries traffic on Interstate 95 over an estuary, collapsed, resulting in the death of three people. For many years, Greenwich Point, was only to town residents. However, a lawyer sued, saying his rights to freedom of assembly were threatened because he was not allowed to go there, the lower courts disagreed, but the Supreme Court of Connecticut agreed, and Greenwich was forced to amend its beach access policy to all four beaches. According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has an area of 67.2 square miles, of which 47.8 square miles is land and 19.4 square miles. In terms of area, Greenwich is twice the size of Manhattan. The town is bordered to the west and north by Westchester County, New York, to the east by the city of Stamford, and faces the Village of Bayville to the south across the Long Island Sound. The Census Bureau recognizes seven CDPs within the town, Byram, Cos Cob, Glenville, Old Greenwich, Pemberwick, Riverside, the USPS lists separate zip codes for Greenwich, Cos Cob, Old Greenwich, and Riverside. Additionally, Greenwich is often divided into several smaller, unofficial neighborhoods. The Hispanic population is concentrated in the corner of the town. In 2011, numerous neighborhoods were voted by the Business Insider as being the richest neighborhoods in America, Byram, Cos Cob, Greenwich, Old Greenwich, and Riverside each have their own ZIP Codes and with the exception of Byram, each has a Metro North station
Greenwich, Connecticut
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Flag
Greenwich, Connecticut
Greenwich, Connecticut
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Seal
Greenwich, Connecticut
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Memorial to Col.
Raynal C. Bolling, first high-ranking US officer killed in
World War I
26.
SGLCarbon
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SGL Carbon SE is a German chemical company. It is one of the leading manufacturers of products from carbon. The company portfolio ranges from carbon and graphite materials to carbon fibers, a broad base of materials, the deployment of the relevant technologies and many years of application and engineering expertise are the basis of the companys success. With 38 production sites around the globe, and a network in over 100 countries. The organizational structure was realigned on February 1,2007 and streamlined from what used to be three segments to two. Three globally aligned business units operate within these segments, the company headquarters is Wiesbaden, Germany. The SGL share has been included in the German MDAX since 1995, in 2007, on sales revenues of €1,373.0 million, the company generated net income of €130.9 million. To the end of the 2007 fiscal year, the company employed 5,249 staff worldwide, SGL Carbon AG originated in 1992 from a merger between SIGRI GmbH and Great Lakes Carbon to share a company according to German law. Since March 2007, SGL Carbon AG has operated on the market as SGL Group - The Carbon Company, Siemens & Co, founded in Berlin as a subsidiary of Siemens AG in 1878. In 1920, the set up a plant in Meitingen. In 1967, as a result of the merger with electrode manufacturing at Hoechst AG, there it was amalgamated with the Siemens Plania Chemisches Werk Griesheim and other enterprises of Hoechst AG. In 1985 it was renamed SIGRI GmbH and finally Hoechst AG acquired total ownership in 1989, after the merger with Great Lakes Carbon, Hoechst AG retained a 50 percent stake in the new company. The remaining participation was sold in 1996 as part of restructuring of the Hoechst Group, since then SGL Carbon AG has been widely held. The company has the structures, The function of the Board of Management follows the principle of a management holding which acts as a legally independent entity. The Graphite Materials & Systems business unit primarily in the areas of process technology, graphite specialties. The Carbon Fibers & Composites product portfolio covers carbon fibers, braking and clutch components as well as composite materials, the focus of the business unit is the development and market launch of innovative materials, products and solutions for rapidly expanding markets. Currently there is a demand, particularly for composite materials. In addition, they are corrosion-resistant and only slightly when exposed to heat
SGLCarbon
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SGL Carbon SE
27.
Manhattan
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Manhattan is the most densely populated borough of New York City, its economic and administrative center, and the citys historical birthplace. The borough is coextensive with New York County, founded on November 1,1683, Manhattan is often described as the cultural and financial capital of the world and hosts the United Nations Headquarters. Many multinational media conglomerates are based in the borough and it is historically documented to have been purchased by Dutch colonists from Native Americans in 1626 for 60 guilders which equals US$1062 today. New York County is the United States second-smallest county by land area, on business days, the influx of commuters increases that number to over 3.9 million, or more than 170,000 people per square mile. Manhattan has the third-largest population of New York Citys five boroughs, after Brooklyn and Queens, the City of New York was founded at the southern tip of Manhattan, and the borough houses New York City Hall, the seat of the citys government. The name Manhattan derives from the word Manna-hata, as written in the 1609 logbook of Robert Juet, a 1610 map depicts the name as Manna-hata, twice, on both the west and east sides of the Mauritius River. The word Manhattan has been translated as island of hills from the Lenape language. The United States Postal Service prefers that mail addressed to Manhattan use New York, NY rather than Manhattan, the area that is now Manhattan was long inhabited by the Lenape Native Americans. In 1524, Florentine explorer Giovanni da Verrazzano – sailing in service of King Francis I of France – was the first European to visit the area that would become New York City. It was not until the voyage of Henry Hudson, an Englishman who worked for the Dutch East India Company, a permanent European presence in New Netherland began in 1624 with the founding of a Dutch fur trading settlement on Governors Island. In 1625, construction was started on the citadel of Fort Amsterdam on Manhattan Island, later called New Amsterdam, the 1625 establishment of Fort Amsterdam at the southern tip of Manhattan Island is recognized as the birth of New York City. In 1846, New York historian John Romeyn Brodhead converted the figure of Fl 60 to US$23, variable-rate myth being a contradiction in terms, the purchase price remains forever frozen at twenty-four dollars, as Edwin G. Burrows and Mike Wallace remarked in their history of New York. Sixty guilders in 1626 was valued at approximately $1,000 in 2006, based on the price of silver, Straight Dope author Cecil Adams calculated an equivalent of $72 in 1992. In 1647, Peter Stuyvesant was appointed as the last Dutch Director General of the colony, New Amsterdam was formally incorporated as a city on February 2,1653. In 1664, the English conquered New Netherland and renamed it New York after the English Duke of York and Albany, the Dutch Republic regained it in August 1673 with a fleet of 21 ships, renaming the city New Orange. Manhattan was at the heart of the New York Campaign, a series of battles in the early American Revolutionary War. The Continental Army was forced to abandon Manhattan after the Battle of Fort Washington on November 16,1776. The city, greatly damaged by the Great Fire of New York during the campaign, became the British political, British occupation lasted until November 25,1783, when George Washington returned to Manhattan, as the last British forces left the city
Manhattan
–
View from
Midtown Manhattan, facing south toward
Lower Manhattan
Manhattan
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Peter Minuit, early 1600s.
Manhattan
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The
Castello Plan showing the Dutch colonial city of
New Amsterdam in 1660 – then confined to the southern tip of Manhattan Island.
Manhattan
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J.Q.A. Ward 's statue of
George Washington in front of
Federal Hall (on
Wall Street) where he was inaugurated as the first
U.S. President in 1789.
28.
Mont Tremblant Resort
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Mont Tremblant Ski Resort is a year-round resort in the Laurentian Mountains of Quebec, Canada, about 130 km northwest of Montreal. It is best known as a ski destination, but also features Lake Tremblant suitable for swimming, the name of the mountain, Mont Tremblant, was derived from the local Algonquin natives, who called it the trembling mountain. The summit is at an elevation of 875 metres, which makes it one of the tallest peaks in the Laurentians, the mountain and resort are part of the Mont-Tremblant National Park and are both located near the village of Mont-Tremblant. Joseph Bondurant Ryan, an explorer from a wealthy American family from Philadelphia, accompanied by Harry Wheeler and Lowell Thomas, the American journalist, they climbed to the summit of Mont Tremblant with skis wrapped in seal skins for traction. After an exhausting trek to the summit, its said that Joseph Ryan vowed to transform the landscape into a world-class alpine village, only one year later, his dream was realized. On February 12,1939, Joeseph Ryan opened the Mont Tremblant Lodge, the resort named a triple ski lift, which is located on the north mountainside, and trails after him as well as other early devotees. They ran the resort until 1979, when sold to La Société des Caisses dEntraide Économique. They only ran the resort for four years, selling in 1983 to Louis-PierreLapointe, in 1991, the resort was purchased by Intrawest. Intrawest immediately expanded the resort village with architecture reminiscent of traditional Quebec and built new ski lifts. Other changes included building the Grand Manitou summit lodge, in 2009 a casino located at the base of the soleil trails was opened. The casino is serviced by an 8-passenger gondola that runs from the resort to the casino. He quickly showed talent in auto racing and was the first Canadian in Formula One auto racing. On March 16,2009, actress Natasha Richardson sustained an injury when she fell while taking a beginner skiing lesson at the resort. She died two days later in New York City, the main resort has more than 600 acres of ski and snowboarding trails in four distinct areas, North Side, South Side, Sunny Side and The Edge. As of the 2016 winter season, the resort has 96 marked downhill trails, of those trails,22 are labelled easy,28 intermediate,32 difficult and 14 expert. The intermediate trails include four snow parks, the resort features 13 ski lifts, consisting of 2 gondolas,5 detachable chairlifts,3 regular chairlifts and 3 magic carpets. An open-air gondola, or cabriolet lift, is used to transport skiers above the village from the lot to the bottom of the mountain. The 14 lifts total a 27,230 skiers per hour capacity, the top of the mountain has a chalet and cafeteria, Le Grand Manitou, open winter and summer
Mont Tremblant Resort
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Mont-Tremblant resort and pedestrian village
Mont Tremblant Resort
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Clock tower at Mont-Tremblant Resort.
Mont Tremblant Resort
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Mont-Tremblant's Pedestrian village.
Mont Tremblant Resort
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Skier with village in background.
29.
Quebec
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Quebec is the second-most populous province of Canada and the only one to have a predominantly French-speaking population, with French as the sole provincial official language. Quebec is Canadas largest province by area and its second-largest administrative division and it also shares maritime borders with Nunavut, Prince Edward Island, and Nova Scotia. Quebec is Canadas second-most populous province, after Ontario, most inhabitants live in urban areas near the Saint Lawrence River between Montreal and Quebec City, the capital. Approximately half of Quebec residents live in the Greater Montreal Area, the Nord-du-Québec region, occupying the northern half of the province, is sparsely populated and inhabited primarily by Aboriginal peoples. Even in central Quebec at comparatively southerly latitudes winters are severe in inland areas, Quebec independence debates have played a large role in the politics of the province. Parti Québécois governments held referendums on sovereignty in 1980 and 1995, in 2006, the House of Commons of Canada passed a symbolic motion recognizing the Québécois as a nation within a united Canada. These many industries have all contributed to helping Quebec become an economically influential province within Canada, early variations in the spelling of the name included Québecq and Kébec. French explorer Samuel de Champlain chose the name Québec in 1608 for the colonial outpost he would use as the seat for the French colony of New France. The province is sometimes referred to as La belle province, the Province of Quebec was founded in the Royal Proclamation of 1763 after the Treaty of Paris formally transferred the French colony of Canada to Britain after the Seven Years War. The proclamation restricted the province to an area along the banks of the Saint Lawrence River, the Treaty of Versailles ceded territories south of the Great Lakes to the United States. After the Constitutional Act of 1791, the territory was divided between Lower Canada and Upper Canada, with each being granted an elected legislative assembly, in 1840, these become Canada East and Canada West after the British Parliament unified Upper and Lower Canada into the Province of Canada. This territory was redivided into the Provinces of Quebec and Ontario at Confederation in 1867, each became one of the first four provinces. In 1898, the Canadian Parliament passed the first Quebec Boundary Extension Act that expanded the provincial boundaries northward to include the lands of the aboriginal peoples. This was followed by the addition of the District of Ungava through the Quebec Boundaries Extension Act of 1912 that added the northernmost lands of the Inuit to create the modern Province of Quebec. In 1927, the border between Quebec and Newfoundland and Labrador was established by the British Judicial Committee of the Privy Council. Located in the part of Canada, and part of Central Canada. Its topography is very different from one region to another due to the composition of the ground, the climate. The Saint Lawrence Lowland and the Canadian Shield are the two main regions, and are radically different
Quebec
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The arrival of
Samuel de Champlain, the father of
New France, on the site of
Quebec City.
Quebec
–
Flag
Quebec
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Michel's falls on
Ashuapmushuan River in
Saint-Félicien,
Saguenay–Lac-Saint-Jean.
Quebec
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View of
Jacques-Cartier River from Andante mountain.
30.
John F. Kennedy
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Kennedy was a member of the Democratic Party, and his New Frontier domestic program was largely enacted as a memorial to him after his death. Kennedy also established the Presidential Medal of Freedom in 1963, Kennedys time in office was marked by high tensions with Communist states. He increased the number of American military advisers in South Vietnam by a factor of 18 over President Dwight D. Eisenhower, in Cuba, a failed attempt was made at the Bay of Pigs to overthrow the government of Fidel Castro in April 1961. He subsequently rejected plans by the Joint Chiefs of Staff to orchestrate false-flag attacks on American soil in order to gain approval for a war against Cuba. After military service in the United States Naval Reserve in World War II and he was elected subsequently to the U. S. Senate and served as the junior Senator from Massachusetts from 1953 until 1960. Kennedy defeated Vice President, and Republican presidential candidate, Richard Nixon in the 1960 U. S, at age 43, he became the youngest elected president and the second-youngest president. Kennedy was also the first person born in the 20th century to serve as president, to date, Kennedy has been the only Roman Catholic president and the only president to have won a Pulitzer Prize. Kennedy was assassinated in Dallas, Texas, on November 22,1963, Lee Harvey Oswald was arrested that afternoon and determined to have fired the shots that hit the President from a sixth floor window of the Texas School Book Depository. Dallas nightclub owner Jack Ruby fatally shot Oswald two days later in a jail corridor, then-Vice President Lyndon B. Johnson succeeded Kennedy after he died in the hospital. The FBI and the Warren Commission officially concluded that Oswald was the lone assassin, the majority of Americans alive at the time of the assassination, and continuing through 2013, believed that there was a conspiracy and that Oswald was not the only shooter. Since the 1960s, information concerning Kennedys private life has come to light, including his health problems, Kennedy continues to rank highly in historians polls of U. S. presidents and with the general public. His average approval rating of 70% is the highest of any president in Gallups history of systematically measuring job approval and his grandfathers P. J. Kennedy and Boston Mayor John F. Fitzgerald were both Massachusetts politicians. All four of his grandparents were the children of Irish immigrants, Kennedy had an elder brother, Joseph Jr. and seven younger siblings, Rosemary, Kathleen, Eunice, Patricia, Robert, Jean, and Ted. Kennedy lived in Brookline for ten years and attended the Edward Devotion School, the Noble and Greenough Lower School, and the Dexter School through 4th grade. In 1927, the Kennedy family moved to a stately twenty-room, Georgian-style mansion at 5040 Independence Avenue in the Hudson Hill neighborhood of Riverdale, Bronx and he attended the lower campus of Riverdale Country School, a private school for boys, from 5th to 7th grade. Two years later, the moved to 294 Pondfield Road in the New York City suburb of Bronxville, New York. The Kennedy family spent summers at their home in Hyannis Port, Massachusetts, in September 1930, Kennedy—then 13 years old—attended the Canterbury School in New Milford, Connecticut. In late April 1931, he required an appendectomy, after which he withdrew from Canterbury, in September 1931, Kennedy attended Choate, a boarding school in Wallingford, Connecticut, for 9th through 12th grade
John F. Kennedy
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John F. Kennedy
John F. Kennedy
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The Kennedy family at
Hyannis Port, Massachusetts, in 1931 with Jack at top left in white shirt. Ted was born the following year.
John F. Kennedy
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Lieutenant (junior grade) John F. Kennedy (standing at right) with his PT-109 crew, 1943.
John F. Kennedy
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Kennedy on his navy patrol boat, the
PT-109, 1943.
