1.
Eugene, Oregon
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Eugene is a city of the Pacific Northwest located in the U. S. state of Oregon. It is located at the end of the Willamette Valley, near the confluence of the McKenzie and Willamette Rivers. As of the 2010 census, Eugene had a population of 156,185, it is the second most populous city in the state, the citys population for 2014 was estimated to be 160,561 by the US Census. Eugene is home to the University of Oregon and Lane Community College, the city is also noted for its natural beauty, recreational opportunities, and focus on the arts. Eugenes official slogan is A Great City for the Arts and Outdoors and it is also referred to as the Emerald City and as Track Town, USA. The Nike corporation had its beginnings in Eugene, in 2021, the city will host the 18th Track and Field World Championships. The first people to settle in the Eugene area were known as the Kalapuyans and they made seasonal rounds, moving around the countryside as appropriate to collect and preserve local foods, including acorns, the bulbs of the wapato and camas plants, and berries. They stored these foods in their permanent winter village, when crop activities waned, they returned to their winter villages and took up hunting, fishing, and trading. They were known as the Chifin Kalapuyans and called the Eugene area where they lived Chifin, other Kalapuyan tribes occupied villages that are also now within Eugene city limits. Pee-you or Mohawk Calapooians, Winefelly or Pleasant Hill Calapooians, and they were close-neighbors to the Chifin, intermarried, and were political allies. Some authorities suggest that the Brownsville Kalapuyans were related to the Pee-you and it is likely that since the Santiam had an alliance with the Brownsville Kalapuyans that the Santiam influence also went as far at Eugene. According to archeological evidence, the ancestors of the Kalapuyans may have been in Eugene for as long as 10,000 years, French fur traders had settled seasonally in the Willamette Valley by the beginning of the 19th century. Having already developed relationships with Native communities through intermarriage and trade, by 1828 to 1830 they and their Native wives began year round occupation of the land, raising crops and tending animals. In this process the mixed race families began to impact Native access to land, food supply, in July,1830, intermittent fever struck the lower Columbia region and a year later, the Willamette Valley. Natives traced the arrival of the disease, then new to the Northwest, to the U. S. ship, Owyhee, intermittent fever is thought by researchers now to be malaria. In his book The Coming of the Spirit Pestilence Boyd reports that there was a 92% population loss for the Kalapuyans between 1830 and 1841 and this catastrophic event shattered the social fabric of Kalapuyan society and altered the demographic balance in the Valley. As the demographic pressure from the colonists grew, the remaining Kalapuyans were forcibly removed to reservations, though some Natives escaped being swept into the reservation, most were moved to the Grand Ronde reservation in 1856. Strict racial segregation was enforced and mixed people, known as Métis in French, had to make a choice between the reservation and Anglo society
2.
Minor League Baseball
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All of the minor leagues are operated as independent businesses. Most are members of the organization known as Minor League Baseball. Several leagues, known as independent baseball leagues, do not have any links to Major League Baseball. Major League Baseball and Minor League Baseball teams may enter into a PDC for a two- or four-year term. At the expiration of a PDC term, teams may renew their affiliation, or sign new PDCs with different clubs, though many relationships are renewed and endure for extended time periods. Minor League teams that are owned directly by the major league club do not have PDCs with each other and are not part of the reaffiliation shuffles that occur every other year, several more independent leagues operate in the United States and Canada. The earliest professional baseball association, the National Association of 1871 to 1875 and this system proved unworkable, however, as there was no way to ensure competitive balance, and financially unsound clubs often failed in midseason. This problem was solved in 1876 with the formation of the National League, with a membership which excluded less competitive. Professional clubs outside the National League responded by forming regional associations of their own, there was a series of ad hoc groupings, such as the New England Association of 1877 and the Eastern Championship Association of 1881. These were loose groups of independent clubs which agreed to play a series of games for a championship pennant, the first minor league is traditionally considered to be the Northwestern League of 1883 to 1884. Unlike the earlier minor associations, it was conceived as a permanent organization and it also, along with the National League and the American Association, was a party to the National Agreement of 1883. Included in this was the agreement to respect the reserve lists of clubs in each league, teams in the National League and the American Association could only reserve players who had been paid at least $1000. Northwest League teams could reserve players paid merely $750, implicitly establishing the division into major and minor leagues, over the next two decades, more minor leagues signed various versions of the National Agreement. Eventually, the minor leagues joined together to negotiate jointly, in the late 1890s, the Western League run by the fiery Ban Johnson decided to challenge the National Leagues position. Representatives of the different minor leagues met at the Leland Hotel in Chicago on September 5,1901, in response to the National–American battle, they agreed to form the National Association of Professional Baseball Leagues, called the NAPBL, or NA for short. The purpose of the NA at the time was to maintain the independence of the leagues involved, several did not sign the agreement and continued to work independently. Powers was made the first president of the NAPBL, whose offices were established in Auburn, in 1903, the conflict between the American and National Leagues ended in the National Agreement of 1903. The NAPBL became involved in the stages of the negotiations to develop rules for the acquisition of players from their leagues by the National
3.
Triple-A (baseball)
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Triple-A is the highest level of play in Minor League Baseball in the United States and Mexico. Before 2008, Triple-A leagues also fielded teams in Canada, a total of 30 teams play in the Triple-A International League and Pacific Coast League, with 14 teams in the IL and 16 in the PCL. The MLB-independent Mexican League fields 16 teams, interleague play between the International League and Pacific Coast League occurs twice each season. In July, each leagues All-Star team competes in the Triple-A All-Star Game, in September each leagues regular season champions play each other in the Triple-A Baseball National Championship Game to determine an overall champion of Triple-A baseball. The Triple-A classification was created before the 1946 season, prior to then, the top level of the minors had been designated as Double-A since 1912. The modern Double-A classification also dates to 1946, when the former Class A1 level was renamed, Triple-A teams main purpose is to prepare players for the Major Leagues. ESPN wrote in 2010, Winning is nice, but secondary, players on the 40-man roster of a major league team are eligible for promotion to the major league club once the major league roster expands on September 1. For teams in contention for the postseason, these create the flexibility needed to rest regular starters in late regular-season games. For those not in contention, using such players lets the teams evaluate them under game conditions, teams at this level are divided into three leagues, the International League, the Pacific Coast League, and the MLB-independent Mexican League. The Mexican League fields teams throughout Mexico, the International League traditionally fielded teams in the Northeastern United States, and now fields teams in the Midwest and South as well. The Pacific Coast League originally fielded teams on the West Coast, each of the 30 Major League Baseball teams has an affiliation with one Triple-A team in the United States. However, Mexican Triple-A teams are not included in the farm team system. The Triple-A All-Star Game is a game held between the two affiliated Triple-A leagues—the International League and the Pacific Coast League. Each league fields a team composed of the top players in their respective leagues as voted on by fans, the media, the event has taken place every year since 1988 when the first Triple-A All-Star Game was played in Buffalo, New York. Prior to 1998, a team of American League-affiliated Triple-A All-Stars faced off against a team of National League-affiliated Triple-A All-Stars, traditionally, the game has taken place on the day after the mid-summer Major League Baseball All-Star Game. The game is meant to mark a symbolic halfway-point in the season, both Triple-A leagues share a common All-Star break, with no regular-season games scheduled for two days before the All-Star Game itself. Some additional events, such as the All-Star Fan Fest and Triple-A Home Run Derby, take each year close to. It was originally held annually at AT&T Bricktown Ballpark in Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, since 2011, the game has been held in a different Triple-A city each year
4.
Northwest League
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Northwest League of Professional Baseball is a Class A Short Season minor league in the northwest United States and western Canada. The NWLs short season starts in mid-June, after major league teams have signed their amateur draft picks to professional contracts, all eight teams are affiliated with a major league team. The Northwest League has existed in various forms since 1890, and has been in its current incarnation since 1955 and it switched to the short season schedule in 1966, with only four teams. Its immediate predecessor, the Western International League, had ten teams in its year in 1954. During its fiftieth season in 2004, five of the seven cities were in the league. Source, Eugene is the city in the NWL, having fielded a team in all. Spokane had a Triple-A PCL team for 24 seasons, sports league attendances List of Northwest League champions Official website Baseball Reference – Northwest League
5.
Pacific Coast League
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The Pacific Coast League is a Minor League Baseball league operating in the Western, Midwestern, and Southeastern United States. Along with the International League and the Mexican League, it is one of three leagues playing at the Triple-A level, which is one grade below Major League Baseball and it is officially named the Pacific Coast League of Professional Baseball Clubs, Inc. The PCL maintains its headquarters in Round Rock, Texas, during the first half of the 20th century, the Pacific Coast League developed into one of the premier regional baseball leagues. With no major league baseball team existing west of St. Louis, although it was never recognized as a true major league, its quality of play was considered very high. During 1945 the league voted to become a major league, some players made a career out of the minor leagues. One of the better known was Frank Shellenback, whose Major League pitching career was brief, many former major-league players came to the PCL to finish their careers after their time in the majors had ended. The mild climate of the West Coast, especially California, allowed the league to play longer seasons, sometimes starting in late February and this allowed players to hone their skills, earn an extra month or two of pay, and reduce the need to find off-season work. The longer playing season also allowed for games on the schedule. Teams sometimes played more than 200 games in a single season, during the 1905 season the San Francisco Seals set the all-time PCL record by playing 230 games. Even just prior to the 1958 reshuffling, the league was playing 170–180 games per season, one consequence of such lengthy seasons was that a number of the all-time minor-league records for season statistical totals are held by players from the PCL. In 1952, the PCL became the minor league in history to be given the Open classification. This limited the rights of major clubs to draft players from the PCL. The shift to the Open classification came just as minor league teams from coast to coast suffered a drop in attendance. The hammer blow to the PCLs major league dreams came in 1958, when the Brooklyn Dodgers moved to Los Angeles, as a result, three of the PCLs flagship teams were immediately forced to relocate to smaller markets. Additionally, the PCL lost customers to the league teams which now occupied the same territory. The league never recovered from these blows, the Pacific Coast League reverted to Triple-A classification in 1958, and soon diminished in the public eye to nothing more than another minor league. The Oakland Oaks had moved to Canada two years before the arrival of the Giants, the San Diego Padres and Seattle Rainiers were displaced by Major League teams in 1969, but by this time the PCLs decline was already far advanced. The league now stretches from Western Washington to Middle Tennessee, despite its name, the league now has as many teams east of the Mississippi as it does near the Pacific coast
6.
Chicago Cubs
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The Chicago Cubs are an American professional baseball team based in Chicago, Illinois. The Cubs compete in Major League Baseball as a club of the National League Central division. The team plays its games at Wrigley Field, located on the citys North Side. The Cubs are one of two league teams in Chicago, the other, the Chicago White Sox, is a member of the American League Central division. The Cubs, first known as the White Stockings, was a member of the NL in 1876. The Cubs have appeared in a total of eleven World Series, the 1906 Cubs won 116 games, finishing 116–36 and posting a modern-era record winning percentage of.763, before losing the World Series to the Chicago White Sox by four games to two. The Cubs won back-to-back World Series championships in 1907 and 1908, the 108-year drought was also the longest such occurrence in all major North American sports. Since the start of play in 1969, the Cubs have appeared in the postseason eight times through the 2016 season. The Cubs are known as the North Siders, a reference to the location of Wrigley Field within the city of Chicago, there is a divisional rivalry with the St. Louis Cardinals and also a newer rivalry with the Milwaukee Brewers. There is also a rivalry with the White Sox. The Cubs began play in 1876 as the Chicago White Stockings, joining the National League as a charter member. Owner William Hulbert signed multiple star players, such as pitcher Albert Spalding and infielders Ross Barnes, Deacon White, the White Stockings played their home games at West Side Grounds and quickly established themselves as one of the new leagues top teams. Spalding won forty-seven games and Barnes led the league in hitting at.429 as Chicago won the first ever National League pennant, which at the time was the games top prize. After back-to-back pennants in 1880 and 1881, Hulbert died, and Spalding, the White Stockings, with Anson acting as player-manager, captured their third consecutive pennant in 1882, and Anson established himself as the games first true superstar. In 1885 and 86, after winning N. L. pennants, both seasons resulted in match ups with the St. Louis Brown Stockings, with the clubs tying in 1885 and with St. Louis winning in 1886. This was the genesis of what would become one of the greatest rivalries in sports. In all, the Anson-led Chicago Base Ball Club won six National League pennants between 1876 and 1886. As a result, Chicagos club nickname transitioned, and by 1890 they had known as the Chicago Colts, or sometimes Ansons Colts
7.
San Diego Padres
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The San Diego Padres are an American professional baseball franchise based in San Diego, California. The Padres compete in Major League Baseball as a club of the National League West division, along with the Arizona Diamondbacks, Colorado Rockies, Los Angeles Dodgers. Founded in 1969, the Padres have won the NL pennant twice, in 1984 and 1998, as of 2015, they have had 14 winning seasons in franchise history. The Padres are the major professional sports franchise to be located in San Diego. The Padres adopted their name from the Pacific Coast League team that arrived in San Diego in 1936 and that minor league franchise won the PCL title in 1937, led by 18-year-old Ted Williams, the future Hall-of-Famer who was a native of San Diego. The teams name, Spanish for fathers, refers to the Spanish Franciscan friars who founded San Diego in 1769. In 1969, the Padres joined the ranks of Major League Baseball as one of four new teams, along with the Montreal Expos, the Kansas City Royals. Arnholt Smith, a prominent San Diego businessman and former owner of the PCL Padres whose interests included banking, tuna fishing, hotels, real estate and an airline. The teams fortunes improved as they won five National League West titles and reached the World Series twice, in 1984 and in 1998. The Padres main draw during the 1980s and 1990s was Tony Gwynn and they moved into their current stadium, Petco Park, in 2004. As of 2016, the Padres are the team in the MLB yet to throw a no-hitter since their addition to the league in 1969. The team has played its spring training games at the Peoria Sports Complex in Peoria and they share the stadium with the Seattle Mariners. From 1969 to 1993, the Padres held spring training in Yuma, due to the short driving distance and direct highway route, Yuma was very popular with Padres fans, and many fans would travel by car from San Diego for spring training games. Throughout the teams history, the San Diego Padres have used six different logos, the original team colors were blue and red before changing to gold and brown in the 70s. Their first logo depicts a friar swinging a bat with Padres written at the top standing in a sun-like figure with San Diego Padres on the exterior of it. The Swinging Friar has popped up on the uniform on and off ever since although the head of the friar has been tweaked from the original in recent years, in 1985, the Padres switched to using a script-like logo in which Padres was written sloped up. That would later become a script logo for the Padres, the teams colors were changed to brown and orange and remained this way through the 1990 season. In 1989, the Padres took the scripted Padres logo that was used from 1985 to 1988, in 1991, the logo was changed to a silver ring with the Padres script changed from brown to blue
8.
Atlanta Braves
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The Atlanta Braves are an American professional baseball franchise based in the Atlanta metropolitan area. The franchise competes in Major League Baseball as a member of the National League East division, the Braves played home games at Atlanta–Fulton County Stadium from 1966 to 1996, and Turner Field from 1997 to 2016. Since 2017, their stadium has been SunTrust Park, a new stadium 10 miles northwest of downtown Atlanta in Cumberland/Galleria, Georgia. The Braves play spring training games in Lake Buena Vista, Florida, in January 2017, the Braves announced a formal agreement to move their spring training home to North Port, Florida. The Braves name, which was first used in 1912, originates from a term for a Native American warrior, from 1991 to 2005, the Braves were one of the most successful franchises in baseball, winning division titles an unprecedented 14 consecutive times in that period. The Braves won the NL West 1991–93 and the NL East 1995–2005, the Braves advanced to the World Series five times in the 1990s, winning the title in 1995. The Braves are the only Major League Baseball franchise to have won the World Series in three different home cities, the Braves and the Chicago Cubs are the National Leagues two remaining charter franchises. The Braves were founded in Boston, Massachusetts, in 1871, the team states it is the oldest continuously operating professional sports franchise in America. After various name changes, the team began operating as the Boston Braves. Then, in 1953, the moved to Milwaukee, Wisconsin. The teams tenure in Atlanta is noted for Hank Aaron breaking Babe Ruths career home run record in 1974, the Cincinnati Red Stockings, established in 1869 as the first openly all-professional baseball team, voted to dissolve after the 1870 season. The original Boston Red Stockings team and its successors can lay claim to being the oldest continuously playing team in American professional sports. Two young players hired away from the Forest City club of Rockford, Illinois, turned out to be the biggest stars during the NAPBBP years, pitcher Al Spalding and second baseman Ross Barnes. Led by the Wright brothers, Barnes, and Spalding, the Red Stockings dominated the National Association, the team became one of the National Leagues charter franchises in 1876, sometimes called the Red Caps. The Boston Red Caps played in the first game in the history of the National League, on Saturday, April 22,1876, defeating the Athletics, although somewhat stripped of talent in the National Leagues inaugural year, Boston bounced back to win the 1877 and 1878 pennants. The Red Caps/Beaneaters were one of the dominant teams during the 19th century. For most of time, their manager was Frank Selee. Boston came to be called the Beaneaters in 1883, while retaining red as the team color, the 1898 team finished 102–47, a club record for wins that would stand for almost a century
9.
Kansas City Royals
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The Kansas City Royals are an American professional baseball team based in Kansas City, Missouri. The Royals compete in Major League Baseball as a team of the American League Central division. The team was founded as a franchise in 1969, and has participated in four World Series, winning in 1985 and 2015. The name Royals originates from the American Royal, a show, horse show, rodeo. Entering the American League in 1969 along with the Seattle Pilots, since April 10,1973, the Royals have played at Kauffman Stadium, formerly known as Royals Stadium. The team remained competitive throughout the early 1990s, but then had one winning season from 1995 to 2012. For 28 consecutive seasons, the Royals did not qualify to play in the Major League Baseball postseason, the team broke this streak in 2014 by securing the franchises first wild card berth and advancing to the World Series. The Royals followed this up by winning the teams first Central Division title in 2015, the Royals began play in 1969 in Kansas City, Missouri. In their inaugural game, on April 8,1969, the Royals defeated the Minnesota Twins 4–3 in 12 innings, in 1971, the Royals had their first winning season, with manager Bob Lemon leading them to a second-place finish. In 1973, under manager Jack McKeon, the Royals adopted their iconic powder blue road uniforms, the 1973 All-Star Game was hosted at Royals Stadium, with Otis and Mayberry in the AL starting lineup. The event was held at Municipal Stadium in 1960, when the Athletics were based in Kansas City. However, the Royals lost to the New York Yankees in three straight American League Championship Series encounters, after the Royals finished in second place in 1979, Herzog was fired and replaced by Jim Frey. Under Frey, the Royals rebounded in 1980 and advanced to the ALCS, the Royals vanquished the Yankees in a three-game sweep punctuated by a George Brett home run off of Yankees star relief pitcher Goose Gossage. After reaching their first World Series, the Royals fell to the Philadelphia Phillies in six games, Game 6 was also significant because it remains the most-watched game in World Series history with a television audience of 54.9 million viewers. In July 1983, while the Royals were headed for a second-place finish behind the Chicago White Sox another chapter in the rivalry with the New York Yankees occurred. After Yankee Manager Billy Martin came out of the dugout to talk to home plate umpire Tim McClelland, McClelland, McClelland then pointed to Brett in the dugout and gave the out sign, disallowing the home run. Brett stormed out of the dugout, angry and hysterical, the homer was later reinstated by AL President Lee MacPhail, and the Royals won the game after it was resumed several weeks later. The 1983 season was notable for some transitional changes in the Royals organization
10.
Cincinnati Reds
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The Cincinnati Reds are an American professional baseball team based in Cincinnati, Ohio. The Reds compete in Major League Baseball as a club of the National League Central division. They were a member of the American Association in 1882. The Reds played in the NL West division from 1969 to 1993 and they have won five World Series titles, nine NL pennants, one AA pennant, and 10 division titles. The team plays its games at Great American Ball Park. Bob Castellini has been executive officer since 2006. The origins of the modern Cincinnati Reds can be traced to the expulsion of a team bearing that name. Both were important activities to entice the citys large German population, while Hulbert made clear his distaste for both beer and Sunday baseball at the founding of the league, neither practice was actually against league rules in those early years. On October 6,1880, however, seven of the eight team owners pledged at a league meeting to formally ban both beer and Sunday baseball at the regular league meeting that December. Only Cincinnati president W. H. Kennett refused to sign the pledge, when these attempts failed, he formed a new independent ballclub known as the Red Stockings in the Spring of 1881, and brought the team to St. Louis for a weekend exhibition. The Reds first game was a 12–3 victory over the St. Louis club, upon arriving in the city, however, Caylor and Thorner discovered that no other owners had decided to accept the invitation, with even Phillips not bothering to attend his own meeting. By chance, the duo met a former pitcher named Al Pratt, the ploy worked, and the American Association was officially formed at the Hotel Gibson in Cincinnati with the new Reds a charter member with Thorner as president. The club never placed higher than second or lower than fifth for the rest of its tenure in the American Association, the National League was happy to accept the teams in part due to the emergence of the new Players League. This new league, a failed attempt to break the reserve clause in baseball. Because the National League decided to expand while the American Association was weakening and it was also at this time that the team first shortened their name from Red Stockings to Reds. The Reds wandered through the 1890s signing local stars and aging veterans, during this time, the team never finished above third place and never closer than 10½ games. At the start of the 20th century, the Reds had hitting stars Sam Crawford, seymours.377 average in 1905 was the first individual batting crown won by a Red. In 1911, Bob Bescher stole 81 bases, which is still a team record, like the previous decade, the 1900s were not kind to the Reds, as much of the decade was spent in the leagues second division
11.
Philadelphia Phillies
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The Philadelphia Phillies are an American professional baseball franchise based in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. They are the oldest continuous, one-name, one-city franchise in all of professional American sports, the Phillies compete in Major League Baseball as a member club of the National League East division. Since 2004, the home has been Citizens Bank Park. The Phillies have won two World Series championships and seven National League pennants, the first of which came in 1915, the franchise has also experienced long periods of struggle. The 77 season drought is the fourth longest World Series drought in Major League Baseball history, the longevity of the franchise and its history of adversity have earned it the dubious distinction of having lost the most games of any team in the history of American professional sports. Despite the teams lack of success historically, they are one of the more successful franchises since the start of the Divisional Era in Major League Baseball. The Phillies have won their division 11 times, which ranks 6th among all teams and 4th in the National League, the franchise was founded in Philadelphia in 1883, replacing the team from Worcester, Massachusetts in the National League. The teams spring training facilities are located in Clearwater, Florida and its Double-A affiliate is the Reading Fightin Phils, which plays in Reading, Pennsylvania, and its Triple-A affiliate is the Lehigh Valley IronPigs, which plays in Allentown, Pennsylvania. After being founded in 1883 as the Quakers, the changed its name to the Philadelphias. This was soon shortened to Phillies, Quakers continued to be used interchangeably with Phillies from 1883 until 1890, when the team officially became known as the Phillies. Player defections to the newly formed American League, especially to the cross-town Philadelphia Athletics, poor fiscal management after their appearance in the 1915 World Series, however, doomed the Phillies to sink back into relative obscurity, from 1918 to 1948 they only had one winning season. Though Chuck Klein won the Most Valuable Player Award in 1932 and the National League Triple Crown in 1933, after lumber baron William B. Cox purchased the team in 1943, the Phillies rose out of the standings cellar for the first time in five years. As a result, the fan base and attendance at home games increased, but it soon became clear that not all was right in Coxs front office. Eventually Cox revealed that he had been betting on the Phillies, the new owner, Bob Carpenter, Jr. scion of the Delaware-based DuPont family, tried to polish the teams image by unofficially changing its name to the Bluejays. However, the new moniker did not take, and it was dropped by 1949. This led to the advent of the Whiz Kids, led by a lineup of players developed by the Phillies farm system that included future Hall of Famers Richie Ashburn. In contrast, the Philadelphia Athletics finished last in 1950 and long-time manager Connie Mack retired, the team struggled on for four more years with only one winning season before abandoning Philadelphia under the Johnson brothers, who bought out Mack. They began play in Kansas City in 1955, as part of the deal selling that team to the Johnson brothers, the Phillies bought Shibe Park, where both teams had played since 1938
12.
St. Louis Cardinals
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The St. Louis Cardinals are an American professional baseball team based in St. Louis, Missouri. The Cardinals compete in Major League Baseball as a club of the National League Central division. Busch Stadium has been their home ballpark since 2006, with origins as one of the early professional baseball clubs in St. Upon the discontinuation of the AA, St. Louis joined the NL in 1892, at time, they were called the Browns. One of the most successful franchises in history, the Cardinals have won 11 World Series championships. Their 19 National League pennants rank third in NL history, in addition, St. Louis has won 13 division titles in the East and Central divisions. While still in the AA, St. Louis won four league championships, the Cardinals have won 105 or more games in four different seasons and won 100 or more a total of nine times. Cardinals players have won 20 league MVPs, four batting Triple Crowns, and three Cy Young Awards. Baseball Hall of Fame inductees include Lou Brock, Dizzy Dean, Bob Gibson, Whitey Herzog, Rogers Hornsby, Joe Medwick, Stan Musial, Branch Rickey, Red Schoendienst, Ozzie Smith, and Bruce Sutter. In 2016, Forbes valued the Cardinals at $1.6 billion, making them the 7th-most valuable franchise in MLB, their revenue the year was $300 million. Since their purchase in 1995, owner William DeWitt, Jr. s investment group has seen enormous growth from the $147 million purchase price, John Mozeliak is the general manager and Mike Matheny is the manager. Professional baseball began in St. Louis with the inception of the Brown Stockings in the National Association in 1875, the NA folded following that season, and the next season, St. Louis joined the National League as a charter member, finishing in third place at 45-19. George Bradley hurled the first no-hitter in Major League history, the NL expelled St. Louis from the league after 1877 due to a game-fixing scandal and the team went bankrupt. Without a league, they continued play as a barnstorming team through 1881. For the 1882 season, Chris von der Ahe purchased the team, reorganized it, and made it a member of the American Association. 1882 is generally considered to be the first year existence of the St. Louis Cardinals, the next season, St. Louis shortened their name to the Browns. Soon thereafter they became the dominant team in the AA, as manager Charlie Comiskey guided St. Louis to four pennants in a row from 1885 to 1888. Pitcher and outfielder Bob Caruthers led the league in ERA and wins in 1885 and he also led the AA in OBP and OPS in 1886 and finished fourth in batting average in 1886 and fifth in 1887
13.
Chicago White Sox
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The Chicago White Sox is an American professional baseball team based in Chicago, Illinois. The White Sox compete in Major League Baseball as a club of the American League Central division. The White Sox play their games at Guaranteed Rate Field. They are one of two league clubs in Chicago, the other is the Chicago Cubs, who are a member of the National League Central division. The team is owned by Jerry Reinsdorf. One of the American Leagues eight charter franchises, the Chicago team was established as a major baseball club in 1900. The club was called the Chicago White Stockings, but this was soon shortened to Chicago White Sox. The team played games at South Side Park before, in 1910. The White Sox won the 1906 World Series with a team dubbed the Hitless Wonders, and the 1917 World Series led by Eddie Cicotte, Eddie Collins. The 1919 World Series was marred by the Black Sox Scandal, in response, Major League Baseballs new Commissioner Kenesaw Mountain Landis banned the players from Major League Baseball for life. In 1959, led by Early Wynn, Nellie Fox, Luis Aparicio and manager Al Lopez and they won the AL pennant in 2005, and went on to win the World Series. The White Sox originated as the Sioux City Cornhuskers of the Western League, in 1894, Charles Comiskey bought the Cornhuskers and moved them to St. Paul, Minnesota, where they became the St. Paul Saints. In 1901, the Western League broke the National Agreement and became the new major league American League, the very first season in the American League ended with a White Stockings championship. However, that would be the end of the season as the World Series did not begin until 1903, the franchise, now known as the Chicago White Sox, made its first World Series appearance in 1906, beating the crosstown Cubs in six games. The White Sox would win a pennant and second World Series in 1917, beating the New York Giants in six games with help from stars Eddie Cicotte. The Sox were heavily favored in the 1919 World Series, huge bets on the Reds fueled speculation that the series had been fixed. This set the franchise back, as they did not win another pennant for 40 years. The White Sox did not finish in the half of the American League again until after club founder Charles Comiskey died and passed ownership of the club to his son
14.
San Francisco Giants
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The San Francisco Giants are an American professional baseball franchise based in San Francisco, California. Founded in 1883 as the New York Gothams, and renamed three years later to the New York Giants, the team moved to San Francisco in 1958. The Giants compete in Major League Baseball as a club of the National League West division. As one of the longest-established and most successful baseball teams. The team was the first major team based in New York City. They have won 23 NL pennants and have played in 20 World Series competitions – both NL records, the Giants eight World Series championships rank second in the National League and are tied for fourth overall. The Giants have played in the World Series 20 times –14 times in New York, six in San Francisco –, the Giants franchise has the most Hall of Fame players in all of professional baseball. The Giants rivalry with the Dodgers is one of the longest-standing, the teams began their rivalry as the New York Giants and Brooklyn Dodgers, respectively, before both franchises moved west for the 1958 season. The Giants have won six pennants and three World Series championships since arriving in San Francisco and those three championships have come in 2010,2012, and most recently in 2014, having defeated the Kansas City Royals four games to three during the 2014 World Series. The Giants began as the baseball club founded by millionaire tobacconist John B. Day and veteran amateur baseball player Jim Mutrie, the Gothams, as the Giants were originally known, entered the National League in 1883, while their other club, the Metropolitans played in the American Association. Nearly half of the original Gotham players were members of the disbanded Troy Trojans, Louis Browns in a pre-modern-era World Series. They repeated as champions the year with a pennant and Championship victory over the Brooklyn Bridegrooms. It is said that one particularly satisfying victory over the Philadelphia Phillies, Mutrie. From then on, the club was known as the Giants, the Giants original home stadium, the Polo Grounds, dates from this early era. It was originally located north of Central Park adjacent to 5th and 6th Avenues and 110th and 112th Streets, the Giants were a powerhouse in the late 1880s, winning their first two National League Pennants and World Championships in 1888 and 1889. But nearly all of the Giants stars jumped to the upstart Players League, whose New York franchise was named the Giants. The new team built a stadium next door to the Polo Grounds
15.
PK Park
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PK Park is a baseball stadium in the northwest United States, located in Eugene, Oregon. It is the field of the University of Oregon Ducks of the Pac-12 Conference, and, during the summer. The Oregon Ducks program was revived in 2009 after nearly three decades as a club sport, PK Park is named after former Oregon athletic director Pat Kilkenny, whose donations helped to fund the stadium. Designed by sport architect DLR Group, PK Park has 3,000 fixed seats in the seating bowl. Fan amenities include a board, landscaped areas for hospitality, a tiered party plaza called Fowl Territory, a picnic plaza. It is located just east of Autzen Stadium, the park was built on the northeast section of the football stadiums parking lot. The Ducks home field through 1981 was Howe Field, just south of McArthur Court, the on-campus venue had since been converted to a facility for the womens softball team. The elevation of the FieldTurf playing field at PK Park is approximately 420 feet above sea level and it has an unorthodox alignment, oriented southeast by east, the recommended alignment of a baseball diamond is east-northeast. The former home venues of Howe Field and Civic Stadium were similar, ground was broken for the facility on August 15,2008, and the first phase involved construction of the FieldTurf playing field and temporary seating for the 2009 season. The second phase of the project was the permanent concrete grandstand, the first game in the completed stadium was on March 2,2010, a 6-2 win over the Washington Huskies, with 2,609 in attendance. In 2012, the park hosted an NCAA Regional and Super Regional, Oregon won the Regional, but was defeated by Kent State in three games in the Super Regional. In 2013, PK Park again hosted an NCAA Regional, as the Ducks entered the 64-team tournament as a #8 national seed, Oregon lost its second and fifth games, both to the Rice Owls, and were eliminated. In 2013, the Ducks ranked 34th among Division I baseball programs in attendance, the parks single-game attendance record of 4,825 was set on June 11,2012, in game three of the Super Regional against Kent State, the Golden Flashes defeated the Ducks 3-2. To increase the capacity for postseason play, two temporary stands were erected beyond the left-center field wall. * – Spring Football game played on the same day, in the programs first period as a varsity sport, the Ducks played at Howe Field, which was converted to the womens softball venue in 1987. List of NCAA Division I baseball venues Civic Stadium, former home of the Eugene Emeralds PK Park University of Oregon Athletics PK Park Eugene Emeralds Information on ballpark when proposed
16.
Civic Stadium (Eugene, Oregon)
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Civic Stadium was an outdoor athletic stadium in the western United States, located in Eugene, Oregon. For most of its history it was owned by the Eugene School District, opened in 1938, the stadium was destroyed by fire in 2015 on June 29. Civic Stadium, located near East 20th Avenue and Willamette Street, in October 2008, Civic Stadium was added to the National Register of Historic Places. Originally built for high school football and baseball, in 1969 it became the home of the Eugene Emeralds minor league baseball team, the Emeralds moved up to the Pacific Coast League in 1969 and needed a larger venue. After five seasons in the PCL, they returned to the Class A Northwest League in 1974, before the departure of the Emeralds in 2009, Civic Stadium was one of the ten oldest active minor league baseball facilities in the United States. The lighted playing field at Civic Stadium had an alignment, oriented southeast. In August 2009, the Emeralds announced their relocation to the University of Oregons PK Park for the 2010 season, the Emeralds played their last game at Civic Stadium on Thursday, September 4,2009, a 5-3 loss to the Salem-Keizer Volcanoes. Following the game, fans collected pieces of the turf as souvenirs. By 2009, the district designated the stadium a surplus property. As recently as 2007, the school district examined options to all or part of the property. A local group, Friends of Civic Stadium, started a campaign in support of restoring the historic venue while also attempting to find alternative tenants. With the future of the stadium in flux, it was one of ten entries on Restore Oregons Most Endangered Places in Oregon 2011 list. In April 2015, the Eugene Civic Alliance raised $4.1 million to buy the stadium and 10 acres of surrounding property from the school district, on June 29,2015, Civic Stadium was destroyed by fire. Two days later, officials charged four pre-teen boys in connection with the fire, the stadium was delisted from the National Register of Historic Places on March 8,2016. National Register of Historic Places listings in Lane County, Oregon Media related to Civic Stadium at Wikimedia Commons
17.
Pacific Northwest
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The Pacific Northwest, sometimes referred to as Cascadia, is a geographic region in western North America bounded by the Pacific Ocean to the west and loosely, by the Rocky Mountains on the east. Though no agreed boundary exists, a common conception includes the U. S. states of Oregon and Washington and the Canadian province of British Columbia. Broader conceptions reach north into Alaska and Yukon, south into far northern California and east to the Continental Divide, thus including Idaho, Western Montana, narrower conceptions may be limited to the northwestern US or to the coastal areas west of the Cascade and Coast mountains. The variety of definitions can be attributed to partially overlapping commonalities of the history, geography, society. The Northwest Coast is the region of the Pacific Northwest. The term Pacific Northwest should not be confused with the Northwest Territory or the Northwest Territories of Canada. The border — in two sections, along the 49th parallel south of British Columbia and the Alaska Panhandle west of northern British Columbia — has had an effect on the region. According to Canadian historian Ken Coates, the border has not merely influenced the Pacific Northwest—rather, definitions of the Pacific Northwest region vary, and there is no commonly agreed-upon boundary, even among Pacific Northwesterners. A common conception of the Pacific Northwest includes the U. S. states of Oregon and Washington as well as the Canadian province of British Columbia. Broader definitions of the region may include the U. S. state of Alaska, the Canadian territory of Yukon, the portion of the state of California. Definitions based on the historic Oregon Country reach east to the Continental Divide, thus including all of Idaho and parts of western Montana. Sometimes the Pacific Northwest is defined as being the Northwestern United States, often these definitions are made by government agencies whose scope is limited to the United States. Some definitions include, in addition to Washington, Oregon, Idaho and British Columbia, Southeast Alaska, western Montana, the coast of northern California, the Pacific Northwest has been occupied by a diverse array of indigenous peoples for millennia. The Pacific Coast is seen by scholars as a major coastal migration route in the settlement of the Americas by late Pleistocene peoples moving from northeast Asia into the Americas. Other evidence for human occupation dating back as much as 14,500 years ago is emerging from Paisley Caves in south-central Oregon, however, despite such research, the coastal migration hypothesis is still subject to considerable debate. Due in part to the richness of Pacific Northwest Coast and river fisheries, in the interior of the Pacific Northwest, the indigenous peoples, at the time of European contact, had a diversity of cultures and societies. Some areas were home to mobile and egalitarian societies, others, especially along major rivers such as the Columbia and Fraser, had very complex, affluent, sedentary societies rivaling those of the coast. In British Columbia and Southeast Alaska, the Tlingit and Haida erected large, throughout the Pacific Northwest, thousands of indigenous people live, and some continue to practice their rich cultural traditions, organizing their societies around cedar and salmon
18.
United States
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Forty-eight of the fifty states and the federal district are contiguous and located in North America between Canada and Mexico. The state of Alaska is in the northwest corner of North America, bordered by Canada to the east, the state of Hawaii is an archipelago in the mid-Pacific Ocean. The U. S. territories are scattered about the Pacific Ocean, the geography, climate and wildlife of the country are extremely diverse. At 3.8 million square miles and with over 324 million people, the United States is the worlds third- or fourth-largest country by area, third-largest by land area. It is one of the worlds most ethnically diverse and multicultural nations, paleo-Indians migrated from Asia to the North American mainland at least 15,000 years ago. European colonization began in the 16th century, the United States emerged from 13 British colonies along the East Coast. Numerous disputes between Great Britain and the following the Seven Years War led to the American Revolution. On July 4,1776, during the course of the American Revolutionary War, the war ended in 1783 with recognition of the independence of the United States by Great Britain, representing the first successful war of independence against a European power. The current constitution was adopted in 1788, after the Articles of Confederation, the first ten amendments, collectively named the Bill of Rights, were ratified in 1791 and designed to guarantee many fundamental civil liberties. During the second half of the 19th century, the American Civil War led to the end of slavery in the country. By the end of century, the United States extended into the Pacific Ocean. The Spanish–American War and World War I confirmed the status as a global military power. The end of the Cold War and the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991 left the United States as the sole superpower. The U. S. is a member of the United Nations, World Bank, International Monetary Fund, Organization of American States. The United States is a developed country, with the worlds largest economy by nominal GDP. It ranks highly in several measures of performance, including average wage, human development, per capita GDP. While the U. S. economy is considered post-industrial, characterized by the dominance of services and knowledge economy, the United States is a prominent political and cultural force internationally, and a leader in scientific research and technological innovations. In 1507, the German cartographer Martin Waldseemüller produced a map on which he named the lands of the Western Hemisphere America after the Italian explorer and cartographer Amerigo Vespucci
19.
National Baseball Hall of Fame and Museum
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The National Baseball Hall of Fame and Museum is an American history museum and hall of fame, located at 25 Main Street in Cooperstown, New York, and operated by private interests. The Halls motto is Preserving History, Honoring Excellence, Connecting Generations, the word Cooperstown is often used as shorthand for the National Baseball Hall of Fame and Museum. The Hall of Fame was established in 1939 by Stephen Carlton Clark, Clark had sought to bring tourists to a city hurt by the Great Depression, which reduced the local tourist trade, and Prohibition, which devastated the local hops industry. A new building was constructed, and the Hall of Fame was dedicated on June 12,1939, the erroneous claim that U. S. Civil War hero Abner Doubleday invented baseball in Cooperstown was instrumental in the early marketing of the Hall. An expanded library and research facility opened in 1994, dale Petroskey became the organizations president in 1999. In 2002, the Hall launched Baseball As America, an exhibit that toured ten American museums over six years. The Hall of Fame has since also sponsored educational programming on the Internet to bring the Hall of Fame to schoolchildren who might not visit, the Hall and Museum completed a series of renovations in spring 2005. The Hall of Fame also presents an annual exhibit at FanFest at the Major League Baseball All-Star Game, Jeff Idelson replaced Petroskey as president on April 16,2008. In 2012, Congress passed and President Barack Obama signed a law ordering the United States Mint to produce and sell commemorative, non-circulating coins to benefit the private, non-profit Hall. The bill, House Bill H. R.2527, was introduced in the United States House of Representatives by Rep. Richard Hanna, a Republican from New York, the coins, which depict baseball gloves and balls, are the first concave designs produced by the Mint. The mintage included 50,000 gold coins,400,000 silver coins, the Mint released them on March 27,2014, and the gold and silver editions quickly sold out. The Hall receives money from surcharges included in the sale price,114 members of the Hall of Fame have been inducted posthumously, including four who died after their selection was announced. Of the 35 Negro league members,29 were inducted posthumously, the Hall of Fame includes one female member, Effa Manley. The newest inductees, enshrined on July 24,2016, are players Mike Piazza, the incoming class of 2017, to be formally enshrined on July 30, consists of executives John Schuerholz and Bud Selig and players Jeff Bagwell, Tim Raines, and Iván Rodríguez. In addition to honoring Hall of Fame inductees, the National Baseball Hall of Fame has presented 40 men with the Ford C, while Frick and Spink Award honorees are not members of the Hall of Fame, they are recognized in an exhibit in the Hall of Fames library. ONeil Award honorees are also not Hall of Fame members, but are listed alongside a permanent statue of the namesake and first recipient, Buck ONeil. From a final ballot typically including 25–40 candidates, each writer may vote for up to 10 players, until the late 1950s, any player named on 75% or more of all ballots cast is elected. A player who is named on fewer than 5% of ballots is dropped from future elections, players receiving 5% or more of the votes but fewer than 75% are reconsidered annually until a maximum of ten years of eligibility
20.
Reggie Jackson
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Jackson was inducted into the National Baseball Hall of Fame in 1993. Jackson was nicknamed Mr. October for his hitting in the postseason with the Athletics. He helped Oakland win five consecutive American League West divisional pennants, Jackson helped New York win four American League East divisional pennants, three American League pennants and two consecutive World Series titles, from 1977 to 1981. He also helped the California Angels win two AL West divisional pennants in 1982 and 1986, Jackson hit three consecutive home runs at Yankee Stadium in the clinching game 6 of the 1977 World Series. Jackson hit 563 career home runs and was an American League All-Star for 14 seasons and he won two Silver Slugger Awards, the AL Most Valuable Player Award in 1973, two World Series MVP Awards, and the Babe Ruth Award in 1977. The Yankees and Athletics retired his uniform number in 1993 and 2004. Jackson currently serves as an advisor to the Yankees. Jackson was born in the Wyncote neighborhood of Cheltenham Township, just north of Philadelphia and his father was Martinez Jackson, a half Puerto Rican, who worked as a tailor and who was a former second baseman with the Newark Eagles of Negro league baseball. He was the youngest of four children from his mother, Clara and he also had two half-siblings from his fathers first marriage. Martinez Jackson was a father, and theirs was one of the few black families in Wyncote. Jackson graduated from Cheltenham High in 1964, where he excelled in football, basketball, baseball, a tailback in football, he injured his knee in an early season game in his junior year. He was told by the doctors he was never to play football again, in that game, Jackson fractured five cervical vertebrae, which caused him to spend six weeks in the hospital and another month in a neck cast. Doctors told Jackson that he never walk again, let alone play football. On the baseball team, he batted.550 and threw several no-hitters, in the middle of his senior year, Jacksons father was arrested for bootlegging and was sentenced to six months in jail. In football, he was scouted by Alabama, Georgia, and Oklahoma, Jackson declined Alabama and Georgia because he was fearful of the South at the time, and declined Oklahoma because they told him to stop dating white girls. For baseball, Jackson was scouted by Hans Lobert of the San Francisco Giants who was desperate to sign him, the Los Angeles Dodgers and Minnesota Twins also made offers, and the hometown Philadelphia Phillies gave him a tryout but declined because of his hitting skills. His father wanted his son to go to college, where Jackson wanted to both football and baseball. He decided to attend Arizona State University on a football scholarship and his high-school football coach knew ASUs head football coach Frank Kush, and they discussed the possibility of him playing both sports
21.
Arizona State Sun Devils baseball
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The Arizona State Sun Devils baseball program at the Arizona State University is part of the Pac-12 Conference. Since it became a member of the Pac-12, it has the highest winning percentage, at.681, ASUs NCAA leading 54 consecutive 30 win seasons is the longest streak in the nation. The Sun Devils only losing season occurred in 1963, ASU is one of the most successful college baseball programs in the country. Notable Sun Devil baseball alumni include Dustin Pedroia, Andre Ethier, Bob Horner, Barry Bonds, Paul Lo Duca, Rick Monday, Arizona State University adopted baseball as a varsity sport in 1959. Under the guidance of coach Bobby Winkles, the Sun Devils finished their first season with a 28–18–1 record, in 1964, Coach Winkles led the team to a 44–7 record, winning the WAC title. They beat Utah twice in the WAC playoffs and then beat Air Force 6–1 and 7–6 to win District 7, in their first game the Sun Devils were shut out 7–0 by the Missouri Tigers. The next day they beat Mississippi 5–0 before losing their next two days later 4–2 to Maine. The following year the Sun Devils went 9–3 in the WAC to win conference championships. Rick Monday was the first ever player to be drafted for baseball out of Arizona State University, once again going back to the College World Series, their opening game against Lafayette was a blowout win of 14–1. The offense again exploded against St. Louis 13–3 and they beat Ohio State 9–4, then beat St. Louis again 6–2 where they faced Ohio State. Arizona St. lost the first game 7–3 but won the next game 2–1 to win their first national championship. The following season the national champions were unable to defend their title as they finished the season 41–11, finishing second in the conference. In the District 7 playoff series, they split the first two games of the series, winning 11–0 then losing 5–2 and they were able to win the final game of the series 6–0 advancing to the College World Series. They opened winning two blowout games 7–2 and 8–1 against Oklahoma St and Boston College before winning a close one against Stanford 5–3, once again, the Sun Devils followed up their national championship season with a second place conference finish and failed to receive a postseason berth. In 1969 the Devils were able to return to the World Series winning the WAC championship against BYU, then swept Idaho 7–1 and this was the programs third national championship in the last five years. After the 1971 season, Coach Winkles was hired by the California Angels, Bobby Winkles was ASUs first varsity baseball coach and maintained an impressive 524-173 record during his 13 years of coaching for the Sun Devils. A three-time NCAA Coach of the Year, Winkles took the ASU program from scratch, Winkles Field-Packard Stadium at Brock Ballpark, located in Tempe, was the home of Arizona State baseball from 1974 to 2014. Dimensions of Packard are 338 feet down the lines,368 feet in the alleys and 395 to straightaway center
22.
Toledo Mud Hens
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The Toledo Mud Hens are a Minor League Baseball team located in Toledo, Ohio. The Mud Hens play in the International League and are affiliated with the Detroit Tigers franchise of Major League Baseball and they play their home games at Fifth Third Field. Professional baseball had been played off and on in Toledo since 1883, but the Mud Hens era began in 1896 with the Swamp Angels and they played in Bay View Park, which was outside the Toledo city limits and therefore not covered by the citys blue laws. The park was located near marshland inhabited by American coots, also known as mud hens, for this reason, the local press soon dubbed the team the Mud Hens—a nickname that has stuck to Toledo baseball teams for all but a few years since. After only one year, though, the moved to Armory Park. M*A*S*H character Maxwell Klinger hailed from Toledo and often mentioned the Mud Hens as his baseball team throughout the series. He was often wearing a Toledo Mud Hens jersey and cap. Like Klinger, Farr was born and raised in Toledo, in fact, Klinger feels so strongly about the Mud Hens that he gets put on KP duty for a month when he hits his mortal enemy Sgt Zelmo Zale, who insulted the Mud Hens. The Mud Hens retired jersey #1 in Farrs honor, the title character of the comic strip Crankshaft was a pitcher for the Mud Hens just before World War II when he enlisted in the Army. He invariably wears a Mud Hens cap in the strip, in the summer of 2016 the Mud Hens retired jersey #13 in Crankshafts honor. Lou Brown, manager of the Cleveland Indians in the film Major League, richard Pryors character, Montgomery Brewster, in the 1985 film Brewsters Millions was said to have previously pitched for the Mud Hens. List of baseball parks in Toledo, Ohio Current and former Toledo Mud Hens players The Toledo Baseball Guide of the Mud Hens 1883–1943, www. baseball-reference. com Toledo Mud Hens web site
23.
International League
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The International League is a Minor League Baseball league that operates in the eastern United States and is headquartered in Dublin, Ohio. Like the Pacific Coast League and the Mexican League, it plays at the Triple-A level and it was so named because it had teams in both the United States and Canada. However, since the relocation of the Ottawa Lynx to Allentown, Pennsylvania, to become the Lehigh Valley IronPigs for the 2008 season, all of the leagues teams are now based in the U. S. The New York State and Ontario leagues merged in 1886 to form the International League, the league collapsed soon afterwards, when the Northern teams claimed that it was too onerous to travel to the South and formed the International Association. Teams and league names came and went over the years, the League was also affected by the effort to establish the Federal League as a new third major league in 1914-1915, with franchises being added and dropped and new stadiums/ball parks built. In 1954, a franchise was awarded to Havana, Cuba, another foray into the Caribbean failed when the newly created team in San Juan, Puerto Rico, added in 1961, had to be moved to Charleston, West Virginia, in mid-season. In 1971, an International League all-star team beat the New York Yankees in a game in Rochester, New York. In 1984, the all-stars lost to the Cleveland Indians in 11 innings before 11,032 fans in Columbus, Ohio, the International League and the American Association, another Triple-A league that operated in the Midwest, voted in 1988 to play inter-league games. The league also split into two divisions that year, the inter-league concept ended in 1992, but the two league divisions remained. In further inter-league play, in 1988, the three Triple-A leagues, the other being the Pacific Coast League, met to play the first Triple-A All-Star Game, one team was made up of All-Stars from American League affiliates and the other of National League affiliates. Beginning in 1998, a team of IL All-Stars faced off against a team of PCL All-Stars and this game was the first of its kind. It was played in the Buffalo Bisons new stadium, Pilot Field, since 2006, the league champion has met to play the PCL champion in the Triple-A Baseball National Championship Game, a single Triple-A Championship game. Previous class championship series included the Junior World Series, the Triple-A Classic, List of Governors Cup champions In 1933, the International League introduced a new playoff system, awarding the winner the Governors Cup. This has become the recognized International League champion, italics indicate team is now defunct. International League baseball awards List of sports attendance figures Harry Simmons International League official website Triple-A Baseball official website
24.
High school football
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High school football is gridiron football played by high school teams in the United States and Canada. It ranks among the most popular sports in both countries. It is also popular amongst American High school teams in Europe, High school football began in the late 19th century, concurrent with the start of many college football programs. In the late 19th and early 20th century, many college, other traditions of high school football such as pep rallies, marching bands, mascots, and homecomings are mirrored from college football. No true minor league farm organizations exist in American football, therefore, high school football is generally considered to be the third tier of American football in the United States, behind professional and college competition. The National Federation of State High School Associations establishes the rules of high school football in the United States, two states, Texas and Massachusetts, use NCAA playing rules except as shown below. Kickoffs take place at the kicking teams 40-yard line, as opposed to the 35 in college, if an attempted field goal is missed it is treated as a punt, normally it would be a touchback and the opposing team will start at the 20-yard line. However, if it not enter the end zone, it can be downed or returned as a normal punt. Any kick crossing the line is automatically a touchback, kicks cannot be returned out of the end zone. Pass interference by the results in a 15-yard penalty. Pass interference by the results in a 15-yard penalty, from the previous spot. The defense cannot return an extra-point attempt for a score, any defensive player that encroaches the neutral zone, regardless of whether the ball was snapped or not, commits a dead ball foul for encroachment. 5-yard penalty from the previous spot, prior to 2013, offensive pass interference resulted in a 15-yard penalty AND a loss of down. The loss of down provision has been deleted from the rules starting in 2013, in college and the NFL, offensive pass interference is only 10 yards. The use of overtime, and the type of overtime used, is up to the state association. The NFHS offers a suggested overtime procedure based on the Kansas Playoff, intentional grounding may be called even if the quarterback is outside the tackle box. The home team must wear dark-colored jerseys, and the team must wear white jerseys. In the NFL, the team has choice of jersey color, and in the NCAA
25.
University of Oregon
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The University of Oregon is a public flagship research university in Eugene, Oregon. Founded in 1876, the institutions 295-acre campus is along the Willamette River, since July 2014, UO has been governed by the Board of Trustees of the University of Oregon. The university has a Carnegie Classification of highest research activity and has 21 research centers, UO was admitted to the Association of American Universities in 1969. UO offers 316 undergraduate and graduate programs in a wide range of disciplines. Additionally, the Graduate School oversees the universitys graduate and certificate programs, UO student-athletes compete as the Ducks and are part of the Pac-12 Conference in the National Collegiate Athletic Association. With eighteen varsity teams, the Oregon Ducks are best known for their team and track. The Oregon State Legislature established the university on October 12,1872, the residents of Eugene struggled to help finance the institution, holding numerous fundraising events such as strawberry festivals, church socials, and produce sales. They raised $27,500, enough to buy eighteen acres of land at a cost of $2,500, the doors officially opened in 1876 with the name of Oregon State University and Deady Hall as its sole building. The first year of enrollment contained 155 students taught by five faculty members, the first graduating class was in 1878, graduating five students. In 1881, the university was closed, it was $8,000 in debt before Henry Villard donated $7,000 to help pay for the debt. In 1913, and again in 1932, there were proposals to merge the university with what is now Oregon State University, during Prince Lucien Campbells tenure as president from 1902 to 1925, the university experienced tremendous growth. The budget, enrollment, facilities, and faculty members all grew several times its amount prior to his presidency, however, the University of Oregon lost its School of Engineering to Oregon Agricultural College, now known as Oregon State University. The Zorn-MacPherson Bill in 1932 proposed the University of Oregon and Oregon State College merge, the bill lost in a landslide vote of over 6 to 1. The University of Oregon Medical School was founded in 1887 in Portland, however, in 1974 it became an independent institution known as Oregon Health Sciences University. In 1969, the UO was admitted into the Association of American Universities, with contributions exceeding $100 million from benefactors such as Phil Knight and Lorry I. Lokey, the goal was exceeded by over $253 million. The University occupies over 80 buildings and these projects, among others, were commissioned in part to support current student enrollment as well as possible future increases. Effective July 1,2014, the University of Oregon became an independent public body governed by the Board of Trustees of the University of Oregon
26.
Autzen Stadium
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Autzen Stadium is an outdoor football stadium in the northwest United States, in Eugene, Oregon. Located north of the University of Oregon campus, it is the field of the Oregon Ducks of the Pac-12 Conference. Opened 50 years ago in 1967, the stadium has undergone several expansions, prior to 1967, the Ducks on-campus stadium was Hayward Field, which they shared with the track and field team. However, by the 1960s, it had become apparent that the 22, the stadium, designed by Skidmore, Owings & Merrill, was built within an artificial landfill to eliminate the need for multilevel ramps. As a result, construction took just nine months and cost approximately $2.3 million, ironically, Autzen was an alumnus of archrival Oregon State University. The foundations donation was linked to his son, a UO alumnus from the class of 1943, in 1967, Oregon hosted Colorado in the first game played at Autzen Stadium, a 17–13 loss before 27,500 on September 23. Four weeks later on October 21,16,000 saw Oregon win their first game in the new facility, the stadium alternates with Oregon States Reser Stadium as host of the Civil War game. Autzen hosted the inaugural Pac-12 Conference Championship game on December 2,2011, opened with natural grass in 1967, the field was switched to AstroTurf and lights were added for its third season in 1969. After seven years, it was replaced with new AstroTurf in 1976, sand-based OmniTurf was installed in 1984 and 1991, and infilled NeXturf in 2001. The NeXturf was found to be overly slick when wet and lasted one season. FieldTurf made its debut in Autzen in 2002, and was replaced in 2010, with up to eight feet of gravel fill underneath the field, the original crown of the natural grass field was moderate, with the center of the field approximately one foot higher than the sidelines. The crown was removed in 2010, and the surface is now flat, in 1982, a $650,000 meeting room complex, the Donald Barker Stadium Club, was opened on the east rim above the end zone. It gave the stadium its first meeting facilities, and was dedicated at the opener in September. A proposal to enclose the stadium within a dome was given consideration in 1985. New tax laws on contributions altered the feasibility, and the project was scaled back. In 1988, a $2.3 million renovation built a new box on the south side of the stadium. The renovation was designed by architecture firm Ellerbe Becket, in 1995, the field was named Rich Brooks Field, after the Ducks coach from 1977 to 1994. Brooks led Oregon to its first outright Pac-10 championship, and its first Rose Bowl appearance in 37 years, Brooks left Oregon after the 1994 season to become head coach of the St. Louis Rams of the National Football League
27.
Willamette River
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The Willamette River is a major tributary of the Columbia River, accounting for 12 to 15 percent of the Columbias flow. The Willamettes main stem is 187 miles long, lying entirely in northwestern Oregon in the United States, humans began living in the watershed over 10,000 years ago. There were once many tribal villages along the river and in the area around its mouth on the Columbia. Indigenous peoples lived throughout the reaches of the basin as well. The river was an important transportation route in the 19th century, although Willamette Falls, in the 21st century, major highways follow the river, and roads cross it on more than 50 bridges. Since 1900, more than 15 large dams and many smaller ones have been built in the Willamettes drainage basin, the dams are used primarily to produce hydroelectricity, to maintain reservoirs for recreation, and to prevent flooding. The river and its tributaries support 60 fish species, including species of salmon and trout, this is despite the dams, other alterations. Part of the Willamette Floodplain was established as a National Natural Landmark in 1987, the upper tributaries of the Willamette originate in the mountains south and southeast of Eugene, Oregon. The rivers two most significant course deviations occur at Newberg, where it turns sharply east, and about 18 miles downstream from Newberg, near its mouth north of downtown Portland, the river splits into two channels that flow around Sauvie Island. Used for navigation purposes, these channels are managed by the U. S. federal government. The main channel, which is 40 feet deep and varies in width from 600 to 1,900 feet, the channel forms the primary navigational conduit for Portlands harbor and riverside industrial areas. The smaller Multnomah Channel, a distributary, is 21 miles long, about 600 feet wide and it ends about 14.5 miles further downstream on the Columbia, near St. Helens in Columbia County. Proposals have been made for deepening the Multnomah Channel to 43 feet in conjunction with roughly 103.5 miles of tandem-maintained navigation on the Columbia River, similarly, the river was shortened by 40 percent in the stretch between Harrisburg and Albany. Interstate 5 and three branches of Oregon Route 99 are the two highways that follow the river for its entire length. Significant tributaries from source to mouth include the Middle and Coast forks and the McKenzie, Long Tom, Marys, Calapooia, Santiam, Luckiamute, Yamhill, Molalla, Tualatin, and Clackamas rivers. Beginning at 438 feet above sea level, the main stem descends 428 feet between source and mouth, or about 2.3 feet per mile, the gradient is slightly steeper from the source to Albany than it is from Albany to Oregon City. At Willamette Falls, between West Linn and Oregon City, the river plunges about 40 feet, for the rest of its course, the river is extremely low-gradient and is affected by Pacific Ocean tidal effects from the Columbia. The main stem of the Willamette varies in width from about 330 to 660 feet, the Willamettes flow varies considerably season to season, averaging about 8,200 cubic feet per second in August to more than 79,000 cubic feet per second in December
28.
Oregon Ducks baseball
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The Oregon Ducks baseball team represents the University of Oregon in NCAA Division I college baseball in the Pac-12 Conference. The head coach is George Horton and home games are played on campus at PK Park, Oregon played its first baseball game in 1877 and established the program in 1885. The UO team made one College World Series appearance, in 1954, after the 1981 season, baseball and three other varsity sports at Oregon were dropped by the university due to a budget crisis, and baseball became a club sport in March 1983. In July 2007, the university announced that it would field a varsity baseball team. In-state rival Oregon State had secured their second consecutive College World Series title a month earlier, in the Ducks first game in PK Park, they defeated the defending national champions, the Fresno State Bulldogs, 1–0 on a walk-off single by senior Andrew Schmidt. A sellout crowd of 2,777 was on hand for the game, the Ducks previously played baseball at Howe Field, south of McArthur Court, named in 1936 for Dr. Herbert Crombie Howe, the former chairman of the English department. Howe started teaching at UO in 1901 and was its original faculty representative to the Pacific Coast Conference in 1915, when the university dropped baseball after the 1981 season, the field was converted to use by the Ducks womens softball team in 1987. Softball was formerly played at Amazon Park, Baseball became a club sport in 1983 and Oregon was the only Pac-10 school without a varsity baseball program through 2008. Following the reinstatement of baseball, announced in 2007, the university built PK Park, directly northeast of Autzen Stadium, formerly paved parking spaces. It opened for the Ducks in 2009 and since 2010, the park is home for the minor league Eugene Emeralds of the short season Northwest League. The NCAA Division I Baseball Tournament started in 1947, the format of the tournament has changed through the years. Joe Gordon, Hall of Famer as a second baseman Dave Roberts Steve Baker Ray Smith Tom Dodd Zack Thornton List of NCAA Division I baseball programs Official website
29.
Nate Freiman
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Nathan Samuel Freiman is an American professional baseball first baseman who is currently a free agent. He is 6 feet 8 inches tall, weighs 250 pounds, in 2013, baseball writer Tim Brown wrote, Near as anyone can tell, theres never been a taller major-league position player than Freiman. Freiman holds Duke Universitys career home run record, and the schools second-highest all-time batting average, in 2012, he led the Texas League in RBIs and hits, and was both a midseason and postseason All-Star. In December 2012, the Astros picked Freiman in the Rule 5 draft, in March 2013 the Oakland Athletics claimed him off waivers, and he made his major league debut for the As the following month. Freiman was voted American League Rookie of the Month for May 2013, but after leading the Pacific Coast League in RBIs through June 29, while tying for seventh in the league in home runs, he was called back up to the As. On July 2,2015, the As designated Freiman for assignment and he played for Team Israel at the 2017 World Baseball Classic. Freiman is married to golfer Amanda Blumenherst, the two were Dukes ACC Senior Male and Female Athletes of the Year in 2009. Freiman is Jewish, and was born in Washington, D. C. to Len and Marjorie Freiman, a lawyer, both of his parents have law degrees. His younger brother, Eli, was preparing for medical board examinations as Nate was starting his major league career early in the 2013 season, Freiman grew up in the college town of Wellesley, Massachusetts, a western suburb of Boston. He was both a pitcher and a catcher for the Wellesley High School baseball team for four years. In his junior year, he led the Bay State Conference with a.500 batting average and 19 RBIs, as a pitcher with a 90 miles per hour fastball, he was 17–1 in his last two years. He was a three-time all-Conference selection, and a team captain. Baseball America rated him one of the top 50 high school prospects in the country, at the same time, he lettered in indoor track and was captain of the track team. He was also editor of his school newspaper, and is a member of both the National Honor Society and the National Spanish Honor Society. Freiman attended Duke University in Durham, North Carolina, graduating in 2009 with a degree as a history major. He played college baseball for the Duke Blue Devils baseball team as a first baseman, in 2006, his freshman year, Freiman injured his throwing arm in the first inning of his only start on the mound, ending his pitching aspirations. He made the All-Atlantic Coast Conference academic baseball team and the ACC academic honor roll, in 2007 he led the team with a.369 batting average,7 home runs and 48 RBIs. He was an ESPN The Magazine Academic All-District III Second Team selection, and made the All-ACC academic team and he played for the Orleans Cardinals of the Cape Cod League in the summer, and was fifth in the league in RBIs with 28
30.
Extra-base hit
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Extra-base hits are often not listed separately in tables of baseball statistics, but are easily determined by calculating the sum total of a batters doubles, triples, and home runs. The record for most career extra-base hits is 1,477, another related statistic of interest that can be calculated is extra bases on long hits. A batter gets three of these for home run, two for each triple, and one for each double. Thus, leading the league in Most extra bases in long hits is a significant accomplishment in power hitting, the statistic Extra-Base Hits Allowed is denoted by the abbreviation XBA. Totals are current through the end of the 2014 season, Hank Aaron –1,477 Barry Bonds –1,440 Stan Musial –1,377 Babe Ruth –1,356 Willie Mays –1,323 Totals are current through the end of the 2014 season. Babe Ruth –119 Lou Gehrig –117 Barry Bonds –107 Chuck Klein –107 Todd Helton –105 Slugging average Total bases
31.
Total bases
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In baseball statistics, total bases is the number of bases a player has gained with hits. It is a sum for which the weight value is 1 for a single,2 for a double,3 for a triple and 4 for a home run. Only bases attained from hits count toward this total, reaching base by other means or advancing further after the hit does not increase the players total bases. The total bases divided by the number of at bats is the players slugging average, hank Aaron is the career leader in total bases with 6,856. Stan Musial and Willie Mays are the other players with at least 6,000 career total bases. Stats updated as of April 2,2017, baseball. reference. com – Career Leaders & Records for Total Bases
32.
Bigfoot
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Bigfoot is a simian-like creature of American folklore that is said to inhabit forests, especially in the Pacific Northwest. Bigfoot is usually described as a large, hairy, bipedal humanoid, the term sasquatch is an Anglicized derivative of the Halkomelem word sásqets. Scientists discount the existence of Bigfoot and consider it to be a combination of folklore, misidentification, occasional new reports of sightings sustain a small group of self-described investigators. Many reports of sightings are attributed to being various animals, particularly black bears, individuals claiming to have seen Bigfoot describe it as a large, hairy, muscular, bipedal ape-like creature, roughly 2–3 metres covered in hair described as black, dark brown, or dark reddish. Some descriptions include details such as eyes, a pronounced brow ridge. The top of the head has been described as rounded and crested, the creature has been reported as having a strong, unpleasant smell. The enormous footprints for which the creature is named are claimed to be as large as 24 inches long and 8 inches wide. Some footprint casts have also contained claw marks, making it likely that they came from animals, such as bears. Proponents of Bigfoots existence claim that the creature is omnivorous and mainly nocturnal, wild men stories are found among the indigenous peoples of the Pacific Northwest Coast. Ecologist Robert Pyle argues that most cultures have human-like giants in their folk history, each language had its own name for the creature featured in the local version of such legends. Many names meant something along the lines of wild man or hairy man, although other names described common actions it was said to perform, such as eating clams or shaking trees. A story told to Charles Hill-Tout by Chief Mischelle of the Nlakapamux at Lytton, British Columbia in 1898 gives another Salishan variant of the name, members of the Lummi tell tales about Tsemekwes, the local version of Bigfoot. The stories are similar to other in the general descriptions of Tsemekwes. Some regional versions contained more nefarious creatures, the stiyaha or kwi-kwiyai were a nocturnal race that children were told not to say the names of lest the monsters hear and come to carry off a person—sometimes to be killed. In 1847, Paul Kane reported stories by the people about skoocooms. Less-menacing versions exist, such as the one recorded by Reverend Elkanah Walker, in 1840, Walker, a Protestant missionary, recorded stories of giants among the Native Americans living near present-day Spokane, Washington. The Indians said that these giants lived on and around the peaks of nearby mountains, local stories were compiled by Indian Agent J. W. Burns in a series of Canadian newspaper articles in the 1920s recounting stories told to him by the StsAiles people of Chehalis and others. The StsAiles maintain, as do other indigenous peoples of the region, according to StsAiles eyewitness accounts, the Sasquatch prefer to avoid white men, and speak the Lillooet language of the people at Port Douglas, British Columbia at the head of Harrison Lake
33.
Voodoo Doughnut
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The company maintains two shops and a cart in Portland, and shops in Eugene, Denver, Austin, Universal City, and Taipei. The company has about 70 employees and $600,000 in annual revenue, unusually, the business only accepts cash payments, though they do host ATMs. Voodoo Doughnut offers legal wedding services, complete with doughnuts and coffee for the reception, the Los Angeles Times noted that Voodoo is an international tourist attraction. Another location is just over a mile away at 1501 NE Davis Street which opened in June 2008, and one in Eugene, Oregon, the flagship shop closed in April 2011 for an extensive remodeling, which utilized part of Berbatis Pan, the now-closed nightclub next door. It expanded from 750 square feet to 2,300 sq ft, in December 2013, the company opened its first location outside of Oregon on Colfax Avenue in Denver on Friday the 13th. In March 2017, the company opened its first location in California at Universal CityWalk, in addition to the examples below, vegan doughnuts are also featured along with a rotating and frequently changing menu of specialty doughnuts and unusual variations on traditional varieties. The company offers over 100 varieties, in total, unconventional ingredients include Capn Crunch, grape flavored Tang, M&Ms, Oreo cookies, and marshmallows. Two of their doughnuts, the NyQuil Glazed doughnut and the Vanilla Pepto Crushed Tums doughnut, are no longer due to order of local health officials. According to one of the co-owners, the NyQuil one was kind of a lark, so it was a win-win either way. The resolution also expressed Portlanders deepest gratitude to Voodoo Doughnut management for its dedication in the face of these stringent economic times in providing employment opportunities. And above all, creating and naming a doughnut after our city that leaves a lasting taste. Later, mayor Tom Potter and mayoral candidate Sam Adams attended a regular midnight doughnut-eating contest, to celebrate their fifth anniversary, Voodoo Doughnut opened a second location at 1501 NE Davis Street in the Kerns neighborhood. The store began a soft opening on May 30,2008 with limited hours, the official opening occurred in June 2008 and was rung in with a parade that led from the original location to the new one. In their first foray outside of Portland, Voodoo Doughnut opened a location in Eugene, Oregon, at the corner of Broadway. The store began a soft opening May 7,2010 with limited hours, the official opening occurred on June 5,2010. This location also contains the chains traditionally whimsical decor, in addition to a piano in the seating area, for the 2010 edition of Best Of Eugene Weekly, Voodoo Tres won Best New Addition To Eugene and Best Downtown Business. A 4th location was built in Denver, Colorado, and a 5th location in Austin and it was a destination in the season finale of the 13th season of The Amazing Race. In 2010, television documentary The Simpsons 20th Anniversary Special – In 3-D, on Ice. featured a segment in which filmmaker Morgan Spurlock paid a visit to the Voodoo Doughnut Too location
34.
Hillsboro Hops
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The Hillsboro Hops are a minor league baseball team in the northwest United States, located in Hillsboro, Oregon, a suburb northwest of Portland. The team was founded in 2013 after the Yakima Bears moved to Hillsboro after the 2012 season, the team is in the short-season Class A Northwest League, is a farm team of the Arizona Diamondbacks. Home games are played at Ron Tonkin Field, a new stadium opened in 2013, as early as 2011, the Yakima Bears started exploring options to relocate after a lack of progress on a new stadium that would meet minor league standards, and a declining local economy. After a proposal to move to Vancouver, Washington, fell through, the city and team reached a deal, with city council approval on June 5, and approval by the league and the franchise on June 8,2012. The city signed the agreement with the team on June 26, ground breaking for a new 4, 500-seat stadium took place on September 21,2012, and the new name of the Hops was announced on October 16,2012. The Hillsboro Hops replaced the Triple-A Portland Beavers of the Pacific Coast League, the Portland area went without minor league baseball in 2011 and 2012. The Hops opened the 2013 season at Salem on June 14 followed by the opener on June 17. The teams inaugural game was a loss at Salem. Barley, the mascot, was introduced on June 28,2013. The Hops set a record for attendance for the 2014 season with 138,732, and won their division. The team was managed to the title by J. R. House, whose coaching staff included former major leaguers Doug Drabek, Hillsboro swept the championship series with the three-time NWL defending champion Vancouver Canadians. The team set another attendance record in 2015 with 143,412 while winning a second consecutive league title. The Hops first game was on June 14,2013, on the road at the Salem-Keizer Volcanoes, ryan Gebhardt had the teams first hit and Brian Billigen earned the first RBI. The teams first sellout came in the 2013 home opener with 4,710 fans, the Hops won their first division title and league championship during the 2014 season. The team name is a reference to the plant used in brewing, as well as to various baseball terms such as the short hop, bad hop. No previous professional or collegiate team has ever been called the Hops. The teams logo includes a hop cone wearing a hat, evergreen trees. Team colors are green, navy blue, and light blue, the Hops mascot is Barley, who is green with a blue baseball cap
35.
Vancouver Canadians
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The Vancouver Canadians are a minor league baseball team based in Vancouver, British Columbia. The Canadians are the Northwest League affiliate of the Toronto Blue Jays, the Cs have previously affiliated with the Oakland Athletics between 2000–2010. The NWL Canadians supplanted a Triple-A franchise of the name that played for 22 seasons in the Pacific Coast League. The current incarnation of the Canadians was established in 2000 after the AAA Canadians moved to West Sacramento, California, the team formed after Medford, Oregons Southern Oregon Timberjacks relocated to Vancouver. The Mounties played in the PCL from 1956 through 1962, a Triple-A franchise named the Vancouver Canadians played for 22 seasons in the Pacific Coast League at Nat Bailey Stadium. The Canadians announced January 10,2007 that Rick Magnante would return as Manager for 2007, as well as pitching coach Craig Lefferts, former Vancouver Canadian slugger Chris Pritchett was named the teams latest hitting coach in May 2007. In 2007, local Vancouver businessmen, Jake Kerr and Jeff Mooney purchased the Vancouver Canadians, extensive work began that offseason in a full-scale stadium renovation which improved washrooms, concessions, concourses, and Childrens Play Area. The Canadians announced that former Washington Nationals executive Andy Dunn would become the President and General Manager of the Canadians, in the spring of 2010, the Vancouver Canadians and Scotiabank announced a long-term partnership that would see Nat Bailey Stadium renamed to Scotiabank Field at Nat Bailey Stadium. In the fall of 2010, the Canadians became the Short Season A affiliate of the Toronto Blue Jays and this helped see the teams attendance rise to 162,162 for the season, a team record. In September 2011, the Vancouver Canadians won their first Northwest League Championship title, the following year, the Vancouver Canadians became back-to-back champions for the first time in franchise history, defeating the Boise Hawks 12-9 to win the final series 2-1. On January 25,2013, the Blue Jays announced that the development contract with the Canadians had been extended to include the 2016 season. In August 2013, outfielder Kevin Pillar became the first alumnus of the team to play in the leagues for Toronto. The 2013 season also saw the Vancouver Canadians draw over 195,000 fans to Scotiabank Field, on November 4,2013, the Vancouver Canadians were named the 2013 recipient of the John H. Johnson President’s Trophy. The prestigious award is given to minor-league baseball’s top organization and it was the first time that a Canadian-based franchise won minor league baseballs most prized award. The Blue Jays extended their player-development contract with the Canadians through the 2018 season in early 2016, in 2016, the Canadians had a total attendance of 222,363, averaging 6,177 per game. 2004, Lost to Boise 3-0 in finals,2005, Lost to Spokane 3-2 in finals. 2010, Lost to Everett 2-0 in semifinals,2011, Defeated Eugene 2-1 in semifinals, defeated Tri-City 2-1 to win championship. 2012, Defeated Everett 2-0 in semifinals, defeated Boise 2-1 to win championship,2013, Defeated Everett 2-0 in semifinals, defeated Boise 2-1 to win championship
36.
Everett AquaSox
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The Everett AquaSox are a Minor League Baseball team in Everett, Washington, in the short-season Class A Northwest League. The team began play in 1984 as the Everett Giants, an affiliate of the San Francisco Giants, eleven years later, the Everett Giants and Bellingham Mariners switched cities for the 1995 season, and the Seattle Mariners affiliate was renamed the Everett AquaSox. One of the logos, used on road caps and jerseys, is based on the trident insignia used by the Mariners in the early 1980s. Previously, the mascot for the Everett Giants was a giant hot dog named Frank, in 2010, Everett won its first Northwest League championship as the AquaSox, although they had also won the league championship in 1985 as the Giants. The AquaSox play home games at Everett Memorial Stadium, opened 33 years ago in 1984, the manager in 2014 was Dave Valle, a former catcher with the Seattle Mariners. A plaque on the marks the site just outside the left field wall at Everett Memorial Stadium. 1985, Defeated Eugene 1-0 to win championship,1987, Lost to Spokane 2-1 in finals. 2002, Lost to Boise 3-0 in finals,2010, Defeated Vancouver 2-1 in semifinals, defeated Spokane 2-1 to win championship. 2012, Lost to Vancouver 2-0 in semifinals,2013, Lost to Vancouver 2-0 in semifinals. 2015, Lost to Tri-City 2-0 in semifinals,2016, Lost to Eugene 2-1 in finals
37.
Yakima Bears
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The Yakima Bears were a minor league baseball team in the northwest United States, located in Yakima, Washington. The Bears were previously affiliated with the Los Angeles Dodgers from the creation in 1990 when the Salem Dodgers were moved to Yakima. The Bears played their games at Yakima County Stadium, which opened in 1993. The history of baseball in Yakima stretches back 97 years ago to 1920 with the short-lived Yakima Indians in the Class B Pacific Coast International League, the Indians lasted only two seasons, closing in 1921 as the league became the Western International League in 1922. Yakima entered the WIL in 1937 as the Yakima Pippins, reflecting the local areas apple-growing heritage, in 1946, as the WIL resumed play, Yakima again fielded a team, this time named the Yakima Stars, with their own team airplane. The team played at Parker Field, constructed in 1937 for the Pippins, the Bears time in the early years of the NWL were fruitful, as they won six league titles in nine years. A fire in March 1962 destroyed the grandstand at Parker Field. In April 1964, the team was renamed the Yakima Braves, due to an agreement with the Milwaukee Braves, the team played as the Braves for three seasons, through 1966. The 1966 season was the first for the NWL as a short season league, after 23 summers without minor league baseball, Yakima returned to the Northwest League in 1990. The Salem Dodgers moved from Salem after the 1989 season, bringing them their affiliation with the Los Angeles Dodgers. After three seasons at Parker Field, the new county stadium opened in 1993, in 2001, the Bears changed their affiliation to the Arizona Diamondbacks. The Yakima Bears had been frustrated by the lack of progress on a new stadium that would meet minor league standards, the Triple-A Portland Beavers of the Pacific Coast League had departed for Tucson after the 2010 season, so the Portland metropolitan area was without minor league baseball. In 2011, the city of Vancouver, Washington, presented a proposal on May 13 for a new ballpark to be built on the Clark College campus, ready to host the Yakima Bears franchise for the 2012 season. After that deal fell through, the received an offer sheet from Hillsboro. Four months later on October 16, the announced its upcoming move to Hillsboro and was renamed the Hillsboro Hops for the 2013 season. com
38.
Portland Mavericks
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The Portland Mavericks were an independent professional baseball team in the northwestern United States, based in Portland, Oregon. They began play in the short-season Class A Northwest League in 1973, after the Portland Beavers of the Pacific Coast League left after the 1972 season and became the Spokane Indians. The Mavericks operated as an independent club in Portland for five seasons, until the return of the PCL in 1978, the Mavericks were owned by ex-minor league player and television actor Bing Russell, and were initially the leagues only independent club. As owner, Russell kept all corporate sponsorship outside the gates, Russells motto in life was one three-lettered word, fun. Ex-major leaguers and never-weres who could not stop playing the game flocked to the teams June try-outs, most of the Mavericks players were older than their opponents and had been released by other organizations, not all for baseball reasons alone. For this reason, Russell kept a 30-man roster because he believed some players deserved to have one last season, Bing Russells son, actor Kurt Russell, played for the club for a month in its inaugural season in 1973. Open tryouts for the team in early June 1973 drew 150 hopefuls, the players were paid $300 per month. Following the first season, in November 1973, Bing Russell became the owner of the team. The Mavericks finished 50–34 in 1974 under new manager Frank Peters, finishing in place in the newly formatted West Division. Owner Bing Russell made baseball history in November of that year when he promoted 24-year-old Lanny Moss to become the first female manager in professional baseball. In 1975, again under manager Frank Peters, the Mavericks played to a 42–35 record, aging knuckleballer Jim Bouton pitched five games, going 4–1 with a 2.20 ERA. The Mavericks met the defending champion Eugene Emeralds in a league championship series. The Emeralds swept, taking game one in Portland, 5–1, with Bouton taking the complete loss for the Mavericks. Under new manager Jack Spring, the Mavericks finished in first place in the North Division with a 40–32 record, the Mavericks played the Walla Walla Padres of the South Division in the championship series in early September. The first game in Walla Walla at Borleske Stadium went to the Padres, the second game in Portland the next afternoon was a 14–2 win for the Mavericks, which forced another game that night to decide the series, which Walla Walla won 7–6. In their final and finest season, the Mavericks played to a 44–22 record under player/manager Steven Collette and they had the best record in the league, and won the southern division by 22 games, their third division title in as many seasons. The Mavericks attracted 125,300 fans to 33 regular season home dates, Portland met the Bellingham Mariners, winners of the northern division at 42–26, in the championship series in late August. A noted member of the Baby Ms was teenage outfielder Dave Henderson, the first game was in Bellingham and the home team won 6–2 before a paltry crowd of 575 at Civic Field, as Bouton again took the loss for the Mavericks
39.
Trea Turner
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Trea Vance Turner is an American professional baseball shortstop for the Washington Nationals of Major League Baseball. He played college baseball at North Carolina State University, the San Diego Padres selected Turner in the first round of the 2014 MLB Draft, and traded him to the Nationals in 2015. Turner made his MLB debut with the Nationals on August 21,2015, developed by the Padres and Nationals primarily as a shortstop, Turner has made most of his appearances at the MLB level in center field and at second base. He is considered one of the fastest runners in Major League Baseball, Trea Turner was born in Lake Worth, Florida on June 30,1993 to parents Mark and Donna. He has a sister, Teal. Turner attended Park Vista Community High School in Lake Worth, Florida, Turner was lightly recruited by college programs, only receiving scholarship offers from North Carolina State University and Florida Atlantic University. The Pittsburgh Pirates selected Turner in the 20th round, with the 602nd overall selection, Turner opted to attend NC State, to play college baseball for the NC State Wolfpack baseball team in the Atlantic Coast Conference the National Collegiate Athletic Associations Division I. As a freshman in 2012, Turner shifted from the position to play as a third baseman. That year, he had a.336 batting average, a.432 on-base percentage and his 57 steals were more than the team totals of 158 Division I teams, and set an NC State record. He also tied the ACC record for steals in one game with five, Turner was named to the All-Tournament Team in the 2012 ACC Tournament. In 2013, Turner had a.378 batting average with seven runs,41 runs batted in. He was named a finalist for the Brooks Wallace Award, given to the best shortstop in NCAAs Division I and that summer, Turner played for the United States national collegiate baseball team. As a junior in 2014, he hit.321 with eight runs and 26 stolen bases. After the season, he was named the winner of the Brooks Wallace Award, aaron Fitt of Baseball America considered Turner a likely first round choice in the 2014 Major League Baseball Draft. The San Diego Padres selected Turner in the first round, with the 13th overall selection and he signed on June 13, receiving a $2.9 million signing bonus. He made his debut three days later with the Eugene Emeralds of the Class A-Short Season Northwest League. After he batted.228 in 26 games for Eugene, the Padres promoted him to the Fort Wayne TinCaps of the Class A Midwest League, the Padres assigned him to play for the Surprise Saguaros of the Arizona Fall League after the regular season. This unusual arrangement was a result of Turner being ineligible to be traded before mid-June because of MLB rules that prevent players to be traded within a year of their being drafted
40.
Jim Bunning
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James Paul David Jim Bunning is an American former Major League Baseball pitcher and politician. During his baseball career, he pitched from 1955 to 1971, most notably with the Detroit Tigers and the Philadelphia Phillies. In 1959, the right-hander struck out the side, throwing the minimum nine pitches as a reliever in the top of the ninth inning of Detroits 5–4 loss to Boston at Briggs Stadium, sammy White, Jim Mahoney and Ike Delock were the victims of his immaculate inning. When Bunning retired, he had the second-highest total of career strikeouts in Major League history, as a member of the Phillies, Bunning pitched the seventh perfect game in Major League Baseball history on Fathers Day Sunday, June 21,1964, against the New York Mets. He was inducted into the National Baseball Hall of Fame and Museum in 1996, after retiring from baseball, Bunning returned to his native northern Kentucky and was elected to the city council, then the state senate, in which he served as minority leader. In 1986, Bunning was elected to the U. S. House of Representatives from Kentuckys 4th congressional district and he was elected to the United States Senate from Kentucky in 1998 and served two terms as the Republican junior U. S. Senator. In July 2009, he announced that he would not run for re-election in 2010, Bunning gave his farewell speech to the Senate on December 9,2010, and was succeeded by current Senator Rand Paul on January 3,2011. Bunning was born in Southgate, Kentucky, the son of Gladys and he graduated from St. Xavier High School in Cincinnati in 1949 and received a bachelors degree in economics from Xavier University. In 1952, Bunning married Mary Catherine Theis and they had five daughters and four sons. One of Bunnings sons, David L. Bunning, is a judge for the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Kentucky. Another son, Bill, is the brew master at Ye Olde Brothers Brewery in Navarre. Jim and Mary Catherine also have thirty-five grandchildren and fourteen great-grandchildren, one of those grandchildren is Patrick Towles, starting quarterback for the University of Kentucky football team. Towles uses the same number 14 that his grandfather did, Bunning pitched for the Detroit Tigers. He then went to the Philadelphia Phillies, the Pittsburgh Pirates, Bunning then returned to the Phillies in 1970 and retired in 1971. He wore uniform number 15 on the 1955 Tigers, and then switched to 14 in 1956 for the rest of his time with Detroit and he stayed with number 14 on his jersey with the Phillies and Pirates. When he was traded to the Dodgers in 1969 he wore number 17, the Phillies retired his number 14 jersey in 2001 after his election to the Hall of Fame in 1996. Manager Gene Mauch used Bunning and fellow hurler Chris Short heavily down the stretch, the collapse of the 1964 Phillies remains one of the most infamous in baseball history. With a six and a half lead as late as September 21
41.
Mike Schmidt
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Michael Jack Schmidt is an American former professional baseball third baseman who played 18 seasons in Major League Baseball for the Philadelphia Phillies. As a fielder, Schmidt won the National League Gold Glove Award for third basemen ten times, Schmidt was elected to the Baseball Hall of Fame in 1995 and is often considered the greatest third baseman in baseball history. Having an unusual batting stance, Schmidt turned his back somewhat towards the pitcher, by standing far back in the batters box, he made it almost impossible to jam him by pitching inside. Schmidt was one of the best athletes of his era, teammate Pete Rose once said, To have his body, Id trade him mine and my wifes, and Id throw in some cash. Upon graduation from Fairview High School in Dayton, Ohio in 1967, Schmidt attended Ohio University in Athens and he led the Ohio Bobcats baseball team to the College World Series in 1970, and was selected as the shortstop for the 1970 College Baseball All-America Team. Schmidt was drafted by the Phillies in the round of the 1971 Major League Baseball draft. On June 11,1971, Schmidt was signed by Phillies scout Tony Lucadello, six days later, Schmidt made his professional debut in an exhibition game between the Phillies and their Double-A affiliate the Reading Phillies in Reading, Pennsylvania. Schmidt played the game at shortstop for the big-league Phillies. Schmidt stayed in Reading, spending the rest of the 1971 season at the Double-A level, in 1972, he was promoted to the Triple-A Eugene Emeralds of the Pacific Coast League. Along with shortstop and third base, Schmidt also played second base during his time in the minor leagues, Schmidt spent two seasons in the Phillies farm system, where he batted.263 with 34 home runs and 122 runs batted in. After playing most of the 1972 season for Triple-A Eugene, he was called up to the Phillies in September, Four days later, in Philadelphia on September 16, Schmidt ended Montreal Expos pitcher Balor Moores streak of 25 scoreless innings pitched with his first career home run. Following the 1972 season, the Phillies dealt third baseman Don Money to the Milwaukee Brewers to open a spot for Schmidt in their infield. While he batted only.196 with 136 strikeouts during his first full season in 1973, the next year,1974, Schmidts batting average climbed to.282 and he received the first of his twelve All-Star nods. On June 10, in the Astrodome in Houston, Texas, the ball hit a public address speaker suspended 117 feet above and 329 feet away from home plate, falling into centerfield. By the ground rules, it remained in play and Schmidt was held to just a single, with the runners on first and it is believed that had the ball not hit the speaker, it would have traveled beyond 500 feet. His 404 assists in 1974 remains a record for third basemen and he also filled in at shortstop and first base. Schmidts batting average hovered below.200 through May 1975, solid months of July and August saw his average rise to.249 by the end of the season as he led the league in home runs for the second year in a row with 38. The Phillies captured the NL East crown three years in a row, however, they were swept by Cincinnatis Big Red Machine in 1976, and lost to the Los Angeles Dodgers in 1977 and 1978
