European Train Control System
The European Train Control System (ETCS) is a train protection system designed to replace the many incompatible systems used by European railways, and railways outside of Europe. ETCS is the signalling and control component of the European Rail Traffic Management System (ERTMS).
ETCS—"Eurobalise" transceiver, installed between rails, provides information to ETCS trains.
Croco + TBL + ETCS balises at the same signal in Belgium
Radio Block Centre (RBC)
A driver's cab with an ETCS Driver-Machine Interface amongst other instruments and displays
A train protection system is a railway technical installation to ensure safe operation in the event of human error.
Berlin S-Bahn train stop in its engaged (left) and disengaged (right) position
Trackside magnets for very simple data communication. Outside and middle of track: Integra-Signum, other two (yellow) magnets: ZUB