Exile or banishment, is primarily penal expulsion from one's native country, and secondarily expatriation or prolonged absence from one's homeland under either the compulsion of circumstance or the rigors of some high purpose. Usually persons and peoples suffer exile, but sometimes social entities like institutions are forced from their homeland.
Napoleon's Exile on Saint Helena by Franz Josef Sandman (1820)
The First Night in Exile – This painting comes from a celebrated series illustrating one of Hinduism's great epics, the Ramayana. It tells the story of prince Rama, who is wrongly exiled from his father's kingdom, accompanied only by his wife and brother.
Dante in Exile by Domenico Petarlini
Jason and Medea, by John William Waterhouse, 1907
An expatriate is a person who temporarily resides outside their country of citizenship.
Expatriate French voters queue in Lausanne, Switzerland, for the first round of the presidential election of 2007.
Long among the complexities of living in foreign countries has been the management of finances, including the payment of taxes; here, a 32-page IRS publication from 1965 for Americans living abroad.