Extractivism
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Extractivism is the removal of natural resources particularly for export with minimal processing. This economic model is common throughout the Global South and the Arctic region, but also happens in s
Example of extractivism: open-pit mining in Russia.
Example of European extractivism: a quarry in the Apuan Alps, Italy. No Cav is an anti-extractivism movement fighting against this activity.
Slaves clearing the Atlantic Forest in Brazil, c. 1820–1825, by Moritz Rugendas.
Example of mass extraction of trees for lumber, resulting in deforestation.
The exploitation of natural resources describes using natural resources, often non-renewable or limited, for economic growth or development. Environmental degradation, human insecurity, and social con
Revenue from mineral exports makes up a large portion of the Democratic Republic of Congo's economy. While Congo is rich in mineral resources, these deposits require extensive manual labor to extract, often under life-threatening conditions. Mining of cobalt is leading to human rights being abused in ways such as unsafe worksites, child labor, and forced Congolese labor, in addition to environmental degradation.
A deforestation in Nigeria team patrolling the deforestation site. Nigeria has experienced an increase in deforestation in part due to expansion of agriculture, lumbering, and urban growth. These land-use changes are driven by population increase and poverty.
Dakota Access Pipeline protest
Human Resources Macon, Georgia, 1909