Esbjerg
Esbjerg is a seaport town and seat of Esbjerg Municipality on the west coast of the Jutland peninsula in southwest Denmark. By road, it is 71 kilometres west of Kolding and 164 kilometres southwest of Aarhus, with an urban population of 71,618, it is the fifth-largest city in Denmark, and the largest in west Jutland. Before a decision was made to establish a harbour at Esbjerg in 1868, Esbjerg developed quickly with the population rising to 13,000 by 1901 and 70,000 by 1970. In addition to its fishing and shipping activities, it became an important centre for agricultural exports. Over the years, many of the visitors have arrived by ferry from Harwich, England. The harbour facilities are being expanded to answer the needs of the wind-turbine industry, Esbjerg is served by Esbjerg Airport with flights to Aberdeen and Stavanger, Norway. The town has several museums and entertainment venues, including Esbjerg Art Museum, Esbjerg Museum. The Esbjerg Performing Arts Centre was completed in 1997 to designs by Jan, when approached by sea, the Man Meets the Sea is one of the prominent monuments, consisting of four 9-metre-tall white-coloured men, overlooking Sædding Beach.
The sculpture was designed by Svend Wiig Hansen and installed in 1995 and it hosts branches of the University of Southern Denmark and Aalborg University, Esbjerg is increasingly recognized for its university facilities and sporting activities. Esbjergs oldest existing house, on the corner of Kongensgade, was built around 1660, at the time, Esbjerg consisted of only a few farms. Developed under royal decree from 1868 until 1874, the harbour was opened in 1874, with rail connections to Varde and to Fredericia. Initial planning of the town was conducted by chartered surveyor H. Wilkens in 1870 with streets laid out in the form of a rectangular grid, the market square was positioned at the centre, midway between the harbour and the railway station. From only 400 inhabitants at the beginning of the 1870s, the town and its population rapidly, with 1529 residents mentioned in 1880. In 1893, Esbjerg became a municipality in its own right, receiving the status and privileges of a town in 1899. A number of institutions and facilities were established, including the courthouse and town hall, the gas and waterworks.
From the beginning of the 20th century, Esbjerg prospered not only as a fishing port, established in 1895 by nine local dairies, the butter-packaging factory, Dansk Andels Smørpakkeri, employed some 150 workers until 1920, packing and dispatching butter for the London market. It was extended to include egg marketing under the name Dansk Andels Ægeksport, ultimately, it handled produce from 140 dairies spread across the whole of Jutland. After the Second World War, the town developed several agricultural industries, the slaughterhouse and meat packaging facility, Esbjerg Andels-Slagteri, established in 1887, became Denmarks sixth largest by 1962
Esbjerg Municipality
Esbjerg Municipality is a municipality in Region of Southern Denmark on the west coast of the Jutland peninsula in southwest Denmark. Its mayor is Johnny Søtrup, from the Venstre political party, by 1 January 2007, the old Esbjerg municipality was, as the result of Kommunalreformen, merged with the former Bramming and Ribe municipalities to form the new Esbjerg municipality. This municipality has an area of 741 km² and a population of 114,244. The main town and the site of its council is the city of Esbjerg. Neighboring municipalities with land connection are Tønder to the south, Haderslev to the southeast, Vejen to the east, the neighboring municipality to the west is Fanø, an island municipality located in Fanø Bay. Beyond the island of Fanø and Fanø Bay is the North Sea
Politics of Denmark
Denmark is described as a nation state. Danish politics and governance are characterized by a striving for broad consensus on important issues. Executive power is exercised by the cabinet of Denmark, presided over by the Prime Minister who is first among equals, legislative power is vested in both the executive and the national parliament. Members of the judiciary are nominated by the executive, formally appointed by the monarch, Denmark has a multi-party system, with two strong parties, and four or five other significant parties. No single party has held a majority in the Folketing since the beginning of the 20th century. Since only four coalition governments have enjoyed a majority, government bills rarely become law without negotiations. Hence the Folketing tends to be powerful than legislatures in other EU countries. The Constitution does not grant the power of judicial review of legislation. Since there are no constitutional or administrative courts, the Supreme Court deals with a constitutional dimension, on many issues the political parties tend to opt for co-operation, and the Danish state welfare model receives broad parliamentary support.
This ensures a focus on efficiency and devolved responsibilities of local government on regional and municipal levels. Margrethe II has ruled as Queen Regnant and head of state since 14 January 1972, in accordance with the Danish Constitution the Danish monarch, as head of state, is the theoretical source of all executive and legislative power. However, since the introduction of parliamentary sovereignty in 1901, a de facto separation of powers has been in effect, the text of the Danish constitution dates back to 1849. Therefore, it has been interpreted by jurists to suit modern conditions, in a formal sense, the monarch retains the ability to deny giving a bill royal assent. In order for a bill to law, a royal signature. The monarch chooses and dismisses the Prime Minister, although in modern times a dismissal would cause a constitutional crisis, on 28 March 1920, King Christian X was the last monarch to exercise the power of dismissal, sparking the 1920 Easter Crisis. When a new government is to be formed, the monarch calls the party leaders to a conference of deliberation, on the basis of the advice the monarch appoints the party leader who commands a majority of recommendation to lead negotiations for forming a new government.
However, the monarch does continue to exercise three rights, the right to be consulted, the right to advise, and the right to warn, pursuant to these ideals, the Prime Minister and the Cabinet attend the regular meeting of the Council of State. Nine parties are represented in parliament, the four oldest and in history most influential parties are the Conservative Peoples Party, the Social Democrats and the Danish Social Liberal Party
Ertholmene
Ertholmene, generally called Christiansø, by Statistics Denmark, is a small archipelago situated approximately 18 km northeast of Bornholm in the Baltic Sea. Its permanent population is 78 and its area is 39 hectares, statistically it is part of Landsdel Bornholm. Ertholmene belongs to Denmark and has the countrys easternmost point, Ertholmene consists of three main islands, Christiansø, Frederiksø and Græsholm, plus a number of minor rocks and skerries. The best known of the latter are Tat and Østerskær, Denmarks easternmost point, Christiansø makes up 22.3 hectares, Frederiksø4, and Græsholm 11 hectares. Only Christiansø and Frederiksø are inhabited, while Græsholm is a bird reserve, the sound between Christiansø and Frederiksø, a well-sheltered natural harbour, is crossed by a pedestrian bridge that is pulled aside to accommodate larger vessels. Fishermen from Bornholm have used Ertholmene for temporary shelter since the Middle Ages, the first permanent inhabitation was the result of the Danish-Swedish conflicts in the late 17th century.
As Denmark needed a base in the central Baltic Sea. Christiansø Church originally served the garrison, the population peaked at the census in 1810 which showed 829 inhabitants. They were soldiers and were there because of the Gunboat War, many of the historical buildings now serve as living quarters for the local population, and some are rented, year after year, to regular summer residents. The islands external appearance has changed little in over 300 years. Girdled by thick walls with old cannons pointed seaward, Christiansø is a picturesque tourist spot seemingly frozen in time. A former part of the fort, Store Tårn has housed the Christiansø Lighthouse for the past 200 years, the islands are an unincorporated area that does not belong to either a municipality or a region. The major sources of income are fishery and tourism, there are 80,000 tourists per year, mostly day visitors arriving via Bornholm. Ertholmene is a destination for yachts. This tax replaced the county tax, which the islanders were exempt from paying, from 1 January 2019 this tax will be abolished, while income taxes in the lowest bracket will be raised instead.
In 2012 this tax was lowered to 7%,2013 6%,2014 5%,2015 4%,2016 3%,2017 2%,2018 1%, media related to Ertholmene at Wikimedia Commons Official website
Bornholm
Bornholm is a Danish island in the Baltic Sea, to the east of the rest of Denmark, south of Sweden, northeast of Germany and north of the westernmost part of Poland. The main industries on the island include fishing, dairy farming, tourism is important during the summer. There is a large number of Denmarks round churches on the island. The total area according to www. noegletal. dk was 588.36 square kilometres, the island is called solskinsøen because of its weather and klippeøen because of its geology, which consists of granite, except along the southern coast. The heat from the summer is stored in the rock formations, as a result of the climate, a local variety of the common fig, known as Bornholms Diamond, can grow locally on the island. The islands topography consists of rock formations in the north sloping down towards pine and deciduous forests, farmland in the middle. Strategically located in the Baltic Sea, Bornholm has been fought over for centuries and it has usually been ruled by Denmark, but by Lübeck and Sweden.
The ruin of Hammershus, at the tip of the island, is the largest medieval fortress in northern Europe. Bornholm Regional Municipality, established January 2003 by the merger of Bornholm County with 5 municipalities, Bornholm was one of the three last Danish municipalities not belonging to a county — the others were Copenhagen and Frederiksberg. On 1 January 2007, the municipality lost its county status. The island is situated between 54/59/11 and 55/17/30 northern latitude and 14/45 and 15/11 eastern longitude and it typically takes 3 hours for passengers and freight to travel between Rønne and Copenhagen via Ystad in Sweden. There is a ferry departure mostly reserved for freight of goods between Rønne and Køge, if there is capacity on a departure, normal passengers can come aboard. There are routes to Sassnitz and Świnoujście. Between Bornholm Airport and Copenhagen Airport by airplane it is 25 minutes, the Ertholmene archipelago is located 18 kilometres to the northeast of Bornholm. These islands, which do not belong to a municipality or region, are administered by the Danish Ministry of Defence, many inhabitants speak the Bornholmsk dialect, which is officially a dialect of Danish.
Bornholmsk retains three grammatical genders, like Icelandic and most dialects of Norwegian, but unlike standard Danish and its phonology includes archaisms and innovations. This makes the difficult to understand for some Danish speakers. However, Swedish speakers often consider Bornholmian to be easier to understand than standard Danish, the intonation resembles the Scanian dialect spoken in nearby Scania, the southernmost province of Sweden
Funen
Funen, with an area of 3,099.7 square kilometres, is the third-largest island of Denmark, after Zealand and Vendsyssel-Thy. It is the 165th-largest island in the world and it is in the central part of the country and has a population of 466,284. The main city is Odense which is connected to the sea by a seldom-used canal, the citys shipyard, Odense Steel Shipyard, has been relocated outside Odense proper. Funen belongs administratively to the Region of Southern Denmark, from 1970 to 2006 the island formed the biggest part of Funen County, which included the islands of Langeland, Ærø, Tåsinge, and a number of smaller islands. Funen is linked to Zealand, Denmarks largest island, by the Great Belt Bridge which carries both trains and cars, two bridges connect Funen to the Danish mainland, Jutland. The Old Little Belt Bridge was constructed in the 1930s shortly before World War II for both cars and trains, the New Little Belt Bridge, a suspension bridge, was constructed in the 1970s and is used for cars only.
Apart from the city, all major towns are located in coastal areas. Beginning in the north-east of the island and moving clockwise, they are Kerteminde, Svendborg, Fåborg, Middelfart, the highest natural point on Funen is Frøbjerg Bavnehøj. Broholm Egeskov Castle Fynske Livregiment Horne Church Hvedholm Castle Korshavn, Denmark Skrøbelev Gods The Funen Village Funen brachteate in the collections of the National Museum of Denmark, official tourist information site for Funen
North Sea
The North Sea is a marginal sea of the Atlantic Ocean located between Great Britain, Germany, the Netherlands and France. An epeiric sea on the European continental shelf, it connects to the ocean through the English Channel in the south and it is more than 970 kilometres long and 580 kilometres wide, with an area of around 570,000 square kilometres. The North Sea has long been the site of important European shipping lanes as well as a major fishery, the North Sea was the centre of the Vikings rise. Subsequently, the Hanseatic League, the Netherlands, and the British each sought to dominate the North Sea and thus the access to the markets, as Germanys only outlet to the ocean, the North Sea continued to be strategically important through both World Wars. The coast of the North Sea presents a diversity of geological and geographical features, in the north, deep fjords and sheer cliffs mark the Norwegian and Scottish coastlines, whereas in the south it consists primarily of sandy beaches and wide mudflats.
Due to the population, heavy industrialization, and intense use of the sea and area surrounding it. In the southwest, beyond the Straits of Dover, the North Sea becomes the English Channel connecting to the Atlantic Ocean, in the east, it connects to the Baltic Sea via the Skagerrak and Kattegat, narrow straits that separate Denmark from Norway and Sweden respectively. In the north it is bordered by the Shetland Islands, and connects with the Norwegian Sea, the North Sea is more than 970 kilometres long and 580 kilometres wide, with an area of 570,000 square kilometres and a volume of 54,000 cubic kilometres. Around the edges of the North Sea are sizeable islands and archipelagos, including Shetland, the North Sea receives freshwater from a number of European continental watersheds, as well as the British Isles. A large part of the European drainage basin empties into the North Sea including water from the Baltic Sea, the largest and most important rivers flowing into the North Sea are the Elbe and the Rhine – Meuse watershed.
Around 185 million people live in the catchment area of the rivers discharging into the North Sea encompassing some highly industrialized areas, for the most part, the sea lies on the European continental shelf with a mean depth of 90 metres. The only exception is the Norwegian trench, which extends parallel to the Norwegian shoreline from Oslo to a north of Bergen. It is between 20 and 30 kilometres wide and has a depth of 725 metres. The Dogger Bank, a vast moraine, or accumulation of unconsolidated glacial debris and this feature has produced the finest fishing location of the North Sea. The Long Forties and the Broad Fourteens are large areas with uniform depth in fathoms. These great banks and others make the North Sea particularly hazardous to navigate, the Devils Hole lies 200 miles east of Dundee, Scotland. The feature is a series of trenches between 20 and 30 kilometres long,1 and 2 kilometres wide and up to 230 metres deep. Other areas which are less deep are Cleaver Bank, Fisher Bank, the International Hydrographic Organization defines the limits of the North Sea as follows, On the Southwest
Danish Wadden Sea Islands
The Danish Wadden Sea Islands are a group of islands on the western coast of Jutland, Denmark. They have belonged to the region of Southern Denmark since January 1,2007, previously they belonged to the counties of South Jutland and Ribe. The Danish islands differ from the German North Frisian Islands because no Frisians live on the Danish islands, Fanø is located just off Esbjerg to which it is connected by a ferry. The main towns on Fanø are Nordby and Sønderho, other towns include Fanø Vesterhavsbad and Rindby. The island is 16 kilometres long and 5 kilometres wide, and has an area of 56 square kilometres, as of 2005, about 3,169 people live there. A variety of environments is to be found on Fanø, not surprisingly, a very common one is sand. The islands whole western shore is made up of beaches, and the sea off the islands northwest end is home to the Søren-Jessens-Sand. Fanø has heath and a pine wood. Mandø is a smaller island farther south, a bit farther from the mainland and it is Denmarks only Hallig, being much like the islands bearing that description among the German islands.
A dike on Mandø keeps the sea at bay, much of the islanders history involve efforts to reclaim parts of their island from the sea. Rømø is currently the southernmost of Denmarks Wadden Sea Islands, rømø is linked to the Danish mainland by a road running across a causeway, and the island lies only about 3 kilometres from its German neighbour Sylt, to which it is connected by ferry. It is home to a number of communities such as Kongsmark, Østerby, Lakolk. There is an island among Denmarks share of the archipelago called Langli. It is the northernmost island in the whole group and it was once part of a peninsula whose landward stretch was washed away in a storm tide centuries ago. Since then, another spit has formed to the west and now shields Langli from some of the more destructive tendencies. Langli is nowadays home to a science station, housed in a villa built in the 20th century. Langli has an area of about 8 square kilometres and can be reached from the mainland over an ebbevej that is 3 kilometres long and Koresand are two sandbanks in the Danish Wadden Sea.
List of islands of Denmark Media related to Danish Wadden Sea Islands at Wikimedia Commons
Region of Southern Denmark
At the same time, smaller municipalities were merged into larger units, cutting the number of municipalities from 271 before 1 January 2006 to 98. The regional capital is Vejle but Odense is the regions largest city and home to the campus of the University of Southern Denmark with branch campuses in Esbjerg, Kolding. Region of Southern Denmark is the westernmost of the Danish administrative regions and it consists of the former counties of Funen and South Jutland, adding ten municipalities from the former Vejle County. The territories formerly belonging to Vejle County consist of the new municipalities of Fredericia, Vejle, a total of 78 municipalities were combined to a total of 22 new entities. The GDP per inhabitants of this region raised 32.600 € in 2009, University of Southern Denmark Media related to Region Syddanmark at Wikimedia Commons Region of Southern Denmarks homepage
