Kejimkujik National Park
Kejimkujik National Park is a National Park of Canada, covering 404 km2 in the southwest of Nova Scotia peninsula. It consists of two separate land areas: an inland part, coincident with the Kejimkujik National Historic Site of Canada, the Kejimujik National Park Seaside on the Atlantic coast; the Historic site is a cultural landscape 404 square kilometres forested upland plain between the South Shore and the Annapolis Valley. In it is found petroglyph sites, habitation sites and hunting sites, travel routes and burial grounds, which attest to Mi’kmaq occupancy of this area for thousands of years; the seaside part is a wilderness protection area featuring coastal bogs, intertidal areas, abundant flora and fauna. The Royal Astronomical Society of Canada has designated the park a dark-sky preserve; the park is named after the largest lake in the park. Canoe routes in the park have been used for thousands of years by natives to travel from the Bay of Fundy to the Atlantic shore. There are four Mi'kmaw petroglyph sites in the park.
They are found in slate beds on the eastern side of Kejimikujik Lake. There are no slates beds on the western side, they are protected. Only one site can be visited by the public via a guided tour in the summer; the petroglyphs show aspects of Mi'kmaw life after European contact, are dated to the 1700s and 1800s. Many are sometimes ambiguous. Motifs associated with traditional culture include canoes, traditional constume, decorative designs. There are images of prey animals, but none of plants. European motifs include ships, women in dresses, Christian symbols, five-pointed stars; the Tent Dwellers is a book by Albert Paine which chronicles his travels through inland Nova Scotia on a trout fishing trip. Published in 1908, it takes place in what is now Kejimkujik National Park and the Kejimkujik Seaside Tobeatic Game Reserve; the main Jeremy's Bay campground has 355 campsites, many suitable for large RVs, generates about $1 million per year in fees. A group campground for up to 80 people is at Jim Charles Point, named after the eponymous local First Nations Guide who lived there in the mid 1800s.
There are backcountry primitive campsites accessible by canoe, bicycle or hiking. There are 15 hiking trails for skiing, or snowshoeing. Backcountry campsites can be accessed on foot. Winter camping is possible. Most of the park's forest is second growth, although it does contain significant areas of intact original habitat; the park's shallow lakes and marshes are a habitat to a greater variet of amphibians and reptiles than anywhere else in Atlantic Canada. The park is situated in the Southwest Nova Biosphere Reserve in a region characterized as Acadian forest. Among the 34 species of mammal found in the park, the more common are: shrews, the star-nosed mole, Snowshoe Hare, beaver, voles, red fox, white-tailed deer. Common birds of the park include the Hermit Thrush, White-breasted Nuthatch, American Woodcock, Northern Parula, Yellow-bellied Sapsucker, Piping Plover, Ruffed Grouse, Common Loon, Barred Owl, the black duck. At the Kejimkujik seaside, harbor seals can be seen; the Little Port Joli Basin and Basin Lake are being used for European green crab research.
The removal of the green crabs are essential in research into the dwindling fish stocks on the East Coast. Invasive species include the small-mouth bass; the park is habitat to many endangered or threatened species, including the Blanding's turtle, ribbon snake, piping plover, Canada Warbler, Common Nighthawk, Chimney Swift, Monarch butterfly, Harlequin Duck.loons in the park have the highest levels of methyl mercury in their blood of any loons in North America, the result of bioaccumulation. This is reducing their reproduction rates. Yellow perch, 10-15cm long, is their main source of food, these have been found to have more than twice the mercury level than loons from neighbouring New Brunswick. After years of research, the ultimate source of the mercury remains unknown. Mercury is present in many fish across Nova Scotia, there are province-wide advisories on all species, except rainbow trout; the federal government Kejimkujik Ecological Research and Monitoring Centre has run dozens of projects in the park.
The park is located in a flat plain. Its highest point, Mount Tom, is at 180m. Precambrian to Ordovician quartzite and slate form the bedrock, along with Devonian granite; these rocks provide few nutrients to the soils. Podzols are found in well-drained areas, which poorly-drained areas are dominated by Gleysols and peat bog. Fifteen per cent of the park is covered by lakes. Evidence of the Last Glacial Period include drumlins and eskers. Major rivers include the Mersey, the Shelburne, major lakes include Kejimikujik, Luxton. Kejimujik National Park Seaside includes coastal wetland areas; the park has a humid continental climate with four distinct seasons. Being located inland, in the western part of Nova Scotia, the park has warmer temperatures and higher precipitation than eastern sections of Nova Scotia. Winters are cold with a January average of −6.1 °C. During this time of the year, the maximum temperature stays below freezing although frequent mild spells push maximum temperatures above freezing and above 10 °C when the wind is from the southwest.
On average, there are 8 days where the temperature falls below −20 °C. Winters are characterized by stretches of unsettled weather, resulti
Ontario
Ontario is one of the 13 provinces and territories of Canada and is located in east-central Canada. It is Canada's most populous province accounting for 38.3 percent of the country's population, is the second-largest province in total area. Ontario is fourth-largest jurisdiction in total area when the territories of the Northwest Territories and Nunavut are included, it is home to the nation's capital city and the nation's most populous city, Ontario's provincial capital. Ontario is bordered by the province of Manitoba to the west, Hudson Bay and James Bay to the north, Quebec to the east and northeast, to the south by the U. S. states of Minnesota, Ohio and New York. All of Ontario's 2,700 km border with the United States follows inland waterways: from the west at Lake of the Woods, eastward along the major rivers and lakes of the Great Lakes/Saint Lawrence River drainage system; these are the Rainy River, the Pigeon River, Lake Superior, the St. Marys River, Lake Huron, the St. Clair River, Lake St. Clair, the Detroit River, Lake Erie, the Niagara River, Lake Ontario and along the St. Lawrence River from Kingston, Ontario, to the Quebec boundary just east of Cornwall, Ontario.
There is only about 1 km of land border made up of portages including Height of Land Portage on the Minnesota border. Ontario is sometimes conceptually divided into Northern Ontario and Southern Ontario; the great majority of Ontario's population and arable land is in the south. In contrast, the larger, northern part of Ontario is sparsely populated with cold winters and heavy forestation; the province is named after Lake Ontario, a term thought to be derived from Ontarí:io, a Huron word meaning "great lake", or skanadario, which means "beautiful water" in the Iroquoian languages. Ontario has about 250,000 freshwater lakes; the province consists of three main geographical regions: The thinly populated Canadian Shield in the northwestern and central portions, which comprises over half the land area of Ontario. Although this area does not support agriculture, it is rich in minerals and in part covered by the Central and Midwestern Canadian Shield forests, studded with lakes and rivers. Northern Ontario is subdivided into two sub-regions: Northeastern Ontario.
The unpopulated Hudson Bay Lowlands in the extreme north and northeast swampy and sparsely forested. Southern Ontario, further sub-divided into four regions. Despite the absence of any mountainous terrain in the province, there are large areas of uplands within the Canadian Shield which traverses the province from northwest to southeast and above the Niagara Escarpment which crosses the south; the highest point is Ishpatina Ridge at 693 metres above sea level in Temagami, Northeastern Ontario. In the south, elevations of over 500 m are surpassed near Collingwood, above the Blue Mountains in the Dundalk Highlands and in hilltops near the Madawaska River in Renfrew County; the Carolinian forest zone covers most of the southwestern region of the province. The temperate and fertile Great Lakes-Saint Lawrence Valley in the south is part of the Eastern Great Lakes lowland forests ecoregion where the forest has now been replaced by agriculture and urban development. A well-known geographic feature is part of the Niagara Escarpment.
The Saint Lawrence Seaway allows navigation to and from the Atlantic Ocean as far inland as Thunder Bay in Northwestern Ontario. Northern Ontario occupies 87 percent of the surface area of the province. Point Pelee is a peninsula of Lake Erie in southwestern Ontario, the southernmost extent of Canada's mainland. Pelee Island and Middle Island in Lake Erie extend farther. All are south of 42°N – farther south than the northern border of California; the climate of Ontario varies by location. It is affected by three air sources: cold, arctic air from the north; the effects of these major air masses on temperature and precipitation depend on latitude, proximity to major bodies of water and to a small extent, terrain relief. In general, most of Ontario's climate is classified as humid continental. Ontario has three main climatic regions; the surrounding Great Lakes influence the climatic region of southern Ontario. During the fall and winter months, heat stored from the lakes is released, moderating the climate near the shores of the lakes.
This gives some parts of southern Ontario milder winters than mid-continental areas at lower latitudes. Parts of Southwestern Ontario have a moderate humid continental climate, similar to that of the inland Mid-Atlantic states and the Great Lakes portion of the Midwestern United States; the region has warm to cold winters. Annual precipitation is well distributed throughout the year. Most of this region lies in the lee of the Great Lakes. In December 2010, the snowbelt set a new record when it was h
Glass-bottom boat
A glass-bottom boat is a boat with one or more sections of glass, or other suitable transparent material, below the waterline allowing passengers to observe the underwater environment from within the boat. When a boat is a glass bottom, the view through is better than looking into the water from above, because one does not have to look through optically erratic surface disturbances; the effect is similar to that achieved by a diving mask, while the passengers are able to stay dry, out of the water. Glass bottom boats are used exclusively for giving tours, as they are designed to allow the maximum number of tourists to view out the glass bottom and are not suitable for other uses. Glass bottom boats are in use in nearly every seaside tourist destination; however many of them are being replaced by semi submarines, which offer a better view of the marine life. Glass bottom boats were first used near Santa Catalina Island off the coast of Southern California, they became popular in Florida at several areas of natural springs that became tourist attractions, for example, Silver Springs, Wakulla Springs, Rainbow Springs, Weeki Wachee Springs.
The oldest glass bottom boat from Silver Springs is still operating on the Homosassa River in Florida. The most modern glass bottom boats have ultra-durable bottom window shaped as an optically regular spheroid which size is 2x3 m; these boats have a hydrofoil. This is a contemporary product of Russian boatbuilding company - Paritetboat. Typical tours in these boats include views of underwater flora and fauna, reefs and other underwater sights. AquaDom Hydrofoil
Bruce Peninsula National Park
Bruce Peninsula National Park is a national park on the Bruce Peninsula in Ontario, Canada. Located on a part of the Niagara Escarpment, the park comprises 156 square kilometres and is one of the largest protected areas in southern Ontario, forming the core of UNESCO's Niagara Escarpment World Biosphere Reserve; the park offers opportunities for many outdoor activities, including hiking and bird watching. The park has trails ranging in difficulty from easy to expert, connects to the Bruce Trail; the park offers visitors vistas to view either the sunrise or sunset, the rocks of the Niagara Escarpment, the wildlife, which includes black bear, many species of birds, wild orchids, massasauga rattlesnake, much more. The park was the subject of a short film in 2011's National Parks Project, directed by Daniel Cockburn and scored by John K. Samson, Christine Fellows and Sandro Perri; the Niagara Escarpment runs from near Rochester, New York, to Tobermory on to Manitoulin, St. Joseph Island and other islands located in northern Lake Huron where it turns westwards into the Upper Peninsula of northern Michigan, south of Sault Ste.
Marie. The escarpment extends southwards into Wisconsin following the Door Peninsula and more inland from the western coast of Lake Michigan and Milwaukee ending northwest of Chicago near the Wisconsin-Illinois border, it forms the backbone of the Bruce Peninsula and shapes the northern boundary of most of the park and provides the park with some of its most spectacular scenery. The rock of the escarpment is old. 400 million years ago, this area was covered by a shallow tropical sea teeming with life in the form of plant-like animals, living corals and mollusks. It would have looked much like the present-day Great Barrier Reef of Australia; when the sea began to dry up, the minerals dissolved in it became more concentrated. Magnesium in the water was absorbed into the limestone, which became a harder different sort of rock, called dolostone; the harder dolostone forms much of the rock of the escarpment cliffs along Bruce Peninsula National Park's Georgian Bay shoreline. At Niagara Falls, the dolostone "caprock" is more resistant to erosion than the rock below it, creating the sculptured cliffs for which the area is famous.
Since the last Ice Age, water levels in the region have undergone great changes. Softer limestone has been eroded away by water action, leaving magnificent overhanging cliffs at various points along the shore; these are the big attraction of the Cyprus Lake trails. Where erosion has cut more caves have been formed, such as the famed "Grotto" on the shore between the Marr Lake and Georgian Bay Trails. Great blocks of dolomite, undercut by wave action, have tumbled from the cliffs above and can be seen below the surface of the deep, clean waters of Georgian Bay; the park has a maritime climate with mild winters. In the northern parts of the Peninsula, the climate is among the most temperate in Canada; the climate of park is influenced by both Georgian Bay and Lake Huron, which moderate temperatures. As a result, they tend to prolong milder temperatures in cooler temperatures in spring. Summers are warm, with an average temperature of 16.8 °C while winters are cool, averaging −6.7 °C. Summers are dominated by humid air masses from the Pacific Ocean and the Gulf of Mexico.
In winter, Pacific air masses predominate, bringing in warm and humid air although cold, dry air from the Arctic highs can occur, bringing in colder and drier conditions. Warm air masses coming from the Gulf of Mexico are rare during winter but are responsible for bringing January and February thaws. Spring and fall are characterized by complex weather patterns with contrasting and changing influences from the different regional air masses; the park receives 900 mm of precipitation per year. This is evenly distributed throughout the year with fall being the wettest. Precipitation is lower than inland areas due to the limited influence that the narrow peninsula has when air masses travel over it compared to more interior locations. Animals that inhabit this national park are chipmunks, red foxes, coyotes, black bears, snowshoe hares, white-tailed deer and frogs. In 2006, a new visitors' centre opened to serve Fathom Five National Marine Park and the Bruce Peninsula National Park. Designed by Andrew Frontini of Shore Tilbe Irwin + Partners, the CAD $7.82 million centre, approached by a boardwalk, features an information centre, reception area, exhibit hall and theatre.
A 20-metre viewing tower was constructed to provide visitors with aerial views of the surrounding park and Georgian Bay. The centre was designed with environmental sustainability in mind, receiving $224,000 from the Federal House in Order initiative for implementation of innovative greenhouse gas reduction technology. National Parks of Canada List of National Parks of Canada Official Site Photo gallery and travel information
International Union for Conservation of Nature
The International Union for Conservation of Nature is an international organization working in the field of nature conservation and sustainable use of natural resources. It is involved in data gathering and analysis, field projects and education. IUCN's mission is to "influence and assist societies throughout the world to conserve nature and to ensure that any use of natural resources is equitable and ecologically sustainable". Over the past decades, IUCN has widened its focus beyond conservation ecology and now incorporates issues related to sustainable development in its projects. Unlike many other international environmental organisations, IUCN does not itself aim to mobilize the public in support of nature conservation, it tries to influence the actions of governments and other stakeholders by providing information and advice, through building partnerships. The organization is best known to the wider public for compiling and publishing the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species, which assesses the conservation status of species worldwide.
IUCN has a membership of over 1400 non-governmental organizations. Some 16,000 scientists and experts participate in the work of IUCN commissions on a voluntary basis, it employs 1000 full-time staff in more than 50 countries. Its headquarters are in Switzerland. IUCN has observer and consultative status at the United Nations, plays a role in the implementation of several international conventions on nature conservation and biodiversity, it was involved in establishing the World Wide Fund for Nature and the World Conservation Monitoring Centre. In the past, IUCN has been criticized for placing the interests of nature over those of indigenous peoples. In recent years, its closer relations with the business sector have caused controversy. IUCN was established in 1948, it was called the International Union for the Protection of Nature and the World Conservation Union. Establishment IUCN was established on 5 October 1948, in Fontainebleau, when representatives of governments and conservation organizations signed a formal act constituting the International Union for the Protection of Nature.
The initiative to set up the new organisation came from UNESCO and from its first Director General, the British biologist Julian Huxley. The objectives of the new Union were to encourage international cooperation in the protection of nature, to promote national and international action and to compile and distribute information. At the time of its founding IUPN was the only international organisation focusing on the entire spectrum of nature conservation Early years: 1948–1956 IUPN started out with 65 members, its secretariat was located in Brussels. Its first work program focused on saving species and habitats and applying knowledge, advancing education, promoting international agreements and promoting conservation. Providing a solid scientific base for conservation action was the heart of all activities. IUPN and UNESCO were associated, they jointly organized the 1949 Conference on Protection of Nature. In preparation for this conference a list of gravely endangered species was drawn up for the first time, a precursor of the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species.
In the early years of its existence IUCN depended entirely on UNESCO funding and was forced to temporarily scale down activities when this ended unexpectedly in 1954. IUPN was successful in engaging prominent scientists and identifying important issues such as the harmful effects of pesticides on wildlife but not many of the ideas it developed were turned into action; this was caused by unwillingness to act on the part of governments, uncertainty about the IUPN mandate and lack of resources. In 1956, IUPN changed its name to International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources. Increased profile and recognition: 1956–1965 In the 1950s and 1960s Europe entered a period of economic growth and formal colonies became independent. Both developments had impact on the work of IUCN. Through the voluntary involvement of experts in its Commissions IUCN was able to get a lot of work done while still operating on a low budget, it established links with the Council of Europe. In 1961, at the request of United Nations Economic and Social Council, the United Nations Economic and Social Council, IUCN published the first global list of national parks and protected areas which it has updated since.
IUCN's best known publication, the Red Data Book on the conservation status of species, was first published in 1964. IUCN began to play a part in the development of international treaties and conventions, starting with the African Convention on the Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources. Environmental law and policy making became a new area of expertise. Africa was the focus of many of the early IUCN conservation field projects. IUCN supported the ‘Yellowstone model’ of protected area management, which restricted human presence and activity in order to protect nature. IUCN and other conservation organisations were criticized for protecting nature against people rather than with people; this model was also applied in Africa and played a role in the decision to remove the Maasai people from Serengeti National Park and the Ngorongoro Conservation Area. To establish a stable financial basis for its work, IUCN participated in setting up the World Wildlife Fund
Grasslands National Park
Grasslands National Park is a Canadian national park located near the village of Val Marie and one of 44 national parks and park reserves in Canada's national park system. This national park is north from the American state of Montana and lies adjacent to the international boundary; the park was established in 1981. Prior to this the province's only national park was Prince Albert National Park. Grasslands National Park represents the Prairie Grasslands natural region, protecting one of the nation's few remaining areas of undisturbed dry mixed-grass/shortgrass prairie grassland; the park is located in the World Wildlife Fund-defined Northern short grasslands ecoregion, which spans much of southern Saskatchewan, southern Alberta, the northern Great Plains states in the USA. The unique landscape and harsh, semi-arid climate provide niches for several adapted plants and animals; the park and surrounding area house the country's only black-tailed prairie dog colonies. Rare and endangered fauna found in the park include bison, greater sage-grouses, burrowing owls, grizzly bears, ferruginous hawks, swift foxes, wolverines, prairie rattlesnakes, black-footed ferrets and greater short-horned lizards.
Flora includes blue grama grass, plains cottonwood and silver sagebrush. Erosion by glacial meltwater formed many of the park's characteristic features. Highlights of the park's geological landscape include the Frenchman River Valley, the Seventy Mile Butte, the badlands of Rock Creek. In 1874, Sir George Mercer Dawson discovered western Canada's first dinosaur remains in the Killdeer Badlands during the International Boundary Survey. In 1877, Sitting Bull took refuge in the area with around 5000 Sioux after the defeat of General Custer at the Battle of Little Bighorn; the West Block of the park is located one hour south of Swift Current, the main visitor reception centre is located in the town of Val Marie. Highlights of the West Block include the Frenchman River Valley, a herd of over 300 Plains bison as well as prairie dog colonies. A new campground called the Frenchman Valley Campground offers visitors serviced camping sites, teepee camping and a cook shelter. Backcountry camping is available.
The West Block is located in Division No. 4, Saskatchewan. The East Block of the park is about an hour's drive south of Assiniboia near Wood Mountain Regional Park; the interpretive centre is in the McGowan House at the new Rock Creek Campground. The East Block is more of a wilderness area but has views of the badlands of Rock Creek, the Cretaceous–Paleogene boundary and prairie skies; the East Block is located in Division No. 3, Saskatchewan. In 2006, Plains bison from Elk Island National Park in Alberta were reintroduced to Grasslands. By 2015 the herd had grown from the original 71 animals to over 300; the herd is maintained on a 181 km2 section in the park's West Block. On October 2, 2009, in a ceremony at Belza House, the park was declared a dark-sky preserve, a small population of black-footed ferrets was reintroduced into the prairie dog towns after a 70-year absence. Improved night-lighting practices under the dark-sky agreement ensure that the park remains dark at night, preserving a natural environment for all nocturnal wildlife.
The park annually receives about 12,000 visitors. Its official name in French is Parc national des Prairies. National Parks of Canada List of National Parks of Canada List of Saskatchewan parks The Prairie Learning Centre "Northern Short Grasslands". Terrestrial Ecoregions. World Wildlife Fund. Grasslands National Park - Encyclopedia of Saskatchewan
Shore Tilbe Perkins+Will
Shore Tilbe Perkins+Will is an architecture firm based in Toronto, Ontario. Since its founding as Shore and Moffat in 1945, as Shore Tilbe Irwin + Partners, STI&P completed numerous buildings and master plans across Canada, as well as in locations in the United States and Bermuda. From early educational and residential projects, the firm rose to prominence in the early 1950s, winning Governor General's Medals in Architecture and commissions from the government of Ontario for departmental buildings, went on to design prominent landmarks such as Purdy's Wharf in Halifax, Nova Scotia, the redesign of Nathan Phillips Square in Toronto. STI+P's scope today encompasses community centres, pharmaceutical laboratories, office and university teaching buildings, though the firm has completed religious spaces, corporate interiors, public plazas. Founded as Shore and Moffat by Leonard Shore and Bob Moffat in 1945, the first project completed was the Meaford Public School in Meaford, Ontario. After the completion of some small-scale residential and commercial projects, the two partners received their first large commission from the Ontario Food Terminal Board in Toronto, in 1947.
By the early 1950s the firm had expanded to take on 10 employees, including Alfred Tilbe. Schools and other educational buildings supplied most of the work, the firm completed Brock High School, Goderich Collegiate, Stayner Collegiate, Collingwood Collegiate. Shore and Moffat designed the York Township Municipal Offices in 1952, which won them the Massey Medal, they submitted a proposal for the Toronto City Hall international competition, unsuccessful. The part of the decade brought three significant projects: the William Lyon Mackenzie Building, to be the second-largest building in Toronto at the time; the building won Shore and Moffat another Massey Medal, launched the firm into the research field, bringing them projects for Petro Canada, Royal Dutch Shell, Teck Cominco. By 1959 the office had expanded to 40 staff, was now providing engineering services as well. In terms of design credentials, the Union Carbide Building was a significant project for the office, built near the intersection of Yonge Street and Eglinton Avenue, it was one of the first corporate headquarters built north of the downtown core.
Said of it: "While one may not agree on its historicity, one can't dismiss the fact that the Union Carbide building is unique, both structurally and aesthetically. It was engineered in such a way that its weight is supported by its outside columns; the builders chose to give the building an interesting mix of materials. Significant was that Union Carbide was one of north Toronto's first major corporate headquarters." It was demolished in July 1999, an act lamented by the Toronto Star architecture critic, Christopher Hume. In 1960 Bob Moffat died, the firm of 150 was renamed Shore and Moffat and Partners. Projects included the master plans for the University of Waterloo and the York University campuses, as well as the National Research Science Library and the Alexander Campbell Building in Ottawa. Schools remained a staple source of income, into the 1970s demand for their construction was declining, thus Shore and Moffat turned its focus elsewhere; the partners at the time, Len Shore, Art Henschel and Alf Tilbe, hired Stephen Irwin, appointed him partner, changed the firm name to Shore Tilbe Henschel Irwin Architects and Engineers.
Irwin's designs at this time included 52 Division Police Station in Toronto, the Xerox Research Centre, the Kortright Centre. Within a few years the firm changed the company name to Shore Tilbe Henschel Irwin and Peters when Dennis Peters was brought aboard as a partner. With the award winning design of the North York YMCA by Terry Fitsialos in 1979, Shore Tilbe Henschel Irwin and Peters long relationship with the YMCA begun. Fitsialos, an associate at the time, became a partner in 1986. Other buildings designed by the firm during this time were H. J. A. Brown Education Centre, Peel Regional Police Headquarters, the post-modern Metropolitan Toronto Police Headquarters. Leonard Shore died in 1989, as he had no immediate family, the Shore Foundation was created in his memory to assist the University of Toronto, the L. E. Shore Memorial Library in Thornbury, Ontario. In early 1990 partners Arthur Herschel and Dennis Peters retired and Brian Aitken and David Mitchell were made partners; the firm's name changed once again to Shore Tilbe Irwin & Partners.
The scope of work expanded again to include extended care, academic facilities, pharmaceutical laboratories and recreational architecture. During this time the L. E Shore Library was completed, as well as the Mississauga Public Library. In 1999 Alfred Tilbe died. Though STIP continued to win awards, the firm was seen as coasting on its reputation, failing to provide forward looking design and planning, faced the danger of becoming a drawing production office; the new millennium brought about dramatic changes within the STIP's structure and direction, spearheaded by D'Arcy Arthurs. In 2000 the firm saw the expansion of Shore Tilbe Irwin & Partner's in-house interior design department and in 2002 the addition of Andrew Frontini to the firm's team. Frontini became partner in 2005. Under Frontini's direction the Whitby Public Library and Civic Square was completed and featured in, on, the cover of Canadian Architect magazine; this project was hailed as marking Shore Tilbe's turning point
