Ferdinand I, Duke of Parma
Ferdinand I was Duke of Parma, Piacenza and Guastalla from his father's death on 18 July 1765 until he ceded the duchy to France by the Treaty of Aranjuez on 20 March 1801. He was a member of the Spanish House of Bourbon.
Portrait by Johan Zoffany, 1779
A portrait of Ferdinand (c. 1765-1769). The portrait is formally attributed to Giuseppe Baldrighi, however, it was painted by Pietro Melchiorre Ferrari
The Duke of Parma and Piacenza was the ruler of the Duchy of Parma and Piacenza, a historical state of Northern Italy. It was created by Pope Paul III for his son Pier Luigi Farnese. It existed between 1545 and 1802, and again from 1814 to 1859.
Image: Pier Luigi Farnese di Tiziano
Image: Ottavio Farnese 1521 1586
Image: Ranuccio First Farnese
Image: Edward farnesio