Fernando de Noronha, officially the State District of Fernando de Noronha and formerly known as the Territory of Fernando de Noronha until 1988, is an archipelago in the Atlantic Ocean, part of the State of Pernambuco, Brazil, and located 354 km off the Brazilian coast. It consists of 21 islands and islets, extending over an area of 26 km2 (10 sq mi). Only the eponymous main island is inhabited; it has an area of 18.4 km2 (7.1 sq mi) and a population estimated at 3,101 in 2020. While most of the archipelago is relatively low-lying, there are parts reaching more than 100 m (328 ft) in elevation.
Do Meio and Conceição beaches
The main island
Morro Dois Irmãos
Satellite picture of Fernando de Noronha
The Atlantic Ocean is the second-largest of the world's five oceans, with an area of about 85,133,000 km2 (32,870,000 sq mi). It covers approximately 17% of Earth's surface and about 24% of its water surface area. During the Age of Discovery, it was known for separating the New World of the Americas from the Old World of Afro-Eurasia.
As the Gulf Stream meanders across the North Atlantic from the North American east coast to Western Europe its temperature drops by 20 °C (36 °F).
Path of the thermohaline circulation. Purple paths represent deep-water currents, while blue paths represent surface currents.
Sargassum fish (Histrio histrio)
Iceberg A22A in the South Atlantic Ocean
