Fick's laws of diffusion
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Fick's laws of diffusion describe diffusion and were first posited by Adolf Fick in 1855 on the basis of largely experimental results. They can be used to solve for the diffusion coefficient, D. Fick's first law can be used to derive his second law which in turn is identical to the diffusion equation.
A brief history of the theories on diffusive adsorption.
Brownian motion
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Brownian motion is the random motion of particles suspended in a medium.
The equilibrium distribution for particles of gamboge shows the tendency for granules to move to regions of lower concentration when affected by gravity.
Brownian motion on a sphere