The first general elections in the history of the Ottoman Empire were held in 1877.
Meeting of the First Ottoman Parliament, Constantinople, March 1877.
The Constitution of the Ottoman Empire was in effect from 1876 to 1878 in a period known as the First Constitutional Era, and from 1908 to 1922 in the Second Constitutional Era. The first and only con
Cover of the Ottoman constitution of 1876
Meeting of the first Ottoman Parliament in 1877
Abdul Hamid II
An English translation of the Constitution, derived from the French version, published in The American Journal of International Law