Fiscus was the treasury of the Roman Empire. It was initially the personal wealth of the emperors, funded by taxation on the imperial provinces, assumption of estates and other privileges. By the third century it was understood as a state fund rather than a personal one, albeit under the emperor's control. It is the origin of the English term "fiscal."

A treasury is eitherA government department related to finance and taxation, a finance ministry; in a business context, corporate treasury. A place or location where treasure, such as currency or precious items are kept. These can be state or royal property, church treasure or in private ownership.