1.
Onion skinning
–
Onion skinning is a 2D computer graphics term for a technique used in creating animated cartoons and editing movies to see several frames at once. This way, the animator or editor can make decisions on how to create or change an image based on the image in the sequence. In traditional cartoon animation, the frames of a movie were initially drawn on thin onionskin paper over a light source. The animators would put the previous and next drawings exactly beneath the working drawing, in computer software, this effect is achieved by making frames translucent and projecting them on top of each other. This effect can also be used to create motion blurs, as seen in The Matrix when characters dodge bullets, anime Studio CinePaint Adobe Flash TVPaint 3ds max HUE Animation Studio Onion Skinning in I Can Animate Shape Shifter at Aniboom. To see onion skinning, press o then create a shape, add a frame, move your shape, and repeat
Onion skinning
–
Onion skin of frame 7 of
this image showing previous 6 frames
2.
Animation
–
Animation is the process of making the illusion of motion and the illusion of change by means of the rapid display of a sequence of images that minimally differ from each other. The illusion—as in motion pictures in general—is thought to rely on the phi phenomenon, animators are artists who specialize in the creation of animation. Animation can be recorded with either analogue media, a book, motion picture film, video tape, digital media, including formats with animated GIF, Flash animation. To display animation, a camera, computer, or projector are used along with new technologies that are produced. Animation creation methods include the traditional animation creation method and those involving stop motion animation of two and three-dimensional objects, paper cutouts, puppets and clay figures, Images are displayed in a rapid succession, usually 24,25,30, or 60 frames per second. Computer animation processes generating animated images with the general term computer-generated imagery, 3D animation uses computer graphics, while 2D animation is used for stylistic, low bandwidth and faster real-time renderings. An earthen goblet discovered at the site of the 5, 200-year-old Shahr-e Sūkhté in southeastern Iran, the artifact bears five sequential images depicting a Persian Desert Ibex jumping up to eat the leaves of a tree. They may, of course, refer to Chinese shadow puppets, in the 19th century, the phenakistoscope, zoetrope and praxinoscope were introduced. A thaumatrope is a toy with a small disk with different pictures on each side. The phenakistoscope was invented simultaneously by Belgian Joseph Plateau and Austrian Simon von Stampfer in 1831, the phenakistoscope consists of a disk with a series of images, drawn on radi evenly space around the center of the disk. John Barnes Linnett patented the first flip book in 1868 as the kineograph, the first animated projection was created in France, by Charles-Émile Reynaud, who was a French science teacher. Reynaud created the Praxinoscope in 1877 and the Théâtre Optique in December 1888, on 28 October 1892, he projected the first animation in public, Pauvre Pierrot, at the Musée Grévin in Paris. This film is notable as the first known instance of film perforations being used. His films were not photographed, they were drawn directly onto the transparent strip, in 1900, more than 500,000 people had attended these screenings. Stuart Blackton, who, because of that, is considered the father of American animation, in Europe, the French artist, Émile Cohl, created the first animated film using what came to be known as traditional animation creation methods - the 1908 Fantasmagorie. The film largely consisted of a figure moving about and encountering all manner of morphing objects. There were also sections of live action in which the hands would enter the scene. The film was created by drawing each frame on paper and then shooting each frame onto negative film, the author of the first puppet-animated film was the Russian-born director Wladyslaw Starewicz, known as Ladislas Starevich
Animation
–
A
phenakistoscope disc by
Eadweard Muybridge (1893)
Animation
–
The bouncing ball animation (below) consists of these six frames.
Animation
–
A clay animation scene from a
Finnish television commercial
Animation
–
Toy Story zoetrope at
Disney California Adventure creates illusion of motion using figures, rather than static pictures.
3.
Film
–
A film, also called a movie, motion picture, theatrical film or photoplay, is a series of still images which, when shown on a screen, creates the illusion of moving images due to the phi phenomenon. This optical illusion causes the audience to perceive continuous motion between separate objects viewed rapidly in succession, the process of filmmaking is both an art and an industry. The word cinema, short for cinematography, is used to refer to the industry of films. Films were originally recorded onto plastic film through a photochemical process, the adoption of CGI-based special effects led to the use of digital intermediates. Most contemporary films are now fully digital through the process of production, distribution. Films recorded in a form traditionally included an analogous optical soundtrack. It runs along a portion of the film exclusively reserved for it and is not projected, Films are cultural artifacts created by specific cultures. They reflect those cultures, and, in turn, affect them, Film is considered to be an important art form, a source of popular entertainment, and a powerful medium for educating—or indoctrinating—citizens. The visual basis of film gives it a power of communication. Some films have become popular worldwide attractions by using dubbing or subtitles to translate the dialog into the language of the viewer, some have criticized the film industrys glorification of violence and its potentially negative treatment of women. The individual images that make up a film are called frames, the perception of motion is due to a psychological effect called phi phenomenon. The name film originates from the fact that film has historically been the medium for recording and displaying motion pictures. Many other terms exist for a motion picture, including picture, picture show, moving picture, photoplay. The most common term in the United States is movie, while in Europe film is preferred. Terms for the field, in general, include the big screen, the screen, the movies, and cinema. In early years, the sheet was sometimes used instead of screen. Preceding film in origin by thousands of years, early plays and dances had elements common to film, scripts, sets, costumes, production, direction, actors, audiences, storyboards, much terminology later used in film theory and criticism apply, such as mise en scène. Owing to the lack of any technology for doing so, the moving images, the magic lantern, probably created by Christiaan Huygens in the 1650s, could be used to project animation, which was achieved by various types of mechanical slides
Film
–
A vintage Fox movietone motion picture camera
Film
–
The
Berlin Wintergarten theatre was the site of the first
cinema ever, with a short film presented by the
Skladanowsky brothers on 1 November 1895. The image depicts a July 1940
variety show.
Film
–
A shot from
Georges Méliès Le Voyage dans la Lune (A Trip to the Moon) (1902), an early narrative film.
Film
–
This
16 mm spring-wound
Bolex "H16" Reflex camera is a popular entry level camera used in
film schools.
4.
Adobe Flash
–
Adobe Flash is a multimedia software platform used for production of animations, rich Internet applications, desktop applications, mobile applications and mobile games. Flash displays text, vector graphics and raster graphics to provide animations, video games and it allows streaming of audio and video, and can capture mouse, keyboard, microphone and camera input. Artists may produce Flash graphics and animations using Adobe Animate, Software developers may produce applications and video games using Adobe Flash Builder, FlashDevelop, Flash Catalyst, or any text editor when used with the Apache Flex SDK. End-users can view Flash content via Flash Player, AIR or third-party players such as Scaleform, Adobe Flash Player enables end-users to view Flash content using web browsers. Adobe Flash Lite enabled viewing Flash content on older smartphones, but has discontinued and superseded by Adobe AIR. The ActionScript programming language allows the development of interactive animations, video games, web applications, desktop applications, programmers can implement Flash software using an IDE such as Adobe Animate, Adobe Flash Builder, Adobe Director, FlashDevelop and Powerflasher FDT. Adobe AIR enables full-featured desktop and mobile applications to be developed with Flash, and published for Windows, macOS, Android, iOS, Xbox One, PlayStation 4, Nintendo Switch, and Wii U. Content-providers frequently used to use Flash to display streaming video, advertising and interactive content on web pages. However, after the 2000s, the usage of Flash on Web sites declined, in the early 2000s, Flash was widely installed on desktop computers, and was commonly used to display interactive web pages, online games, and to playback video and audio content. In 2005, YouTube was founded by former PayPal employees, between 2000 and 2010, numerous businesses used Flash-based websites to launch new products, or to create interactive company portals. Notable users include Nike, Hewlett-Packard, Nokia, General Electric, World Wildlife Fund, HBO, Cartoon Network, after Adobe introduced hardware-accelerated 3D for Flash, Flash websites saw a growth of 3D content for product demonstrations and virtual tours. In 2007, YouTube offered videos in HTML5 format to support the iPhone and iPad, after a controversy with Apple, Adobe stopped developing Flash Player for Mobile, focussing its efforts on Adobe AIR applications and HTML5 animation. In 2015, Google introduced Google Swiffy to convert Flash animation to HTML5, in 2015, YouTube switched to HTML5 technology on all devices, however it will preserve the Flash-based video player for older web browsers. After Flash 5 introduced ActionScript in 2000, developers combined the visual and programming capabilities of Flash to produce interactive experiences, such Web-based applications eventually came to be known as Rich Internet Applications. In 2004, Macromedia Flex was released, and specifically targeted the application development market, Flex introduced new user interface components, advanced data visualization components, data remoting, and a modern IDE. Flex competed with Asynchronous JavaScript and XML and Microsoft Silverlight during its tenure, Flex was upgraded to support integration with remote data sources, using AMF, BlazeDS, Adobe LiveCycle, Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud, and others. As of 2015, Flex applications can be published for desktop platforms using Adobe AIR, between 2006 and 2016, the Speedtest. net web service conducted over 9.0 billion speed tests using an RIA built with Adobe Flash. In 2016, the service shifted to HTML5 due to the availability of Adobe Flash Player on PCs
Adobe Flash
–
Software
Adobe Flash
–
Some websites rely heavily on Flash and become unusable without Flash Player, or with Flash blocked
5.
SWF
–
SWF is an abbreviation for small web format, an Adobe Flash file format used for multimedia, vector graphics and ActionScript. They may also occur in programs, commonly browser games, using ActionScript, although Adobe Illustrator can generate SWF format files through its export function, it cannot open or edit them. Other than using Adobe products, one can build SWFs with open-source Motion-Twin ActionScript 2 Compiler, the open-source Ming library, various other third-party programs can also produce files in this format, such as Multimedia Fusion 2, Captivate and SWiSH Max. The term SWF has originated as an abbreviation for ShockWave Flash and this usage was changed to the backronym Small Web Format to eliminate confusion with a different technology, Shockwave, from which SWF derived. Anyway, there is no resolution to the acronym SWF by Adobe. The small company FutureWave Software originally defined the file format with one primary objective, the idea involved a format which player software could run on any system and which would work with slower network connections. FutureWave released FutureSplash Animator in May 1996, in December 1996 Macromedia acquired FutureWave and FutureSplash Animator became Macromedia Flash 1.0. As Flash became more popular than Shockwave itself, this decision became more of a liability. On May 1,2008, Adobe dropped its restrictions on the SWF format specifications. However, Rob Savoye, a member of the Gnash development team, has pointed to parts of the Flash format which remain closed. On July 1,2008, Adobe released code to Google and Yahoo, the main graphical primitive in SWF is the path, which is a chain of segments of primitive types, ranging from lines to splines or bezier curves. Additional primitives like rectangles, ellipses, and even text can be built from these, the graphical elements in SWF are thus fairly similar to SVG and MPEG-4 BIFS. SWF also uses display lists and allows naming and reusing previously defined components, the binary stream format SWF uses is fairly similar to QuickTime atoms, with a tag, length and payload—an organization that makes it very easy for players to skip contents they dont support. Originally limited to presenting vector-based objects and images in a sequential manner. Adobe introduced a new, low-level 3D API in version 11 of the Flash Player, initially codenamed Molehill, the official name given to this API was ultimately Stage3D. It was intended to be an equivalent of OpenGL or Direct3D, in Stage3D shaders are expressed in a low-level language called Adobe Graphics Assembly Language. GNU has started developing a free software SWF player called Gnash under the GNU General Public License, despite being a declared high-priority GNU project, funding for Gnash was fairly limited. Another player is the LGPL-licensed Swfdec, lightspark is a continuation of Gnash supporting more recent SWF versions
SWF
–
File formats
6.
Cutout animation
–
Cutout animation is a form of stop-motion animation using flat characters, props and backgrounds cut from materials such as paper, card, stiff fabric or even photographs. The worlds earliest known animated films were cutout animations, as is the worlds earliest surviving animated feature. Today, cutout-style animation is produced using computers, with scanned images or vector graphics taking the place of physically cut materials. South Park is an example of the transition since its pilot episode was made with paper cutouts before switching to computer software. More complex figures depicted in animation, such as in silhouette animation, often have joints made with a rivet or pin or, when they are made on a computer. These connections act as mechanical linkage, which have the effect of a specific, other notable examples include Angela Anaconda and, more recently, Charlie and Lola. One of the most famous animators still using traditional animation today is Yuriy Norshteyn. For more examples, see the list of stop-motion films, el Apóstol by Italian-Argentine cartoonist Quirino Cristiani, was also the worlds first animated feature film. The Adventures of Prince Achmed by Lotte Reiniger was a silhouette animation using armatured cutouts and backgrounds which were painted or composed of blown sand. 12, also known as Heaven and Earth Magic by Harry Everett Smith, completed in 1962, the Soviet films Lefty and Go There, Dont Know Where. René Lalouxs early films made use of armatured cutouts, while his first feature Fantastic Planet is an example of unarmatured cutout animation. The feature films of Karel Zeman combined cutout animation and landscapes with live actors, the opening sequence of LArmata Brancaleone, a film by Italian director Mario Monicelli, features cutout animation, made by the Italian Emanuele Luzzati. South Park, Bigger, Longer & Uncut uses computer animation to imitate cutout animation, strange Frame relies primarily on an innovative cutout style combined with both traditional and 3D elements. Live for the moment, from Verona Riots band is a recently produced music video made with cut out animation by Alberto Serrano. Cirkeline verdens mindste superhelt - Denmark Thieves of Baghdad by Noburo Ofuji was an example of cutout animation. The Miracle of Flight, a short animated clip from the famous Monty Pythons Flying Circus - by Terry Gilliam Le merle, is combination of the cut-outs. The Little Island, a combination of traditional animation and paper cut-out elements - by Richard Williams How Death Came to Earth - by Ishu Patel. Tabi and Shijin no Shôgai, two cutout animations - by Kihachirō Kawamoto, Angela Anaconda, an animation combining the black-and-white photographs and cutout-styled CGI animation
Cutout animation
7.
Vector graphics
–
Vector graphics is the use of polygons to represent images in computer graphics. Vector graphics are based on vectors, which lead through locations called control points or nodes, one of the first uses of vector graphic displays was the US SAGE air defense system. Vector graphics systems were retired from U. S. en route air traffic control in 1999. Vector graphics were used on the TX-2 at the MIT Lincoln Laboratory by computer graphics pioneer Ivan Sutherland to run his program Sketchpad in 1963. Subsequent vector graphics systems, most of which iterated through dynamically modifiable stored lists of drawing instructions, include the IBM2250, Imlac PDS-1, storage scope displays, such as the Tektronix 4014, could display vector images but not modify them without first erasing the display. In computer typography, modern outline fonts describe printable characters by cubic or quadratic mathematical curves with control points, nevertheless, bitmap fonts are still in use. Processing outline character data in sophisticated fashion to create satisfactory bitmaps for rendering is called hinting, although the term implies suggestion, the process is deterministic, and done by executable code, essentially a special-purpose computer language. While automatic hinting is possible, results can be inferior to that done by experts, although a typical plot might easily require a few thousand paper motions, back and forth, the paper doesnt slip. In a tiny roll-fed plotter made by Alps in Japan, teeth on thin sprockets indented the paper near its edges on the first pass, some Hewlett-Packard pen plotters had two-axis pen carriers and stationery paper. However, the moving-paper H-P plotters had grit wheels which, on the first pass, indented the paper surface, present-day vector graphic files such as engineering drawings are typically printed as bitmaps, after vector-to-raster conversion. The term vector graphics is used today in the context of two-dimensional computer graphics. It is one of several modes an artist can use to create an image on a raster display, Vector graphics can be uploaded to online databases for other designers to download and manipulate, speeding up the creative process. Other modes include text, multimedia, and 3D rendering, virtually all modern 3D rendering is done using extensions of 2D vector graphics techniques. Plotters used in technical drawing still draw vectors directly to paper, the World Wide Web Consortium standard for vector graphics is Scalable Vector Graphics. The standard is complex and has been slow to be established at least in part owing to commercial interests. Many web browsers now have support for rendering SVG data. In recent years, SVG has become a significant format that is independent of the resolution of the rendering device. SVG files are essentially printable text that describes both straight and curved paths, as well as other attributes, wikipedia prefers SVG for images such as simple maps, line illustrations, coats of arms, and flags, which generally are not like photographs or other continuous-tone images
Vector graphics
–
A free software
Asteroids -like video game played on a
vector monitor.
Vector graphics
–
Example showing effect of vector graphics versus raster graphics.
Vector graphics
–
Original reference photo before
vectorization
8.
Lip-sync
–
The term can refer to any of a number of different techniques and processes, in the context of live performances and audiovisual recordings. In film production, lip-synching is often part of the postproduction phase, dubbing foreign-language films and making animated characters appear to speak both require elaborate lip-synching. Many video games make use of lip-synced sound files to create an immersive environment in which on-screen characters appear to be speaking. In the music industry, lip-synching is used by singers for music videos, television and film appearances, lip-syncing by singers can be controversial to fans attending concert performances who expect to view a live performance. Lip sync is also referred to as lip-sync or lip-synch, the term sync or synch is pronounced the same as sink. Lip-synching is considered a part of miming and it can be used to make it appear as though actors have substantial singing ability, to simulate a vocal effect that can be achieved only in the recording studio, e. g. It is also used in drag shows. Some artists lip sync because they are not confident singing live, because the film track and music track are recorded separately during the creation of a music video, artists usually lip-sync their songs and often imitate playing musical instruments as well. Artists also sometimes move their lips at a faster speed than the track, to create videos with a slow-motion effect in the final clip. Lip-synching in music is moving the lips in synchronization with recorded speech or song to give the appearance of a live performance and it is generally considered dishonest, though some producers argue that it needs to be done in some performance contexts. The practice of lip-synching during live performances is frowned on by some who view it as a crutch only used by lesser talents, on American Bandstand and most variety shows of the 1960s, vocals and instrumentals were all synced to pre-recorded music. Since the advent of MTV in the 1980s, many artists have focused on effects, rather than singing. Artists often lip-sync during strenuous dance numbers in both live and recorded performances, some singers habitually lip-sync during live performance, both concert and televised, whereas others do lip syncing only for certain songs or types of performances. Artists often lip-synch during strenuous dance numbers in both live and recorded performances, due to lung capacity being needed for physical activity, michael Jackson is an example of this, he performed complex dance routines while lip-syncing and live singing. His performance on the television special Motown 25, Yesterday, Today and these effects came at the expense of live singing. Gundersen elaborates, The most obvious example is Madonnas Blond Ambition World Tour, Madonna lip-syncs the duet Now Im Following You, while a Dick Tracy character mouths Warren Beattys recorded vocals. On other songs, background singers plump up her voice, strained by the exertion of non-stop dancing, billboard editor Thom Duffy commented, The expectations of fans have changed, and thats the driving force here. They expect a concert as perfect as what they see on MTV, and the same level of perfection is expected to extend beyond the video set to the concert stage
Lip-sync
–
Pop singer Ashlee Simpson lip synched on
Saturday Night Live in 2004
Lip-sync
–
In his underground romp
Wild Side Story director
Lars Jacob put in an overdone type of mouth and tongue action as integral to the show's
parodic concept;
Helena Mattsson (center) and Chris Ajaxon lip-sync a
Mae West quip in the
Stockholm cast of 2002.
Lip-sync
–
Spears performing in 2009's world tour
The Circus Starring Britney Spears
9.
World Wide Web
–
The World Wide Web is an information space where documents and other web resources are identified by Uniform Resource Locators, interlinked by hypertext links, and can be accessed via the Internet. English scientist Tim Berners-Lee invented the World Wide Web in 1989 and he wrote the first web browser computer program in 1990 while employed at CERN in Switzerland. The Web browser was released outside of CERN in 1991, first to research institutions starting in January 1991. The World Wide Web has been central to the development of the Information Age and is the primary tool billions of people use to interact on the Internet, Web pages are primarily text documents formatted and annotated with Hypertext Markup Language. In addition to formatted text, web pages may contain images, video, audio, embedded hyperlinks permit users to navigate between web pages. Multiple web pages with a theme, a common domain name. Website content can largely be provided by the publisher, or interactive where users contribute content or the content depends upon the user or their actions, websites may be mostly informative, primarily for entertainment, or largely for commercial, governmental, or non-governmental organisational purposes. In the 2006 Great British Design Quest organised by the BBC and the Design Museum, Tim Berners-Lees vision of a global hyperlinked information system became a possibility by the second half of the 1980s. By 1985, the global Internet began to proliferate in Europe, in 1988 the first direct IP connection between Europe and North America was made and Berners-Lee began to openly discuss the possibility of a web-like system at CERN. Such a system, he explained, could be referred to using one of the meanings of the word hypertext. At this point HTML and HTTP had already been in development for two months and the first Web server was about a month from completing its first successful test. While the read-only goal was met, accessible authorship of web content took longer to mature, with the concept, WebDAV, blogs, Web 2.0. The proposal was modelled after the SGML reader Dynatext by Electronic Book Technology, a NeXT Computer was used by Berners-Lee as the worlds first web server and also to write the first web browser, WorldWideWeb, in 1990. By Christmas 1990, Berners-Lee had built all the necessary for a working Web, the first web browser. The first web site, which described the project itself, was published on 20 December 1990, jones stored it on a magneto-optical drive and on his NeXT computer. On 6 August 1991, Berners-Lee published a summary of the World Wide Web project on the newsgroup alt. hypertext. This date is confused with the public availability of the first web servers. The first server outside Europe was installed at the Stanford Linear Accelerator Center in Palo Alto, California, accounts differ substantially as to the date of this event
World Wide Web
–
The NeXT Computer used by
Tim Berners-Lee at
CERN.
World Wide Web
–
The CERN
data center in 2010 housing some WWW servers
10.
Webcomic
–
Webcomics are comics published on a website. While many are published exclusively on the web, others are published in magazines. Webcomics can be compared to self-published print comics in that anyone with an Internet connection can publish their own webcomic, readership levels vary widely, many are read only by the creators immediate friends and family, while some of the largest claim audiences well over one million readers. Webcomics range from traditional comic strips and graphic novels to avant garde comics and they sometimes take on the role of a comic blog. There are several differences between webcomics and print comics, with webcomics the restrictions of the traditional newspapers or magazines can be lifted, allowing artists and writers to take advantage of the webs unique capabilities. The freedom webcomics provide allows artists to work in nontraditional styles, clip art or photo comics are two types of webcomics that do not use traditional artwork. A Softer World, for example, is made by overlaying photographs with strips of typewriter-style text, pixel art, such as that created by Richard Stevens of Diesel Sweeties, is similar to that of sprite comics but instead uses low-resolution images created by the artist himself. However, it is common for artists to use traditional styles and layouts. Some webcomics stretch the boundaries of taste, taking advantage of the fact that internet censorship is virtually nonexistent in countries like the United States, Webcomics come in a large variation of formats throughout the world. Comic strips, generally consisting of three or four panels, have traditionally been a format for webcomics. Other webcomics may mimic the pages of comic books and graphic novels. Such a format proved successful in South-Korean webcomics when JunKoo Kim implemented an infinite scrolling mechanism in Line Webtoon in 2004. Some webcartoonists, such as political cartoonist Mark Fiore or Charley Parker with Argon Zark, incorporate animations or interactive elements into their webcomics. The first comics to be shared through the Internet were created in the mid-1980s, services such as CompuServe and Usenet were used before the World Wide Web started to rise in popularity in 1993. Early webcomics were usually derivatives from strips in newspapers, but when the Web became widely popular in the mid-1990s. By the year 2000, various webcomic creators were financially successful, unique genres and styles became popular during this period. In the second half of the 2000s, webcomics became less financially sustainable due to the rise of social media, however, crowdsourcing through Kickstarter and Patreon also became popular in this period, allowing readers to donate money to webcomic creators directly. The 2010s also saw the rise of webtoons in South Korea, in March 1995, Bebe Williams launched the webcomics portal Art Comics Daily, an online gallery of several webcomics
Webcomic
–
The themes of webcomics like
Eric Millikin ' s have caused controversy.
Webcomic
–
Many webcomics like
Diesel Sweeties use non-traditional art styles.
11.
Comic strip
–
A comic strip is a sequence of drawings arranged in interrelated panels to display brief humor or form a narrative, often serialized, with text in balloons and captions. With the development of the internet, they began to online as web comics. There were more than 200 different comic strips and daily cartoon panels in American newspapers alone each day for most of the 20th century, Strips are written and drawn by a comics artist or cartoonist. As the name implies, comic strips can be humorous, starting in the late 1920s, comic strips expanded from their mirthful origins to feature adventure stories, as seen in Popeye, Captain Easy, Buck Rogers, Tarzan, and The Adventures of Tintin. Soap-opera continuity strips such as Judge Parker and Mary Worth gained popularity in the 1940s, all are called, generically, comic strips, though cartoonist Will Eisner has suggested that sequential art would be a better genre-neutral name. In the UK and the rest of Europe, comic strips are also serialized in comic book magazines, storytelling using a sequence of pictures has existed through history. One medieval European example in textile form is the Bayeux Tapestry, printed examples emerged in 19th-century Germany and in 18th-century England, where some of the first satirical or humorous sequential narrative drawings were produced. William Hogarths 18th century English cartoons include both narrative sequences, such as A Rakes Progress, and single panels, in China, with its traditions of block printing and of the incorporation of text with image, experiments with what became lianhuanhua date back to 1884. The first newspaper comic strips appeared in North America in the late 19th century, the Yellow Kid is usually credited as one of the first newspaper strips. However, the art form combining words and pictures developed gradually, swiss author and caricature artist Rodolphe Töpffer is considered the father of the modern comic strips. In 1865, German painter, author, and caricaturist Wilhelm Busch created the strip Max and Moritz, Max and Moritz provided an inspiration for German immigrant Rudolph Dirks, who created the Katzenjammer Kids in 1897. Familiar comic-strip iconography such as stars for pain, sawing logs for snoring, speech balloons, hugely popular, Katzenjammer Kids occasioned one of the first comic-strip copyright ownership suits in the history of the medium. When Dirks left William Randolph Hearst for the promise of a better salary under Joseph Pulitzer, it was an unusual move, in a highly unusual court decision, Hearst retained the rights to the name Katzenjammer Kids, while creator Dirks retained the rights to the characters. Hearst promptly hired Harold Knerr to draw his own version of the strip, Dirks renamed his version Hans and Fritz. Thus, two versions distributed by rival syndicates graced the pages for decades. Dirks version, eventually distributed by United Feature Syndicate, ran until 1979, in the United States, the great popularity of comics sprang from the newspaper war between Pulitzer and Hearst. On January 31,1912, Hearst introduced the nations first full daily comic page in his New York Evening Journal, the history of this newspaper rivalry and the rapid appearance of comic strips in most major American newspapers is discussed by Ian Gordon. The longest running American comic strips are,1, barney Google and Snuffy Smith 5
Comic strip
–
Winsor McCay 's
Little Nemo (1905), an American
Sunday comic strip featuring a heightened use of perspective, a sequential narrative in panel tiers, and dream-like plots
Comic strip
–
Jimmy Hatlo 's
They'll Do It Every Time was often drawn in the two-panel format as seen in this 1943 example.
Comic strip
–
Gene Ahern 's The Squirrel Cage (January 3, 1937), an example of a
topper strip which is better remembered than the strip it accompanied, Ahern's
Room and Board.
Comic strip
–
Russell Patterson and Carolyn Wells' New Adventures of Flossy Frills (January 26, 1941), an example of comic strips on
Sunday magazines.
12.
John Kricfalusi
–
In the late 1990s he created the first cartoons made exclusively for the Internet, The Goddamn George Liquor Program and Weekend Pussy Hunt. He returned to television with The Ripping Friends and the adult animation spin-off Ren & Stimpy Adult Party Cartoon, John Kricfalusi was born in Canada to a father of Ukrainian descent and mother of Scottish and English descent. He spent his childhood in Germany and Belgium while his father was serving in the Royal Canadian Air Force. At age seven he returned with his family to Canada, having moved in the middle of a school season, he spent much of his time that year at home, watching Hanna-Barbera cartoons and drawing them. He soon left Sheridan College and moved to Los Angeles, intending to become an animator, after moving to Los Angeles, Kricfalusi was introduced to Milt Gray by Bob Clampett, suggesting he should join Grays classical animation class. Gray was working for Filmation at the time, and soon Kricfalusi found work there as well, getting his start on the shows like Super Friends and The Tom and Jerry Comedy Show. His first independent cartoon was a short called Ted Bakes One, from 1979 to the mid-1980s, Kricfalusi worked for Filmation and later Hanna-Barbera and DIC Entertainment on various shows which he once described as the worst animation of all time. He recalls being saved from having to work on cartoons by director Ralph Bakshi. They began working on the designs for the film Bobbys Girl, under Bakshi, Kricfalusi directed the animation for The Rolling Stones 1986 music video Harlem Shuffle. The teams most successful project was Mighty Mouse, The New Adventures for CBS, the series was well-received, and it is considered the forerunner of creator-driven cartoons. Kricfalusi directed eight of the episodes and supervised the series. At the beginning of the season, Kricfalusi left the show. Mighty Mouse was cancelled amidst controversy for allegedly depicting the main character snorting cocaine, in 1994, Kricfalusi pitched a revival series of Mighty Mouse to Paramount, which would have featured other Terrytoons characters such as Deputy Dawg, but they rejected the idea. Kricfalusi left Bakshis studio to work on The New Adventures of Beany and Cecil for ABC, where he teamed up with many of the people who would later work with him on many of his Spümcø projects. ABC had been negotiating for the production of the show with the Clampett family, the long negotiations delayed the start of production to mid-July, causing much of the animation to be rushed in order to meet the September deadline. Tensions rose between Kricfalusi and ABC over the tone of the show, leading to an atmosphere for the shows crew. The more ABC strove to soften the show, the more Kricfalusi pushed for shocking, the Clampett family were ultimately not very happy with the cartoon, but remained supportive of Kricfalusi. ABC cancelled the show after six episodes, finding the humor not suitable for childrens programming, Kricfalusi formed Spümcø animation studio with partners Jim Smith, Bob Camp and Lynne Naylor
John Kricfalusi
–
Kricfalusi at the
Castro Theatre in July 2006
John Kricfalusi
–
Mighty Mouse in
Ralph Bakshi 's adaptation
John Kricfalusi
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Jimmy the Idiot Boy without most of his face in the "I Miss You" music video.
13.
The Goddamn George Liquor Program
–
The Goddamn George Liquor Program is a 1997 Adobe Flash cartoon series created by John Kricfalusi and starring the animated character George Liquor. Liquor was spun out to his own web-based cartoon during the days when the Spümcø studio had an online presence, michael Pataki voiced Liquor in the series. Premiering on October 15,1997, The Goddamn George Liquor Program was the first cartoon series to be produced exclusively for the internet. George appeared on the series with his nephew, Jimmy The Idiot Boy, Jimmys cousins, Slab and Ernie, Jimmys love interest, Sody Pop, without the control of a network, the series could be made as Kricfalusi wanted. The Goddamn George Liquor Program won the 1999 Annie Award for Outstanding Achievement in an Animated Interactive Production, later the show was being developed as a series of cartoon commercials for Pontiac Vibe. The new series remained unreleased after General Motors discontinued the Pontiac Vibe auto line in 2009, the following characters appear in The Goddamn George Liquor Program. George Liquor, American – Liquor is an ultra-patriotic American, Jimmy the Idiot Boy – Jimmy is an incredibly stupid teenage boy. Sody Pop – Sody is a 15-year-old Canadian girl who is Jimmys love interest, but George Liquor tells her to stay away from Jimmy. Slab n Ernie – Slab and Ernie, two bullies, are Georges nephews and Jimmys cousins, Dirty Dog – Dirty Dog, the neighborhood watchdog, does not like cats. In the first episode of The Goddamn George Liquor Program Dirty Dog defecates on a lawn, other characters who appears in comic, Mable – Mable was George Liquors wife. After she died, George Liquor preserved her torso and legs, Merle – 30-year old Merle, a health nut, is Sodys older sister. Merle tries to seduce George Liquor, the Bad Catholic Girls – Three Catholic school teenage girls who smoke, trying to corrupt Jimmy. Mildrew – Mildrew, Slab and Ernies mother, is married to Frank, George Liquor sometimes flirts with her. Cigarettes the Cat – Cigarettes is Jimmys pet cat, Victor Lugnuts – Lugnuts operates Victor Lugnuts House of Meats. Victor Produce – Lugnutss rival, Victor Produce, operates a vegetable store, Eddie the Town Atheist – Eddie, an atheist, is Lugnutss son. George tries to him to adopt Christianity. General Buck Neckfold – Neckfold, a general at The Pentagon, is one of George Liquors friends, Nutty the Friendly Dump – Jimmy defecated Nutty. Nutty has corn kernels for eyes, dr. Stump – Stump, George Liquors family doctor, prescribes amputation as treatment for various ills
The Goddamn George Liquor Program
–
George Liquor
The Goddamn George Liquor Program
–
Jimmy the Idiot Boy
14.
George Liquor
–
George Liquor is a cartoon character created by John Kricfalusi. Liquor is most famous for his appearances on The Ren & Stimpy Show and he is a mascot for Kricfalusis defunct animation studio, Spümcø. Kricfalusi portrayed George Liquor as a patriotic, outspoken, politically conservative blowhard, Kricfalusi described Liquor as his favorite character to animate. George Liquor was voiced by Harris Peet in his first starring episode of The Ren & Stimpy Show, Liquor was voiced by Michael Pataki until 1997. Kricfalusi has voiced the character subsequently, George Liquor appeared in episodes of The Ren & Stimpy Show, the episodes of The Goddamn George Liquor Program, comic books, webcomics, internet cartoons, and advertisements. According to Kricfalusis blog, a new webtoon starring George was in development and to be sponsored by Pontiac Vibe, Kricfalusi described George Liquor as the greatest American who is so conservative that he thinks the Republicans are Commies. George harbors a deep antipathy for the left, in one issue of Spümcøs Comic Book. Liquor lives in the city of Decentville, USA. George strongly believes in discipline and corporal punishment, his motto is its discipline that begets love, in the two episodes of The Ren & Stimpy Show in which he starred, George treats Ren and Stimpy strictly and tries to make them as disciplined as possible. In an issue of Comic Book, Liquor questions how parents can love their children without spanking them, George was created by Kricfalusi in 1979 immediately after Kricfalusi saw a building with a sign that read, George Liquor. Kricfalusi said that the name George Liquor was the coolest name ever heard, according to Kricfalusis blog, Kricfalusis father greatly influenced the characters personality. He said that both Liquor and his father are similar in that George and my Dad believe strongly in discipline and order, Kricfalusi intended for George Liquor to be an integral character in The Ren & Stimpy Show, Kricfalusi created Ren and Stimpy as Liquors and Jimmys pets. George Liquor’s first official appearances were in episodes of The Ren & Stimpy Show, a series that Kricfalusi created, sold to the channel Nickelodeon. Liquor starred in the episodes Dog Show and Mans Best Friend and made cameos in the episodes The Boy Who Cried Rat. According to Kricfalusi, Liquor only appeared in a few episodes because those in charge of Nickelodeon at the time hated the character. Ren and Stimpy animator Bill Wray described Liquor as a character that Nickelodeon never liked because the name Liquor both was a reference to alcohol and sounded like the words lick her, Wray said that Nickelodeon disapproved of George but did not forbid Kricfalusi from using the character. In one of Liquors starring roles, in the episode Dog Show, George put characters Ren, before the episode was broadcast, it was censored so that Georges last name, Liquor, was cut from the soundtrack. According to Forbidden Animation, Censored Cartoons And Blacklisted Animators in America, Liquors other major appearance, the episode Mans Best Friend, was banned from Nickelodeon and was not shown on television for years because of its content
George Liquor
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George Liquor being used in
Macromedia Flash in a commercial for Tower Records.
George Liquor
–
George Liquor from
The Ren & Stimpy Show
15.
Jimmy The Hapless Idiot Boy
–
Jimmy The Idiot Boy is a cartoon character created and voiced by John Kricfalusi and was the official mascot for Kricfalusis company Spümcø. He appears, drooling, in the Spümcø logo at the end of pre-1993 The Ren & Stimpy Show episodes, jimmy has appeared in comics, internet cartoons and the Björk music video for I Miss You. He often appears with his uncle George Liquor, cousins Slab and Ernie, love interest Sody Pop, jimmy has also appeared in the television series The Ripping Friends, in which he was created from the combined DNA of all four Ripping Friends. Jimmy and Sody starred in a commercial for Aokis Pizza, the music video for I Miss You was animated and directed by John Kricfalusi of Spümcø, best known for the Ren & Stimpy cartoons, which Björk admired. After one of Björks concerts, she met up with Kricfalusi while wearing a Ren & Stimpy shirt, jimmy the Idiot Boy joins her during various parts of the video. Another Kricfalusi character, George Liquor, makes a cameo in one scene, the Tail That Wags The Dog, And Other Tales From the 1997 American International Toy Fair, AWN
Jimmy The Hapless Idiot Boy
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Jimmy
16.
WhirlGirl
–
WhirlGirl debuted in 1997 as an online sci-fi series about a reluctant superheroine battling an evil mediatech empire in 2077 Southern California. The title character—dubbed a real revolutionary for a virtual age—balanced freedom-fighting with realistic personal concerns like dating and having friends, Kia Cross is the only daughter of mid-21st century revolutionary leader Morgan Cross. After Morgan was captured and destroyed by forces working for ZoneWerks, Flash forward, Years later, as the programming wears off, Kia recalls her mothers work and transforms herself into a superheroine. Armed with a weapon and a signature fighting move, she resumes the fight for freedom. Victoria Thalios leads the FreeVox rebel group, which WhirlGirl often defends, whirlGirls primary foe, Ty Harden, not only runs the evil ZoneWerks empire, he is also Sid Xs estranged father. Harden relies on Axxen Baines, a sadist who heads the ZoneWerks security apparatus, in a September 1999 webisode, magicians Penn & Teller appeared as animated versions of themselves in a futuristic Las Vegas. In May 2000, WhirlGirl teamed up with the hero of the SciFi Channels Barbarian Moron cartoon in a series of webisodes that appeared on both the Showtime and SciFi websites. Created by David B. Williams and produced by Visionary Media, in August 1998, using Macromedias new Flash 2.0 animation software, WhirlGirl replaced its comic-strip panels with five-minute-long webisodes, becoming one of the first animated web series. That July, the site running on Lycos as well. Showtimes parent company, Viacom, took an equity stake in Visionary Media. All 100 episodes were dubbed into Spanish and distributed on Yupi. One of the first major Spanish-language online networks, on February 27,1999, the series helped advance web-TV convergence by being the first animated webisode to premiere simultaneously on a TV channel and its website—in this case, Showtime and SHO. com. In July 1997, WhirlGirl became the first web series promoted with a traditional TV ad campaign that included high-profile spots in major markets. In 1999, Showtime supported WhirlGirl with a multimedia marketing campaign featuring billboards and other outdoor ads in major U. S. markets. In 2000, toy maker ReSaurus unveiled a WhirlGirl action figure at Toy Fair, Official website - WhirlGirl Official website - WhirlGirl on Vimeo
WhirlGirl
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WhirlGirl
17.
Showtime (TV network)
–
The Showtime brand is used by a number of channels and platforms around the world, but primarily refers to the group of eight multiplex channels in the United States. As of July 2015, Showtimes programming is available to approximately 28.693 million television households in the United States, the channel and its corresponding networks are headquartered at Paramount Plaza on the northern end of New York Citys Broadway district. The following week on July 8, Showtime launched on Viacom Cablevisions system in Dublin, California, the first program and television special to be broadcast on Showtime was Celebration, a concert special featuring performances by Rod Stewart, Pink Floyd and ABBA. By the end of its first year on the air, Showtime had a total of 55,000 subscribers nationwide. On March 7,1978, Showtime became a nationally distributed service after it was uplinked to satellite, turning it into a competitor with HBO, in 1979, Viacom sold a 50% ownership interest in Showtime to the TelePrompTer Corporation. On July 4,1981, Showtime adopted a 24-hour programming schedule,1982 saw the premiere of Showtimes first made-for-cable movie Falcons Gold and its first original series and childrens program Faerie Tale Theatre. The three companies announced their agreement in principle to acquire interests in TMC on November 11,1982. Subsequently, in late December of that year, the U. S. Department of Justice launched a preliminary inquiry into the proposed partnership. On January 7,1983, Viacom International added itself as a partner, under the revised proposal, the four studios would each own a 22. 58% stake in the two networks, with American Express owning a 9. 68% minority interest. In addition, the consortium would appoint a management team separate from those employed by the two channels – which would continue to operate as separate services – to operate the joint venture, on August 10,1985, after Time Inc. and cable provider Tele-Communications Inc. The subsidiary was renamed Showtime Networks, Inc. in 1988, also in 1988, the company formed Showtime Event Television as a pay-per-view distributor of special event programming. In 1990, Showtime ventured into acquiring and premiering independent films exclusively for the channel as part of the 30-Minute Movie short film anthology series. One of its first premieres,12,01 PM, was nominated for an Academy Award, in the years that followed, Showtime expanded its acquisitions into the realm of feature-length fare, including the Adrian Lyne-directed 1997 remake of Lolita. In 2000, Showtime launched Showtime Interactive 24.7, a service that provided DVD-style interaction of its entertainment offerings. On June 14,2005, Viacom decided to separate itself into two companies, both of which would be controlled by Viacom parent National Amusements, amid stagnation of the stock price. A new company assumed the Viacom name kept Paramount Pictures, the MTV Networks and BET Networks cable divisions. Showtime broadcasts its primary and multiplex channels on both Eastern and Pacific Time Zone schedules and this planned extension to the multiplex did not come to fruition – although a third multiplex service, Showtime 3, would make its debut in 1996. Three additional themed channels made their debut in March 2001, Showtime Family Zone, Showtime Next, Showtime Family Zone, Showtime Next and Showtime Women do not have distribution by most pay television providers as extensive as the other Showtime multiplex channels
Showtime (TV network)
–
Showtime
18.
Lycos.com
–
Lycos, Inc. is a search engine and web portal established in 1994, spun out of Carnegie Mellon University. Lycos also encompasses a network of email, webhosting, social networking, Lycos is a university spin-off that began as a research project by Michael Loren Mauldin of Carnegie Mellon Universitys main Pittsburgh campus in 1994. Lycos Inc. was formed with approximately US $2 million in capital funding from CMGI. Bob Davis became the CEO and first employee of the new company in 1995, Lycos enjoyed several years of growth during the 1990s and became the most visited online destination in the world in 1999, with a global presence in more than 40 countries. In 1996, the completed the fastest IPO from inception to offering in NASDAQ history. In 1997, it one of the first profitable internet businesses in the world. In 1998, Lycos paid $58 million for Tripod in an attempt to break into the portal market. Over the course of the few years, Lycos acquired nearly two dozen internet brands including Gamesville, WhoWhere, Wired Digital, Quote. com, Angelfire, Matchmaker. com. Lycos Europe was a joint venture between Lycos and the Bertelsmann transnational media corporation, but it has always been a corporate entity. Although Lycos Europe remains the largest of Lycoss overseas ventures, several companies also entered into joint venture agreements including Lycos Canada, Lycos Korea. The acquisition price represented a return of nearly 3000 times the initial venture capital investment. The transaction closed in October 2000 and the company was renamed Terra Lycos. Overseas, the continued to be known as Terra Networks. In October 2004, the transaction closed for sale of half of the business, the remaining Terra half was reacquired by Telefónica. Under new ownership, Lycos began to refocus its strategy, in 2005, the company moved away from a search-centric portal and toward a community destination for broadband entertainment content. With a new management team in place, Lycos also began divesting properties that were not core to its new strategy. In July 2006, Wired News, which had part of Lycos since the purchase of Wired Digital in 1998, was sold to Condé Nast Publications. In 2006, Lycos regained ownership of the Lycos trademark from Carnegie Mellon University, during 2006, Lycos introduced several media services, including Lycos Phone which combined video chat, real-time video on demand, and an MP3 player
Lycos.com
–
Lycos, Inc.
19.
WebTV
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MSN TV was the name of both a thin client which used a television for display, and the online service supporting it. The product and service was developed by WebTV Networks, Inc. a company purchased by Microsoft Corporation, while most thin clients developed in the mid-1990s were positioned as diskless workstations for corporate intranets, WebTV was positioned as a consumer device for web access. The WebTV product was an adapter that allowed a set to be connected to the Internet, primarily for web browsing. The setup included a web browser, a corded or wireless keyboard, while WebTV did not allow as much functionality as a computer-based web browser, it was a low-cost alternative to a traditional computer connection to the Internet. On July 1,2013, an email was sent out to customers that the service would be shutting down on September 30,2013, co-founder Steve Perlman is credited with the idea for the device. He first combined computer and television as a student when he decided his home PC needed a graphics display. He went to build software for such as Apple and Atari. While working at the Apple spin-off, General Magic, the idea of bringing TVs, one night, Perlman was browsing the web and came across a Campbells soup website with recipes. He thought that the people who might be interested in what the site had to offer were not using the web, a Silicon Valley startup, WebTV Networks was founded in July 1995. Perlman brought along co-founders Bruce Leak and Phil Goldman shortly after conceiving the basic concept, the company operated out of half of a former BMW car dealership building on Alma Street in Palo Alto, California which was being used for storage by the Museum of American Heritage. WebTV had been able to obtain the space for low rent. Before incorporation, the referred to itself as Artemis Research to disguise the nature of its business. The info page of its original website explained that it was studying sleep deprivation, poor diet and no life for extended periods on humans. The company hired many engineers and a few business development employees early on, two early employees of Artemis were from Apple Inc, Andy Rubin, creator of the Android cell phone OS, and Joe Britt. Both men would later be two of the founders of Danger, Inc, the consumer electronics companies income was derived from selling the WebTV set-top box. WebTVs income was derived from operating the WebTV Service, the Internet-based service to which the set-top boxes connected, the service provided features such as HTML-based email, and proxied websites accessed by the set-top box so as to make them display more efficiently on a television screen. WebTV closed its first round of financing, US$1,500,000, from Marvin Davis in September,1995 which it used to develop its prototype set-top box, the company also used the financing to develop the online service that the set-top boxes connected to. WebTV leveraged their limited funds by licensing a reference design for the appliance to Sony
WebTV
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WebTV hardware
20.
Marvel Comics
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Marvel Comics is the common name and primary imprint of Marvel Worldwide Inc. formerly Marvel Publishing, Inc. and Marvel Comics Group, an American publisher of comic books and related media. In 2009, The Walt Disney Company acquired Marvel Entertainment, Marvel Worldwides parent company, Marvel started in 1939 as Timely Publications, and by the early 1950s had generally become known as Atlas Comics. Marvels modern incarnation dates from 1961, the year that the company launched The Fantastic Four and other superhero titles created by Stan Lee, Jack Kirby, Steve Ditko and many others. Most of Marvels fictional characters operate in a reality known as the Marvel Universe. Martin Goodman founded the later known as Marvel Comics under the name Timely Publications in 1939. Martin Goodman, a magazine publisher who had started with a Western pulp in 1933, was expanding into the emerging—and by then already highly popular—new medium of comic books. The issue was a success, with it and a second printing the following month selling, combined. While its contents came from an outside packager, Funnies, Inc, Timely had its own staff in place by the following year. It, too, proved a hit, with sales of one million. Goodman formed Timely Comics, Inc. beginning with comics cover-dated April 1941 or Spring 1941, Goodman hired his wifes cousin, Stanley Lieber, as a general office assistant in 1939. Lee wrote extensively for Timely, contributing to a number of different titles, Goodmans business strategy involved having his various magazines and comic books published by a number of corporations all operating out of the same office and with the same staff. One of these companies through which Timely Comics was published was named Marvel Comics by at least Marvel Mystery Comics #55. As well, some covers, such as All Surprise Comics #12, were labeled A Marvel Magazine many years before Goodman would formally adopt the name in 1961. The post-war American comic market saw superheroes falling out of fashion and this globe branding united a line put out by the same publisher, staff and freelancers through 59 shell companies, from Animirth Comics to Zenith Publications. Atlas also published a plethora of childrens and teen humor titles, including Dan DeCarlos Homer the Happy Ghost, Atlas unsuccessfully attempted to revive superheroes from late 1953 to mid-1954, with the Human Torch, the Sub-Mariner, and Captain America. Atlas did not achieve any hits and, according to Stan Lee, Atlas survived chiefly because it produced work quickly, cheaply. During this time, the Comic Code Authority made its debut in September 1954, Wertham published the book Seduction of the Innocent in order to force people to see that comics were impacting American youth. He believed violent comics were causing children to be reckless and were turning them into delinquents, in September 1954, comic book publishers got together to set up their own self-censorship organization—the Comics Magazine Association of America—in order to appease audiences
Marvel Comics
–
Marvel Comics #1 (Oct. 1939), the first comic from Marvel precursor
Timely Comics. Cover art by
Frank R. Paul.
Marvel Comics
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The Fantastic Four #1 (Nov. 1961). Cover art by
Jack Kirby (penciler) and unconfirmed inker.
Marvel Comics
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The Avengers #4 (March 1964), with (from left to right), the
Wasp,
Giant-Man,
Captain America,
Iron Man,
Thor and (inset) the
Sub-Mariner. Cover art by
Jack Kirby and
George Roussos.
Marvel Comics
–
Howard the Duck #8 (Jan. 1977). Cover art by
Gene Colan and
Steve Leialoha
21.
Happy Tree Friends
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Happy Tree Friends is an American animated flash Adult cartoon series created and developed by Aubrey Ankrum, Rhode Montijo, Kenn Navarro and Warren Graff for Mondo Media. The show is cited as an example of achieving a cult following, the action and adventure comedy is composed of simple drawings and juxtaposes cute forest animals with extreme graphic violence. Each episode revolves around the characters enduring accidental or deliberately inflicted events of bloodshed, pain, dismemberment, evisceration, at one point, there was a warning given to the site Cartoon Violence, Not recommended for small children, or big babies. Happy Tree Friends features a variety of characters, each with varying appearances and personalities, while working on Mondo Media, Rhode Montijo drew on a piece of scrap paper a character who would later become Shifty. He then drew on a spreadsheet poster a yellow rabbit that bore resemblance to Cuddles. Rhode hung the drawing up in his workstation so other people could see his idea, in 1999, Mondo gave Aubrey Ankrum, Rhode Montijo and Kenn Navarro a chance to do a short for them. They came up with a short named Banjo Frenzy, which featured a dinosaur killing three woodland animals, a rabbit, squirrel and beaver with a banjo, from there, Mondo gave them their own Internet series, which they named Happy Tree Friends. After its internet debut in 1999, Happy Tree Friends became a success, getting over 15 million hits each month. In some countries, the episodes can be seen on television, the series has been reformed into its own show, rather than as a part of a compilation as before. Encouraged by the success, its creators have released four DVDs containing the episodes shown on the website. A collection consisting of the first three DVDs and five episodes, Overkill, has also been released. Mondo Media CEO John Evershed attributes the success of the series to animator Kenn Navarro and he had a clear vision for that show and hes just a brilliant animator. He has created something that is pretty universal, I envision kids watching Happy Tree Friends 20 or 30 years from now the same way that they watch Tom and Jerry now. Each half-hour episode of the series contains three seven-minute segments. 13 half-hour episodes were made, making a total of 39 seven-minute episodes, pictures from the first six episodes can be seen on G4s website. The Canadian channel Razer aired the show in syndication as did the Citytv stations throughout Canada, the show was also broadcast on MTV in Europe and Latin America and on Animax in South Africa. It was also shown on Paramount Comedy 1 in the UK from May 11,2007 for a time, with occasional reruns afterward with the channel. Mondo Media announced plans to produce a film based on the series
Happy Tree Friends
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Happy Tree Friends creator
Kenn Navarro
Happy Tree Friends
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Happy Tree Friends
22.
JibJab
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JibJab is a digital entertainment studio based in Los Angeles, California. In 2016, its animated sticker-making app - which has been available since 2014 - became the top IMessage App Store app by download growth. The video was considered an instant success, eventually being viewed on every continent as well as the International Space Station, while site was listed number one on Alexas Movers and Shakers list. The traffic surge forced JibJabs server to be shut down one day, and the clip was placed on AtomFilms. After being linked to on thousands of websites, the video was featured several times in the media and on television, including NBC Nightly News, Fox News. On July 26,2004, the creators appeared on The Tonight Show with Jay Leno, in December 2004, the Spiridellis brothers were named People of the Year by Peter Jennings. The Richmond Organization, a publisher that owns the copyright to Guthries tune through its Ludlow Music Unit. JibJab responded with a lawsuit in a California federal court, claiming the song was protected under a fair use exemption for parodies, JibJab and Ludlow Music reached a settlement after JibJabs attorneys unearthed evidence that the song had passed into the public domain in 1973. The terms of the settlement allowed for the distribution of This Land. In October 2004, JibJab followed up with another original animation, Good to be in DC, in this video, animated versions of George W. Bush, Dick Cheney, John Kerry, and John Edwards sing about their hopes for the upcoming election. Immediately after George W. Bushs election victory, JibJab released a third video, for the 2008 presidential election, JibJab released another election-themed animation, Time for Some Campaignin in July of that year. Set to the tune of Bob Dylans The Times They Are a-Changin, animated versions of Bill and Hillary Clinton, John McCain, Barack Obama, George Bush, viewers had the option of inserting their own face as that of a harassed voter. Upon Barack Obama becoming President, JibJab released Hes Barack Obama, for the 2012 Presidential Election, JibJab did not make an election video and instead began to focus their efforts on their e-card business. However, a web app was released in October of that year. Starting in 2005, and for the nine consecutive years until 2015, JibJab annually released Year in Review videos. The videos were uploaded on YouTube, on December 11,2015, JibJab made a Facebook announcement that they will no longer be releasing Year in Review videos. 2-0-5 is the year in video for the year 2005, it reflects the songs Auld Lang Syne. 2-0-5 is sung in the perspective of George W and this Year in Review portrays a Christmas concert with the kids singing about the past year, sung to the tune of Jingle Bells
JibJab
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Evan & Greg Spiridellis at Entertainment Gathering 2010
JibJab
–
JibJab Media Inc.
23.
The Critic
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The Critic is an American prime time animated series revolving around the life of New York film critic Jay Sherman, voiced by actor Jon Lovitz. It was created by writing partners Al Jean and Mike Reiss, the Critic had 23 episodes produced, first broadcast on ABC in 1994, and finishing its original run on Fox in 1995. According to PopMatters, the creators they intended the series as their letter to New York. The show often referenced popular movies such as Willy Wonka & the Chocolate Factory and The Godfather and they also spoofed Dudley Moore, usually as his character Arthur Bach from the 1981 film Arthur. Despite the ratings improving, The Critic was cancelled after two seasons and it continued to air through reruns on Comedy Central and then on Locomotion. From February 1,2000 to 2001, ten webisodes were produced using Adobe Shockwave. In 2004, the DVD box set was released, which includes all 23 TV episodes, in the late 2000s, reruns of the show aired again on ReelzChannel in the US and on Teletoons programming block Teletoon at Night in Canada. As of 2016, the first season can be viewed for free on Crackle, the show follows the life of 36-year-old film critic from New York named Jay Prescott Sherman. His televised review show is called Coming Attractions, which airs on the Philips Broadcasting cable network and he is also cold, mean-spirited, and elitist. His signature line, upon seeing a movie, is It stinks. Each episode was full of references and parodies. In the second season, Jay acquired a love interest — a Southern woman named Alice Tompkins, the show was created by Al Jean and Mike Reiss, who along with James L. Brooks served as executive producers. The Critic was produced by Gracie Films in association with Columbia Pictures, the shows animation was done by Film Roman. It was co-produced by Patric Verrone, the show sometimes included appearances of real life critics, such as Gene Shallit, Gene Siskel and Roger Ebert, who provided their own voices. When choosing things to parody, Reiss and Jean made a decision to find the right balance between current pop culture, and references that would stand the test of time. The Critic was the first major non-family sitcom animated program to appear in primetime, the show started out on ABC on January 26,1994, where it aired 13 episodes. It was cancelled by the network after half a season, and was moved onto Fox the following year where it ran for another 10 episode season. Around this time, it was included in a shameless plug crossover with The Simpsons and assumed the timeslot immediately after the show in the TV schedule, in an attempt to popularise it
The Critic
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The Critic
24.
Beastie Boys
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The Beastie Boys were an American hip hop group from New York City, formed in 1981. For the majority of their career, the group consisted of Michael Mike D Diamond, Adam MCA Yauch, Berry left shortly thereafter, and was replaced by Horovitz. They toured with Madonna in 1985 and a year released their debut album Licensed to Ill. With seven platinum or better albums from 1986 to 2004, the Beastie Boys were one of the hip hop acts worldwide. In 2009, they released digitally remastered editions of their albums Pauls Boutique, Check Your Head, Ill Communication. Their eighth studio album, Hot Sauce Committee Part Two, was released in 2011, and received positive reviews. They were inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in April 2012, just the third rap group to enter the Hall, after Run–D. M. C. and Grandmaster Flash, the following month, MCA died of cancer of the parotid salivary gland. In June 2014, Mike D confirmed that he and Ad-Rock would not continue the Beastie Boys, prior to forming the Beastie Boys, Michael Diamond was part of a number of bands such as the Walden Jazz Band, BAN and The Young Aborigines. The band supported Bad Brains, the Dead Kennedys, the Misfits and Reagan Youth at venues such as CBGB, A7, Trudy Hellers Place and Maxs Kansas City, playing at the latter venue on its closing night. In November 1982 the Beastie Boys recorded the 7 EP Polly Wog Stew at 171A studios, on November 13,1982, the Beastie Boys played Philip Puccis birthday for the purposes of his short concert film of the Beastie Boys, Beastie. Pucci held the concert in Bard Colleges Preston Drama Dance Department Theatre and this performance marked the Beastie Boys first on screen appearance in a published motion picture. The opening band for that performance was The Young and the Useless, skills to Pay the Bills later went on to earn the Recording Industry Association of Americas gold sales award for selling more than 500,000 copies. The band also recorded and then performed its first hip hop track, Cooky Puss, based on a prank call by the group to Carvel Ice Cream in 1983. It was a part of the new line-up’s first EP, also called Cooky Puss, which was the first piece of work that showed their incorporation of the rap phenomenon. It quickly became a hit in New York underground dance clubs, in 1983, the new line-up released the Cooky Puss EP, which offered the first evidence of them picking up on the underground rap phenomenon and the use of samples. ‘Beastie Revolution’ was later sampled for a British Airways commercial, earning them $40,000 in royalties, due to the success of Cooky Puss they began to incorporate rap into their sets. They decided to hire a DJ for their shows and ended up getting an NYU student named Rick Rubin. Soon thereafter, Rubin began producing records and he then formed Def Jam Recordings with fellow NY University student Russell Simmons and approached the band about producing them for his new label
Beastie Boys
–
The Beastie Boys live in 2007 L–R:
Ad-Rock,
MCA and
Mike D
Beastie Boys
–
The Beastie Boys at Club Citta Kawasaki, Japan Check Your Head tour Photo: Masao Nakagami, September 16, 1992
Beastie Boys
–
The Beastie Boys (left to right)
Ad-Rock,
Mike D, and
MCA performing in
Barcelona, Spain in September 2007.
25.
Tenacious D
–
Tenacious D is an American comedy rock duo that was formed in Los Angeles, California in 1994. Composed of lead vocalist and guitarist Jack Black and lead guitarist and vocalist Kyle Gass, Tenacious Ds studio releases, and its live performances, feature a full band lineup, including such musicians as guitarist John Konesky and bassist John Spiker. Drummer Dave Grohl has played on every studio release, the band first gained popularity in 1997 when they starred in their eponymous television series and began to support large rock acts. In 2001, they released Tenacious D, their debut album featuring a full band, the first single, Tribute, was the bands most successful achieving their only Top 10 in any chart, until they released The Metal, which was shown on Saturday Night Live. In 2006, they starred in, and recorded the soundtrack for, in support of the film, the band went on a world tour, appearing for the first time with a full band. They released their newest album Rize of the Fenix on May 15,2012, Tenacious Ds music showcases Blacks theatrical vocal delivery and Gass acoustic guitar playing abilities. Critics have described their fusion of vulgar absurdist comedy with music as mock rock. Jack Black and Kyle Gass initially met in Los Angeles in 1985, Black admits the duo did not see eye to eye due to animosity between the two as Gass – who was the main musician for the Actors Gang – felt threatened by Black. This all changed in 1989 in Edinburgh, Scotland, during the Edinburgh Fringe of 1989 and they were performing Tim Robbins and Adam Simons play Carnage. They would also work on productions at the group together regularly too. The two were just friends between 1989 and 1994 and did not play any concerts or record any music and their second song came about when Black was listening to Metallicas One in 1994 and told Gass that it was the best song in the world. Gass told Black that they couldnt write the best song in the world but Black put a twist on it and said they could write a tribute. Gass played an A minor chord at his apartment and the two spent three full days crafting the song, when it was done Gass mentioned they knew they had something, the song was comedic and evolved their comedy music persona. At their first concert, at Als Bar, the only played their one song Tribute. Black and Gass gave them the choice between Pets or Meat, Balboas Biblical Theatre and The Axe Lords Featuring Gorgazons Mischief. Tenacious D—a basketball term used by commentators to describe robust defensive positioning in basketball —did not get the majority of votes, however, cross, with Mr. Show writer Bob Odenkirk, continued his involvement with Tenacious D by producing three half-hour shows based on the band. The series, entitled Tenacious D, premiered on HBO in 1997, according to Gass, the series was cancelled after HBO requested ten episodes with the stipulation that he and Black would have to relinquish their role as executive producers, and only write songs. After the series aired, the continued to perform live
Tenacious D
–
Kyle Gass and
Jack Black of Tenacious D playing at
Blizzcon 2010, with
Dave Grohl on drums.
Tenacious D
–
Black, Gass, Konesky, Spiker, and Wackerman
Tenacious D
–
Tenacious D performing at the Leeds festival
26.
Adam Sandler
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Adam Richard Sandler is an American actor, comedian, screenwriter, film producer, and musician. After becoming a Saturday Night Live cast member, Sandler went on to star in many Hollywood feature films that combined have grossed over $2 billion at the box office. He has ventured into more dramatic territory with his roles in Punch-Drunk Love, Spanglish, Reign Over Me, Sandler has released five comedy albums in his career. Theyre All Gonna Laugh at You. and What the Hell Happened to Me. are both certified double-platinum, in 1999, Sandler founded Happy Madison Productions. Sandler was born in Brooklyn, New York in 1966, to Judith Judy, a school teacher, and Stanley Sandler. His family is Jewish and descends from Russian and Israeli immigrants on both sides and he grew up in Manchester, New Hampshire after moving there at the age of six. He attended Manchester Central High School, as a teen, Sandler was in BBYO, a popular Jewish youth group. Sandler graduated from New York Universitys Tisch School of the Arts in 1988, early in his career, Sandler played Theo Huxtables friend, Smitty in The Cosby Show and the Stud Boy or Trivia Delinquent in the MTV game show Remote Control. After his film debut Going Overboard in 1989, Sandler performed in comedy clubs and he was discovered by comedian Dennis Miller, who caught Sandlers act in Los Angeles and recommended him to Saturday Night Live producer Lorne Michaels. Sandler told Conan OBrien on The Tonight Show that NBC fired him, in 1993, Adam Sandler appeared in the film Coneheads with Chris Farley, David Spade, Dan Aykroyd, Phil Hartman, and Jane Curtin. In 1994, he co-starred in Airheads with Brendan Fraser and Steve Buscemi and he followed this film with Bulletproof, and the financially successful comedies Happy Gilmore and The Wedding Singer. He was initially cast in the bachelor-party-themed comedy/thriller Very Bad Things but had to back out due to his involvement in The Waterboy, although his earliest films did not receive critical praise, he started to receive more positive reviews, beginning with Punch-Drunk Love in 2002. Roger Eberts review of Punch-Drunk Love concluded that Sandler had been wasted in earlier films with poorly written scripts, Sandler has moved outside the genre of slapstick comedy to take on more serious parts such as the aforementioned Punch-Drunk Love, Spanglish and Reign Over Me. He played a father figure in Big Daddy. He returned to more dramatic fare with Mike Binders Reign Over Me and he starred with Kevin James in the film I Now Pronounce You Chuck and Larry. Sandler headlined You Dont Mess with the Zohan, the film was written by Sandler, Judd Apatow, and Robert Smigel, it was directed by Dennis Dugan. It marked as Sandlers first family film and first film under the Walt Disney banner, in 2009, Sandler starred in Judd Apatows third directorial feature Funny People. The film was released on July 31,2009, Sandler appeared in Grown Ups, alongside Kevin James, Chris Rock, Rob Schneider, and David Spade
Adam Sandler
–
Sandler at a ceremony to receive a star on the
Hollywood Walk of Fame on February 1, 2011
Adam Sandler
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Sandler at 2002
Cannes Film Festival
Adam Sandler
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Sandler's handprints and shoeprints in front of
Grauman's Chinese Theatre, 2008.
27.
Tim Burton
–
Timothy Walter Tim Burton is an American film director, producer, artist, writer and animator. Burton has worked repeatedly with Johnny Depp, who has become a friend of Burton since their first film together. He has also worked with musician Danny Elfman, who has composed scores for all, actress Helena Bonham Carter, Burtons former domestic partner, has appeared in many of his films. Both compilations were published by Steeles Publishing, as a preteen, Burton would make short films in his backyard on Evergreen Street using crude stop motion animation techniques or shoot them on 8 mm film without sound. Burton studied at Burbank High School, but he was not a good student. He was a very introspective person, and found his pleasure in painting, drawing and watching films and his future work would be heavily influenced by the works of such childhood heroes as Dr. Seuss and Roald Dahl. After graduating from Burbank High School with Jeff Riekenberg, Burton attended the California Institute of the Arts in Valencia, California, as a student at CalArts, Burton made the shorts Stalk of the Celery Monster and King and Octopus. Stalk of the Celery Monster attracted the attention of Walt Disney Productions animation division and he worked as an animator, storyboard artist and concept artist on films such as The Fox and the Hound, The Black Cauldron and Tron. His concept art never made it into the finished films, the film was produced by Rick Heinrichs, whom Burton had befriended while working in the concept art department at Disney. The film was shown at the Chicago Film Festival and released, alongside the teen drama Tex, for two weeks in one Los Angeles cinema. Having aired once in 1983 at 10,30 pm on Halloween and promptly shelved, prints of the film are difficult to locate. The short would finally go on display in 2009 at the Museum of Modern Art. It was again shown at the Seoul Museum of Art in 2012, Burtons next live-action short, Frankenweenie, was released in 1984. It tells the story of a boy who tries to revive his dog after it is run over by a car. Filmed in black-and-white, it stars Barret Oliver, Shelley Duvall, after Frankenweenie was completed, Disney fired Burton, under the pretext of him spending the companys resources on doing a film that would be too dark and scary for children to see. Pursuing then an opportunity to make a film, he was approached by Griffin Dunne to direct the black comedy film After Hours. However, after Martin Scorseses project The Last Temptation of Christ was cancelled, not long after, actor Paul Reubens saw Vincent and chose Burton to direct the cinematic spin-off of his popular character Pee-wee Herman. Pee-wee Herman gained mainstream popularity with a stage show at The Groundlings
Tim Burton
–
Burton at the 2012
San Diego Comic-Con International
Tim Burton
–
Tim Burton at the
64th Venice Film Festival
Tim Burton
–
Tim Burton (right) and
Pedro Almodóvar (left) at the première of
Sweeney Todd: The Demon Barber of Fleet Street in
Madrid, in 2007
Tim Burton
–
Tim Burton speaking about
9 at
Comic-Con, 2009.
28.
Emmy Award
–
An Emmy Award, or simply Emmy, recognizes excellence in the television industry, and corresponds to the Academy Award, the Tony Award, and the Grammy Award. Because Emmy Awards are given in various sectors of the American television industry, Regional Emmy Awards are also presented throughout the country at various times through the year, recognizing excellence in local and statewide television. In addition, International Emmys are awarded for excellence in TV programming produced, each is responsible for administering a particular set of Emmy ceremonies. The Los Angeles-based Academy of Television Arts & Sciences established the Emmy Award as part of an image-building and public relations opportunity. The first Emmy Awards ceremony took place on January 25,1949, at the Hollywood Athletic Club, shirley Dinsdale has the distinction of receiving the very first Emmy Award for Most Outstanding Television Personality, during that first awards ceremony. In the 1950s, the ATAS expanded the Emmys into a national event, in 1955, the National Academy of Television Arts and Sciences was formed in New York City as a sister organization to serve members on the East Coast, and help to also supervise the Emmys. The NATAS also established regional chapters throughout the United States, with each one developing their own local Emmy awards show for local programming, the ATAS still however maintained its separate regional ceremony honoring local programming in the Los Angeles Area. Originally there was only one Emmy Awards ceremony held per year to honor shows nationally broadcast in the United States, in 1974, the first Daytime Emmy Awards ceremony was held to specifically honor achievement in national daytime programming. Other area-specific Emmy Awards ceremonies soon followed, also, the International Emmy Awards, honoring television programs produced and initially aired outside the U. S. was established in the early 1970s. Meanwhile, all Emmys awarded prior to the emergence of these separate, in 1977, due to various conflicts, the ATAS and the NATAS agreed to split ties. However, they agreed to share ownership of the Emmy statue and trademark. With the rise of television in the 1980s, cable programs first became eligible for the Primetime Emmys in 1988. The ATAS also began accepting original online-only web television programs in 2013, the Emmy statuette, depicting a winged woman holding an atom, was designed by television engineer Louis McManus, who used his wife as the model. The TV Academy rejected a total of forty-seven proposals before settling on McManus design in 1948. The statuette has become the symbol of the TV Academys goal of supporting and uplifting the art and science of television, The wings represent the muse of art. When deciding a name for the award, Academy founder Syd Cassyd originally suggested Ike, however, Ike was also the popular nickname of World War II hero and future U. S. President Dwight D. Eisenhower, and the Academy members wanted something unique. Finally, television engineer and the third president, Harry Lubcke, suggested the name Immy. After Immy was chosen, it was feminized to Emmy to match their female statuette
Emmy Award
–
TV producer
Bruce Kennedy holding an Emmy
Emmy Award
–
Actress
Dana Delany holding an Emmy, 1992
Emmy Award
–
TV producer and writer
Bradley Bell accepting Daytime Emmy Awards for his work on the daytime soap opera
The Bold and the Beautiful, 2010
Emmy Award
–
Brazilian actress and TV host
Fernanda Lima holding
Rede Globo 's six medals of nominations to the International Emmys in 2012
29.
ESPN
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ESPN is a U. S. -based global cable and satellite sports television channel owned by ESPN Inc. a joint venture between The Walt Disney Company and the Hearst Corporation. ESPN broadcasts primarily from studio facilities located in Bristol, Connecticut, the network also operates offices in Miami, New York City, Seattle, Charlotte, and Los Angeles. John Skipper currently serves as president of ESPN, a position he has held since January 1,2012, as of February 2015, ESPN is available to approximately 94,396,000 paid television households in the United States. In 2011, ESPNs history and rise was chronicled by These Guys Have All the Fun, Bill Rasmussen conceived the concept of ESPN in late May 1978, after he was fired from his job with the World Hockey Associations New England Whalers. One of the first steps in Bill and his son Scotts process was finding land to build the channels broadcasting facilities, the Rasmussens first rented office space in Plainville, Connecticut. However, the plan to base ESPN there was put on hold because a local ordinance prohibiting buildings from bearing rooftop satellite dishes and this helped the credibility of the fledgling company, however there were still many doubters to the viability of their sports channel concept. ESPN launched on September 7,1979, beginning with the first telecast of what would become the flagship program. Taped in front of a live audience inside the Bristol studios. ESPNs next big break came when the acquired the rights to broadcast coverage of the early rounds of the NCAA Mens Division I Basketball Tournament. It first aired the NCAA tournament in March 1980, creating the modern day television event known as March Madness. The channels tournament coverage also launched the career of Dick Vitale. In April of that year, ESPN created another made-for-TV spectacle, the next major stepping stone for ESPN came over the course of a couple of months in 1984. During this time period, the American Broadcasting Company purchased 100% of ESPN from the Rasmussens, for years, the NFL, NBA and Major League Baseball refused to consider cable as a means of broadcasting some of their games. However, with the backing of ABC, ESPNs ability to compete for major sports contracts greatly increased, later in 1984, the U. S. ESPNs Sunday Night Football games would become the highest-rated NFL telecasts for the next 17 years. In 1992, ESPN launched ESPN Radio, a sports talk radio network providing analysis. It became the fastest growing cable channel in the U. S. during the 1990s, ownership of ABC, and in effect control of ESPN, was acquired first by Capital Cities Communications in 1985, and then by The Walt Disney Company in 1996. In 2012, ESPN generated more revenue for Disney than any of its other properties combined, alongside its live sports broadcasts, ESPN also airs a variety of sports highlight, talk, and documentary-styled shows. 30 for 30 started airing in 2009 and continues airing to this day, each episode is through the eyes of a well known filmmaker and has featured some of the biggest directors in Hollywood
ESPN
–
ESPN headquarters in
Bristol, Connecticut
ESPN
–
ESPN
30.
Animax Entertainment
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Animax Entertainment is an animation and interactive production studio producing content for all screens. Founded in 2001 by Dave Thomas, the actor, writer, national Geographic, Sesame Workshop, WWE and many others. The series was selected as Adobe Systems Site of the Day on June 20,2006. In 2007 the company branched out into production with the launch of a viral video series for Kodak. The main studio has won a number of awards in addition to the Emmy including multiple Webby Awards, multiple Summit Awards, in 2009 the company was added to the Inc.500 list of fastest growing companies in America. In 2001, Animax launched HelpsGood and a full service agency that uses social media to generate social good. The two companies work in concert, with Animax providing digital production services – apps, games, animation, video, site development – to HelpsGood, which focuses on NGO and government clients. HelpsGood current clients include the Ad Council, Smokey Bear, Bedsider, United States Environmental Protection Agency, USAID, funNugget, owned and operated by Animax, is a free online game portal featuring hundreds of original, licensed and branded games. Swampys Underground Adventures in house for the Disney Channel as well as the cut scenes for the game Wheres My Water 2 from Disney Interactive, the companys television properties include the Canadian animated sitcom Bob & Doug, a revival of their respective SCTV characters, and Popzilla for MTV. In 2012, Animax animated three two-minute shorts for NBCs hit show Community, the shorts titled Abeds Master Key, celebrated the return of Community to TV and were featured on the NBC website and Hulu. In 2007, Animax produced the first ever virtual world for girls for the maker of the Beanie Babies, in 2011, Animax designed and developed Beanie Ballz Bounce for Ty Inc for iPad, iPhone, and iPod Touch and is free for download in the Apple App Store. In 2014, Animax developed Whispering Willows an original title for Night Light Interactive that launched on Ouya. In 2011, Animax designed and developed Smokey Bears first mobile app and this free app provides information about wildfire prevention and step-by-step guides to safely building and extinguishing campfires. In 2012, Animax designed and developed Timeline Video Maker where people can make a reel of their life using their Facebook photos. They also developed the Rosify Yourself App for the Ad Councils 70th birthday where users can put their face on the iconic Rosie the Riveter image
Animax Entertainment
–
Animax Entertainment
31.
Gotham Girls
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Gotham Girls is an American Flash animation series focusing on several of the female characters of Gotham City, created and produced jointly by Warner Bros. Animation and Noodle Soup Productions in 2002, episodes starred Harley Quinn, Poison Ivy, Batgirl, Catwoman, Renee Montoya and Zatanna in short stories of varying length about the daily lives of the characters. It is also the name of a comic book series. Its use of Flash enables the animation to appear undistorted and unpixellated at any resolution, however, the episodes do not tend to show the Symbols outside of the intended viewing area. For example, in Season 1 Episode 1 while the beam on Harley continues off screen. Each episode features a mini-game or puzzle which can be played while the clip downloads, the screensavers, desktop backgrounds and internet chat buddy icon sites, however, no longer work, and simply redirect to the Warner Bros. website. The Gotham Girls website also does the same, the series lasted for three seasons, with each episode released month-by-month. While the first two seasons featured primarily comedic episodes, the season attempted to make the show more serious. These episodes linked directly to Batman & Mr. Freeze, SubZero and its also heavily implied that the series takes place in the DC animated universe. One significant aspect of the season is the appearance of Det. Selma Reesedale, a character revealed early on to be a transgender woman. The series finale, Cold Hands, Cold Heart aired in 2002, wrapping up the mystery, the final episode was dedicated to the memory of Hilary J. Bader, script writer for numerous DC Animated series, and who had died in 2002 of cancer. GothamGirls. com is no longer online, but the individual. swf files were accessible until mid-2015. It starred Poison Ivy, Harley Quinn, Catwoman, Batgirl, the story, which took place in the DC Animated Universe, involved a vial of chemicals that the three villainesses fought over, as they also tried to avoid capture by Batgirl and Detective Montoya. A three-issue miniseries, Batman, Harley and Ivy, followed the misadventures of Harley and Ivy, with Catwoman joining the mix in the monthly series that follow. The complete Gotham Girls series was included as a feature on the DVD release of the Birds of Prey TV series. On the DVD the animated episodes are presented in a fashion, with the interactive. Internet Horror, Science Fiction and Fantasy Television Series, 1998-2013, Gotham Girls at the Internet Movie Database Gotham Girls @ The Worlds Finest Gotham Girls at DCAU Wiki
Gotham Girls
–
Gotham Girls
Gotham Girls
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Harley partially drawn for an intended viewing area. Season 1 Episode 1 "The Vault".
Gotham Girls
–
Promotional art for Gotham Girls #2, by
Shane Glines.
32.
Warner Bros.
–
Entertainment Inc. – colloquially known as Warner Bros. or Warner Bros. It is one of the Big Six major American film studios, Warner Bros. is a member of the Motion Picture Association of America. The companys name originated from the four founding Warner brothers, Harry, Albert, Sam, Jack, the youngest, was born in London, Ontario. The three elder brothers began in the theater business, having acquired a movie projector with which they showed films in the mining towns of Pennsylvania. In the beginning, Sam and Albert Warner invested $150 to present Life of an American Fireman and they opened their first theater, the Cascade, in New Castle, Pennsylvania, in 1903. When the original building was in danger of being demolished, the modern Warner Bros. called the current building owners, the owners noted people across the country had asked them to protect it for its historical significance. In 1904, the Warners founded the Pittsburgh-based Duquesne Amusement & Supply Company, in 1912, Harry Warner hired an auditor named Paul Ashley Chase. By the time of World War I they had begun producing films, in 1918 they opened the first Warner Bros. studio on Sunset Boulevard in Hollywood. Sam and Jack produced the pictures, while Harry and Albert, along with their auditor and now controller Chase, handled finance and distribution in New York City. During World War I their first nationally syndicated film, My Four Years in Germany, on April 4,1923, with help from money loaned to Harry by his banker Motley Flint, they formally incorporated as Warner Brothers Pictures, Incorporated. The first important deal was the acquisition of the rights to Avery Hopwoods 1919 Broadway play, The Gold Diggers, however, Rin Tin Tin, a dog brought from France after World War I by an American soldier, established their reputation. Rin Tin Tin debuted in the feature Where the North Begins, the movie was so successful that Jack signed the dog to star in more films for $1,000 per week. Rin Tin Tin became the top star. Jack nicknamed him The Mortgage Lifter and the success boosted Darryl F. Zanucks career, Zanuck eventually became a top producer and between 1928 and 1933 served as Jacks right-hand man and executive producer, with responsibilities including day-to-day film production. More success came after Ernst Lubitsch was hired as head director, lubitschs film The Marriage Circle was the studios most successful film of 1924, and was on The New York Times best list for that year. Despite the success of Rin Tin Tin and Lubitsch, Warners remained a lesser studio, Sam and Jack decided to offer Broadway actor John Barrymore the lead role in Beau Brummel. The film was so successful that Harry signed Barrymore to a contract, like The Marriage Circle. By the end of 1924, Warner Bros. was arguably Hollywoods most successful independent studio, as the studio prospered, it gained backing from Wall Street, and in 1924 Goldman Sachs arranged a major loan
Warner Bros.
Warner Bros.
–
Warner Bros.
Warner Bros.
–
Lobby card from Open Your Eyes (1919)
Warner Bros.
–
Lobby card from
The Beautiful and Damned (1922)
33.
Crime Time
–
Crime Time is a series of animated shorts produced by Future Thought Productions, produced by Jay Zaveri and Steven Kasper, directed by Nassos Vakalis. Shifty perpetrates crimes from the sublime to the ridiculous - and never quite pulls them off and it is rendered in a graphic style reminiscent of classic UPA shorts. Crime Time gives the viewer a brief but comical look at the irony of crime, taking on the spirit of old-world cartoons, the series uses sight gags and pacing to bring about a comedic scenario. Produced in a combination of Flash and CGI animation, the creators utilize classic elements of story telling to give this series a unique personality, all That Glitters is Gold 36. Oils Well that Ends Well 98, sweet Dreams Amazon VOD, Crime Time Vol 1 Amazon VOD, Crime Time Vol 2 Crime Time, The Series Crime Time, The Series on YouTube Crime Time, The Series on Atom Films
Crime Time
–
Crime Time
34.
Homestar Runner
–
Homestar Runner is a Flash-animated Internet cartoon series created by Mike and Matt Chapman, also known as The Brothers Chaps. Its comedy mixes surreal humor, self-parody, and references to 1970s, 1980s, 1990s, and early 2000s pop culture, in video games, classic television. Since 2000, the site has grown to encompass a variety of cartoons and web games featuring Homestar, Strong Bad, at the peak of its popularity, the site was one of the most-visited sites with collections of Flash cartoons on the Internet, spreading via word of mouth. The site sustains itself through merchandise sales and has never featured advertisements, the Brothers Chaps have turned down offers to make a television series. After a four-year hiatus beginning in 2010, Homestar Runner returned with a new Holiday Toon on April 1,2014, for April Fools Day. Afterwards, co-creator Matt Chapman had announced plans to give the site semi-regular updates starting in the fall, More cartoons have since been released on the website on an occasional basis, usually to celebrate holidays. Matt described the origin of the name Homestar Runner as a in-joke between themselves and James Huggins, a friend of the Chapman brothers while growing up in Dunwoody. It actually comes from a friend of ours, there was an old local grocery store commercial, and we live in Atlanta, and it advertised the Atlanta Braves. It was like, the Atlanta Braves hit home runs, and so there was this player named Mark Lemke, and they said something like All star second baseman for the Braves. And we were just like, Homestar Runner, that’s the best thing we’ve ever heard. The idea to use Homestar Runner for a book came while Mike and Craig were in a bookstore. They spent around two hours designing the look of Homestar Runner, Pom Pom, Strong Bad, and the Cheat and they only printed about five to ten copies to share with friends, and had no intention to publish it. However, they were unaware that their father had sent out the book as a manuscript for submission to about 80 different publishers and they later used the Super NES video game Mario Paint to create the first cartoon featuring the characters. Around 1999, Mike recognized how popular Flash animation was taking off, looking for something on which to practice, they found inspiration in the old childrens book. Their initial cartoons were launched on their website, homestarrunner. com. In February 2001, it gained a new look, which has remained consistent to the present with minor changes. The site grew slowly at first, and primarily through word-of-mouth and they were able to sell a few dozen t-shirts by 2001. Mike moved back to New York in mid-2001 and he and Matt started crafting the first Strong Bad Email some kinda robot and their father suggested Matt quit his full-time time job to devote time to creating more Homestar Runner shorts
Homestar Runner
–
The cover of The Homestar Runner Enters the Strongest Man in the World Contest.
Homestar Runner
–
Homestar Runner logo
Homestar Runner
–
Puppet Homestar singing Apple Juice Blues with
They Might Be Giants
35.
The Brothers Chaps
–
Matthew Matt Alan Chapman and Michael Mike Raymond Chapman, known collectively as The Brothers Chaps, are American writers, voice actors, and directors. They are best known as the creators of the animated series Homestar Runner and they are originally from Indiana, but now live in Atlanta, Georgia. Growing up in the 1980s, the Brothers Chaps were creating comic books, filming Super 8 movies, Matt is the primary voice actor for Homestar Runner. For a time, he worked as a writer and director for the television series Yo Gabba Gabba. He also worked for the Disney Channel animated series Gravity Falls, where he also contributed occasional voice work and supporting acting roles. He played the main antagonist of the one episode CobraMan. Playing a sleazy carnival barker named Carl, whose voice and appearance were modeled directly after Strong Bad, Matt wrote the Wander Over Yonder episodes The Bounty and The Timebomb in collaboration with the shows writing staff. He has also served as a writer for Yo Gabba Gabba. and like his brother Matt has collaborated with the Wander Over Yonder staff, credited for writing the episode The Liar. The brothers have a development deal with Disney Television Animation. Mike Chapman at the Internet Movie Database Matt Chapman at the Internet Movie Database
The Brothers Chaps
–
Matt (left) and Mike (right) Chapman at
HeroesCon 2008 in
Charlotte, North Carolina
36.
MTV (Latin America)
–
MTV Latin America is a cable television specialty service aimed at residents in Hispanic American countries. It was launched on October 1,1993 as MTV en Español, the channel is a Hispanic American version from MTV. The channel is property of MTV Networks Latin America, a subsidiary of Viacom, MTV Latin Americas principal objective is to broadcast music videos as well as reality shows, series, and films, which may be directly or indirectly related to music. All programming is related in some way to youth culture, MTV Latin Americas programming focuses on certain musical genres, mainly pop, soft rock, Latin pop, and hip hop. Each of these categories includes music in English and Spanish, the service is headquartered in Miami Beach. MTV Latin America is distributed via satellite, cable, and other terrestrial distribution through of three different feeds in Argentina, Colombia and Mexico. The channel has also their own versions of MTV reality shows like Room Raiders or Dismissed, the first video shown was We are sudamerican rockers by the Chilean band Los Prisioneros. A few important events in the late 1980s led to the creation of MTV Latin America, firstly, the program MTV International was created in 1988 and led by Daisy Fuentes. This weekly program was broadcast through Latin American and American channels, a second catalyst was the rise of the Spanish Rock fever, which included artists such as Argentinean rockers Miguel Mateos and Soda Stereo. Lastly, during years the first-ever Spanish rock concert in the US. was put on by Miguel Mateos. With the growing popularity of Latino artists, channel executives began to take notice, after considering the success of other international MTV channels, such as MTV Europe and MTV Brasil, MTV Networks launched MTV in Spanish in October 1993. The channel had one signal to broadcast to all of Latin America, all programs were recorded and produced in Miami, FL where the studios were located. Daisy Fuentes became one of the first VJs for the channel, as the channel began to experience growing popularity in the early part of 1995, new shows were added to the program. For the first time, shows unrelated to music were broadcast, such as Beavis, MTV News was added, a segment dedicated to news on celebrities, film, politics and social issues, usually combining subjective and objective commentary. This division was created in order to cater programming more closely to distinct audiences, as a result, in 1996 MTV became the number one music channel in Latin America. However, during the 1990s the channel began experiencing problems, the musical aspect of MTV in Spanish was disorganized and the channel was having trouble catering to distinct regional tastes. During this time, the channel began to show American MTV programs subtitled in Spanish, as well, in the year 2000, MTV created a new signal directed towards Chile, known as MTV Southwest, which repeated programming from MTV Mexico but adjusted to Chilean time. However, in 2004, MTV Southwest was cancelled due to the low number of viewers, the majority of viewers are between the ages of 14 and 34
MTV (Latin America)
–
MTV Latin America
37.
The Great Mouse Detective
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The Great Mouse Detective is a 1986 American animated mystery comedy film produced by Walt Disney Feature Animation and released by Walt Disney Pictures. The film was known as The Adventures of the Great Mouse Detective for its 1992 theatrical re-release. The main characters are all mice and rats living in Victorian London, Sherlock Holmes also mentions Basil as one of his aliases in the Arthur Conan Doyle story The Adventure of Black Peter. As such, the new management of the company were convinced that their animation department was still a viable enterprise. In London, circa 1897, a mouse named Olivia Flaversham is celebrating her birthday with her toymaker father. Suddenly, a bat with a wing and peg leg bursts into the Flavershams workshop. Olivia searches to find the famed Great Mouse Detective named Basil of Baker Street, a surgeon named Dr. David Q. Dawson, who is returning from a service of the Mouse Queens 66th Regiment in Afghanistan, stumbles upon Olivia. It is then revealed that Professor Ratigan kidnapped Hiram to create a robot which mimics the Queen of the Mice so Ratigan can rule England. Hiram initially refuses to participate in the scheme, but gives in when Ratigan threatens to harm Olivia, Ratigan then announces his plans to kill the Queen and become supreme ruler of all mousedom to his henchmen. Meanwhile, as Basil is deducing the case, Fidget appears through the window and they give chase as Basil finds Fidgets footprints, declaring that they purse him in order to find Hiram. Basil, along with Dawson and Olivia, takes Toby, Sherlock Holmess pet Basset Hound, to track Fidgets scent, Fidget then ambushes Olivia from inside a toy cradle and kidnaps her. Basil and Dawson pursue Fidget, but become entangled and fall behind, while searching the shop, Dawson discovers Fidgets checklist, to which Basil does some chemical tests to discover the list came from a riverfront near the Thames. Basil and Dawson disguise themselves as sailors and go into a tavern called the Rat Trap and they are caught, and Ratigan has his hooligans tie them to a spring-loaded mousetrap connected with a Rube Goldberg machine laid out to kill them both. Ratigan sets out for Buckingham Palace, where Fidget and Ratigans accomplices kidnap the queen. Basil, along with Dawson, deduces the traps weakness and escape just in time, shortly after Dawson helps Basil out of a state of self-pity that he allowed himself into, thanks to Ratigan. At Buckingham Palace, Ratigan forces Hiram to operate the toy Queen, while the real Queen is taken to be fed to Felicia, the toy Queen declares Ratigan the ruler of all Mousedom, and he announces his tyrannical plans for his new subjects. Just then, Basil, Dawson, and Olivia save Hiram and the real Queen, Basil seizes control of the mechanical queen, making it denounce Ratigan as a fraud and tyrant while breaking it into pieces
The Great Mouse Detective
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The Great Mouse Detective
38.
Metalocalypse
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Metalocalypse is an American animated television series, created by Brendon Small and Tommy Blacha, which premiered on August 6,2006 on Adult Swim. The show can be seen as both a parody and celebration of heavy metal culture, the music, written by guitarist/creator Brendon Small, is credited to the band and featured in most episodes. The animation is often carefully synced to the music with the chord positions, a one-hour special entitled Metalocalypse, The Doomstar Requiem was released on October 27,2013. In the series, Dethklok is a metal band which enjoys a popularity level unheard of in reality. The fictional band members are Nathan Explosion, Skwisgaar Skwigelf, Pickles, William Murderface and their manager is Charles Foster Offdensen. If Dethklok endorses a product or service, competitors are driven out of business. The members of Dethklok tend to cause disaster wherever they travel, the band is shown to have a callous disregard for their fans safety, as shown in the first episode where they pour scalding hot coffee over concertgoers. The bands popularity is such that impressionable fans will do anything for them, even if that means death, the bands unnatural popularity and trail of destruction has attracted the attention of an Illuminati-style group, known as The Tribunal, dedicated to monitoring Dethkloks activity and plans. Typically, episodes involve the Tribunal attempting to maintain and perpetuate public ignorance, the Tribunal, led by a mysterious character named Mr. Salacia, works off the premise that Dethkloks unusual powers are the result of an ancient Sumerian prophecy about an Apocalypse of Metal. Brendon Smalls show Home Movies ended its run in 2004, which freed Small to spend time with writer friend Tommy Blacha and they went to metal shows around the same time they were both trying to pitch shows to different networks. This was how they came up with the idea of doing a show about a band that was vastly more popular than The Beatles had been. They came up with the storyline, wrote a song and had friend Jon Schnepp design the characters. The series was originally called Deathclock, but the name could not be used due to an existing trademark, the show and the main characters band were then renamed Dethklok. The shows title was extended to Dethklok Metalocalypse, although the starring band still retained the name Dethklok. The title was shortened to Metalocalypse because the extended show title was too complicated. They pitched the show to Adult Swim, which greenlit it in 2005 with a 20-episode contract, the shows first season consists of 20 11-minute episodes, the first of which premiered on the Adult Swim Video on August 4,2006 and on Adult Swim proper the following Sunday. Metalocalypse was renewed for a season consisting of 20 episodes which began airing September 23,2007. An updated version of the Deththeme was featured in the season as well
Metalocalypse
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The members of Dethklok shown in a promotional poster. From left to right: William Murderface, Skwisgaar Skwigelf, Nathan Explosion, Pickles, and Toki Wartooth.
Metalocalypse
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Main cast members
Metalocalypse
Metalocalypse
39.
Kappa Mikey
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Kappa Mikey is an American animated sitcom created by Larry Schwarz. The series premièred on February 25,2006 and ended on September 20,2008, the series is MTVs first global acquisition, and was available on iTunes until 2009. It uses Japanese animation and culture as inspiration for its concept, as a matter of fact, the series is a homage/parody of Japanese anime. The series relies heavily on gags and other things for comedy, the shows title is a play on the word kappamaki, a type of sushi. It is suggested that it was the inspiration for naming the title character Mikey, like Mikey, who is a fish out of water in Japan, the kappa creature itself is a water demon who can live on land. The kappas first appeared on show in the episode Mikey, Kappa, on August 5,2007. Coincidentally, Mikey also shares his name with the actor who supplies his voice, after producing Internet-based projects and television spots, the series became Animation Collectives first television series. The series was produced in New York City starting from the summer of 2005, production for the two seasons wrapped in September 2007. Schwarz conceived the series in 2000, when he was running Rumpus toys, a toy company in New York City. Much of the current cast was voicing their characters even this early in production, MTV declined the deal, and Nickelodeon eventually picked up the project. The series was tweaked heavily in order to be aimed at a younger audience, voice talents were usually local, and its audio was recorded at Manhattan-based NYAV Post, which Michael Sinterniklaas owns. Larry Schwarz, along with the executive producers, oversaw all phases of production, but only had writing credits on the pilot episode, Mikey Impossible. All the episodes were directed by Sergei Aniskov, the instrumental score was composed by John Angier, who also wrote the lyrics to The Recycling Song, Ori and Yoris Hits, Living With Mikey, How Did We Get Here. And the songs in The Karaoke Episode, the series was animated in Adobe Flash, with some moments of CGI rendered in Maya. To further emphasize the contrast in styles, one group of animators was assigned to the anime characters, and another group was in charge of Mikey. The backgrounds were modeled in Maya, and texture, details, some of the backgrounds were inspired by actual locations in Tokyo. The shows anime-style characters perform with large comedic overuses of face faults, such as a face and/or body turning into a general appearance. This allowed animators to have control over how a character looks and acts than on many other Flash shows
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The main cast of Kappa Mikey
40.
Hi Hi Puffy AmiYumi
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Hi Hi Puffy AmiYumi is an American-Japanese animated fantasy-comedy television series created by Sam Register for Cartoon Network. It premiered on November 19,2004 and ended its run on June 27,2006, the series was produced by Renegade Animation and Cartoon Network Studios. The show focuses on an animated and fictionalized setting of the real-life Japanese pop rock group Puffy AmiYumi, both are based off the real Japanese pop duo Puffy AmiYumi, but with different appearances and exaggerated personalities. They travel around the world on their tour bus, along with their well-intentioned yet greedy manager. The Talent Suckers, a rock trio from Transylvania, and Atchan. The animated Puffy AmiYumi travel all over the world in their tour bus, in the episode Domo, Kaz refers to an upstairs area. It also seems capable of running on autopilot, as Kaz, Ami, occasionally, the rear door has been opened to receive packages delivered by a boy on a scooter. During the first season, the show included live-action clips of the real Ami and Yumi making childish commentary at the beginning and they only performed short clips at the beginning of the show during the second and third seasons. Starting with the season, the duo was sometimes shown holding title cards introducing the cartoon segments. At the end of the episode Sitcomi Yumi, Ami and Yumi watched television, finally, that live-action clips are produced by Freegate, Ltd. The real PUFFY performs the theme song, and many episodes feature one or more of the duos songs playing in the background. Though the characters speak English, the script intersperses their vernacular with Japanese speech, instead of Help. is commonly used. According to Register, the audience of the show is boys. However, it also has a following of teen and adult fans of the real-life Ami Onuki, Register, a fan of the band, wished to spread its fame to other parts of the world and thus created the cartoon. The series features the adventures of animated versions of the duo, during production of the series, DeLisle learned some Japanese from Kawaye and Young, both of whom speak the language fluently. It used a combination of Macromedia Flash and traditional cel animation, each program was 30 minutes long and featured three seven-minute segments that borrow inspiration from Japanese animation. The pilot was not broadcast, but was successful. Finally, it was shown in non-full version as a preview on Cartoon Network DVDs, the series was officially announced at Cartoon Networks upfront on February 26,2004
Hi Hi Puffy AmiYumi
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Hi Hi Puffy AmiYumi
41.
Odd Job Jack
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Odd Job Jack is a Canadian animated sitcom television show featuring Don McKellar, about one mans misadventures in temporary employment. Seen on and produced for The Comedy Network, a specialty channel, and shown on Adult Swim in Latin America. Odd Job Jack is created by Smiley Guy Studios in Toronto, the show was originally developed as a web-based cartoon, but quickly moved to cable television distribution. The producers of the show pay homage to their web roots by maintaining a web site that contains unique interactive content to each episode. They advertised this connection as being a sit. com, each episode ends with Jack adding a chapter to a book which he is writing about his experiences on his laptop. Mr. Instead Jack is greeted in each four episode with a new assignment associate. The first season also featured Jacques, a French Canadian doppelgänger to Jack who serves as an office nemesis, none of these assignments are as straightforward as they seem. Jacks co-workers and employers can only be described as contentedly psychotic, there are also a number of sly allusions in the episode to McKellars movies, including The Red Violin and Highway 61. Celebrities in the first season were Dave Foley, Troy Hurtubise, the second season featured the Barenaked Ladies, Jeff Tweedy of Wilco, John OHurley, Megan Follows, Christopher Plummer, Rick Mercer, Catherine OHara and Don Knotts. And the third season sees Tom Arnold, Scott Thompson, James Woods, Tom Green, Leslie Nielsen, Will Arnett, Samantha Bee, odd Job Jack was nominated for the Canadian Comedy Awards in 2007 in the Writing Series category
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Odd Job Jack
42.
Little Einsteins
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Little Einsteins is an American animated childrens television series on Playhouse Disney. The first episode of the Little Einsteins TV series premiered in Japan on TV Tokyo on October 5,2005 and in the United States on the Disney Channel on October 9,2005. In Europe, the season of the show premiered on the Disney Channel around Christmas time. The series were moved to the Disney Junior the channel although the episode was produced in late 2009. The show is designed to encourage viewer interaction, at the end of the mission. And the Little Einsteins then do the Curtain Call, at the end of the Curtain Call, Leo says, See you on the next mission. Then the curtains close and in season 2 a Thats Silly segment is shown, the series was based on the direct-to-video film of the same name, subtitled Our Huge Adventure. Like other Baby Einstein productions, the company pays a royalty to Corbis. Despite the usage of Einsteins name, there is no discussion of anything physics-related in the series, a video game based on the show was released for the Game Boy Advance in 2006. Leo is the leader of the Little Einsteins, and the one who pilots Rocket and his main talent is conducting and his most precious object is his conductors baton. Leo has red hair and green eyes and green eyeglasses and he is voiced by Jesse Schwartz, Trenton Rogers, and singing voice by Harrison Chad. Annie is a girl who loves to sing and she is Leos little sister and the only character who has piloted Rocket alone. She loves animals including dolphins and horses, but is afraid of spiders and she owns a silver microphone with orange music notes that she won in a song contest. When she wishes to urgently point something out to the team and she has blonde pigtails and blue eyes. She wears a shirt and a blue jean dress in Season 1, and a light blue shirt. She is voiced by Natalia Wojcik, june is a young ballerina who loves to dance. She also enjoys looking at the stars at night with her telescope and she has dark brown hair and brown eyes. She wears a dress and pink headband
Little Einsteins
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The Little Einsteins logo
43.
Wow! Wow! Wubbzy!
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Wubbzy. is an American educational animated television series created by Bob Boyle. The series is animated in Toon Boom and Adobe Flash software, produced by Bolder Media, Bob Boyle, Susan Miller, Mark Warner, and Fred Seibert-Warner are the executive producers. The pop rock music is performed by Brad Mossman, and the score is composed and conducted by Mike Reagan. The series premiered on August 28,2006 on Nickelodeons Nick Jr. in the United States and concluded on February 21,2010. According to Bob Boyle, the series began as a created by his niece, Viviana Ogawa, that Boyle turned into a rough comic book-style storybook called The Tail of Flopsy, Mopsy. During the series development process, the characters were renamed Wubbzy, Widget, Boyle submitted his original concept as a book to Bolder Media. After more than 6000 childrens book concepts were reviewed, Boyles submission was selected for development into a series for preschoolers. Production for the first season began in September 2004, the series premiered on Nickelodeons Nick Jr. block on August 28,2006. However, it ended on Nicks Play Date block in 2010 after it aired its final episode and it originally became a hiatus until December 2009. Reruns were moved to the Nick Jr. network, the series remained a part of the channel until April 15,2014, when the show was pulled off the air in the US, thus officially ending the show. All traces of the show were removed from the Nick Jr. website, the last episode that aired in re-runs was Save the Wuzzly/All Bottled Up. Also, the last episode aired on the Nickelodeon network was Lights, Camera, the show has received an Emmy, a KidScreen Best TV Movie award, and a Telly award. A translated version of the series has been an addition to the Cúla 4 childrens programming lineup on the Irish language television channel TG4 since January 2011. The show is dubbed in 15 languages and airs in 100+ countries around the world, Wubbzy. at the Internet Movie Database
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Wow! Wow! Wubbzy!
44.
BBC
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The British Broadcasting Corporation is a British public service broadcaster headquartered at Broadcasting House in London, England. The total number of staff is 35,402 when part-time, flexible, the BBC is established under a Royal Charter and operates under its Agreement with the Secretary of State for Culture, Media and Sport. The fee is set by the British Government, agreed by Parliament, and used to fund the BBCs radio, TV, britains first live public broadcast from the Marconi factory in Chelmsford took place in June 1920. It was sponsored by the Daily Mails Lord Northcliffe and featured the famous Australian Soprano Dame Nellie Melba, the Melba broadcast caught the peoples imagination and marked a turning point in the British publics attitude to radio. However, this public enthusiasm was not shared in official circles where such broadcasts were held to interfere with important military and civil communications. By late 1920, pressure from these quarters and uneasiness among the staff of the licensing authority, the General Post Office, was sufficient to lead to a ban on further Chelmsford broadcasts. But by 1922, the GPO had received nearly 100 broadcast licence requests, John Reith, a Scottish Calvinist, was appointed its General Manager in December 1922 a few weeks after the company made its first official broadcast. The company was to be financed by a royalty on the sale of BBC wireless receiving sets from approved manufacturers, to this day, the BBC aims to follow the Reithian directive to inform, educate and entertain. The financial arrangements soon proved inadequate, set sales were disappointing as amateurs made their own receivers and listeners bought rival unlicensed sets. By mid-1923, discussions between the GPO and the BBC had become deadlocked and the Postmaster-General commissioned a review of broadcasting by the Sykes Committee and this was to be followed by a simple 10 shillings licence fee with no royalty once the wireless manufactures protection expired. The BBCs broadcasting monopoly was made explicit for the duration of its current broadcast licence, the BBC was also banned from presenting news bulletins before 19.00, and required to source all news from external wire services. Mid-1925 found the future of broadcasting under further consideration, this time by the Crawford committee, by now the BBC under Reiths leadership had forged a consensus favouring a continuation of the unified broadcasting service, but more money was still required to finance rapid expansion. Wireless manufacturers were anxious to exit the loss making consortium with Reith keen that the BBC be seen as a service rather than a commercial enterprise. The recommendations of the Crawford Committee were published in March the following year and were still under consideration by the GPO when the 1926 general strike broke out in May. The strike temporarily interrupted newspaper production and with restrictions on news bulletins waived the BBC suddenly became the source of news for the duration of the crisis. The crisis placed the BBC in a delicate position, the Government was divided on how to handle the BBC but ended up trusting Reith, whose opposition to the strike mirrored the PMs own. Thus the BBC was granted sufficient leeway to pursue the Governments objectives largely in a manner of its own choosing, supporters of the strike nicknamed the BBC the BFC for British Falsehood Company. Reith personally announced the end of the strike which he marked by reciting from Blakes Jerusalem signifying that England had been saved, Reith argued that trust gained by authentic impartial news could then be used
BBC
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BBC Television Centre at
White City, West London, which opened in 1960 and closed in 2013
BBC
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BBC Pacific Quay in
Glasgow, which was opened in 2007
BBC
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BBC New Broadcasting House, London which came into use during 2012–13.
BBC
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The headquarters of the BBC at
Broadcasting House in
Portland Place, London, England. This section of the building is called 'Old Broadcasting House'.
45.
Monkey Dust
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Monkey Dust is a British satirical cartoon, notorious for its dark humour and handling of taboo topics such as bestiality, murder, suicide and paedophilia. There were three series broadcast on BBC Three between 2003 and 2005, following co-creator Harry Thompsons death, no further series were made. The episodes are untitled but instead are known by the characters introduced or the one-off sketches included, a short overview of the main characters, called a nocturne, set in the various characters bedrooms with no dialogue and a depressing accompanying song, usually precedes the final section. The animation in each episode is accompanied by music which helps the transition between scenes. Numerous songs by Goldfrapp, Boards of Canada and Black Box Recorder, the theme music for all three series is by Eels. Thompson and Pye comment on this in the Series 1 DVD commentary, hicham Bensassi contributed a song he wrote and produced in collaboration with singer Rosamund Daegenhardt. It appeared in series 3, episode 6, the background music for the Saint Stephens Hospital sketches in series three is Ivory Blush by K-West. On 8 November 2004, the first series of Monkey Dust was released in the UK on DVD, several musical substitutions had to be made from the television airing, as artists such as Cliff Richard and David Gray would not allow their work to be used on the DVD. Cover versions of the songs were used instead. The second and third series were broadcast on BBC Two and BBC Three respectively, only the first series of Monkey Dust was commercially released on DVD, however, in September 2009 eight episodes from across series 2 and 3 were made available for download from iTunes. This edgy show doesnt always work, but when it does there is nothing quite like it and it has received positive reviews from Vice and Digital Spy. 2003, International Student Jury Award 2004, Best Multichannel Programme 2004, Best Comedy Monk, london and Contemporary Britain in Monkey Dust. Journal of British Cinema and Television, Monkey Dust at BBC Programmes BBC THREE – Monkey Dust at the Wayback Machine Monkey Dust Episode Guide at TV. com Monkey Dust at the Internet Movie Database
Monkey Dust
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Monkey Dust DVD cover
46.
Channel Four
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Channel 4 is a British public-service television broadcaster that began transmission on 2 November 1982. With the conversion of the Wenvoe transmitter group in Wales to digital on 31 March 2010, before Channel 4 and S4C, Britain had three terrestrial television services, BBC1, BBC2, and ITV. The Broadcasting Act 1980 began the process of adding a fourth, after some months of test broadcasts, it began scheduled transmissions on 2 November 1982. Indeed, television sets throughout the 1970s and early 1980s had a spare channel called ITV/IBA2. It was most likely politics which had the biggest impact in leading to a delay of almost three decades before the commercial channel became a reality. The campaign was taken so seriously by Gwynfor Evans, former president of Plaid Cymru, the result was that Channel 4 as seen by the rest of the United Kingdom would be replaced in Wales by Sianel Pedwar Cymru. Operated by a specially created authority, S4C would air programmes in Welsh made by HTV, since then, carriage on digital cable, satellite and digital terrestrial has introduced Channel 4 to Welsh homes where it is now universally available. The first programme to air on the channel was the game show Countdown. The first person to be seen on Channel 4 was Richard Whiteley with Ted Moult being the second, the first woman on the channel, contrary to popular belief, was not Carol Vorderman and was a lexicographer only ever identified as Mary. Whiteley opened the show with the words, On its first day, Channel 4 also broadcast controversial soap opera Brookside, which ran until 2003. On its launch, Channel 4 committed itself to providing an alternative to the existing channels, Channel 4 co-commissioned Robert Ashleys ground-breaking television opera Perfect Lives, which it premiered over several episodes in 1984. The channel often did not receive mass audiences for much of period, however. Channel 4 for many years had a poorer quality signal compared to other channels, Channel 4 also began the funding of independent films, such as the Merchant-Ivory docudrama The Courtesans of Bombay, during this time. In 1992, Channel 4 also faced its first libel case by Jani Allan, a South African journalist, who objected to her representation in the documentary The Leader, His Driver and the Drivers Wife. After control of the station passed from the Channel Four Television Company to the Channel Four Television Corporation in 1993, instead of aiming for the fringes of society, it began to focus on the edges of the mainstream, and the centre of the mass market itself. It began to show many US programmes in peak viewing time and it gave such shows as Friends and ER their UK premières. In the early 2000s, Channel 4 began broadcasting reality formats such as Big Brother and obtained the rights to broadcast mass appeal sporting events like cricket and this new direction increased ratings and revenues. In addition, the corporation launched a number of new channels through its new 4Ventures offshoot, including Film4, At the Races, E4
Channel Four
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Channel 4
47.
Yin Yang Yo!
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Yin Yang Yo. is an American–Canadian flash animated television series created by Bob Boyle and produced by Jetix Animation Concepts. It is the third Jetix-original show and it first aired August 26,2006 as a sneak peek and premiered September 4,2006 on Jetix in the United States. The show debuted on Jetix in the United Kingdom on February 5,2007 after a sneak preview on January 27,2007 while making its Canadian television premiere on Family Channel on March 25,2007. The series is supplied with writers and animators staff associated with Fairly OddParents, 6teen, Clone High, head writer Steve Marmel, an anime fan, took an inspiration from various anime and anime-influenced shows such as Teen Titans and FLCL. Stars two anthropomorphic rabbits named Yin and Yang, and their sensei-like panda figure named Yo, a master of fictional martial arts called Woo Foo. In 2007, the show was nominated for British Academy Childrens Award by the BAFTA in the International category, from its launch in June 1,2011 to late 2012, Disney XD Canada aired re-runs of the series. This show is about two rabbit twins named Yin and Yang that train under Master Yo, a grumpy old panda who ends up being their father and they learn the sacred art of Woo Foo, a special type of martial arts that involves might and magic. They must work together to save the world from villains and forces that want to destroy, corrupt. However, through all these adventures, Yin and Yang still portray stereotypical siblings, belligerently antagonistic but still ultimately caring about each other, during the first season, the primary goal was to defeat the Night Master, a powerful enemy. During the second season, there are three primary storylines, the first one sees Yin and Yang trying to prevent other villains from being crowned the new Night Master. The second is Yangs own quest to find powerful mystic artifacts by some later-revealed-to-be villains, the third sees Yin and Yang against the original and reborn Night Master, Eradicus – ultimately trying to build a Woo Foo army to fight against his army. Yang - Master Yos student and the twin brother of Yin. He mostly uses the Martial Arts side of Woo Foo, but is able to use the Mystic side of Woo Foo as well. Yang is a cuckoo, lucky, courageous yet negligent and hasty character, Yang owns a bamboo-based sword which can temporally transform into various objects, using Woo Foo. He has a crush on Yins friend Lina and frequently tries to impress her and he also unintentionally helped Eradicus to return from eternal slumber, using magical and spiritual items collected by Yang on a quest added by Eradicus minions posing as Woo Foo elders spirits. However, Yin, Yang and Yo were able to defeat him, in the episode A Toys Story it is revealed that he is 11-year-old. Before he and his sister Yin were adopted by Master Yo they were street urchins or waifs, Yin - Master Yos student and the younger twin sister of Yang. Yin is pictured as intelligent, cute, feminine, and sassy and she mostly uses the Mystic side of Woo Foo, but she is also able to use the Martial Arts side of Woo Foo
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The series main characters from left to right: Yin, Yang, and Master Yo.
Yin Yang Yo!
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Yin Yang Yo!
48.
Angry Birds Toons
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Angry Birds Toons is a Finnish CGI animated TV series based on Rovios video game franchise of the same name. This animated series follows the adventures of the birds as they guard their eggs against the piggies who want to them for their king to eat. There was an episode called Meet the Flock in March 2013. The green pigs are identified by their role such as Corporal Pig, King Pig, or Chef Pig, dialogue is generally limited to vocalizations and sound effects similar to the game. As of September 2013, Angry Birds Toons episodes have been viewed more than one billion times, by July 2014, Angry Birds Toons episodes had been viewed over three billion times and by December 2014, episodes had been viewed four billion times. Red is the leader of the flock and he is usually very bossy and mainly focuses on protecting the Eggs from being captured by the Pigs. Chuck is a yellow triangular-shaped bird who can move incredibly fast and he is usually seen boasting about himself and how athletic he is, yet he isnt really the smartest Bird in the flock. Bomb is a bird with a fuse on top of his head who has the ability to explode, albeit without actually disappearing. Bomb is usually laid back yet still having the will to defend the Eggs, the Blues are a trio of blue birds who are mischievous and fun-loving fun loving fun loving, pulling pranks on both the Pigs and the Birds. Their names are Jim, Jake, and Jay, matilda is a white female bird with rosy cheeks that serves as the Mother Hen of the group. She loves nature and always seeks peaceful solutions to problems, terence is a large red bird with a single expression. He prefers to be silent, and stares down his opponents, bubbles is an orange bird that usually appears in the series Easter-themed episodes. Like The Blues, he is mischievous and fun-loving, Corporal Pig is a militaristic pig who wears a helmet with an ace of spades playing card. He reveres King Pig and likes to bully others and order the minion pigs around, according to his Angry Birds profile, he had accidentally glued his tin helmet to his scalp. King Pig is a pig with a crown on his head. He is lazy and loves food, and acts like a baby sometimes. Foreman Pig is a pig with a bright orange mustache who is in charge of the construction projects, Chef Pig is a pig with a chef hat and moustache who cooks for the King and devises many schemes. Minion Pigs are the pigs who dutifully serve the King, although they would prefer to just roll around in the mud, Rovio announced a TV series based on the Angry Birds video game series of 52 short episodes
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Angry Birds Toons
49.
Jake and the Never Land Pirates
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Jake and the Never Land Pirates is an Annie Award-winning musical and interactive American animated television series shown on Disney Junior. It is based on Disneys Peter Pan franchise, which in turn is based on the famous book and it is the first Disney Junior original show following the switch from Playhouse Disney. It stars Sean Ryan Fox from Henry Danger, Megan Richie, Jadon Sand, David Arquette, Corey Burton, Jeff Bennett, Loren Hoskins and Dee Bradley Baker. The series focuses on a band of pirates consisting of Jake, Izzy, Cubby, and their parrot Skully. But Jake and his crew beat Hook and Smee, and throw them to the sea, Captain Hook and Mr. Smee gets chased away by Hooks fear nemesis, Tick-Tock the Crocodile and Jake and his crew wins for treasure. They are often accompanied by several characters including their living pirate ship, Bucky, and their mermaid friend, Marina. At the American International Toy Fair in New York City, Disney announced a film based on the series, premiered on September 19,2012, entitled Jake, the film was later downgraded to a special episode renamed Jake and the Never Land Pirates, Jake Saves Bucky. The series is currently in its fourth and final season premiered on September 14,2015. Which is titled Captain Jake and the Never Land Pirates, the show revolves around a group of three children, Jake, Izzy, and Cubby who are pirates in Never Land, looking for treasure. Their main obstacles are Captain Hook, Mr. Smee, Captain Hook usually sees Jake and his crew doing something fun and steals it from them, and Jake and his crew have to get it back. After they succeed, Jake and his crew count their gold doubloons, the first season of the series followed more playful conflicts, such as Jake and the crew getting their basketball back from Captain Hook, or Jake and the crew taking back their stolen skateboard. The second season gave a scale to the adventure in the show, now having the characters find a lost city of gold. Almost every episode contains two eleven-minute animated segments, followed by a song by the Never Land Pirate Band. The singing characters Sharky and Bones appear in animated and live action forms. Captain Jacob Jake Voiced by, Colin Ford, [[Cameron Captain Jake, Sean Ryan Fox, Riley Thomas Stewart, Jake is the protagonist of the series and leader of the Never Land Pirates. He is Captain Hooks main pirate rival, one of his catchphrases is Yo ho, lets go. And he is using a telescope and steering the ship in the opening. He wears a red bandanna and later covers it with a captains hat
Jake and the Never Land Pirates
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Jake and the Never Land Pirates
50.
My Little Pony: Friendship Is Magic
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My Little Pony, Friendship Is Magic is a childrens animated fantasy television series developed by Lauren Faust. The series is based on Hasbros My Little Pony line of toys, the series premiered on October 10,2010, on The Hub cable channel. Hasbro selected animator Lauren Faust as the director and executive producer for the show. The show follows a unicorn pony named Twilight Sparkle as her mentor Princess Celestia guides her to learn about friendship in the town of Ponyville. Twilight becomes close friends with five other ponies, Applejack, Rarity, Fluttershy, Rainbow Dash, each represents a different facet of friendship, and Twilight discovers herself to be a key part of the magical artifacts known as the Elements of Harmony. The ponies travel on adventures and help others around Equestria while working out problems that arise in their own friendships. Despite the target demographic of young girls, Friendship Is Magic has also gained a following of older viewers, mainly young and middle-aged men. Portions of the show have become part of the remix culture, to date,143 episodes across six seasons have aired with a seventh season scheduled to premiere on April 15,2017. A spin-off feature film series, My Little Pony, Equestria Girls, started in 2013 and has shown in limited theatrical screenings prior to television broadcast. A feature-length film adaptation based on the TV series itself has been announced for a theatrical release on October 6,2017 in the United States. Hasbro, Inc. has produced several incarnations and lines of toys and entertainment related to the My Little Pony franchise, often labeled by collectors as generations. The animated series My Little Pony Tales which premiered in 1992 was the toy lines most recent television series before Friendship Is Magic and it was followed by various direct-to-video releases, which featured later designs up to the third incarnation of the franchise. Central themes that Hasbro sought for the show included friendships and working together, animator and writer Lauren Faust approached Hasbro, seeking to develop her girls toys property Galaxy Girls into an animated series. When she pitched to Lisa Licht of Hasbro Studios, Licht showed Faust one of their recent My Little Pony animated works, Princess Promenade, completely on the fly. Licht considered that Fausts style was suited to that line. Faust was initially hired by Hasbro to create a bible for the show. Faust said she was skeptical about taking the job at first because she had always found shows based on girls toys to be boring. With the chance to work on My Little Pony, she hoped to prove that cartoons for girls dont have to be a puddle of smooshy, cutesy-wootsy, joe, she considered that she was making Friendship Is Magic for me as an eight-year-old
My Little Pony: Friendship Is Magic
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Lauren Faust, developer and initial showrunner of My Little Pony: Friendship Is Magic
My Little Pony: Friendship Is Magic
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My Little Pony: Friendship Is Magic
My Little Pony: Friendship Is Magic
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Jayson Thiessen, supervising director (left), and Shaun Scotellaro ("Sethisto"), the founder of the fansite
Equestria Daily, at
BroNYCon 2011
My Little Pony: Friendship Is Magic
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Main cast members
