The Flying Eagle cent is a one-cent piece struck by the Mint of the United States as a pattern coin in 1856 and for circulation in 1857 and 1858. The coin was designed by Mint Chief Engraver James B. Longacre, with the eagle in flight based on the work of Longacre's predecessor, Christian Gobrecht.
Image: NNC US 1858 1C Flying Eagle Cent
Image: NNC US 1858 1C Flying Eagle Cent
Reverse of the 1837 Feuchtwanger cent
Pattern half cent in copper-nickel, struck to display the alloy as a coin
A pattern coin is a coin which has not been approved for release, but produced to evaluate a proposed coin design. They are often off-metal strike, to proof standard or piedforts. Many coin collectors collect and study pattern coins because of their historical importance. Many of the world's most valuable coins are pattern coins; nearly 25 of the pieces listed in 100 Greatest US Coins are pattern coins.
Regular coin (left), pattern coin (center) and piedfort (right)
1868 pattern for a large cent-sized, copper-nickel, ten-cent piece. From the Harry W. Bass, Jr. Collection.
Image: NNC US 1792 1C Pattern Silver Center Cent (J 2)
Image: NNC US 1792 10C Pattern Disme Copper (J 10)