Four-wheel drive in Formula One
Four-wheel drive (4WD) has only been tried a handful of times in Formula One. In the World Championship era since 1950, only eight such cars are known to have been built.
The Ferguson P99
The BRM P67 in the Donington Grand Prix Collection. Note the slender half shafts to the front wheels.
Lotus 63 4WD driven by Mario Andretti at the Nürburgring
1969: Jackie Stewart pictured with the MS84 at the Nürburgring
A four-wheel drive, also called 4×4 or 4WD, is a two-axled vehicle drivetrain capable of providing torque to all of its wheels simultaneously. It may be full-time or on-demand, and is typically linked via a transfer case providing an additional output drive shaft and, in many instances, additional gear ranges.
The Jeep Wrangler (pictured is a TJ Wrangler) is a 4WD vehicle with a transfer case to select low-range or high-range four-wheel drive.
Center transfer case sending power from the transmission to the rear axle (right) and front axle (left)
The Lamborghini Murciélago is an AWD that powers the front via a viscous coupling unit if the rear slips
The HMMWV is a 4WD/AWD that powers all wheels evenly (continuously) via a manually lockable center differential, with Torsen differentials for both front and rear
