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Landes (department)
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Landes is a department in southwestern France. Landes is one of the original 83 departments that were created during the French Revolution on 4 March 1790 and it was created from parts of the provinces of Guyenne and Gascony. During the first part of the century large parts of the department were covered with poorly drained heathland which is the origin of its name. The vegetation covered rich soil and was burned off, leaving excellent pasturage for sheep. The sheep were managed by shepherds who moved around on stilts, most of the sheep departed during the second half of the nineteenth century when systematic development of large pine plantations transformed the landscape and the local economy. The Nobel Prize–winning novelist François Mauriac set his novels in the Landes, Landes is part of the current region of Nouvelle-Aquitaine and is surrounded by the departments of Gironde, Lot-et-Garonne, Gers, and Pyrénées-Atlantiques, as well as the Atlantic Ocean on the west. With an area stretching over more than 9000 km², Landes is, after Gironde and it is well known for the Côte dArgent beach which is Europes longest, and attracts many surfers to Mimizan and Hossegor each year. The President of the General Council is Henri Emmanuelli of the Socialist Party, in terms of agriculture, Landes is known for its large pine forests which are the raw material for a timber and resin industries in the region. The forests were planted in the nineteenth century to prevent erosion of the regions sandy soil by the sea. Cantons of the Landes department Communes of the Landes department Arrondissements of the Landes department Prefecture website Conseil Général website Landes at DMOZ
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Film director
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A film director is a person who directs the making of a film. Generally, a film director controls a films artistic and dramatic aspects, the director has a key role in choosing the cast members, production design, and the creative aspects of filmmaking. Under European Union law, the director is viewed as the author of the film, the film director gives direction to the cast and crew and creates an overall vision through which a film eventually becomes realized, or noticed. Directors need to be able to mediate differences in creative visions, there are many pathways to becoming a film director. Some film directors started as screenwriters, cinematographers, film editors or actors, other film directors have attended a film school. Some outline a general plotline and let the actors dialogue, while others control every aspect. Some directors also write their own screenplays or collaborate on screenplays with long-standing writing partners, some directors edit or appear in their films, or compose the music score for their films. Film directors create a vision through which a film eventually becomes realized/noticed. Realizing this vision includes overseeing the artistic and technical elements of production, as well as directing the shooting timetable. This entails organizing the crew in such a way as to achieve their vision of the film. This requires skills of leadership, as well as the ability to maintain a singular focus even in the stressful. Moreover, it is necessary to have an eye to frame shots and to give precise feedback to cast and crew, thus. Thus the director ensures that all involved in the film production are working towards an identical vision for the completed film. The set of varying challenges he or she has to tackle has been described as a jigsaw puzzle with egos. It adds to the pressure that the success of a film can influence when, omnipresent are the boundaries of the films budget. Additionally, the director may also have to ensure an intended age rating, thus, the position of film director is widely considered to be a highly stressful and demanding one. It has been said that 20-hour days are not unusual, under European Union law, the film director is considered the author or one of the authors of a film, largely as a result of the influence of auteur theory. Auteur theory is a film criticism concept that holds that a directors film reflects the directors personal creative vision
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Roman Polanski
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Rajmund Roman Thierry Polański is a French-Polish film director, producer, writer, and actor. Born in Paris, his Polish-Jewish parents moved the back to Poland in 1937. Poland was invaded by Nazi Germany a few later, in 1939. Polanskis first feature-length film, Knife in the Water, made in Poland, was nominated for a United States Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film. He has since received five more Oscar nominations, along with two BAFTAs, four Césars, a Golden Globe Award and the Palme dOr of the Cannes Film Festival in France, in the United Kingdom he directed three films, beginning with Repulsion. In 1968 he moved to the United States and cemented his status by directing the horror film Rosemarys Baby. A turning point in his life took place in 1969, when his pregnant wife, Sharon Tate, following her death, Polanski returned to Europe and eventually continued directing. He made Macbeth in England and back in Hollywood, Chinatown, in 1977, Polanski was arrested and charged with the rape of a 13-year-old model during a photo session. He subsequently pled guilty to the charge of statutory rape and he was released from prison after serving 42 days, and as part of an apparent plea bargain, was to be put on probation. When he learned that the judge changed his mind and planned to reject the plea bargain, in Europe, Polanski continued to make films, including Tess, starring aspiring actress, Nastassja Kinski. It won Frances César Awards for Best Picture and Best Director and he later produced and directed The Pianist, starring Adrien Brody, in a World War II true story drama about a Jewish-Polish musician. The film won three Academy Awards including Best Director, along with numerous international awards and he also directed Oliver Twist, a story which parallels his own life as a young boy attempting to triumph over adversity. Polanski was born in Paris, the son of Bula and Ryszard Polański, a painter and manufacturer of sculptures and his mother had a daughter, Annette, by her previous husband. Annette managed to survive Auschwitz, where her mother died, Polańskis father was Jewish and originally from Poland, Polańskis mother, born in Russia, had been raised Roman Catholic and was of half-Jewish ancestry. Polański, influenced by his education in the Peoples Republic of Poland, said Im an atheist in an interview about his film, Rosemarys Baby. The Polański family moved back to the Polish city of Kraków in 1936, Kraków was soon occupied by the German forces, and Nazi racial purity laws made the Polańskis targets of persecution, forcing them into the Kraków Ghetto, along with thousands of the citys Jews. Around the age of six, he attended school for only a few weeks, until all the Jewish children were abruptly expelled. That initiative was followed by requiring all Jewish children over the age of twelve to wear white armbands with a blue Star of David imprinted for visual identification
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Mathieu Kassovitz
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Mathieu Kassovitz is a French director, screenwriter, producer, editor, and actor probably best known in Anglophone countries for his role as Nino Quincampoix in Amélie. Kassovitz is also the founder of MNP Entreprise, a production company. He has won three César Awards, Most Promising Actor for See How They Fall, and Best Film and he also received Best Director and Best Writing nominations. Kassovitz was born in Paris, the son of Chantal Rémy, an editor, and Peter Kassovitz. His mother is a French Roman Catholic, and his father is a Hungarian Jew who left during the Hungarian Revolution of 1956, as a filmmaker, Kassovitz has made several artistic and commercial successes. He wrote and directed La Haine, a film dealing with themes around class, race, violence, the film won the César Award for Best Film and netted Kassovitz the Best Director prize at the 1995 Cannes Film Festival. He used the money he made from Gothika to develop a far more personal project Babylon Babies, Kassovitz established the film production firm MNP Entreprise in 2000 to develop and produce feature films by Kassovitz and to represent him as a director and actor. MNP Entreprise is responsible for the co-productions of a number of films including Avida in which Kassovitz acts, Kassovitz purchased the film rights for the novel Johnny Mad Dog by Congolese writer Emmanuel Dongala. The film was also co-produced by MNP Entreprise, and directed by Jean-Stéphane Sauvaire, the premiere of the film was made at the 2008 Cannes Film Festival where it was screened within the Un Certain Regard section. In 2011, he starred in and directed Rebellion, a war based on a true story of French commandos who clashed with tribes in New Caledonia. His future project science fiction film MNP is named after Mir Space Station, whose writing in Cyrillic letters look like the letters MNP, Kassovitz is most famous outside France for his acting role as Nino Quincampoix in Jean-Pierre Jeunets film Amélie. Among many other credits, he also had roles in La Haine, Birthday Girl. He played a role in Amen. by Costa-Gavras. Kassovitz is also recognizable for playing a conflicted Belgian explosives expert in Steven Spielbergs controversial 2005 film Munich, alongside Eric Bana, Kassovitz was a jury member for the 2001 Cannes Film Festival. Kassovitz was married to French actress Julie Mauduech, whom he directed and acted alongside in his 1993 film Métisse, Kassovitz also has two children with his former partner, actress Aurore Lagache. In 2009, Kassovitz won with Tesla Roadster the Rallye Monte Carlo des Véhicules à Énergie Alternative in the category reserved to electric vehicles, Kassovitz is also known for his outspokenness, frequently making controversial comments on socio-political issues. Sarkozy stirred controversy and outrage when he said the rioters were rabble, in a 2012 interview, he labeled the outgoing Sarkozy administration as horrible. Official website Mathieu Kassovitz at the Internet Movie Database
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France 24
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France 24 is a 24-hour international news and current affairs television network, based in Paris. Its channels broadcast, respectively, in, French, English, and Arabic, based in Issy-les-Moulineaux, in the suburbs of Paris, the service started on 6 December 2006. The stated mission of the three channels is to provide a public service and a common editorial stance. The budget is approximately €m100 million per year, France 24 is broadcast on three channels, in French, in English, and in Arabic. France 24s programming is divided more or less equally between news coverage and news magazines or special reports, along with 260 journalists of its own, France 24 can call on the resources of the two main French broadcasters as well as partners such as AFP and RFI. The CEO of France 24 is Alain de Pouzilhac, from 19 May 2010, France 24 unveiled a new schedule that prioritizes the morning and evening slots, anchored live by the networks editorial staff. More programming space than ever before goes to business, sport, culture, as from 2016, France 24 shares its night programming with the France-based France Info. Format and Magazines France 24 broadcasts on a cycle with a live news bulletin. In Sunday, all programs are rebroadcasts, except Revisited at 9, the First Gulf War of 1990, relayed across the world by CNN International in particular, revealed the power of international news channels and their role in the formation of opinion. A parliamentary minister, Philippe Séguin, wished to create a French-language equivalent, in 1996, after nineteen governmental reports in ten years, Prime Minister Alain Juppé asked Radio France Internationale president Jean-Paul Cluzel to create a French international news channel. Cluzel proposed in 1997 to group TV5, RFI, and CFI within a corporation entitled Téléfi, admittedly, we have with Agence France-Presse a remarkable information tool that we must continue to reinforce, notably in its international mission. Indeed, everyone here recognises the recent progress made by RFI, by TV5, by CFI, thanks to the efforts of their teams and to the determination of the public bodies. But everybody notices that we are far from having a large international news channel in French. The recent crises have shown the handicap that a country suffers, an area, which doesnt possess a sufficient weight in the battle of the images. It is essential for the influence of our country, an international version of LCI, proposed by Groupe TF1, which asked for a state subvention for the service. Strengthening of TV5s news service, as suggested by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, on 19 March 2003, Matignon opened offers to, Elicit the development of an international news channel. The international news channel must contribute to a strategy of influence of France in the world. Brochard attempted to group both Groupe TF1 and Groupe Canal+, with no success, after a press conference in January 2004, President Chirac wished for a launch of the channel towards the end of the year
6.
Jacques Audiard
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Jacques Audiard is a French film director and screenwriter, the son of Michel Audiard, also a notable screenwriter and film director. His 2015 film Dheepan won the Palme dOr at the 2015 Cannes Film Festival and he began his screenwriting career in the 1980s with films including Réveillon chez Bob. and Mortelle randonnée, Baxter, Fréquence Meurtre and Saxo. In 1994 he directed Regarde les Hommes Tomber, a movie starring Mathieu Kassovitz. The film won the César Award for best first film and the Prix Georges-Sadoul, two years later he reunited with Kassovitz and Trintignant for Un Héros Très Discret – A Self-Made Hero in English, adapted from the novel by Jean-François Deniau. In 1996 A Self Made Hero won the Best Screenplay Award at Cannes, in 2002 Read My Lips was nominated for nine Césars and won three, for Best Actress, Best Screenplay and Best Sound. In 2015, his movie, Dheepan won the Palme dOr at Cannes. He has released music videos, among them Comme Elle Vient by Noir Désir in which all the actors were deaf-mute. The beginning of the created a minor scandal, it displayed three women discussing politics who come to the conclusion that it is better to be deaf than to listen to that
7.
Palme d'Or
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The Palme dOr is the highest prize awarded at the Cannes Film Festival. It was introduced in 1955 by the organising committee, from 1939 to 1954, the highest prize was the Grand Prix du Festival International du Film. In 1964, it was replaced again by the Grand Prix du Festival before being reintroduced in 1974 as the Palme dOr again. In 1954, the Jury of the Festival de Cannes suggested giving an award titled the Grand Prix of the International Film Festival with a new design each year from a contemporary artist. At the end of 1954, the Festivals Board of Directors invited several jewellers to submit designs for a palm, in tribute to the coat of arms of the City of Cannes. The original design by the jeweller Lucienne Lazon had the lower extremity of the stalk forming a heart. In 1955, the first Palme dOr was awarded to Delbert Mann for Marty, and it remained the highest award until 1964, as of 2015, Jane Campion is the only female director to have won the Palme dOr, for The Piano. These choices were due to a Cannes policy that forbids the Palme dOr-winning film from receiving any additional awards, according to Spielberg, Had the casting been 3% wrong, it wouldnt have worked like it did for us. Since its reintroduction, the prize has been redesigned several times, at the beginning of the 1980s, the rounded shape of the pedestal, bearing the palm, gradually transformed to become pyramidal in 1984. In 1992 Thierry de Bourqueney redesigned the Palme and its pedestal in hand-cut crystal, the current design, first presented in 1997, is by Caroline Scheufele from Chopard. A single piece of cut crystal forms a cushion for the 24-carat gold palm, the winner of the 2014 Palme dOr, Winter Sleep—a Turkish film by Nuri Bilge Ceylan—occurred during the same year as the 100th anniversary of Turkish cinema. Note, The Palme dOr for Union Pacific was awarded in retrospect at the 2002 festival, the festivals debut was to take place in 1939, but it was cancelled due to World War II. The organisers of the 2002 festival presented part of the original 1939 selection to a jury of six members. The films were, Goodbye Mr. Chips, La Piste du Nord, Lenin in 1918, The Four Feathers, The Wizard of Oz, Union Pacific, and Boefje. In 2011 the festival announced that the award would be given out annually, however plans for this fell through, american director Woody Allen was the inaugural recipient while pioneering French filmmaker Agnès Varda was the first woman to receive the award in 2015. In 2016 Jean-Pierre Léaud became the first person to be awarded solely for acting. com Cannes Film Festival IMDB
