François d'Orléans, Prince of Joinville
François d'Orléans, Prince de Joinville was the third son of Louis Philippe, King of the French, and his wife Maria Amalia of Naples and Sicily. An admiral of the French Navy, François was famous for bringing the remains of Napoleon from Saint Helena to France, as well as a talented artist, with 35 known watercolours. He married Princess Francisca of Brazil, daughter of Emperor Pedro I and sister of Emperor Pedro II. The dowry received by François upon the marriage became the Brazilian city of Joinville.
François d'Orléans, Prince of Joinville
Portrait by Franz Xaver Winterhalter, 1843
Photograph of François
François d'Orléans (second from right) with staff and dignitaries of General McClellan (center), during the American Civil War
Louis Philippe I, nicknamed the Citizen King, was King of the French from 1830 to 1848, and the penultimate monarch of France. As Louis Philippe, Duke of Chartres, he distinguished himself commanding troops during the Revolutionary Wars and was promoted to lieutenant general by the age of nineteen, but he broke with the Republic over its decision to execute King Louis XVI. He fled to Switzerland in 1793 after being connected with a plot to restore France's monarchy. His father Louis Philippe II, Duke of Orléans, fell under suspicion and was executed during the Reign of Terror.
Portrait by Franz Xaver Winterhalter, 1841
Profile of the 13-year-old Louis Philippe d’Orléans, drawn by Carle Vernet (27 August 1787)
Louis Philippe, Duke of Chartres, in 1792 by Léon Cogniet (1834)
Early in his exile, Louis Philippe was a teacher of geography, history, mathematics and modern languages, at a boys' boarding school in Reichenau, Switzerland.