Friends of the Earth International is an international network of environmental organizations in 74 countries. Friends of the Earth was founded in 1969 in San Francisco by David Brower, Donald Aitken and Gary Soucie after Brower's split with the Sierra Club due to the latter's positive approach to nuclear energy; the founding donation of $500,000 was provided by Robert Orville Anderson, the owner of Atlantic Richfield oil company. It became an international network of organisations in 1971 with a meeting of representatives from four countries, namely U. S. Sweden, the UK and France. FoEI has a secretariat which provides support for the network and its agreed major campaigns; the executive committee of elected representatives from national groups sets policy and oversees the work of the secretariat. In 2016, Uruguayan activist Karin Nansen was elected to serve as chair of Friends of the Earth International. Friends of the Earth is an international membership organisation, with members spread across the world.

Its main parent body, Friends of the Earth is an advocacy group, with most of its activities focused in UK. Its advocacy programs focus on environmental issues, highlighting their social and human rights contexts, their campaigns take place in the United Kingdom, with a few activities in USA and Europe through their sister agency Friends of the earth. The international wing of Friends of the Earth is headquartered in Amsterdam, Netherlands for tax reasons; as per its website, the current campaign priorities of Friends of the Earth internationally are: economic justice and resisting neoliberalism and biodiversity, food sovereignty and climate justice and energy. The campaign priorities of FOEI are set at its bi-annual general meeting. Additionally, FOEI plans campaigns in other fields like desertification, maritime and extractive industries and nuclear power. In 2016, FOEI led a campaign on the consumption and intensive meat production FOEI claims that it has been successful as it has eliminated billions in taxpayer subsidies to corporate polluters, reformed the World Bank to address environmental and human rights concerns, pushed the debate on global warming to pressure the U.

S. to attempt the best legislation possible, stopped more than 150 destructive dams and water projects worldwide and won landmark regulations of strip mines and oil tankers and banned international whaling. Its critics claim that the organization only tries to obtain media attention, but does not stay with locals to solve complicated problems, that it prevents development in developing countries, they have been critical of its policy to accept high levels of funding from companies and charities related to oil and gas. In October 2018, it was announced that Aliko Dangote, Africa's richest man, was planning to build a $12 billion oil refinery on 6,180 acres of swampland in Nigeria; this would make it the world's largest refinery. By 2022, the refinery would process 650,000 barrels of crude oil daily. Nigeria is Africa's largest oil producer, though the refineries present are of low quality, so most of the oil used within the country is imported; because the refinery would be built so far from the Niger Delta, where most Nigerian oil is extracted, two undersea pipelines will be used to carry petroleum the 240 miles to the Lagos-based refinery.

Pipelines the exist in Nigeria are under scrutiny, some have been blown up by angry citizens and members of a rebel group called the Delta Avengers, who are angry about the pollution and poverty associated with and stemming from the oil industry. In addition, this refinery would give Dangote a monopoly on Nigerian oil. On December 11, 2018, FOE Africa began protesting outside of an event hosted by the Shell corporation. Activists found that Shell helped draft a portion of the Paris Climate Agreement in 2015. Shell, an oil drilling company, influenced the guidelines on greenhouse gas emission allowances and restrictions. At the protest, Rita Uwaka of Nigeria's branch of FOE said: "It's like hell on Earth. I represent communities in the Niger Delta who are impacted by these big polluters... Having these big polluters come in here as a saint is not only a slap on us as delegates of COP. It's a slap on Mother Earth." The Friends of the Earth in each country are themselves many-tiered networks reaching from individual activists up to the national pressure group which campaigns for environmentally progressive and sustainable policies.

The groups and activists carry out educational and research activities. As per their website, Friends of the Earth groups are required to act independently of party political, religious or other influences; these are conditions of remaining a member of FOEI. The national groups work on the main issues affecting their own country and choose to participate in the international campaigns of FoEI which are relevant to them. In turn, the local campaigners can work on national and/or international campaigns; the member organization in a particular country may name itself Friends of the Earth or an equivalent translated phrase in the national language, e.g. Friends of the Earth, Friends of the Earth, Amigos de la Tierra; however half of the member groups work under their own names, sometimes reflecting an independent origin and subsequent accession to the network, such as Pro Natura, the Korean Federation for

Daniel Parke Jr. was a British-American colonist, soldier and member of the colonial gentry of Virginia. He was lynched by an angry mob during his tenure as governor of the Leeward Islands, making him the only governor in British America to be murdered. Daniel Parke Jr. was born in Virginia in 1664. He was the son of Daniel Parke Sr. a native of Essex who held several offices in Virginia, his wife Rebecca Evelyn, a cousin of noted writer John Evelyn. As a child, he was sent to England to be raised with his cousins from the Evelyn family, at the family seat in Long Ditton. Parke returned to Virginia at age 16 to reclaim the family estates from his guardian Philip Ludwell, he married Ludwell's daughter Jane, the couple had two daughters. He became a protégé of Sir Edmund Andros, with whose support he served in the Virginia House of Burgesses from 1683 and on the governor's council from 1690. Despite these successes Parke was unpopular with his peers, who considered him too ready to threaten violence in financial or political disputes.

Parke resigned his political offices in 1697 and again set sail for England, abandoning his family in Virginia. He settled in Hampshire and in 1701 was an unsuccessful Whig candidate for the House of Commons constituency of Whitchurch. Having failed to win a Parliamentary seat, Parke sought a military career by purchasing a commission in the British Army in 1702, he was a capable soldier who won honours as aide-de-camp to John Churchill, 1st Duke of Marlborough throughout the War of the Spanish Succession. In 1704 Marlborough selected Parke to advise Queen Anne of England's victory in the Battle of Blenheim; the Queen, impressed by Parke's military bearing and record of service, rewarded him with a jewel containing her portrait, a one thousand pound gratuity and her personal thanks. According to Parke, Marlborough had offered him the Governorship of Virginia in return for his military service. However, on reaching England, Parke discovered. Furious, he petitioned for an equivalent office and was offered Governorship of the Leeward Islands, which he accepted despite it being "the hardest taske of all the Queen's Governors, tho' the least salary."

Parke arrived in the Leeward Islands in late 1706 to discover a chaotic administration at constant risk of defeat by the French. The islands of Nevis and St Kitts were in ruins following a French attack in February and March, supplies for their relief had been embezzled by local merchants. There were rumours of impending French assaults on Antigua and Montserrat, the sea lanes between the islands were controlled by privateers. Further, Lieutenant Governor John Johnson advised Parke that the English settlers of the Islands were a self-interested, "ill-natured and troublesome people."Parke quickly made enemies – most notably Christopher Codrington, an earlier administrator of the colony, Edward Chester, the local factor of the Royal African Company. Parke confiscated estates acquired by Codrington, who in turn helped stir resentments among the people against Parke. Chester's animus against Parke was more personal – Parke took Chester's wife as his mistress, had a will witnessed in which he publicly acknowledged her newborn child as his own and a beneficiary of his estate.

A list of grievances was compiled against Parke, including complaints against his personal conduct as well as allegations that he had enriched himself by seizing vessels, concealing wills to buy up intestate estates, pressuring others not to contest his bids for lands and cattle. The situation in Antigua deteriorated. A petition to have Parke removed succeeded and orders were received recalling him to England, but he ignored the order and dissolved the island's assembly. An angry mob captured Parke in his house, beat him and dragged him out to die of his wounds, his last words to his tormentors, as he lay dying, were reported as: "Gentlemen, you have no sense of honor left, pray have some of humanity."He was succeeded in the post of Governor by Walter Douglas, who did not bring charges against any of the individuals involved in Parke's death. Daniel Parke had both daughters, by his wife Jane Ludwell; the elder daughter married John Custis IV, while the younger married William Byrd II. His descendants include Daniel Parke Custis, first husband of Martha Washington, Mary Custis Lee, wife of General Robert E Lee.

He had at least one illegitimate son by an English mistress. He had an acknowledged illegitimate daughter by Catherine, wife of Edward Chester; this daughter, married Thomas Dunbar, who assumed the surname Parke and became embroiled in an estate dispute with Daniel Parke Custis. Burns, Alan. History of the British West Indies. Allen & Unwin. OCLC 557499386. Miller, Helen Hill. Colonel Parke of Virginia: "The Greatest Hector in the Town". Chapel Hill: Algonquin Books. ISBN 9780912697871. Daniel Parke at Encyclopedia Virginia

Bimbo's Initiation is a 1931 Fleischer Studios Talkartoon animated short film starring Bimbo and featuring an early version of Betty Boop with a dog's ears and nose. It was the final Betty Boop cartoon to be animated by Grim Natwick. Bimbo is walking down the street when he disappears down an open manhole, is subsequently locked down there by a mouse who resembles Mickey Mouse, he lands in the underground clubhouse of a secret society. The leader asks Bimbo if he would like to be a member, but Bimbo refuses and is sent through a series of dangerous events, he is asked by the leader to join their society, but keeps refusing. Bimbo is brought through a series of mysterious doors. Bimbo flees through various death traps before landing in front of the mysterious order's leader again. Bimbo still refuses to become a member, but accepts the invitation when the leader reveals to be the real Betty Boop and the rest of the society members remove their costumes, showing that they are all Betty clones. Bimbo dances with all the Betties to celebrate.

The song Wanna Be a Member? is parody lyrics written to the 1919 song the Vamp. The surreal, nightmarish atmosphere of Bimbo's Initiation has made it one of the most renowned Fleischer Studios shorts. Leonard Maltin described it as "the'darkest' of all" the Fleischers' cartoons. In 1994 it was voted #37 of the 50 Greatest Cartoons of all time by members of the animation industry; the cartoonist Jim Woodring identified Bimbo's Initiation as "one of the things that laid the foundation for my life's philosophy." Bimbo's Initiation on the IMDb Bimbo's Initiation at the Big Cartoon Database Bimbo's Initiation on YouTube

The 1963 Iowa State Cyclones football team represented Iowa State University in the Big Eight Conference during the 1963 NCAA University Division football season. In their sixth year under head coach Clay Stapleton, the Cyclones compiled a 4–5 record, tied for fourth place in the conference, were outscored by opponents by a combined total of 143 to 129, they played their home games at Clyde Williams Field in Iowa. The regular starting lineup on offense consisted of left end Randy Kidd, left tackle Norm Taylor, left guard Chuck Steimle, center John Berrington, right guard Tim Brown, right tackle John Van Sicklen, right end Larry Hannahs, quarterback Ken Bunte, halfbacks Ozzie Clay and Dick Limerick, fullback Tom Vaughn. Dave Hoover was the team captain; the team's statistical leaders included Tom Vaughn with 795 rushing yards, Ken Bunte with 347 passing yards, Dick Limerick with 339 receiving yards and 59 points scored. Two Iowa State players were selected as first-team all-conference players: center John Berrington and fullback Tom Vaughn

In the mathematical theory of knots, L10a140 is the name in the Thistlethwaite link table of a link of three loops, which has ten crossings between the loops when presented in its simplest visual form. It is of interest because it is the simplest link which possesses the Brunnian property — a link of connected components that, when one component is removed, becomes unconnected — other than the six-crossing Borromean rings. In other words, no two loops are directly linked with each other, but all three are collectively interlinked, so removing any loop frees the other two. In the image in the infobox at right, the red loop is not interlinked with either the blue or the yellow loops, if the red loop is removed the blue and yellow loops can be disentangled from each other without cutting either one. According to work by Slavik V. Jablan, the L10a140 link can be seen as the second in an infinite series of Brunnian links beginning with the Borromean rings. So if the blue and yellow loops have only one twist along each side, the resulting configuration is the Borromean rings.

The multivariable Alexander polynomial for the L10a140 link is Δ = 2 v w u v w, the Conway polynomial is ∇ = 4 z 4 + 4 z 6 + z 8, the Jones polynomial factors nicely as V = − t 5 + 3 t 4 − 5 t 3 + 8 t 2 − 9 t + 12 − 9 t − 1 + 8 t − 2 − 5 t − 3 + 3 t − 4 − t − 5 = − 1 t 5 = w w, where w = t 5 − 2 t 4 + t 3 − 2 t 2 + t − 1. The HOMFLY polynomial is P = z − 2 α − 2 − 4 z 2 α − 2 − 4 z 4 α − 2 − z 6 α − 2 − 2 z − 2 + 8 z 2 + 12 z 4 + 6 z 6 + z 8 + z − 2 α 2

Anthony Louis Lovel Coke, 6th Earl of Leicester, was a British peer. Coke was the son of the Hon Arthur George Coke and Phyllis Hermione, a daughter of Francis Saxham Elwes Drury, his father was the second son of Thomas Coke, 3rd Earl of Leicester and was killed in action in 1915 during the First World War. Anthony was educated at Holt. During the Second World War, Coke served in the Royal Air Force. In the late 1950s, he became a Land Development Officer in Rhodesia, attached to what was known as the Native Affairs Department, he and his wife, were based in the Mondoro Reserve near Hartley, where he was responsible for educating and assisting African farmers. In 1976 he succeeded his first cousin Thomas as 6th Earl of Leicester, inheriting a substantial estate based on Holkham Hall in Norfolk, but remained living in South Africa, as his eldest son had taken over the management of the estate. Leicester was married firstly on 11 September 1934 to Moyra Joan Crossley, daughter of Douglas Crossley.

They had two sons and one daughter together: Edward Douglas Coke, 7th Earl of Leicester Lady Almary Bridget Coke Hon Wenman John Coke They were divorced in 1947 in which year Leicester married Vera Haigh in Southern Rhodesia. She died in 1984 and Leicester married thirdly in 1985, Elizabeth Hope Johnstone, daughter of Clifford Arthur Johnstone, of Addo, Eastern Province, South Africa. Leicester died on 12 August 1994 at age 84 in South Africa, he was succeeded in other titles by his son Edward Coke, 7th Earl of Leicester. Who's Who 1993 thepeerage.com Hansard 1803–2005: contributions in Parliament by the Earl of Leicester